UDC 666.972: 691.32: 620.1 DEUTSCHE NORM June 1991 Testing concrete Testing of hardened concrete (specimens prepared in mould) Pratverfahren flr Beton; Festbeton, gesondert hergestellte Probekorper ‘This standard, together with DIN 1048 Part 1, June 1991 edition, supersedes DIN 1048 Part 1, December 1978 edition In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (SO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. This standard has been prepared by Section Vil Beton und Stahlbeton / Deutscher Ausschu6 fUr Stahibeton of the NormenausschuB Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Dimensions in mm. Contents Page 1. Scope and field of application 1 2 Sampling 2.1 Suitability testing 22 Quality testing and testing of hardened concrete 23 Number of specimens 3. Shape and size of specimens 3.1 General 32 Compressive strength 33 Flexural strength 3.4 Tensile spliting strength 3.8 Static modulus of elasticity 3.6 Water permeability 4 Apparatus 4.1 Moulds 42 Accessories 43 Test equipment 5 Specimen preparation 5.1 General 5.2 Compaction 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies methods of testing the com- pressive strength, flexural strength, tensile splitting strength, static modulus of elasticity, water permeabil- ity and moisture content of hardened concrete as de- fined in subclause 2.1 of DIN 1045, July 1988 edition, and in DIN 4232, The assessment of test results and the requirements to bbe met by concrete are covered in DIN 1048. 2 Sampling 24 Suitability testing’) For suitability testing, the specimens shall be prepared using a mould and taking into account the property of concrete to be determined. The concrete shall be mixed from the materials tended for use in the actual structure. Their origin and the concrete composition shall be recorded. Once all the constituent materials have been added, the ‘concrete shall be mixed in a DIN 459 mixer. 0553 ja for Garman Sandarda (OW Norman) 5.3 Treatment after compaction 6 Curing of specimens 6.1 General 6.2 Compressive strength and static modulus of elasticity 6.3 Flexural strength and tensile splitting strength 64 Water permeability 7 Testing 7.4 Density 7.2 Compressive strength 73 Flexural strength 74 Tensile splitting strength 7.4.1 Cylindrical specimens 742 Prismatic and cubic specimens 7S Static modulus of elasticity 7.6 Water permeability 77 Moisture content 8 Test report Standards referred to ‘The type of mixer used, mixing time, ambient tempera- ture and concrete temperature shall be recorded. 2.2 Quality testing and testing of hardened concrete") For quality testing and testing of hardened concrete, ‘sampling and specimen preparation are generally car- Tied out on site, the samples being taken from the con- crete intended to be used for a particular structural member. 23 Number of specimens Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standards (e.g. DIN 1045) or specifications, three specimens shall be prepared for each test. 3. Shape and size of specimens 3.1 General ‘The minimum specimen dimensions shall be at least ‘equal to four times the maximum aggregate particle size. ) Cl. subclause 7.4 of DIN 1045 for definition. Continued on pages 2 to 8 ‘DIN 1048 Part 5 Engl. Price group 6 ‘Sales No, o108Page 2 DIN 1048 Part 5 3.2. Compressive strength For determining the compressive strength, either 100mm, 160mm, 200mm or 300mm conerete cubes of cylinders 100mm, 180mm, 200mm or 300mm in diameter and with a height to diameter ratio of 2, shall be used, 3.3 Flexural strength For determining the flexural strength, moulded con- crete beams, preferably 150mm x 150mm x 700 mm In size, shall be used.') Where the maximum aggre- gate particle size necessitates the use of larger beams, these shall be 200mm x 200mm x 900mm, 3.4 Tensile spliting strength The specimens used for determining the tensile splitting strength should preferably be cylinders 150mm in diameter and 300mm in height. Alter- natively, beams may be used provided that the length to width ratio of the cross section is not more than 1466. 3.5. Static modulus of elasticity ‘The specimens used for determining the static modulus of elasticity should preferably be cylinders 150mm in diameter and approximately 300mm in height. For spe- cial applications, specimens 100mm, 150mm or 200mm in diameter may be used, provided that the height to diameter ratio is not less than 2 nor more than 4. For prisms with a side length (of the end faces) of 100mm, 150mm or 200mm, the height to sido length ratio shall be not less than 3 and not more than 4. Different results may be obtained when testing speci- mens prepared from the same concrete but different in 3.6 Water permeability Up to a maximum aggregate particle size of 32mm, the specimens used for determining the water per- meability should preferably be slabs 200mm x 200mm x 120mm in size. Alternatively, 200mm cubes or circular slabs 150mm in diameter may be used. Where the maximum particle size exceeds 32mm, 300mm cubes or square slabs, or circular slabs 300mm in diameter, shall be used. The slab thickness shall be at least 120mm, where the particle size is 32mm or more. (Otherwise, it shall be at least equal to four times the diameter of the maximum particle size) For special applications, and subject to compliance with the requirements ‘specified in subclause 3.1, 1160 mm cubes or square slabs may be used. 4 Apparatus 41° Moulds ‘Specimens shall be prepared using a mould complying with DIN51 229") ‘Square slabs for the water permeability test may also be made using a cubic mould, which shall be provided with an internal lining of non-absorbent material before the specimens are cast. 42 Accessories The following accessories shall be used for preparing the specimens. a) Collar complying with DIN51 229, which can be se- curely and tightly fastened to the mould. Its height shall be approximately equal to the edge length of cubes, or approximately 1,5 times the diameter of cylinders, or 200 mm in the case of beams. »b) Stee! rule. ©) Vibrating table complying with DIN 4235 Part 3, or Internal vibrator complying with DIN4235 Part 2, preferably with a diameter of not less than 35mm, 4) Tamper with a mass of approximately 12kg, having a rectangular or circular end. 4.3 Test equipment Strength properties shall be tested using @ DINS1223 ‘compression testing machine or a DIN51 227 bend test- ing machine. For the purposes of internal control (i.e cor-site control) by types E and W concrete testing laboratories, they shall conform to at least class 3 as specified in DINS1220, and in all other cases, to at least class 2, the machine class requirements being verified by a certificate not more than two years old, is- sued by an accredited test house?) Testing machines used for verification purposes (ct DIN51300) shall meet at least the requirements for class 2 when tested as specified in DINS1 302 Part 1 Compliance with the requirements shall be verified by 2 test certificate not more than one year old or, where internal control (e.g. using a pressure transducer) is carried out at intervals of three months, by a test cor- tificate not more than two years old, issued by an accredited test house?) The static modulus of elasticity shall be determined using a DINS1223 compression testing machine of at least class 2, capable of maintaining the applied load constant for approximately one minute. Length measuring instruments (e.g. mitror or dial ‘gauge extensometers, inductance gauges) and strain ‘measuring devices (e.g. strain gauges) shall have a ‘gauge length of not less than five times the diameter of the maximum aggregate particle size, with a mini- ‘mum of 80mm. The sensitivity of instruments shall be such that a maximum change in length of Syum/m will ‘cause a change of 1 mm for analog indication or, in the case of digital indication, of one increment (cl DIN 1319Part 2) The permeability test may be carried out using any ‘equipment suitable for the procedure specified in sub- clause 7.6 and which permits specimens complying with the specifications of subclause 3.6, to be placed in such a way that the water pressure acts either from above or below the specimen, and permits the unexposed faces to be observed for signs of water per- ‘meation (cf. figure 1). The internal diameter of the seal- ing ring as installed shall be 100mm for specimens up 0.200 mm edge length or diameter, and 150mm for spe- cimens with an edge length or diameter of 300mm, 5 Specimen preparation 5. General It the fresh concrete sample has to be transported, it shall be protected against its losing or gaining water, and against the effect of frost, heat, etc. To this effect, the sample shall be transported in a sealed container, 4) In road construction, beams 100mm x 150mm x 700mm in size shall be used for testing, 2) Cf. Explanatory notes, last paragraph *) At present at stage of draft.tr pessre Tid sein cnn fn f i 20 ~ Support 120 Figure 1. Typical arrangement for determining the water permeability of 200mm x 200mm x 120mm slabs. made of non-absorbent material, which shall be damp- ened betore filling with concrete. Specimen preparation shall be started as soon as pos- sible after sampling and, except for concrete with a pro- longed workability time, completed not later than 90 minutes after the addition of water. Before the specimens are cast, the internal surface of 1e mould shall be thinly coated with oil, grease or re~ lease agent. Where the concrete is compacted by vibra- tion, a collar may be fitted on the mould. The mould shall be filled with concrete to give an excess of about 20 to 30mm above its edge after compaction. For the Preparation of specimens with an hid ratio greater than2, moulds with collar shall be vibrated during filling. Slabs used for the water permeability test shall be pre- pared with the mould standing upright so that in the test, the water pressure will act normal to the mould-ill- ing direction, 5.2 Compaction Immediately after filling the mould, the concrete shall be compacted so that its degree of compaction is as close as possible to that in the structural member. Where concrete is compacted by means of an internal vibrator (cf. subclause 4.2), this shall be introduced ver- tically at the centre of the mould when preparing cubes, slabs and cylindrical specimens, and, additionally, at each of the four corners in the case of 300mm cubes, When preparing 700 mm long beams, the vibrator shall be placed at an angle into the concrete at not less than four points along the long axis of the mould, and at further points in the case of longer beams (ct. figure 2) ‘The vibrator shall be immersed to a depth of approxi- mately 20mm above the base of the mould and lett this position until the formation of air bubbles of signifi- cant size has markedly decreased. It shall then be gradually withdrawn from the concrete so that the hole left by the vibrator closes fully without any air being entrapped. Air-entrained concrete may only be compacted by Means of an internal vibrator if this procedure is also adopted for the concrete used in the structure. Concrete of consistence range KS may also be com- acted by tamping, using a tamper as described in sub- Clause 4.2, and concrete of consistence range KF, by rodding. Concrete used for the preparation of perme- ability test specimens is always to be compacted by vibration For the compaction of lightweight concrete, under an imposed load if necessary, use of vibrating tables is recommended, dense lightweight aggregate concrete DIN 1048 Part 5 Page 3 Figure 2. Compacting with immersion vibrator when preparing 150mm x 150mm x 700mm long beams only being compacted by vibrating or rodding, and po- rous lightweight aggregate concrete, only by rodding, in each case to a degree sufficient to provide a density ‘ot greater than that in the structure or structural mem- ber. When compacting concrete containing aggregates of significantly different particle densities (e.g. light- weight concrete with natural sand), care shall be taken to ensure that the coarse material does not segregate. 5.3 Treatment after compaction Immediately after compaction, the excess concrete shall be struck off and the concrete surface smoothed level with the top of the mould by means of a steel rule. The specimens so produced shall be clearly and du- rably marked, the marking incorporating the date of ‘specimen preparation. 6 Curing of specimens A Ge During hardening, the concrete shall be protected trom vibration. Once the conerete has hardened sufficiently, Usually after 16 hours, the specimens shall be carefully demoulded. Until testing, they may be lett on the base- plate to reduce the risk of damage. Immediately after preparation, specimens for suitabil- ity and quality testing shall be stored in the mould in a closed room at a draught-ree location, protected from loss of water, at a temperature of 15 to 22°C (pre- ferably at (20+ 2)"C). After demoulding they shall be placed on gratings and cured in water or in a moist Cabinet at 15 to 22°C (preferably at (20 + 2)°C) During storage in a moist cabinet, lightweight concrete specimens shall be protected against the absorption of further moisture (e.g. by wrapping them in suitable sheeting), Prior to testing, hardened concrete specimens shall be stored in the mould and further cured under conditions. as similar as possible to those existing in the concrete. intended for use in the structure. 6.2 Compressive strength and static modulus of elasticity Specimens for determining the compressive strength (cf. subclause 7.2) and the static modulus of elasticity (cf. subclause 7.5) shall be moist-cured for seven days after preparation, then placed on gratings andPage 4 DIN 1048 Part 5 stored at a draughtroe location ata temperature of 15 to 22°C (preferably at (20+2)"C). 6.3. Flexural strength and tensile splitting strength Specimens for determining the flexural strength and tensile splitting strength (ct. subclauses 7.3 and 7.4) shall be cured in water at a temperature of 15 to 22°C (preferably at (20:2)°C). After removal from the water, the specimens shall be covered with a damp cloth and stored for amaximum of one hour until testing. 6.4 Water permeability Immediately after demoulding the specimens, the cir- cular areas (100mm or 150mm in diameter) to be sub- jected to water pressure (cf. subclause 7.6) shall bo roughened by wire brushing and the specimens then placed on gratings and cured in water ata temperature Of 15 to 20°C (preferably at (20 +2) °C) until testing 7 Testing 7A Density The density of hardened concrete, gp, in kg/m?, shall be determined for the specimens prepared for strength testing, using the following equation: on =m/V where ‘mis the specimen mass, in kg; Vis the specimen volume, in ‘The volume shall be determined by measuring the specimen dimensions to an accuracy of 1mm and the specimen mass determined to an accuracy of 20g The density obtained shall be given to the nearest 10kgim* The density shall be determined before applying any capping layers necessary for further testing (cf. sub- clauses 7.2 to 7.8). From og, the dry density, ong. shall be calculated using the following equation: ox “ 4 era = ogee j 100 a) where fis the moisture content to be determined as specified in subclause 7.7 7.2 Compressive strength Before each test, it shall be checked whether the spec- imen surfaces to be subjected to testing are plane to within 0,1 mm, Where surfaces are uneven or not paral- lol, they shall be ground by the wet method or capped, to a thickness not exceeding 3mm. The capping material shall normally consist of a cement mortar composed of one part by mass of Z 45 F or Z 55 ‘cement complying with DIN 1164 Part 1 and one part by mass of washed natural sand of particle size group 0/1 ‘complying with DIN 4226 Part 1. The mixture shall be ap- plied by means of a glass or steel capping plate so as to obtain plane and square end surfaces. The specimens shall then be stored in moist air for 48 hours at a tem- perature of 15 to 22°C (preferably at (20 +2) °C) and tested at an age of not less than three days. After grinding or capping, the specimens shall be further cured as specified before testing. Specimens to be dry-cured shall not be tested within 24 hours after grinding or capping, ‘The faces of specimens to be tested at an age of up to seven days shall be wiped dry with a cloth after moist ‘curing and the specimens stored for approximately ‘one hour at ambient temperature betore testing. Cubes shall be placed in the testing machine so that the ‘mould-filling direction is normal to the direction of load- ing, and cylinders so that the load is applied to the end faces. The specimen shall be placed on the lower plat- ten of the testing machine and aligned with the centre of the thrust of the machine using a centring device wher- ever possible. Use of packing between the specimen and the platens is not permitted. The surface of the platens shall be free trom oil residues. ‘The load shall not be applied until the upper platen of the testing machine is in full contact over its entire area with the upper surface of the specimen, The load shall be applied steadily so as to increase the stress at a rate of (0,5 + 0,2)Nimm® per second. The compressive strength, fp, in N/mm?, shall be calcu- lated from the following equation: Bp = F/A @) where Fis the maximum load, in N; A is the area of the platens, in mm?, calculated from the side lengths of the specimen, measured to an accu- racy of 1mm at mid-height of the specimens, ‘The compressive strength shall be given to the nearest, AN/mm? for values of 10N/mm? or more, and to the nearest 0,1 N/mm? for values below 10Nimm2 7.3. Flexural strength For flexure testing, beams shall be placed in the testing machine so that the mould-flling direction is normal to the direction of loading (ct. figure 3). The supporting and loading rollers of the testing ma- chine shall have a circular cross section with a diam- ter of 20mm to 40mm and be at least 10mm longer than the width of the beam. They shall be arranged so that the beam is supported over a span that is 100 mm less than the beam length and that two equal loads, FI2, act at the third-points of the span, the roller axes lying in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the beam (ct. figure 3)9) Loading shall not be started until the loading rollers have been slowly lowered onto the specimen and all rollers are in full contact with the beam ‘The load shall be applied so as to increase the stress at a rate of (0,05 + 0,02) N/mm? per second, until failure, this being equivalent to a rate of loading of approxi- 3) Where the concrete is intended to be used in road construction, beams 100mm in height, 150mm in width and 700mm in length shall be placed in the ‘machine so that the original finished surface is in tension. They shall be supported over @ span of 600mm and subjected to a central load (i.e. one- point loading). ‘The points of contact between specimen and rollers shall be capped with mortar strips approximately 30mm wide. A minor unevenness of the surface may also be compensated for by rubber strips of Shore A hardness (50-5) as in DINS3805, 5mm thick and not less than 20mm wide, The load shall be applied so as to increase the stress at a rate of approximately 0,1 Nimm? per sec- ‘ond until failure, this being equivalent to a rate of loading of approximately 170N/s. The flexural strength, fizz, shall be calculated from the following equation: FsA8-1 Pz (3)Figure 3. Loading arrangement for 150mm x 160mm x 700mm long beam (two-point loading) mately 290N/ for a 150mm x 80mm x 700mm beam find of approximately SODNIs fora 200 mm 200 mm 800 min Bear) The flexural strength, dy, in Nim, shall be calcu lated trom the following savation Ful oR o Ba where F isthe breaking load, including the self-weight of the loading rollers (if relevant), in N; 1 Is the span between the supporting rollers, in mm; » Is the beam width at the point of failure, in mm; hi is the beam height at the point of failure, in mm, band hi shall be measured to an accuracy of 1 mm and gz, be given to the nearest 0,1Nimm? for values of 1Nimm? or more, and to the nearest 0,01 N/mm? for values below 1N/mm?, 7.4 Tensile splitting strength 7.41 Cylindrical specimens A concrete cylinder shall be placed centrally between the platens of a testing machine of the type used for ‘compression testing. Packing strips, 10 mm wide and 5mm thick, preferably made of plywood, with a density of 850 kg/m, as speci- tied in DIN68750, or of F 5 or H 1 compacted felt com- plying with DIN61 200 shall be placed between the platens and the cylinder (cf. figure 4). Loading shall not be started until platens, packing strips and specimen are in full contact with each other. The load shall be applied so as to increase the stress at a rate of (0,05 + 0,02) Nimm? per second, this being equivalent to a rate of loading of approxi mately S500N/s for cylindrical specimens 150mm in diameter and 300 mm in length ‘The tensile splitting strength, fsz, in Nimm?, shall be calculated from the following equation: (8) where F is the maximum load, in N; 4d ithe specimen diameter, in mm; 1 isthe specimen length, in mm. 4 and { shall be measured to an accuracy of 1mm nd fis, given to the nearest 0,1 N/mm? for values of ‘Nimm® or more, and to the nearest O,01Nimm? for values below 1 Nim DIN 1048 PartS Page 5 Packing strips, ‘Simm thick, 0mm wide Figure 4. Arrangement of loading of cylindrical speci- ‘mens for determining the tensile splitting strength 7.4.2. Prismatic and cubic specimens: Prismatic and cubic specimens (e.g. pieces remaining from flexure testing, cubes, etc.) shall be placed in the testing machine, with packing strips (ct, subclause 7.4.1) positioned along the top and bottom of the plane of loading of the specimen. The load shall be applied as a line load on the moulded faces in such @ way that the fracture plane will cross the trowelled surface (ctigure 5) ‘The load shall act along the entire width of the spec- imen. The packing strips shall be located on the moulded faces so that the upper strip is directly over the lower strip, their distance from the specimen end being at least equal to half the specimen height. The load shall be applied steadily so as to increase the Stress at a rate of (0,05 + 0,02) Nimm? per second, this being equivalent to a rate of loading of approximately 1750N/s for a 150mm square beam. The tensile split- ting strength, sz, in N/mm, shall be calculated from the following equation: 0.64F bh ©) F is the maximum load, in N; bs the width of the specimen (as shown in figure §), in ‘i is the height of the specimen (as shown in figure 5), b and hi shall be measured to an accuracy of 1mm and fv given to the nearest 0,1Nimm? for values of 4Nimm? or more, and to the nearest 0,01 Nimm? for values below 1Nimm? 7.5. Static modulus of elasticity The static modulus of elasticity in compression is the secant modulus calculated as the ratio of a given stress to the corresponding strain (normally deter- mined for specimens at an age of 28 days). Unless otherwise specified, the upper loading stress, Gq shall be approximately one-third of the com- Pressive strength, 3, of the specimen, determined ‘as the mean from three companion specimens, from the same batch as those to be used for deter- mining the static modulus of elasticity, and made and cured under similar conditions. Where the modulus ofPage 6 DIN 1048 Part 5 Original finished surface Packing strips, ‘5mm thick, 0mm wide Figure. Arrangement of loading of prismatic and cu- bic specimens for determining the tensile splitting strength elasticity is to be determined at a specific stress (e.g. at a stress equal to fj/2,1 (cf. DIN 1045), this stress shall be used as upper loading stress. ‘The specimen surfaces subjected to compression shall be plane and smooth (cf. subclause 7.2). The length measuring instruments shall be attached on opposite sides of the specimen and parallel to its axis in such a way that the gauge points are symmetrical about the middle of the specimen and are not nearer to either fend of the specimen than a distance equal to halt its diameter for cylindrical and equal to the larger side length of the end face for prismatic specimens. The specimen shall be placed centrally in the testing machine and the upper platen aligned so that itis in full contact with the specimen The specimen shall be subjected to a basic stress of approximately 0,5N/mm? (g,) and the actual stress calculated on the basis of the cross-sectional area at ‘mid-height of the specimen, Loading and unloading shall be carried out at a rate of (0,5+0.2)N/mm? per second, in accordance with the Toading diagram shown in figure 6. ‘After all elasticity measurements have been com- pleted, the specimen shall be loaded at the specified Fate until failure (cf. subclause 7.2). If the compressive strength of the specimen differs from the mean value by more than 20%, this shall be stated in the test report ‘The static modulus of elasticity in compression, Ey, in Nimmé, shall be calculated from the following equation: By = Ao/Ae= ” where , is the upper stress during third loading cycle, in N/ 14 Is the basic stress prior to third loading cycle, in N/ «y i8 the mean strain under the upper loading stress at point B (cf. figure 6); {is the mean strain under the basic loading stress at point A (ct. figure 6) The modulus of elasticity shall be given to the nearest 100 N/mm?, 7.6 Water permeability The permeability test gives a measure of the resistance: of concrete against the penetration of water exerting Niemen? a ~ =, =P st = =F =H Timed In the above diagram, ‘Ais the point of reading the basic stress, 4 (and cor- responding strain, <4, and gauge length /,, respec tively), prior to the third loading eycle, B is the point of reading the upper stress, a (and cor- responding strain, «,, and gauge length, /,, respec- tively), during the third loading cycle; tis the time of loading and unloading resulting from the rate of loading and unloading. Figure 6. Stress-time diagram for determining the modulus of elasticity pressure. It shall normally be carried out when the age of the concrete is 28 to 35 days, ‘A concrete specimen shall be exposed either from above or below to a water pressure of 0,5N/mm® act- ing normal to the mould-tlling direction, for @ period of three days. This pressure shall be kept constant throughout the test. If water penetrates through to the underside of the specimen, the test may be terminated land the specimen rejected as failed. It shall be checked whether and when the unexposed specimen faces show signs of water permeation. Im- ‘mediately after the pressure has been released, the specimen shall be removed and split down the centre, with the face which was exposed to water facing down. When the split faces show signs of drying (after about 5 to 10 minutes), the maximum depth of penetra- tion in the direction of slab thickness, shall be mea- sured, in mm, and the extent of water permeation established ‘The mean of the maximum depth of penetration ob- tained from three specimens thus tested shall be taken as the test result. 7.7 Moisture content For determining the moisture content, broken pieces of ‘specimens that have been tested in accordance with Subclauses 7.2 to 7.5 shall be weighed immediately after testing and then dried to constant mass at a tem- erature of 105°C. Constant mass shall be deemed Feached when the mass determined by weighing after 24 hours does not change by more than 1%s. The mois- ture content shall be calculated as the ratio of the ditfer- fence in mass to the mass of the dried specimen, as a percentage, using the following equation: == «199 © ma where ini the specimen mass before drying, in ‘ms the specimen mass after drying, In 9 8 Test report ‘The test report shall include all information relevant for assessment of the test results8.1 Information to be provided by the manufacturer or representative of the test house taking samples: 1) sampling site and structural member from where the specimens originate; b) date of specimen preparation and, if appropriate, place and method of sampling: ©) identification of specimens; 4) conditions of storage and curing of specimens until supplied to the testing laboratory ©) required properties of the concrete, 8.2 Information to be provided by the test house: a) date of receipt of the specimens; b) appearance of specimens when received; ©) identitication of specimens: 4) conditions of storage and curing until testing (includ- ing binders used in capping or grinding method) ©) date of test; DIN 1048 Part Page 7 1) age of specimens at start of test; 9) specimen dimensions; h) density of specimens prior to testing as specified in subclauses 7.2 to 7.7; individual and mean values: ') results of testing as specified in subclause 7.2 to 77: individual and mean values; J) any occurrences that might have affected the test, results. 8.3 Additional information to be provided where the static modulus of elasticity was determined: 4) type of measuring instruments and gauge length; ) basic loading stress: ©) upper loading stress; 4d) mean strain under upper and basic loading stress; ©) calculated static modulus of elasticity in compres- sion,Page 8 DIN 1048 Part 5 Standards referred to DIN 459 Concrete mixers; concepts, sizes and requirements DIN. 1045 Structural use of concrete; design and construction DIN 1164 Part 1 Portland, Portland blastturnace, blastfurnace slag and trass cement; concepts, constituents, requirements and supply DIN 1819 Part 2 Basic concepts in metrology; terminology relating to the use of measuring instruments DIN 4226 Part 1 Aggregates for concrete; aggregates of dense structure (heavy aggregates); terminology, desig- nation and requirements DIN. 4232 No fines lightweight concrete walls; design and construction DIN 4235 Part 2. Compaction of concrete by vibration; compacting with internal vibrators DIN 4285 Part 3. Compaction of concrete by vibration; compacting with external vibrators in the production of pre- cast elements DIN 51 220 Materials testing machines; general DIN 51 223. Materials testing machines; compression testing machines; requirements. DIN 51 227 Materials testing machines; bend testing machines DIN 51 229 (at present at stage of draft) Moulds for concrete specimens DIN 51 300 Materials testing machines; verification of materials testing machines; general DIN 51 302 Part 1 Materials testing machines; verification of tensile, compression and bend testing machines; prin- ciples DIN 53 505 ‘Shore hardness testing A and D of rubber, elastomers and plastics DIN 61 200 Hardness of felt DIN 68 750 Fibre building board; softboard and hardboard; grading 180 4013: 1978 Conerete; determination of flexural strength of test specimens Previous editions. DIN 1048: 09.26, 04.32, 10.37, 43x; DIN 1048 Part 3: 01.75; DIN 1048 Part 1: 01.72, 12.78. Amendments In comparison with the December 1978 edition of DIN 1048 Part 1, specifications for hardened concrete are now given in this Part of DIN 1048 (testing of fresh concrete being covered in Part 1). Explanatory notes Inthe flexure test (which is based on ISO 4013: 1978), the direction of loading has been specified as running normal to the mould-filing direction. Since the strength of the beam is normally at its greatest in the zone which is at the bottom during filing of the mould, the values obtained when using this arrangement may be somewhat lower than normal, but are nonetheless on the safe side. On the other hand, the test has been made simpler to perform since mortar or rubber strips are no longer required in connection with the loading arrangement. The number of loading cycles for determining the modulus of elasticity has been reduced to three, since experience has shown that the modulus does not change significantly after the third cycle. The water permeability test has been simplified by specifying a constant water pressure of 0,5 N/mm: acting for three days instead of varying water pres- sures (0,1, 0,8 and 0,7 Nimm?) for a total of four days. Interlaboratory tests have shown both methods to be equivalent. ‘The Verband der Materialprifungsamter (Association of Materials Testing Institutes) keeps a list of testing centres accredited for veritying materials testing machines in compliance with DIN 51 300 (ct. subclause 4.3) International Patent Classification E04G 2102 E04 G 21/24 Got N 33/38