Anda di halaman 1dari 15

OpenNebula/Reservoir Training, January 27-28

Brussels, Belgium

Session 3
Administration and Basic Usage – Part II
Daniel Molina & Javier Fontán
dmolina/jfontan@opennebula.org

Copyright 2002-2011 © OpenNebula Project Leads (OpenNebula.org). All Rights Reserved.


Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Preparing a VM to be used with OpenNebula
  You can use any VM prepared for the target hypervisor
  Hint I: Place the vmcontext.sh script in the boot process to
make better use of vlans
  Hint II: Do not pack useless information in the VM images:
-  swap. OpenNebula can create swap partitions on-the-fly in the
target host
-  Scratch or volatile storage. OpenNebula can create plain FS
on-the-fly in the target host
  Hint III: Install once and deploy many; prepare master
images
  Hint IV: Do not put private information (e.g. ssh keys) in the
master images, use the CONTEXT
  Hint V: Pass arbitrary data to a master image using CONTEXT

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Hands on
  Copy the ttylinux example from
/automount/share/reservoir/opennebula/images/ttylinux-xen.tar

fe$ tar vzf ttylinux-xen.tar

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  An Image in OpenNebula’s repository
  Resource containing an operative system or data, to be used
as a virtual machine disk.
  This data can be saved overwriting the original image, or as a
new OpenNebula image.
  Three different types of images
  OS: contains a working operative system
  CDROM: readonly data
  DATABLOCK: A storage for data. Can be created either from
previous existing data, or as an empty drive.
  Images are defined in an Image template
  Each Image has a unique name and ID in OpenNebula
  Once registered, Image files are stored in
$ONE_LOCATION/var/images

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Hands on... register a ttylinux OS image

fe$ cat ttylinux-img.one


NAME = "ttylinux"
TYPE = OS
PATH = /srv/cloud/one/ttylinux-xen/ttylinux.img
PUBLIC = NO
PERSISTENT = NO
DESCRIPTION = "ttylinux OS"

fe$ oneimage register ttylinux-img.one


fe$ oneimage list
ID USER NAME TYPE REGTIME PUB PER STAT #VMS
0 oneadmin ttylinux OS Dec 10, 2010 14:57 No No rdy 0

fe$ oneimage show 0


[ ... ]

fe$ tree /srv/cloud/one/var/images


/srv/cloud/one/var/images
`-- 8625d68b699fd30e64360471eb2c38fed47

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  A Virtual Machine in OpenNebula
  A capacity in terms memory and CPU
  A set of NICs attached to one or more virtual networks
  A set of disk images, to be “transferred” to/from the execution
host.
  A state file (optional) or recovery file, with the memory image of a
running VM plus some hypervisor specific information.
  Virutal Machines are defined in a VM template
  Each VM has a unique ID in OpenNebula  the VM_ID
  All the files (logs, images, state files...) are stored in
$ONE_LOCATION/var/<VM_ID>

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Life-cycle

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Definition File (VM templates)
#---------------------------------------
# Name of the VM
#---------------------------------------
NAME = "vm-example" # Optional, Default: one-$VMID

#---------------------------------------
# Capacity
#---------------------------------------
CPU = "amount_of_requested_CPU"
MEMORY = "amount_of_requested_MEM"
VCPU = "number of virtual cpus"

#---------------------------------------
# OS and boot options
#---------------------------------------
OS = [
kernel = "path_to_os_kernel", # para-virtualization
initrd = "path_to_initrd_image", # para-virtualization
kernel_cmd = "kernel_command_line",
root = "device to be mounted as root",
bootloader = "path to the boot loader exec",
boot = "device to boot from" ]

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Definition File (VM templates)
#---------------------------------------
# Features of the hypervisor
#---------------------------------------

FEATURES = [
pae = "yes|no", # Optional, KVM
acpi = "yes|no" ] # Optional, KVM

#---------------------------------------
# VM Disks, using Images
#---------------------------------------

DISK = [
IMAGE = "Name of the Image to use",
IMAGE_ID = ID, # Optional, can be used instead of IMAGE
BUS = "ide, scsi, etc.", # Optional
TARGET = "device_to_map_disk", # Optional
DRIVER = "raw|qcow2|tap .. etc." ] # Optional

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Definition File (VM templates)
#---------------------------------------
# VM Disks, advanced usage
#---------------------------------------

DISK = [
type = "floppy|disk|cdrom|swap|fs|block",
source = "path_to_disk_image_file|physical_dev",
format = "type for fs disks",
size = "size_in_GB",
target = "device_to_map_disk",
bus = "ide|scsi|virtio|xen",
readonly = "yes|no",
clone = "yes|no",
save = "yes|no" ]

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Definition File (VM templates)
#---------------------------------------
# Network Interfaces
#---------------------------------------

NIC = [
network = "name_of_the_virtual_network",
ip = "ip_address",
bridge = "name_of_bridge_to_bind_if",
target = "device_name_to_map_if",
mac = "HW_address",
script = "path_to_script_to_bring_up_if",
Model = "NIC model"]

#---------------------------------------
# I/O Interfaces
#---------------------------------------

INPUT = [
type = "mouse|tablet",
bus = "usb|ps2|xen" ]

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machine Definition File (VM templates)
#---------------------------------------
# I/O Interfaces
#---------------------------------------

GRAPHICS = [
type = "vnc|sdl",
listen = "IP-to-listen-on",
port = "port_for_VNC_server",
passwd = "password_for_VNC_server" ]

#---------------------------------------
# Raw Hypervisor attributes
#---------------------------------------

RAW = [
type = "xen|kvm",
data = "raw_domain_configutarion"]

Not all the parameters are supported for each hypervisor. Complete reference and
examples for all sections in
http://opennebula.org/documentation:rel2.0:template

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Hands on... define a new Virtual Machine:
  Using the ttylinux Image
  Connected to the Public and One-TD VirtualNetworks
fe$ cat ttylinux.one
NAME = ttylinux-public
CPU = 0.1
MEMORY = 64

DISK=[
IMAGE=ttylinux,
READONLY=no,
TARGET=hda ]

NIC = [ NETWORK=Public ]
NIC = [ NETWORK=One-TD ]

FEATURES = [ ACPI=no ]

OS=[
INITRD=/srv/cloud/one/ttylinux-xen/initrd.gz,
KERNEL=/srv/cloud/one/ttylinux-xen/vmlinuz-xen,
ROOT=hda1 ]

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Virtual Machines are managed with the onevm utility
  Operations: create, deploy shutdown, livemigrate, stop, cancel,
resume, suspend, delete, restart
  Information: list, show, top, history
fe$ onevm create ttylinux.one

fe$ onevm list


ID USER NAME STAT CPU MEM HOSTNAME TIME
0 oneadmin ttylinux pend 0 0K 00 00:00:09

fe$ onevm show 0


[ ... ]

fe$ onevnet list


ID USER NAME TYPE BRIDGE P #LEASES
0 oneadmin One-TD Ranged xenbr0 N 1
1 oneadmin One-TD-Invisibl Fixed xenbr0 N 0

fe$ oneimage list


ID USER NAME TYPE REGTIME PUB PER STAT #VMS
0 oneadmin ttylinux OS Dec 10, 2010 14:57 No No used 1

fe$ onevm top

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)
  Hands on...
  Create a basic VM
  Create a couple of network enabled VMs
  Check virtual network usage (onevnet)
  Try control operations with the VMs
  stop, shutdown, resume...
  migrate – check xm list
  Register a new persistent Datablock Image
NAME = "storage"
TYPE = DATABLOCK
PERSISTENT = YES
SIZE = 10
FSTYPE = ext3

  Modify the template


-  Add one more NIC for the One-Td-Invisible network
-  Add another DISK for the persistent datablock image

Administration and Basic Usage – Part II Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)

Anda mungkin juga menyukai