Name:&_______________________&! ! Date:&____________________!

Anatomy(and(Physiology!Unit%1%–!Chemistry*of*Life!
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Section(1:(Matching!
Match&each&description&with&the&classification&of&living&matter&on&the&right.&Some&choices&are&not&used;&none&are&repeated.!
! A."Electrolyte)!
1.! The$functions$performed$by$this$molecule$depend$ B."Lipid!
on#its#shape.!!!_______! C."Protein!
! D."Nucleic"Acid!
2.! Structural(and(energy(storage(molecules(made(of( E."Carbohydrate!
carbon,(hydrogen,(and(oxygen.!!!_______!
!
3.! A"group"of"nonpolar"macromolecules(that(can(be(
solid&or&liquid&at&room&temperature,&depending&on&
the$saturation$of$Hydrogen$atoms$in$the$molecule.!
_______!
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4.! A"salt"or"mineral"that,"when"dissolved"in"water,"can"
carry%an%electric%charge%in%the%body.!!!_______!
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Section(2:(Multiple(Choice!
5.! Of#the#elements#found#in#the#human#body,#this#one#is#considered#the#central#element#because#it#can#
form%four%covalent%bonds%with%other%atoms.!
a.! Sulfur!
b.! Carbon!
c.! Hydrogen!
d.! Nitrogen!
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Questions)6!8:"Use$the$diagram$of$the$atom$to$the$right$to$answer$the$questions.$$Choices$may$be$repeated$or$not$used.!
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6.! Which%particle%represents%a%neutron?!
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7.! Which%particle%will%determine%the%identity%of%this%atom?!
!
8.! The$movement$or$sharing$of$what$particle$determines$what$
kind%of%bonds%the%atom%will%form?!
!
9.! Which%of%the%following%is%true%of%electrolytes?!
a.! They%are%neutral%atoms%and%contain'no'charge.!
b.! They%should%be%avoided%following%intense%athletic%
activity.!
c.! Examples)include)carbon)(C),)nitrogen)(N),)and)oxygen)
(O).!
d.! They%are%ions%found%in%tears,%blood,%nerves,%and%muscles.!
!!
10.!This%bond%forms%when%water%molecules%attract%each%other.!
a.! Hydrogen(bond! b.#Covalent#bond! ! c.#Ionic#bond!
 !
11.!The$sharing$of$valence$electrons$between$two$atoms$creates$this$bond.!
a.! Hydrogen)bond! b.#Covalent#bond! ! c.#Ionic#bond!
!
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12.!Which%of%these%body%fluids%would%be%classified%as%alkaline,%or%basic?!
a.! Sweat,'pH'='4.1!
b.! Urine,!pH#=#5.8!
c.! Saliva,'pH'='6.2!
d.! Semen,&pH&=&8.0!
!
13.!The$image$to$the$right$shows$five$fatty$acids$found$in$triglycerides.$$
Given&its&appearance,&what&would&be&an&accurate&conclusion&about&
erucic&acid&and&oleic&acid?!
a.! They%are%saturated%fats.!
b.! They%would%be%solid%at!room$temperature.!
c.! They%only%contain%C!H"and"C!C"bonds.!
d.! They%each%have%at%least%one%C=C%bond.!
!
14.!Lipid%hormones%such%as%cortisone,%testosterone,%and%estrogen%are%classified%as%____________%due%to%
the$rings$present$in$their$chemical$structures.!
a.! Steroids!
b.! Proteins!
c.! Phospholipids!
!
15.!Animals(such(as(humans(will(metabolize(hundreds(of(excess(________________(like(glucose(into(much(
larger&_______________&like&glycogen.!
a.! Monosaccharides,|,disaccharides.!
b.! Disaccharides*|*polysaccharides.!
c.! Monosaccharides,|,polysaccharides.!
d.! Polysaccharides-|-disaccharides.!
!
16.!Which%of%these%would%result%in%the%denaturation%of%a%protein?!
a.! Cooling'it'so'it'functions'at'a'much'slower'rate.!
b.! Allowing(it(to(participate(as(an(enzyme(in(a(chemical(reaction.!
c.! Placing(it(into(a(strong(acid,(causing(its"shape"to"alter.!
d.! Mixing&it&into&warm&water.!
!
17.!Which%of%these%correctly%matches%up%a%polymer%with%its%monomer?!
a.! Nucleic'acid'!!Nucleotide!
b.! Lipid%–!Glycerol!
c.! Protein(–!Fatty%acid!
d.! Polysaccharide-–!Amino&acid!
!
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Section(3:(Short(Answer!
18.!About&60%&of&an&adult’s&body%is%water.%Explain%what%it%means%for%water%to%have%the%properties%of%
adhesion,*high*specific*heat,*and*why*it*is*considered*to*be*the*universal*solvent.*What*chemical*
property'of'water'molecules'causes'them'to'have'characteristics?'(4pts)!
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19.!This!diagram'shows'the'basic'structure'of'one'type'of'nucleic'acid.''What'are'the'
repeating)subunits)within)the)molecule)called?))!
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a.! Is#this#a#molecule#of#DNA#or#RNA?##How#do#you#know?!
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20.!What%are%enzymes?!!
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a.! Using&the&graph&to&the&right,&does&line&1&or&line%2%show%
the$addition$of$an$enzyme?$How$do$you$know?$(Hint:$
use$the$term$activation$energy$in$your$response)!
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b.! What%does%the%lock%and%key%theory%describe?%Be%specific.!
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21.!The$image$to$the$right$shows$the$basic$structure$of$an$amino$acid.$At$
what%position!(amino,(hydrogen,(carboxyl,(or(R!group)!do#the#20#
essential(amino(acids(differ(from(one(another?(!
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22.!Complete(the(table(to(the(best(of(your(ability.!
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Element' Symbol! Atomic' Atomic'Mass! Number'of' Number'of' Number'of'

Name! Number! Protons! Neutrons! Electrons!
! ! ! ! ! ! !
Boron!
!
! ! ! ! ! ! !
! K!
!
! ! ! ! ! ! !
! 8!
!
! ! ! ! ! ! !
! 9!
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Section(4:(Extra(Credit((optional)!
23.!What%is%one%thing%that%you%have%liked%so%far%about%this%course?!
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24.!What%is%one%thing%that%you%would%like%to%go%differently%in%this%course?!
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