Bitnami WordPress Installer

3/29/2018 Bitnami WordPress Installer
Bitnami Documentation Pages (/) > Windows / Linux / MacOS (/installer/) >
Application Stacks (/installer/apps/) > WordPress (/installer/apps/wordpress/)
Bitnami WordPress Installer
NOTE: Before running the commands shown on this page, you should load the Bitnami
stack environment by executing the installdir/use_APPNAME script (Linux and Mac OS
X) or by clicking the shortcut in the Start Menu under "Start -> Bitnami APPNAME
Stack -> Application console" (Windows). Learn more
(/installer/components/bnconsole).
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NOTE: When running the commands shown on this page, replace the installdir
placeholder with the full installation directory for your Bitnami stack.
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Description
Wordpress is the world's most popular blogging and content management platform.
Powerful yet simple, everyone from students to global corporations use it to build beautiful,
functional websites.
https://docs.bitnami.com/installer/apps/wordpress/#first_steps 1/64
Try the OS X VM for Mac (https://bitnami.com/stack/wordpress/installer#osx) (beta

version). This new product makes it really easy to run this application on your Mac with
just a few clicks. No VirtualBox needed! Find here (/installer/get-started-osx-vm/)
further information on this.
First Steps With The Bitnami WordPress Stack

Welcome to your new Bitnami application! Here are a few questions (and answers!) you
might need when first starting with your application.
What Are The System Requirements?

Before you download and install your application, check that your system meets these
requirements (/installer/faq#what-are-the-system-requirements-for-native-installers).
How Do I Install The Bitnami WordPress Stack?

Windows, OS X and Linux installer
Download the executable file for the Bitnami WordPress Stack from the Bitnami
website (https://bitnami.com/stacks).
Run the downloaded file:

On Linux, give the installer executable permissions and run the installation file
in the console.
On other platforms, double-click the installer and follow the instructions shown.
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Check the FAQ instructions on how to download and install a Bitnami Stack
(/installer/faq#how-to-download-and-install-a-bitnami-stack) for more details.
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The application will be installed to the following default directories:
Operating System Directory
Windows C:\Bitnami\APPNAME-VERSION
Mac OS X /Applications/APPNAME-VERSION
Linux /opt/APPNAME-VERSION (running as root user)
OS X VM
Download the OS X VM file for the Bitnami WordPress Stack from the Bitnami
website (https://bitnami.com/stacks).
Begin the installation process by double-clicking the image file and dragging the
WordPress OS X VM icon to the Applications folder.
Launch the VM by double-clicking the icon in the Applications folder.
What Credentials Do I Need?

You need application credentials, consisting of a username and password. These
credentials allow you to log in to your new Bitnami application.
What Is The Administrator Username Set For Me To Log In To The

Application For The First Time?
For Windows, Linux and OS X installers, the username was configured by you when
you first installed the application.
For OS X VMs, the username can be obtained by clicking the Bitnami badge at the
bottom right corner of the application welcome page.
What Is The Administrator Password?

For Windows, Linux and OS X installers, the password was configured by you when
you first installed the application.
For OS X VMs, the password can be obtained by clicking the Bitnami badge at the
bottom right corner of the application welcome page.
How To Start Or Stop The Services?
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Linux
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Bitnami native installers include a graphical tool to manage services. This tool is named
manager-linux-x64.run on Linux and is located in the installation directory. To use this tool,
double-click the file and then use the graphical interface to start, stop or restart services.
Server log messages can be checked in the "Server Events" tab.
(/images/img/platforms/installer/manager-linux-2a7638cb.png)
The native installer also includes a command-line script to start, stop and restart
applications, named ctlscript.sh. This script can be found in the installation directory and
accepts the options start, stop, restart, and status. To use it, log in to the server console
and execute it following the examples below:
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Call it without any service names to start all services:
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Note: Only use sudo if the stack was installed as root. Remember to load the
Bitnami stack environment (instructions) before running the commands below.
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh start
Use it to restart a specific service only by passing the service name as argument - for
example, mysql, postgresql or apache:
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart mysql

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart postgresql
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart apache
Obtain current status of all services:
$ installdir/ctlscript.sh status
The list of available services varies depending on the required components for each
application.
Mac OS X
manager-osx on Mac OS X and is located in the installation directory. To use this tool,
double-click the file and then use the graphical interface to start, stop or restart services.
Server log messages can be checked in the "Server Events" tab.
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(/images/img/platforms/installer/manager-osx-b9ade46e.png)
The native installer also includes a command-line script to start, stop and restart
applications, named ctlscript.sh. This script can be found in the installation directory and
accepts the options start, stop, restart, and status. To use it, log in to the server console
and execute it following the examples below:
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Call it without any service names to start all services:
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Use it to restart a specific service only by passing the service name as argument - for
example, mysql or apache:

Obtain current status of all services:
$ installdir/ctlscript.sh status
The list of available services varies depending on the required components for each
application.
NOTE: If you are using the stack manager for Mac OS X-VM, please check the
following blog post (https://engineering.bitnami.com/articles/redmine-vm-for-mac-tell-
us-what-you-think.html) to learn how to manage services from its graphical tool.
Windows
manager-windows.exe on Windows and is located in the installation directory. To use this
tool, double-click the file and then use the graphical interface to start, stop or restart
services. Server log messages can be checked in the "Server Events" tab.
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(/images/img/platforms/installer/manager-windows-c681d38a.png)
The Windows native installer creates shortcuts to start and stop services created in the
Start Menu, under "Programs -> Bitnami APPNAME Stack -> Bitnami Service". Servers
can also be managed from the Windows "Services" control panel. Services are named
using the format APPNAMESERVICENAME, where APPNAME is a placeholder for the
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application name and SERVICENAME is a placeholder for the service name. For example,
the native installer for the Bitnami WordPress Stack installs services named
wordpressApache and wordpressMySQL.
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These services will be automatically started during boot. To modify this behaviour, refer to
the section on disabling services on Windows (/installer/windows-
faq#disable_autostart_windows).
How To Change The WordPress Domain Name?

If you are using WordPress v3.3.1-5 or higher, only specify your domain name in the
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php file. Edit and replace the following lines as
shown, remembering to replace the DOMAIN placeholder with the actual domain name
you wish to use:
define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/');

define('WP_HOME', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/');
with
define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://DOMAIN/');
define('WP_HOME', 'http://DOMAIN/');
NOTE: Your domain name should be correctly propagated for this to work. You can
verify the new DNS record by using the Global DNS Propagation Checker
(https://www.whatsmydns.net/) and entering your domain name into the search field.
How To Change The Interface Language?

Bitnami WordPress has already installed English and Spanish translations currently. To
change the WordPress language, follow the steps below:
Change Language Using The WordPress Administration Panel

If the language you wish to use is already available in WordPress, follow these steps:
Log in to the WordPress administration panel.
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Click on the "Settings -> General" tab located in the menu on the left.
Scroll down until "Site Language" and select the one you prefer and click ."Save
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Changes".
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-change-language-6ddea42b.png)
Change Language Manually

If the language you wish to use is not available in WordPress, you must first install the
necessary translation files:
Download the translation files for your language from

http://codex.wordpress.org/WordPress_in_Your_Language
(http://codex.wordpress.org/WordPress_in_Your_Language)
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Once you have downloaded the files, copy the .po and .mo files into the
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/languages directory. If this directory
does not exist, create it manually as follows:
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$ sudo mkdir installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/languages
Click on the "Settings -> General" tab located in the menu on the left.
Scroll down until "Site Language". The newly-installed language should now appear
in the list. Select it and click "Save Changes".
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-change-language-6ddea42b.png)
Restart the web server using these instructions.
How To Access The Administration Panel?
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Access the administration panel by browsing to http://localhost/wp-admin/.
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How To Reset The WordPress Admin Password
From The Command Line?
Use the command below to reset the administrator password from the command line.
Remember to replace the NEWPASSWORD placeholder with your desired password.
$ mysql -u root -p bitnami_wordpress -e "UPDATE wp_users SET user_pass=MD5('NE

WPASSWORD') WHERE ID='1';"
How To Disable The WordPress Cron Script?

The wp-cron.php script will run once a user visits your site. If you get a lot of traffic, this
could be a problem. This cron task is really necessary when you make updates in the blog.
You can move this cron script to a system cron task to help lower resource usage on the
server.
Disable the wp-cron.php script in the installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php file.

The location is important - add the line below just before the database settings:
define('DISABLE_WP_CRON', true);
Then, add the cron task to the system. For example, this cron task will run the wp-cron.php
process every hour. You can add it using the following command:
$ sudo crontab -e
0 * * * * su daemon -s /bin/sh -c "cd installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/; inst
alldir/php/bin/php -q wp-cron.php"
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How To Enable Multi-Site Support?
Use the Bitnami WordPress Multisite Stack (http://bitnami.com/stack/wordpress-multisite).
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How To Configure Outbound Email Settings?

You can install or enable the "WP Mail SMTP" plugin from the WordPress administration
page. Follow these steps to activate this plugin.

Navigate to "Plugins" and click the "Activate" option for the "WP-Mail-SMTP" plugin.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-smtp1-fbb046d4.png)
Go to the "Settings -> WP Mail SMTP" panel and the "Settings" tab to configure the 
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SMTP settings of your email provider. Select "Other SMTP" as the mailer.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-smtp2-d5d5ba42.png)
Here is an example of configuring WordPress to use a Gmail account. Replace

USERNAME and PASSWORD with your Gmail account username and password
respectively.
SMTP Host: smtp.gmail.com
SMTP Port: 587
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Encryption: Use TLS encryption.
Authentication: On
SMTP Username: USERNAME@gmail.com
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SMTP Password: PASSWORD
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-smtp3-304121a5.png)
If you are using a different provider, remember to replace these values with the valid
data for your SMTP provider.
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Click "Save Settings" to save the changes.
Send a test email using the "Email Test" tab to ensure that everything is working
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smoothly.
To configure the application to use other third-party SMTP services for outgoing email,
such as SendGrid or Mandrill, refer to the FAQ (/installer/faq#use_external_smtp_title).
Troubleshooting Gmail SMTP Issues

If you are using Gmail as the outbound email server and you are not able to send email
correctly, Google may be blocking sign-in attempts from your apps or devices. Depending
on whether or not you use Google Apps, the steps to correct this will differ.
For Google Apps users

If you are a Google Apps user, you will need your administrator to allow users to change
the policy for less secure apps. If you are a Google Apps administrator, follow these steps:
Browse to the Google Apps administration panel (http://admin.google.com).
Click on "Security" and then "Basic settings".
Look for the section "Less secure apps" and then click on "Go to settings for less
secure apps".
Select "Allow users to manage their access to less secure apps".
For other Google users

If you do not use Google Apps, follow the steps in the following sections, depending on
whether 2-step verification has been enabled on the account or not.
If 2-step verification has not been enabled on the account, follow these steps:
Browse to the "Less secure apps" page

(http://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps) and log in using the
account you are having problems with. This option is typically required by many
popular email clients, such as Outlook and Thunderbird, and should not be
considered unsafe.
Select the "Turn on" option.
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(/images/img/apps/common/google-security-a7ea177d.png)
If 2-step verification has been enabled on the account, you have to generate an app
password. Follow these steps:
Browse to the "App passwords" page

(https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords).
Click "Select app" and choose the app you're using.
Click "Select device" and choose the device you're using.
Click the "Generate" button.
Enter the app password on your device.
Click the "Done" button.
Here are other options you may try:
Browse to the web version of Gmail (https://mail.google.com/) and sign in to your

account. Once you're signed in, try to enable access for the application again.
Browse to the "Unlock Captcha" function page

(https://www.google.com/accounts/DisplayUnlockCaptcha) and sign in with your
Gmail username and password.
Disable IMAP from the Gmail web server interface and enable it again.
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(/images/img/apps/common/google-imap-92233f17.png)
How To Install A Plugin On WordPress?

You can install any plugin or theme from the WordPress administration panel.
Browse to the "Plugins -> Install Plugins" menu item and then click the "Add New"
button to search for plugins.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-install-plugins-1-125c60b5.png)
Once you find a plugin, click the "Install Now" button to download and install it.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-install-plugins-2-ecd6181d.png)
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Once the plugin is installed, activate it from the "Install Plugins" page. You can also
deactivate it later if you wish.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-install-plugins-3-a7a770d9.png)
When using the native installer, it is necessary to install a FTP server and specify your FTP
credentials.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-ftp-2b047ed1.png)
For more information about installing and managing plugins, such as Full API Access, refer
to the WordPress documentation (https://codex.wordpress.org/Managing_Plugins).
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How To Install The All-In-One WP Migration Plugin?
The following steps assume that
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You are using the Bitnami WordPress Stack (not the WordPress Multisite) and
You are able to log in to the WordPress dashboard by visiting http://localhost/wp-
admin.php.
Follow these steps:
Log in to your WordPress dashboard.

Select the "Plugins -> Installed Plugins" option.
Find the plugin named "All-in-One WP Migration" and select "Activate" to activate it.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-allinone-1-4b4f196c.png)
NOTE: If you are using a version of the Bitnami WordPress Stack lower than
v4.0, the "All-in-One WP Migration" plugin is not pre-installed. You must manually
install the plugin first following these instructions.
The plugin will now be installed.
How To Install WP-DBManager?

If you install WP-DBManager you will need to create the
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/backup-db directory. To do it, you must
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connect to your machine through SSH, and run this command:
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$ mkdir installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/backup-db
Once you have done it, you must add the htaccess example provided by the plugin into the
htaccess.conf file and you must create an empty .htaccess file in the backup-db directory
to pass the plugin checks. To do it, run the commands below:
$ echo '<Directory "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/backup-db">' >

> installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/htaccess.conf
$ cat installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/plugins/wp-dbmanager/htacces
s.txt >> installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/htaccess.conf
$ echo '</Directory>' >> installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/htaccess.conf
$ touch installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/backup-db/.htaccess
Finally, once you activate the plugin in your WordPress dashboard, you must ensure that in
the plugin DB Option the mysql and mysqldump paths are correct. For example, use the
paths installdir/mysql/bin/mysql and installdir/mysql/bin/mysqldump.
How To Install The Accelerated Mobile Pages

(AMP) Plugin In WordPress?
Install the Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) plugin via the WordPress dashboard and run a
scan of your WordPress installation, as follows:

Select the "Plugins -> Add New" option.
Type "amp" in the search box.
Install the "AMP" plugin by clicking the "Install Now" button.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-amp-1-d784a71c.png)
Click the "Activate plugin" link.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-amp-2-1b87c553.png)
You can verify that the plugin is working by adding /amp prefix to any WordPress post
URL, as shown below:
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-amp-3-7c5c51f7.png)
Read more about the Accelerated Mobile Pages project (https://www.ampproject.org/).
NOTE: As of this writing, the AMP plugin only works for WordPress posts and not
pages.
How To Enable CORS In WordPress?
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Edit the WordPress configuration file for Apache (installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/httpd-
app.conf) and add the following line inside the Directory directive
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...
<Directory installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/>
...
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
...
</Directory>
Enable other methods or headers for other directories (e.g

installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-admin):
...
<Directory installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-admin>
...
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "\*"
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET, OPTIONS, POST"
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers "origin, x-requested-with, content-typ
e, accept"
...
</Directory>
If the request is an OPTIONS request, the script exits with either access control headers
sent, or a 403 response if the origin is not allowed. By default, only the server where the
application is hosted is allowed (see installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-
includes/http.php). For other request methods, you will receive a return value.
How To Enable Installed Plugins?

Bitnami WordPress Stack comes with the following plugins preinstalled but disabled:
Akismet
All in One Seo Pack
All in One WP Migration
Google Analytics for WordPress
Jetpack
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Simple tags
WordPress MU Domain Mapping
WP Mail STMP
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Bitnami WordPress Stack v4.5.1-0 removed several plugins, such as "Contact Form", "WP
Touch" and "Google XML Sitemaps". The functionality previously provided by those plugins
is now included in the Jetpack plugin in form of switchable features.
All the installed plugins are disabled by default. To enable them follow the instructions
below:
Log in to the WordPress dashboard.

Browse to the "Plugins" menu item.
Look for the plugin you want to activate and click the "Activate" link that appears
below the plugin name.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-enable-plugins-1-30aeb3ac.png)
To enable several plugins at once, follow the instructions below:
Select the checkboxes of the plugins to be enabled.

Click the dropdown that says "Bulk Actions", select "Activate" and click on the "Apply"
button next to the dropdown.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-enable-plugins-2-00f4d8a1.png)
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How To Create A Full Backup Of WordPress?
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backup is to copy or compress the Bitnami stack installation directory. To do so in a safe
manner, you will need to stop all servers, so this method may not be appropriate if you
have people accessing the application continuously.
NOTE: If you want to create only a database backup, refer to these instructions for
MySQL (/installer/components/mysql#how-to-create-a-database-backup) and
PostgreSQL (/installer/components/postgresql#how-to-create-a-database-backup).
Backup On Linux And Mac OS X
Follow these steps:
Change to the directory in which you wish to save your backup.
$ cd /your/directory
Stop all servers.
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh stop
Create a compressed file with the stack contents.
$ sudo tar -pczvf application-backup.tar.gz installdir
Start all servers.
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Bitnami stack environment (instructions) before running the commands below. 
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Download or transfer the application-backup.tar.gz file to a safe location.
You should now download or transfer the application-backup.tar.gz file to a safe location.
Backup On Windows
Follow these steps:
Stop all servers using the shortcuts in the Start Menu or the graphical manager tool.
Create a compressed file with the stack contents. You can use a graphical tool like 7-
Zip or WinZip or just right-click the folder, click "Send to", and select the
"Compressed (zipped) folder" option.
Download or transfer the compressed file to a safe location.
Start all servers using the shortcuts in the Start Menu or the graphical manager tool.
Restore On Linux And Mac OS X

Follow these steps:
Change to the directory containing your backup:
Stop all servers.
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh stop
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Move the current stack to a different location:
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$ sudo mv installdir /tmp/bitnami-backup
Uncompress the backup file to the original directory:
$ sudo tar -pxzvf application-backup.tar.gz -C /
Start all servers.
IMPORTANT: When restoring, remember to maintain the original permissions for the
files and folders. For example, if you originally installed the stack as the root user on
Linux, make sure that the restored files are owned by root as well.
Restore On Windows
Change to the directory containing your backup:
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Stop all servers using the shortcuts in the Start Menu or the graphical manager tool.
Uninstall the previous services by executing the following command: 

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$ serviceinstall.bat
Create a safe folder named Backups in the desktop and move the current stack to it.
Remember to replace PATH with the right location of your folder:
$ move installdir \PATH\Backups
Uncompress the backup file using a tool like 7-Zip or Winzip or just double-click the
.zip file to uncompress it, and move it to the original directory.
Install services by running the following commands from an elevated command
prompt:
$ cd installdir
$ serviceinstall.bat INSTALL
Start all servers using the shortcuts in the Start Menu or the graphical manager tool.
How To Upgrade WordPress?

It is strongly recommended to create a backup before starting the update process. If you
have important data, create and try to restore a backup to ensure that everything works
properly.
You can update WordPress easily from its administration panel, as follows:
Log in to WordPress using the administrator account.
Select the "Dashboard -> Updates" menu item.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-upgrade-1-bc5b77db.png)
Review the resulting page to see if WordPress needs an update. If an update is

available, you can install it by clicking the "Update Now" button.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-upgrade-2-24312e77.png)
How To Enable HTTPS Support With SSL

Certificates?
NOTE: The steps below assume that you are using a custom domain name and that
you have already configured the custom domain name to point to your cloud server.
Bitnami images come with SSL support already pre-configured and with a dummy
certificate in place. Although this dummy certificate is fine for testing and development
purposes, you will usually want to use a valid SSL certificate for production use. You can
either generate this on your own (explained here) or you can purchase one from a
commercial certificate authority.
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Once you obtain the certificate and certificate key files, you will need to update your server
to use them. Follow these steps to activate SSL support:
Use the table below to identify the correct locations for your certificate and 
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configuration files.
Variable Value
Current application URL https://[custom-domain]/
Example: https://my-domain.com/ or https://my-

domain.com/appname
Apache configuration file installdir/apache2/conf/bitnami/bitnami.conf
Variable Value
Certificate file installdir/apache2/conf/server.crt
Certificate key file installdir/apache2/conf/server.key
CA certificate bundle file

installdir/apache2/conf/server-ca.crt
(if present)
Copy your SSL certificate and certificate key file to the specified locations.
NOTE: If you use different names for your certificate and key files, you should
reconfigure the SSLCertificateFile and SSLCertificateKeyFile directives in the
corresponding Apache configuration file to reflect the correct file names.
If your certificate authority has also provided you with a PEM-encoded Certificate
Authority (CA) bundle, you must copy it to the correct location in the previous table.
Then, modify the Apache configuration file to include the following line below the
SSLCertificateKeyFile directive. Choose the correct directive based on your scenario
and Apache version:
Variable Value
Apache configuration file installdir/apache2/conf/bitnami/bitnami.conf
Directive to include (Apache SSLCACertificateFile

v2.4.8+) "installdir/apache2/conf/server-ca.crt"
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Directive to include (Apache SSLCertificateChainFile
< v2.4.8) "installdir/apache2/conf/server-ca.crt"
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NOTE: If you use a different name for your CA certificate bundle, you should
reconfigure the SSLCertificateChainFile or SSLCACertificateFile directives in the
corresponding Apache configuration file to reflect the correct file name.
Once you have copied all the server certificate files, you may make them readable by
the root user only with the following commands:
$ sudo chown root:root installdir/apache2/conf/server*

$ sudo chmod 600 installdir/apache2/conf/server*
Open port 443 in the server firewall. Refer to the FAQ (/installer/faq#how-to-open-
the-server-ports-for-remote-access) for more information.
Restart the Apache server.
You should now be able to access your application using an HTTPS URL.
How To Create An SSL Certificate?

OpenSSL is required to create an SSL certificate. A certificate request can then be sent to
a certificate authority (CA) to get it signed into a certificate, or if you have your own
certificate authority, you may sign it yourself, or you can use a self-signed certificate
(because you just want a test certificate or because you are setting up your own CA).
Follow the steps below for your platform.
Linux And Mac OS X
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NOTE: OpenSSL will typically already be installed on Linux and Mac OS X. If not
installed, install it manually using your operating system's package manager.
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Follow the steps below:
Generate a new private key:
$ sudo openssl genrsa -out installdir/apache2/conf/server.key 2048
Create a certificate:
$ sudo openssl req -new -key installdir/apache2/conf/server.key -out inst

alldir/apache2/conf/cert.csr
IMPORTANT: Enter the server domain name when the above command asks for
the "Common Name".
Send cert.csr to the certificate authority. When the certificate authority completes
their checks (and probably received payment from you), they will hand over your new
certificate to you.
Until the certificate is received, create a temporary self-signed certificate:
$ sudo openssl x509 -in installdir/apache2/conf/cert.csr -out installdir/

apache2/conf/server.crt -req -signkey installdir/apache2/conf/server.key
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-days 365
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Back up your private key in a safe location after generating a password-protected
version as follows:
$ sudo openssl rsa -des3 -in installdir/apache2/conf/server.key -out priv

key.pem
Note that if you use this encrypted key in the Apache configuration file, it will be
necessary to enter the password manually every time Apache starts. Regenerate the
key without password protection from this file as follows:
$ sudo openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -out installdir/apache2/conf/server.ke

y
Windows
NOTE: OpenSSL is not typically installed on Windows. Before following the steps
below, download and install a binary distribution of OpenSSL
(https://wiki.openssl.org/index.php/Binaries).
Follow the steps below once OpenSSL is installed:
Set the OPENSSL_CONF environment variable to the location of your OpenSSL

configuration file. Typically, this file is located in the bin/ subdirectory of your
OpenSSL installation directory. Replace the OPENSSL-DIRECTORY placeholder in
the command below with the correct location.
$ set OPENSSL_CONF=C:\OPENSSL-DIRECTORY\bin\openssl.cfg
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Change to the bin/ sub-directory of the OpenSSL installation directory. Replace the
OPENSSL-DIRECTORY placeholder in the command below with the correct location. 
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$ cd C:\OPENSSL-DIRECTORY\bin
Generate a new private key:
$ openssl genrsa -out installdir/apache2/conf/server.key 2048
Create a certificate:
$ openssl req -new -key installdir/apache2/conf/server.key -out installdi

r/apache2/conf/cert.csr
IMPORTANT: Enter the server domain name when the above command asks for
the "Common Name".
Send cert.csr to the certificate authority. When the certificate authority completes
their checks (and probably received payment from you), they will hand over your new
certificate to you.
Until the certificate is received, create a temporary self-signed certificate:
$ openssl x509 -in installdir/apache2/conf/cert.csr -out installdir/apach

e2/conf/server.crt -req -signkey installdir/apache2/conf/server.key -days
365
Back up your private key in a safe location after generating a password-protected

version as follows:
$ openssl rsa -des3 -in installdir/apache2/conf/server.key -out privkey.p

em
Note that if you use this encrypted key in the Apache configuration file, it will be
necessary to enter the password manually every time Apache starts. Regenerate the
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key without password protection from this file as follows:
$ openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -out installdir/apache2/conf/server.key

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Find more information about certificates at http://www.openssl.org

(http://www.openssl.org).
How To Force HTTPS Redirection?

Add the following to the top of the installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/httpd-prefix.conf file:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
RewriteRule ^/(.*) https://%{SERVER_NAME}/$1 [R,L]
After modifying the Apache configuration files:
Open port 443 in the server firewall. Refer to the FAQ (/installer/faq#how-to-open-
the-server-ports-for-remote-access) for more information.
Restart Apache to apply the changes.
How To Debug Apache Errors?

Once Apache starts, it will create two log files at installdir/apache2/logs/access_log and
installdir/apache2/logs/error_log respectively.
The access_log file is used to track client requests. When a client requests a
document from the server, Apache records several parameters associated with the
request in this file, such as: the IP address of the client, the document requested, the
HTTP status code, and the current time.
The error_log file is used to record important events. This file includes error
messages, startup messages, and any other significant events in the life cycle of the
server. This is the first place to look when you run into a problem when using
Apache.
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If no error is found, you will see a message similar to:
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Updating The IP Address Or Hostname

WordPress requires updating the IP address/domain name if the machine IP
address/domain name changes. The bnconfig tool also has an option which updates the IP
address, called --machine_hostname (use --help to check if that option is available for your
application). Note that this tool changes the URL to http://NEW_DOMAIN/wordpress.
$ sudo installdir/apps/wordpress/bnconfig --machine_hostname NEW_DOMAIN
If you have configured your machine to use a static domain name or IP address, you
should rename or remove the installdir/apps/wordpress/bnconfig file.
$ sudo mv installdir/apps/wordpress/bnconfig installdir/apps/wordpress/bnconfi

g.disabled
NOTE: Be sure that your domain is propagated. Otherwise, this will not work. You can
verify the new DNS record by using the Global DNS Propagation Checker
(https://www.whatsmydns.net/) and entering your domain name into the search field.
You can also change your hostname by modifying it in your hosts file. Enter the new
hostname using your preferred editor.
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$ sudo nano /etc/hosts
Add a new line with the IP address and the new hostname. Here's an example.
Remember to replace the IP-ADDRESS and DOMAIN placeholders with the correct
IP address and domain name.
IP-ADDRESS DOMAIN
How To Find The Database Credentials?

Database username: root.
Database password: The password entered during the installation process.
How To Connect To The MySQL Database?

You can connect to the MySQL database from the same computer where it is installed with
the mysql client tool.
$ mysql -u root -p
You will be prompted to enter the root user password. This is the same as the application
password (/installer/faq#how-to-find-application-credentials).
How To Debug Errors In Your Database?

The main log file is created at installdir/mysql/data/mysqld.log on the MySQL database
server host.
How To Change The MySQL Root Password?

You can modify the MySQL password using the following command at the shell prompt.
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Replace the NEW_PASSWORD placeholder with the actual password you wish to set.
$ installdir/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -p -u root password NEW_PASSWORD 

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How To Reset The MySQL Root Password?

If you don't remember your MySQL root password, you can follow the steps below to reset
it to a new value:
Create a file in /home/bitnami/mysql-init with the content shown below (replace

NEW_PASSWORD with the password you wish to use):
UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('NEW_PASSWORD') WHERE User='roo

t';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
If your stack ships MySQL v5.7.x, use the following content instead of that shown
above:
UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD('NEW_PASSWORD') WHE

RE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
TIP: Check the MySQL version with the command

installdir/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --version or installdir/mysql/bin/mysqld --version.
Stop the MySQL server:
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh stop mysql
Start MySQL with the following command:
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Note: Only use sudo if the stack was installed as root. Remember to load the 
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$ sudo installdir/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --pid-file=installdir/mysql/data/

mysqld.pid --datadir=installdir/mysql/data --init-file=/home/bitnami/mysq
l-init 2> /dev/null &
Restart the MySQL server:
Remove the script:
$ rm /home/bitnami/mysql-init
How To Change The MySQL Root Password In

Windows?
You can modify the MySQL password using the following command at the shell prompt.
Replace the NEW_PASSWORD placeholder with the actual password you wish to set.
installdir\mysql\bin\mysqladmin.exe -p -u root password NEW_PASSWORD
How To Reset The MySQL Root Password In

Windows?
If you don't remember your MySQL root password, you can follow the steps below to reset
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it to a new value:
Stop the MySQL server using the graphic manager tool. Refer to the how to start or
stop the services section. 
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Check the MySQL version:
installdir\mysql\bin\mysqladmin.exe –version
Create a file named mysql-init.txt with the content shown below depending on your
MySQL version (replace NEW_PASSWORD with the password you wish to use):
MySQL 5.6.x or earlier:
UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('NEW_PASSWORD')

WHERE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MySQL 5.7.x or later:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEW_PASSWORD';
Start MySQL server with the following command. Remember to replace PATH with
the location in which you have saved the mysql-init.txt file:
installdir " installdir\mysql\bin\mysqld.exe" --defaults-file=" installd

ir\mysql\my.ini" --init-file="\PATH\mysql-init.txt" --console
The --init file option is used by the server for executing the content of the mysql-
init.txt file at startup, it will change each root account password.
The --defaults-file option is specified since you have installed MySQL using the
Bitnami installer.
The --console option (optional) has been added in order to show the server
output at the console window rather than in the log file.
After some minutes, hit Ctrl-C to force the shutdown.

Restart the MySQL server from the graphic manager tool.
After the server has restarted successfully, delete the mysql-init.txt file.
How To Access PhpMyAdmin?

You should be able to access phpMyAdmin directly, by browsing to
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http://127.0.0.1/phpmyadmin.
The username is root for phpMyAdmin, and the password is the one specified by you
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during the installation process.
How To Modify PHP Settings?

The PHP configuration file allows you to configure the modules enabled, the email settings
or the size of the upload files. It is located at installdir/php/etc/php.ini.
For example, to modify the default upload limit for PHP, update the PHP configuration file
following these instructions.
After modifying the PHP configuration file, restart both Apache and PHP-FPM for the
changes to take effect:

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart php-fpm
How To Modify The Allowed Limit For Uploaded

Files?
Modify the following options in the installdir/php/etc/php.ini file to increase the allowed size
for uploads:
; Maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept.

post_max_size = 16M
; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files.

upload_max_filesize = 16M
Restart PHP-FPM and Apache for the changes to take effect.
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Note: Only use sudo if the stack was installed as root. Remember to load the 
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$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart php-fpm
How To Enforce WordPress Security?

How To Detect Malicious Software On A WordPress Installation?
Install the Wordfence Security plugin via the WordPress dashboard and run a scan of your
WordPress installation, as follows:

Select the "Plugins -> Add New" option.
Type "wordfence" in the search box.
Install the "Wordfence Security" plugin by clicking the "Install Now" button.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-wordfence-1-b46d2ea1.png)
Click the "Activate plugin" link. A new entry should now appear in the left navigation
menu.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-wordfence-2-8301682d.png)
Click the "Wordfence" menu item and then the "Start a Wordfence Scan" option.
Wait until the scan ends.
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/wordpress-wordfence-3-0093bfc9.png)
How To Re-Enable The XML-RPC Pingback

Feature?
A pingback is a special type of comment that is created when you link to another blog post
and it is a functionality of the WordPress XML-RPC module.
IMPORTANT: Since the Bitnami WordPress Stack 4.4.2-3, the pingback feature in the
XML-RPC module has been disabled.
Other XML-RPC features continue working as before so you can still publish content in
your WordPress blog/website from Web clients or smartphone apps.
In order to enable it again, edit the WordPress configuration file (located at

installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php) and remove the last two filters related to
XML-RPC and pingback. Specifically these lines:
// remove x-pingback HTTP header

add_filter('wp_headers', function($headers) {
unset($headers['X-pingback']);
return $headers;
});
// disable pingbacks
add_filter( 'xmlrpc_methods', function( $methods ) {
unset( $methods['pingback.ping'] );
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return $methods;
});
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Why Is Pingback Functionality Disabled By Default?

WordPress implements an interface to use the XML-RPC protocol. This allows features
like remote publishing from Web clients, smartphone apps and more. You can find more
info in the WordPress Codex XML-RPC Page (https://codex.wordpress.org/XML-
RPC_Support).
The XML-RPC feature of WordPress is known to be susceptible to two types of attacks:
A brute force amplification attack on your WordPress installation. Read more about it
at this Sucuri blog post about DDoS attacks on WordPress
(https://blog.sucuri.net/2015/10/brute-force-amplification-attacks-against-wordpress-
xmlrpc.html).
A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack on other WordPress installations
abusing the pingback feature. Read more about it at this Sucuri blog post about
DDoS attacks on WordPress (https://blog.sucuri.net/2014/03/more-than-162000-
wordpress-sites-used-for-distributed-denial-of-service-attack.html).
If most of the entries in your logs come from the same IP address, it's likely your site is
either under a brute force amplification attack or being used to launch a pingback attack
towards a different site. If the entries come from different IP addresses, your site is
probably the victim of a pingback attack.
Please keep in mind that none of these attacks are related to a security issue, but are the
result of abusing pingbacks and the XML-RPC mechanism.
The DDoS attack became more popular after WordPress version 3.5 was released with the
pingback feature enabled by default.
Current countermeasures:
Since Bitnami WordPress Stack 4.4, the brute force amplification attack is no longer
exploitable, although a common brute force attack is still possible.
Since Bitnami WordPress Stack 4.4.2-3, the pingback feature has been disabled.
This means a malicious agent won't be able to use your WordPress to perform DDoS
attacks on other instances.
We also ship the Jetpack plugin, which can help protect a site against Brute Force
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attacks thanks to the Protect module. You can find more information at Jetpack
website (https://jetpack.com/support/security-features/). The plugin is inactive by
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default, you should enable it using the WordPress admin panel.
Even with these actions, you will still be vulnerable to common brute force attacks using
the XML-RPC module.
Apart from these, there are at least two more countermeasures you can apply, although
each one has their own drawbacks:
Enable mod_security: The mod_security Apache module supplies an array of request

filtering and other security features to the Apache HTTP server.
Disable XML-RPC: It will avoid both types of attacks but smartphone apps, remote
publishing and some plugins won't work. You can find more information at this blog
post about disabling XML-RPC in WordPress
(http://www.wpbeginner.com/plugins/how-to-disable-xml-rpc-in-wordpress/).
Block the offending IP addresses: This should be considered a fragile, short-term
solution.
Troubleshooting WordPress
I Cannot Access My WordPress Application
First, check that the URL is correct and the servers are running. If the server has recently
restarted, the domain name and IP address could have changed. Check in the server
administration panel that you are trying to access the correct URL.
To check if the servers are running, connect to the remote machines

(/installer/faq#connect_ssh) and run the following commands:
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh status

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart
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If the servers are not running, check the web and database servers log files.
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WordPress Cannot Load Images Or CSS
This usually happens when the server's IP address changes. WordPress saves the IP
address or the domain name in the database so if the IP address changes, it is necessary
to update the database as well.
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/issue-css-wordpress-e40e52f6.png)
Use the MySQL command-line client to change the exact field in the database:
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$ sudo mysql -u root -p -e "USE bitnami_wordpress; UPDATE wp_options SET optio 
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n_value='http://localhost:PORT/wordpress/' WHERE option_name='siteurl' OR opti

on_name='home';"
WordPress Tries To Contact External Sites When I Log In. What Can I
Do?
WordPress tries to contact external resources such as api.wordpress.com
(http://api.wordpress.com), wordpress.org (http://wordpress.org), planet.wordpress.org
(http://planet.wordpress.org) or blogsearch.google.com (http://blogsearch.google.com).
Most of these connections are performed to feed the widgets in the dashboard and are
completely harmless. To prevent them, remove the widgets by selecting the "Screen
Options" menu in the top right corner:
(/images/img/apps/wordpress/screen-options-060ccadd.png)
Then, deselect all the widgets:
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(/images/img/apps/wordpress/dashboard-widgets-d7f09b78.png)
Note some external connections may still be seen when WordPress or its plugins check for
updates.
The Plugin I Installed Is Not Working

Bitnami Wordpress is configured taking security in mind. It means that permissions for the
configuration files are tied up. While Wordpress will work with most of plugins out there
(and most popular ones), some plugins require further configuration or have issues with
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permissions (e.g. WP Super Cache).
If you are having permission issues while installing, activating or updating a plugin, log into 
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your server and execute the following command:
$ sudo chmod g+w installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php
Please retrieve the previous permissions configuration after activating the plugin.
$ sudo chmod g-w installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php
Since Bitnami WordPress Stack 4.5-1, we ship WordPress with the latest version of PHP7.
WordPress Core already supports PHP7 but some plugins may not support it yet. If you
experience any issue with plugins related to this, check that the plugin you are installing
already supports PHP7 or needs to be updated.
We also provide the latest version of WordPress, bundled with the latest version of PHP
5.6 that will avoid possible compatibility issues with plugins not prepared for PHP7. This
version should be considered as legacy, WordPress recommends to move to PHP7.
WordPress Enters Into Maintenance Mode After Upgrading Or Activating

A Plugin. What Can I Do?
As mentioned before, Bitnami Wordpress is configured taking security in mind. It means
that permissions for directories and files are strongly tied up. In the unlikely case that
WordPress enters into Maintenance mode after upgrading or activating a plugin, you can
try to disable all the plugins in the MySQL database named bitnami_wordpress by
connecting to MySQL and running the SQL sentence below:
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UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'a:0:{}' WHERE option_name = 'active_plug
ins';
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You can connect to the bitnami_wordpress database using the user bn_wordpress and the
random password located in the installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php file
running the command below:
$ mysql -u bn_wordpress -p bitnami_wordpress;
After that, restart all the services for changes to take effect running the command below
and try to connect to your website again:
If you want to activate the plugin that caused you the issue, you need to upgrade it first and
then connect to your server via SSH and execute:
$ sudo chown -R bitnami:daemon installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content

$ sudo chmod -R g+w installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content
After that, you should be able to activate the plugin from the WordPress Admin Panel.
How To Install Several WordPress Modules On The

Same Stack?
It's easy to install more than one WordPress module on a Bitnami stack. Download it from
the Bitnami website (https://bitnami.com/stack/lamp/modules), and install it using --
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wordpress_instance_name NEW_BLOG_NAME option.
First, download the module, and then run the download file with a special parameter. 
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Windows
shell> ./bitnami-wordpress-VERSION-module-windows-installer.exe --wordpress_in

stance_name NEW_BLOG_NAME
Linux
$ sudo chmod a+x bitnami-wordpress-VERSION-module-linux-x64-installer.run

$ sudo ./bitnami-wordpress-VERSION-module-linux-x64-installer.run --wordpress_
instance_name NEW_BLOG_NAME
Mac OS X
$ hdiutil mount bitnami-wordpress-VERSION-module-osx-x86_64-installer.dmg

$ /Volumes/WordPress\ Module\ VERSION/BitNami\ WordPress\ Module.app/Contents/
MacOS/installbuilder.sh --wordpress_instance_name NEW_BLOG_NAME
Once you have the module installed, you will be able to access it through
http://localhost/NEW_BLOG_NAME.
How To Optimize A Default Bitnami WordPress

Install?
Web application performance problems are not easy to fix properly. The responsiveness of
your application at a given moment depends on many factors: the application code,
installed plugins, AWS load, server type, caching mechanism, etc.
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The most common reason for performance issues is lack of any caching. Turning it on,
which for most Bitnami stacks is not that difficult, dramatically improve the server
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performance.
IMPORTANT: To apply each cache plugin, it is assumed that your WordPress instance
is already running at the domain root URL, such as at http://mywp.bitnamiapp.com/ or
http://example.com/. Please use the bnconfig tool to accomplish this.
W3 Total Cache
Follow these steps:
Download the plugin from http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/w3-total-cache/

(http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/w3-total-cache/).
Once downloaded, in most cases, enabling "Page Caching" with the "disk" option
should be enough.
Troubleshooting
Installation
During installation, W3 Total Cache may display an error stating that some Apache
modules are not detected on the server, when they are in fact installed. This error is a
known bug in the W3 Total Cache plugin (https://support.plesk.com/hc/en-
us/articles/115005108854-W3-Total-Cache-plugin-shows-apache-modules-as-not-
detected-) and may be safely ignored.
Debugging
If you have problems configuring W3 Total Cache, try to enable "Debug mode". Browse to
the W3 Total Cache admin and select at least the "Page Cache" option in the "Debug"
section. Then, browse to one of your Web pages and check the source code. There should
be debugging information at the end, which you can use to check if caching works
properly.
If WordPress is installed at the /wordpress path, there may be a conflict between the
permalink rewrites and the ones added by the W3 Total Cache plugin. To resolve this,
ensure that all the Rewrite entries are removed or commented out in the
installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/httpd-app.conf file.
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WP Super Cache
Follow these steps:
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Download the plugin from https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-super-cache/
(https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-super-cache/).
Upload this directory to your plugins directory. It will create a
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/plugins/wp-super-cache/ directory.
If you are using WordPress MU or WordPress Multisite, activate it "network wide".
Browse to "Settings -> WP Super Cache" and enable caching.
Using mod_rewrite Caching
To enable this option, modify the file at installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/htaccess.conf with

the content that the application displays when you click the "Update Mod_rewrite rules"
link. Update your htaccess.conf file so it looks like this:
<Directory "installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/">
# BEGIN WPSuperCache
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
...
# END WPSuperCache
</Directory>
Also add these lines to the bottom of the file:
<Directory "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/cache">
# BEGIN supercache
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
<FilesMatch "\.html\.gz$">
ForceType text/html
FileETag None
</FilesMatch>
AddEncoding gzip .gz
AddType text/html .gz
</IfModule>
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<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.gz$ no-gzip
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</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Cache-Control 'max-age=3, must-revalidate'
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresByType text/html A3
</IfModule> `` # END supercache
</Directory>
Troubleshooting
Debugging
If you have problems configuring WP Super Cache, try to enable "Debug mode". Browse to
the WP Super Cache settings, click on "Debug" and enable the "debugging" option. One
you have saved the changes, you will find the current log file at the top of the web page.
Prior installation
If you have WP-Cache installed already, please disable it. Edit wp-config.php and make
sure that the WP_CACHE and WPCACHEHOME defines are deleted. Remove the files
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/wp-cache-config.php and
installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/advanced-cache.php. These will be recreated
when you install this plugin.
Quick Cache
Follow these steps:
Download the plugin from https://wordpress.org/plugins/quick-cache

(https://wordpress.org/plugins/quick-cache).
Install it in the normal manner and activate it.
Troubleshooting
Permission issues
You might see the following errors:
Permissions: Please check permissions on /wp-content/cache . Quick Cache needs
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write-access to this directory. Permissions need to be 755 or higher.
Permissions: Please check permissions on /wp-config.php . Quick Cache needs wr
ite-access to this file. Permissions need to be 755 or higher. 
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This arises because the default ownership of the application files is usually set to the
bitnami user and daemon group, so users can edit the files directly as the bitnami user and
the Web server is also able to read them. In this case, when the Web server needs to be
able to modify any files or directories, it becomes necessary give write permissions to the
group too.
Execute the commands below:
$ sudo chown -R bitnami:daemon installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/cac

he
$ sudo find installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/cache -type f -exec ch
mod 664 {} \;
$ sudo find installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/cache -type d -exec ch
mod 775 {} \;
$ sudo chown bitnami:daemon installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php
$ sudo chmod g+w installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php
Minify
This plugin uses the Minify engine to combine and compress JS and CSS files to improve
page load time. There are several plugins for the same purpose: Minify
(http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/minify/), WP Minify
(http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/wp-minify/) or Better WordPress Minify
(http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/bwp-minify/). You can install one of them and it should
improve your page load time. In all cases it is necessary to have WordPress running in the
root URL.
How To Configure Varnish For WordPress?
Feedback
NOTE: The steps below assume that WordPress is already running at the root URL of
the server, such as at http://wordpress.example.com/. 
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
Follow these steps:
Log in to the server console using SSH.
Backup the Varnish configuration file:
$ sudo cp installdir/varnish/etc/varnish/default.vcl installdir/varnish/e

tc/varnish/default.vcl.backup
Add the WordPress-specific Varnish configuration by executing the following

commands:
For Varnish < 4.0:
Note: Only use sudo if the stack was installed as root. Remember to load
the Bitnami stack environment (instructions) before running the
commands below.
$ sudo cp wordpress.vcl installdir/varnish/etc/varnish/default.vcl

$ sudo sed -i 's/port\s*=\s*"[^"]*"/port = "80"/g' installdir/varnis
h/etc/varnish/default.vcl
For Varnish >= 4.0:
Note: Only use sudo if the stack was installed as root. Remember to load
the Bitnami stack environment (instructions) before running the
commands below.
Feedback
$ sudo cp wordpress.v4 installdir/varnish/etc/varnish/default.vcl
$ sudo sed -i 's/port\s*=\s*"[^"]*"/port = "80"/g' installdir/varnis
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h/etc/varnish/default.vcl
Restart Varnish:
$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart varnish
Open port 81 in the server firewall (/installer/faq#open_firewall).
Check if your website is being served properly by Varnish on port 81 by adding :81 to
the domain name in your browser - for example, http://xyz.bitnamiapp.com:81/. There
is also a Web page to check Varnish status and obtain information about the
configuration, at http://www.isvarnishworking.com/
(http://www.isvarnishworking.com/).
If Varnish is working correctly, switch the Apache and Varnish ports and activate
Varnish on port 80:
$ sudo sed -i 's/^\s*Listen .*$/Listen 81/g' installdir/apache2/conf/http

d.conf
$ sudo sed -i 's/\:80/\:81/g' installdir/apache2/conf/bitnami/bitnami.con
f
$ sudo sed -i 's/at port.*"/at port 81"/g' installdir/apache2/scripts/ct
l.sh
$ sudo sed -i 's/\:80/\:81/g' installdir/apps/*/conf/httpd-vhosts.conf
$ sudo sed -i 's/=80/=81/g' installdir/properties.ini
$ sudo sed -i 's/port\s*=\s*"[^"]*"/port = "81"/g' installdir/varnish/et
c/varnish/default.vcl
Feedback
$ sudo sed -i 's/VARNISH_PORT=.*$/VARNISH_PORT=80/g' installdir/varnish/s
cripts/ctl.sh
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Remove the firewall rule for port 81 (/installer/faq#close_firewall).
Download the different files used in the example as a reference:
wordpress.vcl (/downloads/components/varnish/wordpress.vcl)
wordpress.v4 (/downloads/components/varnish/wordpress.v4)
How To Move WordPress To A Different URL Path

On The Same Domain?
By default, WordPress is available at the domain or IP address root URL, such as
http://localhost or http://example.com. To move WordPress to a different path on the same
domain or IP address, such as http://localhost/blog or http://example.com/blog, follow
these steps:
Log in to the server console using SSH (/installer/faq#how-to-connect-to-the-server-

through-ssh).
Edit the installdir/apps/wordpress/conf/httpd-prefix.conf file and find the lines below:
#Alias /wordpress/ "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/"

#Alias /wordpress "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs"
Uncomment and update the Alias directives to reflect the new path. For example, to
move WordPress to the /blog path, update the file to look like this:
Alias /blog/ "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/"

Alias /blog "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs"
Look for the lines below in the file installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php file:
define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/');

define('WP_HOME', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/');
Feedback
Modify them to reflect the new path, as below:
define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/blog'); 

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define('WP_HOME', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/blog');
Restart Apache:
How To Use The WP-CLI Command Line Tool?

WP-CLI is the command-line interface for WordPress. You can update plugins, configure
multisite installs and much more, without using a Web browser. It is already included with
the Bitnami solution so you can start using it easily. In order to check that everything is
working properly, you can run the info command:
$ installdir/apps/apps/wordpress/bin/wp cli info
NOTE: The wp utility is also included in the system path so you can run the command
without specifying the whole path to the file.
Related Guides
Migrate Data From One WordPress Instance to Another (/installer/how-to/migrate-
wordpress)
Troubleshoot WordPress Issues (/installer/how-to/troubleshoot-wordpress-issues)
Feedback




Bitnami Documentation
FAQs
How to find application credentials? (/general/faq#find_credentials)
How to connect to the server through SSH? (/general/faq#connect_ssh)
How to upload files to the server with SFTP? (/general/faq#upload_files)
How to open the server ports for remote access? (/general/faq#open_firewall)
How to configure your application to use a third-party SMTP service for outgoing email?
(/general/faq#use_external_smtp_title)
How to block a suspicious IP address? (/general/faq#block_suspicious_ip)
Platform Documentation
Google Cloud Platform (/google)
AWS Cloud (/aws)
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Classic (/oracle)
Microsoft Azure (/azure)
Bitnami Cloud Hosting (/bch)
CenturyLink Cloud (/centurylink)
1&1 Cloud Platform (/1and1)
Huawei Cloud (/huawei)
Windows / Linux / MacOS (/installer)
Virtual Machines (/virtual-machine)
Containers (/containers)
Kubernetes (/kubernetes)
General Documentation
Bitnami Application Stacks (/general/apps)
Bitnami Infrastructure Stacks (/general/infrastructure)
How-To Guides (/general/how-to)
Bitnami Components (/general/components)
Security Notices (/general/security)
© Bitnami 2018
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First Steps With The Bitnami WordPress Stack

What Are The System Requirements?

How Do I Install The Bitnami WordPress Stack?

Run the downloaded file:

Operating System Directory

Linux /opt/APPNAME-VERSION (running as root user)

What Credentials Do I Need?

What Is The Administrator Username Set For Me To Log In To The

What Is The Administrator Password?

How To Start Or Stop The Services?

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh start

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart mysql

Obtain current status of all services:

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh start

$ sudo installdir/ctlscript.sh restart mysql

Obtain current status of all services:

How To Change The WordPress Domain Name?

you wish to use:

define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/');

How To Change The Interface Language?

Change Language Using The WordPress Administration Panel

Log in to the WordPress administration panel.

Change Language Manually

Download the translation files for your language from

$ sudo mkdir installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/languages

Log in to the WordPress administration panel.

Restart the web server using these instructions.

How To Access The Administration Panel?

$ mysql -u root -p bitnami_wordpress -e "UPDATE wp_users SET user_pass=MD5('NE

How To Disable The WordPress Cron Script?

Disable the wp-cron.php script in the installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-config.php file.

How To Configure Outbound Email Settings?

Log in to the WordPress administration panel.

Here is an example of configuring WordPress to use a Gmail account. Replace

Troubleshooting Gmail SMTP Issues

For Google Apps users

Browse to the Google Apps administration panel (http://admin.google.com).

Click on "Security" and then "Basic settings".

Select "Allow users to manage their access to less secure apps".

For other Google users

Browse to the "Less secure apps" page

Select the "Turn on" option.

Browse to the "App passwords" page

Click "Select app" and choose the app you're using.

Click "Select device" and choose the device you're using.

Click the "Generate" button.

Enter the app password on your device.

Click the "Done" button.

Here are other options you may try:

Browse to the web version of Gmail (https://mail.google.com/) and sign in to your

Browse to the "Unlock Captcha" function page

How To Install A Plugin On WordPress?

Follow these steps:

Log in to your WordPress dashboard.

The plugin will now be installed.

How To Install WP-DBManager?

$ echo '<Directory "installdir/apps/wordpress/htdocs/wp-content/backup-db">' >

How To Install The Accelerated Mobile Pages

Log in to your WordPress dashboard.

Click the "Activate plugin" link.

Read more about the Accelerated Mobile Pages project (https://www.ampproject.org/).