History: chapter 2 → marriage ceremony

→ bongga (rich)
AGRICULTURE → SOURCE OF INCOME → not bongga (poor)

KAINGIN SYSTEM → igorot

→ LAND WAS CLEARED → no courtship
→ PLANT CROPS → girl seduces boy (steals bahag)
→ o-lag (sex dorm)
TILLAGE SYSTEM → LAND, PLOWED AND HARROWED → pregnancy first

IRRIGATION → INCREASED CROP PRODUCTION

FISHING → ifugao
→ GENERAL → 14 yrs old (boy); 13 yrs old (girl)
→ “NATURAL ACTIVITY FOR SELF-SUPPRT” → agamang (sex seminar)
→ offering of
MINING → “VERY GOOD OIL” → betel nut
→ u-log
SHIPBUILDING & LOGGING → BUILDING OCEAN-GOING VESSELS → chauverism

BARTER SYSTEM → tinggians/tinguians

→ PRAISE → arranged marriage
→ BALIGAYA → guy can marry multiple times
→ pota (wife)
nobles
→ upper class → mangyan
→ title “gat” or “lakan” → mabilisan
→ divorce (privilege of men)
freemen → middle class → man gives wife a lover
→ must not get pregnant

→ buguey
dependents → dowry
→ lower class → man kills wife if caught cheating
→ alipin → girl, not a virgin anymore
→ acquired in battle
→ failing to pay one's debt → mandayas
→ inheritance → touch of death
→ purchase → torture
→ guilty of a crime
→ aliping namamahay (own house and family) → bilaans
→ aliping sagigilid → chivalry
→ no house of his own → permanent husband
→ lived with master
→ cannot marry without master's consent government
→ barangay
→ full dependent (both parents) → ruled by chieftain
→ half dependent (1 parent) → pay tribute
→ semi dependent (½ and free) → chieftain and relatives are exempted
→ executive
visayans → legislative
→ tumataban (works when told to do so) → judiciary
→ tumarampuk (once a week) → sanduguan (blood compact)
→ ayuey (3x a week) → alliances were sealed
→ mutual protection
filipino women → “blood brothers”
→ high position in society → umalokohan (town cryer)
→ equal of men
→ right to give names to their children trial by ordeal
→ respected → unreliable
→ guilty if
marriage customs → boiling water (scalded the most)
→ man could marry multiple times → candle (died out first)
→ children from first wife are legitimate → river (rises to surface first)
→ arranged marriage → rice (thickest saliva)
→ bigay-kaya (dowry)
→ panghimuyat (gift for parents) clothing
→ bigay-suso (gift for wet nurse) → kangan
 → jacket with short sleeves → kinnoton (ant dance)
→ color indicated rank → balitaw (love verses)
→ red (chieftain) → dandansoy (courtship dance)
→ black/blue (lower)
→ bahag art
→ saya (skirt) → seen in tools and weapons
→ patadyong (skirt, visayan) → ornaments, improve appearance
→ tapis → metal and glass
→ putong (headgear) → muslim art, plants and geometrical designs
→ color = number of people killed → ifugao art, animals and human representation
→ red (at least 1)
→ embroidered (at least 7) religious beliefs
→ soul was immortal
ornaments → life after death (manunggul jar)
→ gold and precious stones → bathala (supreme being)
→ kalumbiga (armlets) → worshipped minor deities
→ fillings in between the teeth → idiyanale (agriculture)
→ tattooing → sidapa (death)
→ war record → agni (fire)
→ visayans, most tattooed → balangaw (rainbow)
→ pintados (painted people) → nandarangan (war)
→ lalahon (harvest)
→ siginarugan (hell)
→ anito (soul spirits)
houses → baylana (woman priest)
→ nipa hut
→ suited to the tropical climate burial
→ haligi (stakes, high above the ground) → coffin under the house
→ batalan (house work) → dead, glady received in the other world
→ sala (receiving visitors, sleeping) → armed sentinels guard the coffin
→ silid (storage) → professional mourners
→ morotal (woman)
system of writing → maglahi (man)
→ top to bottom, left to right → laraw (chieftain)
→ baybayin/alibata
→ 3 vowels, 14 consonants

literature
→ sabi (maxims)
→ bugtong (riddles)
→ talindaw (boat song)
→ tagumpay (victory songs)
→ ugayi, hele (cradle song)
→ ihiman (wedding song)
→ kumintang (war song)
→ became a love song (kundiman)
→ hudhod
→ ifugao history
→ hero, aliguyon

→ alim
→ story of gods (like the india gods)

→ biag ni lam-ang
→ hendiong (bicol)

music and dance

→ instruments, wood or bamboo
→ kudyapi (stringed)
→ kullibaw (jew's harp)
→ bansic (flute)
→ gangsa (guitar)

→ potato dance
→ torture dance
→ lovers dance
→ duel dance
→ kinnallogong (hat dance)