// Multiple Choice Applet 1.

0
// Terence Tao, 2002
//
// This applet may be freely copied and used by others. In order to run the applet
properly, you will not only need
// the class files (MultipleChoice, Question, Answer, ShuffleVector), but you will
also need some quiz files, and
// an index file to list all the quiz files. The URL of the index file must then
be placed in the HTML <APPLET> code which
// calls the applet, using the "index" parameter. The index and quiz files are
plaintext. The index file format is
// very simple: each line takes the form <quiz description> | <URL of quiz>, or of
<separator> if one just wants to add a
// non-functional separator to the index. The quiz files have a very simple
command line interface, all of the form
// "<Command>. <arguments>". Whitespace is ignored. The valid commands are
//
// "Question. <question>" Create a new question, which becomes the current
question.
// "Answer. <answer>" Create an (incorrect) answer to the current question.
// "Correct Answer. <answer>" Create a correct answer to the current question.
// "Partially Correct Answer. <answer>" Create a partially correct answer to the
current question.
// "Comment. <comment>" Make a comment to a question or answer which will be
displayed to the user when the question
// or answer is selected.
// "Value. <value>" Set the points value for the current question and all later
questions (Default 10)
// "Correctness. <value>" Set the correctness (out of 10) of the current answer
(Default 0 for incorrect answers,
// 5 for partially correct, 10 for correct)
// "Shuffle Answers." Shuffle answers to this and all later questions (default off)
// "Don't Shuffle Answers." Undoes a "Shuffle Answers".
// "Shuffle Questions." Shuffle the list of questions (default off)
// "Don't Shuffle Questions." Undoes a "Shuffle Questions."
// "Shuffle These Answers." Shuffles answers to current question only; does not
affect later questions
// "Don't Shuffle These Answers." Cancels any shuffling to current question only;
does not affect later questions
//
// Lines beginning with // will be ignored by the interpreter.
//
// Please send any comments or suggestions to tao@math.ucla.edu

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class MultipleChoice extends JApplet

{
// GUI components
JPanel upper, middle;
JTextArea outputArea, questionArea;
JTextArea answerFields[];
JButton answerButtons[];
 JButton nextButton;
JComboBox index;
final int NUM_BUTTONS = 7;
String buttonStrings[] = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"};

// Question file index variables

Vector fileDescriptions; // These are vectors of strings. I should be
smarter about this and have a unified vector
Vector fileNames; // but I'm too lazy to make another class.

// Multiple choice test variables

int currentQuestionNum;
int numQuestions;
int score;
int maxScore;
boolean questionAnswered;
ShuffleVector questionList;

// Parser variables
Question q;
Answer a;
int value;
boolean shuffleAnswers;
int mode;
final int GLOBAL_MODE = 0;
final int QUESTION_MODE = 1;
final int ANSWER_MODE = 2;

////////////////////// Constructors ///////////////////////

public void init()
{
int i;

getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(upper = new JPanel(), BorderLayout.NORTH);
getContentPane().add(middle =new JPanel(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
upper.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
middle.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

// upper third of applet

getFiles();
addComponent(upper,new JLabel( "Select category: "), 0 , 0);
addComponent(upper,index = new JComboBox(fileDescriptions), 0, 1);
addComponent(upper, nextButton = new JButton("Next Question >>"), 0, 2);
addComponent(upper, questionArea = new JTextArea(4,50),1,0,3,3);
questionArea.setLineWrap(true);
questionArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
questionArea.setEditable(false);

// middle third of applet

answerButtons = new JButton[NUM_BUTTONS];

answerFields = new JTextArea[NUM_BUTTONS];

for (i = 0; i < NUM_BUTTONS; i++)

 {
addComponent(middle, answerButtons[i] = new JButton(buttonStrings[i]), i, 0);
addComponent(middle, answerFields[i] = new JTextArea(2,50), i, 1, 2, 1);

answerFields[i].setLineWrap(true);
answerFields[i].setWrapStyleWord(true);
answerFields[i].setEditable(false);
if (i % 2 == 1) answerFields[i].setBackground(Color.lightGray);
}

// lower third of applet

getContentPane().add(outputArea = new JTextArea(8,40), BorderLayout.SOUTH);

outputArea.setLineWrap(true);
outputArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);

// get data

getQuestions("");
displayQuestion();

// set Listeners

for (i = 0; i < NUM_BUTTONS; i++) // Answer button listeners

{
answerButtons[i].addActionListener(new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
int a = 0;

for (int j = 0; j < NUM_BUTTONS; j++)

if (e.getSource() == answerButtons[j])
a = j;

Question currentQuestion = getCurrentQuestion();

int c = currentQuestion.getCorrectAnswer();
Answer ans = currentQuestion.getAnswer(a);

if (ans.isEmpty()) return;

output("Answer " + answerButtons[a].getText() + " is " + ans.getVerdict()

+ ".");
if (ans.hasComment())
output(ans.getComment());

if (currentQuestion.hasComment() && ans.getValue() == Answer.CORRECT)

output(currentQuestion.getComment());

if (questionAnswered) return;
questionAnswered = true;

// if (ans.getValue() != Answer.CORRECT)
// output("The correct answer was " + answerButtons[c].getText() + ".");

int currentScore = currentQuestion.getScore(ans);

score += currentScore;
 maxScore += currentQuestion.getMaxScore();

output("You added " + currentQuestion.getScore(ans) + " to your score, which

is now " + score + " (out of " + maxScore + ").");
}
});
}

nextButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() // The next Button

listener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
if (!questionAnswered)
{
maxScore += getCurrentQuestion().getMaxScore();
questionAnswered = true; // empty answer is an answer; usually will get
cleared when question number is advanced
}

if (currentQuestionNum >= getNumQuestions() - 1)

{
clearOutput();
output("No more questions. Please select a new list of questions.");
output("Your final score was " + score + " (out of " + maxScore +
").");
if (score == maxScore) output("Congratulations, you had a perfect
score!");
return;
}
currentQuestionNum++;
questionAnswered = false;
displayQuestion();
clearOutput();
}
});

index.addActionListener(new ActionListener() // The category

selection listener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
int j = index.getSelectedIndex();
String urlString = (String) fileNames.elementAt(j);
if (urlString.length() == 0 && j > 0) return;
getQuestions(urlString);
displayQuestion();
}
});

private void addComponent( JPanel p , Component c, int row, int column, int
width, int height)
{
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx= column;
gbc.gridy= row;
 gbc.gridheight = height;
gbc.gridwidth = width;
p.add( c,gbc);
}

private void addComponent( JPanel p , Component c, int row, int column)

{
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx= column;
gbc.gridy= row;
p.add( c,gbc);
}

////////////////////// Data entry ///////////////////////

void getQuestions(String urlString)

{
questionList = new ShuffleVector();

initTest();

if (urlString.length() == 0) return;

clearOutput();
// initalize parse variables
q = new Question();
a = new Answer();
value = Question.DEFAULT_VALUE;
shuffleAnswers = false;
mode = GLOBAL_MODE;

try
{
URL url = new URL(urlString);
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
BufferedReader data = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = data.readLine()) != null)
parse(line.trim());
data.close();
}
catch (MalformedURLException e) {
output("Unable to create URL: " + urlString);
}
catch (IOException e) {
output("IO Error while loading questions: " + e.getMessage());
}

void initTest()
{
// initialize multiple choice test variables
currentQuestionNum = -1; // empty question
questionAnswered = false;
score = 0;
maxScore = 0;
 }

////////////////////// Parser ///////////////////////

public void parse(String line) // A simple, interpreted parser for question

text data.
{
if (line.length() == 0) return; // ignore whitespace

if (line.startsWith("Question.")
|| line.startsWith("Q.")) // A new question!
{
q = new Question(content(line), shuffleAnswers, value);
questionList.add(q);
mode = QUESTION_MODE;
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Comment.") || line.startsWith("Remark")) // A comment!

{
switch (mode)
{
case GLOBAL_MODE: // global comment
output(content(line));
return;
case QUESTION_MODE: // comment to the current question
q.appendComment(content(line));
return;
case ANSWER_MODE: // comment to the current answer
a.appendComment(content(line));
return;
}
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("//")) // ignore remarks

return;

if (line.startsWith("Answer.")
|| line.startsWith("Incorrect Answer.")
|| line.startsWith("A.")) // An incorrect answer!
{
a = new Answer(content(line));
q.addAnswer(a);
mode = ANSWER_MODE;
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Partially Correct Answer.")) // A partially correct

answer!
{
a = new Answer(content(line), Answer.PARTIALLY_CORRECT);
q.addAnswer(a);
mode = ANSWER_MODE;
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Correct Answer.")) // A correct answer!

{
 a = new Answer(content(line), Answer.CORRECT);
q.addAnswer(a);
mode = ANSWER_MODE;
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Shuffle Answers.") || line.startsWith("Do Shuffle

Answers."))
{
shuffleAnswers = true;
q.shuffleAnswers();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Don't Shuffle Answers."))

{
shuffleAnswers = false;
q.unshuffleAnswers();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Shuffle These Answers.") || line.startsWith("Do Shuffle

These Answers."))
// this command and the next are transient - they don't persist to the
next question.
{
q.shuffleAnswers();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Don't Shuffle These Answers."))

{
q.unshuffleAnswers();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Shuffle Questions.") || line.startsWith("Do Shuffle

Questions."))
{
questionList.shuffle();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Don't Shuffle Questions."))

{
questionList.unshuffle();
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Value.")) // Set points value for a question

{
try
{
value = Integer.valueOf(content(line)).intValue();
}
catch (NumberFormatException e)
{
output("Ignored: bad points value: " + content(line));
 }
q.setValue(value);
return;
}

if (line.startsWith("Correctness.")) // Set correctness value of an answer

(out of 10)
{
try
{
int type = Integer.valueOf(content(line)).intValue();
a.setType(type);
}
catch (NumberFormatException e)
{
output("Ignored: bad correctness value: " + content(line));
}
return;
}

output("Ignored: " + line);

}

String content(String line) // returns the portion of line after .

{
int i = line.indexOf('.');
return line.substring(i+1).trim();
}

////////////////////// Queries ///////////////////////

Question getCurrentQuestion()
{
if (currentQuestionNum >= questionList.size() || currentQuestionNum < 0)
return new Question();
else
return (Question) questionList.getShuffled(currentQuestionNum);
}

int getNumQuestions()
{
return questionList.size();
}

void getFiles()
{
fileDescriptions = new Vector();
fileNames = new Vector();

fileDescriptions.add("(None)");
fileNames.add("");

try
{
URL url = new URL(getParameter("Index"));
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
BufferedReader data = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
 while ((line = data.readLine()) != null)
{
if (line.indexOf('|') == -1)
{
fileDescriptions.add(line.trim());
fileNames.add("");
}
else
{
int i = line.indexOf('|');
fileDescriptions.add(line.substring(0,i).trim());
fileNames.add(line.substring(i+1).trim());
}
}
data.close();
}
catch (MalformedURLException e) {
output("Unable to create URL: " + getParameter("Index"));
}
catch (IOException e) {
output("IO Error while reading index: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

////////////////////// Methods ///////////////////////

void displayQuestion()
{
Question q = getCurrentQuestion();
questionArea.setText("Question " + (currentQuestionNum+1) + " (of " +
getNumQuestions() + "). [" + q.getMaxScore() + " points] " + q.getText());
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_BUTTONS; i++)
answerFields[i].setText(q.getAnswerText(i));
}

void clearOutput()
{
outputArea.setText("");
}

void output(String s)
{
outputArea.append(s + "\n");
}