In This Chapter
8
Features are the parametric building blocks of parts. By ■ Extruded features
■ Loft features
creating and adding features you define the shape of
■ Revolved features
your part. Because features are parametric, any changes
■ Face splits
updated.
121
Key Terms
Term Definition
base feature The first feature you create. As the basic element of your part, it represents its
simplest shape. All geometry you create for a part depends on the base feature.
Boolean modeling A solid modeling technique in which two solids are combined to form one
resulting solid. Boolean operations include cut, join, and intersect. Cut subtracts
the volume of one solid from the other. Join unites two solid volumes. Intersect
leaves only the volume shared by the two solids.
consumed sketch A sketch used in a feature, for example, an extruded profile sketch. The sketch is
consumed when the feature is created.
cubic loft A feature created by a gradual blending between two or more planar sections.
draft angle An angle applied parallel to the path of extruded, revolved, or swept surfaces or
parts. A draft angle is used to allow easy withdrawal from a mold or easy insertion
into a mated part.
feature An element of a parametric part model. You can create extruded features,
revolved features, loft features, and swept features using profiles and paths. You
can also create placed features like holes, chamfers, and fillets. You combine
features to create complete parametric part models.
helical sweep A geometric feature defined by the volume from moving a profile along a 3D
path about a work axis.
linear loft A feature created by a linear transition between two planar sections.
lofted feature A parametric shape created from a series of sketches defining the cross-sectional
shape of the feature at each section.
sketch plane A temporary drawing surface that corresponds to a real plane on a feature. It is an
infinite plane with both X and Y axes on which you sketch or place a feature.
sketched feature A three-dimensional solid whose shape is defined by constrained sketches and
located parametrically on a part. Sketched features are extrudes, lofts, revolves,
sweeps, or face splits.
sweep A geometric sketch feature defined by the volume from moving a profile along a
path.
swept profile A special parametric sketch used to create a swept feature from the cross section
of a profile.
NOTE Back up the tutorial drawing files so you still have the original files if you
make a mistake. See “Backing up Tutorial Drawing Files” on page 40.
To activate a part
Browser Double-click EXTRUDE_1.
Click the plus sign in front of EXTRUDE_1 to expand the
hierarchy.
NOTE Because most of the parts do not contain features yet, you cannot use
the toolbutton, menu, or command methods to make the part instances
invisible.
The parametric dimensions and work features for each part are now visible.
Next, you create and constrain another profile, and extrude it to cut material
from the base feature.
Before you extrude the profile, fully constrain it by adding four dimensional
constraints.
To constrain a sketch
1 Use AMPARDIM to add parametric dimensions to fully constrain the sketch,
responding to the prompts.
Context Menu In the graphics area, right-click and choose Dimensioning
➤ New Dimension.
Select first object: Specify the top edge (1)
Select second object or place dimension: Place the dimension (2)
Enter dimension value or [Undo/Hor/Ver/Align/Par/aNgle/Ord/Diameter/pLace]
<0.1574>: Enter .16
Solved underconstrained sketch requiring 3 dimensions or constraints.
Select first object: Specify the top edge again (1)
Select second object or place dimension: Specify the top arc (3)
Specify dimension placement: Place the dimension (4)
Enter dimension value or [Undo/Hor/Ver/Align/Par/aNgle/Ord/Diameter/pLace]
<0.0730>: Enter .08
Solved underconstrained sketch requiring 2 dimensions or constraints.
2
4
3
1
9
8 7 5 6
NOTE For clarity, the parametric dimensions controlling Profile1 are not
shown.
Now that the profile is fully constrained, you extrude it into the base feature
to cut material from your part.
3 Choose OK to exit the Extrusion dialog box, then continue on the command
line.
Select object: Select the 0.5 dimension (1)
Enter new value for dimension <.5>: Enter 1
Solved fully constrained sketch.
Select object: Select the 0.25 dimension (2)
Enter new value for dimension <.25>: Enter .5
Solved fully constrained sketch.
Select object: Press ENTER
NOTE For clarity, the taper and depth dimensions are not illustrated.
The part now reflects the changes to the profile that controls the shape of the
extrusion you used to cut material from the part.
Next, modify the extrusion feature to change the depth of the cut.
To modify a feature
1 Select the cut extrusion to modify, responding to the prompt.
Context Menu In the graphics area, right-click and choose Edit Features
➤ Edit.
Enter an option [Sketch/surfCut/Toolbody/select Feature] <select Feature>:
Press ENTER, and select the cut extrusion
Enter an option [Next/Accept] <Accept>: Press ENTER
2 In the Extrusion dialog box, specify a distance of .15 and Choose OK.
3 Continue on the command line.
Select object: Press ENTER
You solve the sketch to create an open profile, and apply parametric con-
straints and dimensions as with any other profile sketch.
Like other features, the rib feature can be edited and it has dependencies. If
you delete something in your model that a rib feature depends upon, such as
a face that a profile plane is based on, you delete the rib feature as well.
Choose OK.
6 Use 3DORBIT to rotate your part so you can see the rib feature.
For more information about sketching open profiles, see “Creating Open Profile
Sketches” on page 46.
Choose OK.
Select work plane, planar face or [worldXy/worldYz/worldZx/Ucs]:
Select the back face of the shell
Enter an option [Next/Accept] <Accept>: Press ENTER
Enter an option [Flip/Accept] <Accept>:
Flip to point arrow to back face, or press ENTER
Select edge to align X axis or [Flip/Rotate/Origin] <Accept>: Press ENTER
1 2
NOTE Turn OSNAP off so that you will not snap to the back face when you pick.
A thin wall is created with equal thickness on each side of the profile. In the
Browser, an icon is displayed for the thin extrusion.
NOTE When you extrude an open profile, the Extrusion dialog box contains
options for defining a thin feature.
Save your file with a new name so you can use the same shell part for the next
exercise.
Choose OK.
2 Respond to the prompts:
Select work axis, straight edge or [worldX/worldY/worldZ]:
Select the top edge of the shell
Select work plane, planar face or [worldXy/worldYz/worldZx/Ucs]:
Select the front face of the shell and press ENTER
Select edge to align X axis or [Flip/Rotate/Origin] <Accept>: Press ENTER
NOTE Verify that CMDDIA is set to 1 so that the Text Sketch dialog box will be
displayed. On the command line, enter CMDDIA, then enter 1.
Choose OK.
4 Define a location for the text sketch with a rotation angle of 15, responding
to the prompts.
Specify first corner: Specify a point in the lower left corner of the shell
Specify opposite corner or [Height/Rotation]: Enter r and press ENTER
Specify second angle endpoint or [Direction] <0>:
Move the cursor to the right and specify a rotation angle of 15
Hold the cursor in one location momentarily to display the angle dimension.
Choose OK.
6 Use 3DORBIT to rotate your part so you can see the emboss feature.
Toolbutton
Your part should look like this.
To activate a part
1 Make LOFT1_1 visible.
Browser Right-click LOFT1_1 and choose Visible.
NOTE Because LOFT1_1 does not contain any features, you cannot use the
toolbutton, menu, or command methods to make it visible.
2 Activate LOFT1_1.
Browser Right-click LOFT1_1 and choose Activate Part
2 Zoom in to LOFT1_1.
Desktop Menu View ➤ Zoom ➤ All
The LOFT1 part contains two planar sections you use to create a linear lofted
feature.
For a better view of the loft, increase the number of isolines defining the
feature.
NOTE A higher value for ISOLINES increases the time it takes to recalculate a
part. In general, keep ISOLINES at its default value (4).
5 Select the profiles to use for the cubic loft, following the prompts, and join
the loft to the existing extrusion.
Context Menu In the graphics area, right-click and choose Sketched &
Work Features ➤ Loft.
Select profiles or planar faces to loft: Select the front planar face (1)
Enter an option [Accept/Next] <Accept>:
Highlight the front face and press ENTER
Select profiles or planar faces to loft: Select the first profile (2)
Select profiles or planar faces to loft or [Redefine sections]:
Select the second profile (3)
Select profiles or planar faces to loft or [Redefine sections]: Press ENTER
1
2
3
work axis
work plane
split line
3
1
2
Now split the front face using the split line sketch.
If you use the Browser method, the prompts are not displayed.
To create a 2D sweep
1 Make SWEEP1_1 visible.
2 Activate SWEEP1_1.
3 Make FSPLIT_1 invisible.
4 Zoom in to SWEEP1_1.
SWEEP1_1 contains a solved profile constrained to the start of a 2D path.
NOTE For clarity, the parametric dimensions and the work point are not shown.
NOTE Increase the value of ISOLINES for a more accurate display of the sweep.
■ A helical path
■ A spiral path
■ A path defined by a 3D spline
■ A path created from filleted 3D polylines and lines
■ A path created from existing part edges
For more information about creating 3D paths, see chapter 6, “Creating Para-
metric Sketches.”
First, create a 3D helical sweep.
The bend is completed, and an icon for the bend feature is displayed in the
Browser. Save your file.