Massa - Gaya
1 Ib(m) = 0.45359237 kg 1Ibf = 4.4482 N
= 7000 grain 1N = 1 kg-m/s2
1 kg = 1000 g 1 ton = 0.22481 Ibf
1 ton = 1000 kg
1 slug = 32.174 Ibm
= 14.5939 kg
= 444, 800 dyne
Tekanan Temperatur/suhu
1 kPa = I000 N/m2 = 20.886 Ibf /ft2 C=5 R=4 F=9
1 atm = 760 torr = 1.01325 x 10 5 N/m 2 o
1 Pa = 1 N/m2 R = 4/5 x oC
o
1 bar = 1.105 Pa C = 5/4 x oR
o
1 bar = 0.9869 atm
o F = (9/5 x oC) + 32o
C = 5/9 x (oF-32o)
Energi 1 °K = 1.8 °R
1 torr = 1 mm Hg °K = °C + 273.15
1J = 1 kg-m2 /s 2
= 1.933 × 10 -2 psi
1 mm Hg = 0.01934 Ibf /in2 = 10 7 erg
1 erg = 1 dyne-cm
1 kalori = 4.186 J
1 Btu = 252.16 kal
1 in. Hg = 0.491 Ibf /in 2 = 1.05504 kJ
1 ft-lbf = 1.3558 J
1dyne/cm 2 = 10 -1 N/m 2
1 ev = 1.602 x 10 -19 J
1W = 1 J/s
P atm
A. Pe = A. P atm + W,
Pe
Dimana :
Dengan mengeliminasi A,
Pe
3 1,85
1 ,6x10
∆P = xQ xL Pa
d5
xPabs
Dimana : L = panjang salura (m)
D = Diameter dalam saluran (m)
Q = Debit aliran udara (m3/s)
Pabs = Tekanan absolute dalam Pa (N/m2)
Vmaju =
Q
A
Vmundur = Q
A n
Dimana :
V = kecepatan torak (m/s)
Q = debit aliran udara (ltr/mnt) A =
luas Penampang Torak (m2) An= A-Ak
(m2)
(Pe + P atm )
Q maju = A. S. n . =.....(ltr/mn)
P atm
(Pe + P atm )
Q mundur = A. S. n . (lt/mnt)
P atm
Dimana:
S = Langkah torak (m)
Pe = Tekanan (N/m2)
A = Luas Penampang (m2)
An = A-Ak (m2)
Ak = Luas batang torak (m2)
n = Banyaknya langkah (kali/menit)
Kebutuhan udara bertekanan yang diperlukan (Q) juga dapat dicari melalui
rumus:
D2 S 3
( P + 101 , 3 x 10 − 12
Q =0,
) m3/s (Majumdar, 2001)
7854 x
10
t 101 ,3
P2 = Q . Pe
Q Pe
P2 =
600
P 2
P1 =
η
Gambar 57. Analisis Daya Pompa
Pe2 = Pe1 . A1
η
Dimana : A 2
Pe1 = Tekanan awal (N/m2)
Pe2 = Tekanan akhir (N/m2)
A 1 = Luas Penampang 1
A 2 = Luas Penampang 2