Which of the following is NOT part of the alimentary canal?

A. Tongue

B. Pharynx

C. Esophagus

D. Stomach

E. Small Intestine

Definition
A. Tongue
Term
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion?

A. A tooth

B. The appendix

C. The liver

D. The gall bladder

E. The pancreas

Definition
B. The appendix
Term
Hydrolysis of large biological molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed by cells is

A. Ingestion

B. Mechanical digestion

C. Chemical digestion
D. Secretion

E. Propulsion

Definition
C. Chemical digestion
Term
Which of the following statement(s) about bile salts is (are) true? Bile salts

A. are manufactured by the pancreas.

B. increase the efficiency of pepsin action.

C. are enzymes.

D. emulsify fats in the duodenum.

E. are normally an ingredient of gastric juice.

Definition
D. emulsify fats in the duodenum.
Term
After surgical removal o fan infected gallbladder, a person must be especially careful to restrict
his/her dietary intake of

A. Fat

B. Sugar

C. Protein

D. Starch

E. Water

Definition
A. Fat
Term
Which of the following statements about pepsin is true? Pepsin

A. splits maltose into monosaccharides.

B. begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach.

C. helps stabilize fat-water emulsions.

D. is manufactured by the pancreas.

E. is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH.

Definition
B. begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach.
Term
Because they accumulate in the body, excess ingestion of which of the following can have toxic
effects?

A. Proteins

B. Fat-soluble vitamins

C. Sugars

D. Water-soluble vitamins

E. Calcium and phosphorus

Definition
B. Fat-soluble vitamins
Term
Without functioning parietal cells, an individual would

A. Not be able to initiate protein digestion in the stomach.

B. Not be able to produce pepsinogen.

C. Not be able t initiate digestion in the small intestine.

D. Only be able to digest fat in the stomach.

E. Not be able to initiate mechanical digestion in the stomach.

Definition
A. Not be able to initiate protein digestion in the stomach.
Term
Most nutrients absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream are in which form

A. Polymers

B. Disaccharides

C. Enzymes

D. Monomers

E. Peptides

Definition
D. Monomers
Term
Enteropeptidase, an enzyme bound to the intestinal epithelium, has which of the following
actions?

A. Inhibits duodenal secretion

B. Inhibits bile secretion

C. Activates pancreatic enzymes

D. Inhibits peristalsis in the stomach

E. Increases the pH of chyme

Definition
C. Activates pancreatic enzymes
Term
What is peristalsis?

A. The transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel

B. A process of fat emulsification in the small intestine

C. Smooth muscle contraction that move food through the alimentary canal

D. Voluntary control of the rectal sphincters regulating defecation

E. A common cause of loss of appetite, fatigue, and dehydration

Definition
C. Smooth muscle contraction that move food through the alimentary canal
Term
Which of the following digestive processes requires enzymes?

A. Hydrolysis

B. Absorption

C. Elimination

D. Ingestion

E. Peristalsis

Definition
A. Hydrolysis
Term
Which of the following enzymes has the lowest pH optimum?

A. Pepsin

B. Amylase

C. Sucrase
D. Lipase

E. Trypsin

Definition
A. Pepsin
Term
Secretin stimulates the ________ to secrete________.

A. pancreas; pancreatic enzymes

B. pancreas; bicarbonate

C. stomach; bicarbonate

D. small intestine; disaccharidases

E. liver; liver enzymes

Definition
B. pancreas; bicarbonate
Term
What is the substrate of salivary amylase?

A. Starch

B. Glucose

C. Maltose

D. Protein

E. Sucrose

Definition
A. Starch
Term
What part(s) of the digestive system have secretions with a pH of 2?

A. Small intestine

B. Pancreas

C. Stomach

D. A and B only

E. A, B, and C

Definition
C. Stomach
Term
The mammalian trachea and esophagus both open into the

A. Large intestine

B. Epiglottis

C. Pharynx

D. Rectum

E. Stomach

Definition
C. Pharynx
Term
After ingestion, the first type of macromolecule to be worked on by enzymes int he human
digestive system is

A. Fat

B. Glucose

C. Carbohydrate
D. Protein

E. Nucleic Acid

Definition
C. Carbohydrate
Term
Which of the following is not a nutritional monomer that can be transported in the blood?

A. Sucrose

B. Fatty Acid

C. Amino Acid

D. Glucose

E. Nucleotide

Definition
A. Sucrose
Term
During the process of digestion, fats are broken down when fatty acids are detached from glycerol.
In addition, proteins are digested to yield amino acids. What do these two processes have in
common? Both

A. require ATP as an energy source.

B. are catalyzed by the same enzyme.

C. occur intracellularly in most organisms.

D. involve the addition of a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis).

E. require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH.

Definition
D. Involve the addition of a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis).