EMISSIONS CONFERENCE
Milan, 27 September 2016
REGASIFICATION PLANTS:
ENERGY EFFICIENT
LNG
TECHNOLOGIES
Co-authors:
Salvatore De Rinaldis Innovation Dpt.
Luca Davide Inglese LNG Dpt.
LNG
INTRODUCTION
LNG Regasification
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Recover Energy – Reduce Emissions
Possible Carbon Tax would further increase the costs for power consumption
assessed several HELE alternatives, with various flow diagrams now available
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Energy Recovery Performances
-100
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Technologies Overview
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Direct Expansion: Concepts & References
UNBALANCE:
Heat/power ratio of LNG line: 8÷10
Heat/power ratio of Cogenerator: 1÷3
Zeebrugge plant scheme
Gas Turbines
Solar: Gas Turbines
GE: PGT16
(Alternative: PGT25)
Bergen: Internal
combustion Engine
(Other Vendors: GE
Jenbacher, Wartsila)
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Gas Cycles: Concepts
GAS CYCLE: Brayton Cycle where the working fluid operates between a low
temperature boiler and a cold sink
References:
Japan, installations in
LNG terminals (80’s)
ORC often coupled
to other technologies
Negishi plant 14
Himeji Osaka gas
ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Organic Rankine Cycles: Main Components Feasibility
CRYOGENIC PUMPS:
Ebara, Nikkiso, JC Carter, Ruhrpumpen, Cryostar
Ebara: vertical in-pot pump
TURBINES :
• Radial inflow: L.A. Turbines, Cryostar, Atlas Copco
• Radial outflow: Exergy
• Axial: Ormat, Turboden
L.A. Turbines:
Radial inflow turbine 15
ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Organic Rankine Cycles: Single Level
SINGLE LEVEL
Pure fluid
Single condensation level
Plant complexity
recuperative
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ENERGY EFFICIENT LNG REGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Comparison Results
CO2: -2300 tons/yr CO2: -26000 tons/yr
LNG NG LNG NG
1.154 MTPA Direct 1.138 MTPA 1.154 MTPA 1.146 MTPA
Cogeneration
expansion
SCV SCV
FCS = -5% FCS = -58%
LNG NG LNG NG
1.154 MTPA Gas 1.143 MTPA 1.154 MTPA ORC Organic 1.154 MTPA
Cycle Rankine Cycle
SCV ORV (SCV)
FCS = -43% FCS = -100%
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COST AND PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
Technology Economic Comparison
CAPEX Total Life Cost
200 200
150 150
100 100
50
50
0
0
I t a ly Po la n d Ma la ysi a India China
Cogen ORC Gas Cycle SCV ORV
15 Carbon Tax: 15
35 $/ton
10 10
5 5
0 0
I t a ly Po la n d Ma la ysi a I tI nadlyi a Po
Chlai n
nda Ma la ysi a India China
Cogen ORC Gas Cycle
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CONCLUSIONS
Saipem and POLIMI have analyzed various solutions to improve the energy
efficiency of Regasification Terminals
Several schemes are available to fit the needs of different plants, in terms of
size, location and constraints
These schemes, assessed with information from executed EPC projects and
referenced equipment manufacturers, are now available for a field application
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Thank you
www.saipem.com
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