S TAT E TA B L E S
State Table Notes
A full explanation of the sources of data and methodology is in Methodology.
Notes for all state data tables
1. Total Population is based on 2016 U.S. Census and represents the at-
risk populations in counties with ozone or PM2.5 pollution monitors; it
does not represent the entire state’s sensitive populations.
2. Those 18 & under and 65 & over are vulnerable to ozone and PM2.5.
Do not use them as population denominators for disease estimates—
that will lead to incorrect estimates.
3. Pediatric asthma estimates are for those under 18 years of age and
represent the estimated number of people who had asthma in 2016
based on the state rates when available or national rates when not
(Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, or BRFSS), applied to
county population estimates (U.S. Census).
4. Adult asthma estimates are for those 18 years and older and represent
the estimated number of people who had asthma during 2016 based
on state rates (BRFSS) applied to county population estimates (U.S.
Census).
5. COPD estimates are for adults 18 and over who had ever been
diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes
chronic bronchitis and emphysema, based on state rates (BRFSS)
ED
applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
GO
R
6. Lung cancer estimates are for all ages and represent the estimated
A
B
number of people diagnosed with lung cancer in 2014 based on state
EM
rates (StateCancerProfiles.gov) applied to county population estimates
(U.S. Census).
7. Cardiovascular disease estimates are for adults 18 and over who have
been diagnosed within their lifetime, based on state rates (BRFSS)
applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census). CV disease
includes coronary heart disease, stroke and heart attack.
8. Diabetes estimates are for adults 18 and over who have been
diagnosed within their lifetime based on state rates (BRFSS) applied to
county population estimates (U.S. Census).
9. Poverty estimates include all ages and come from the U.S. Census
Bureau’s Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates program. The
estimates are derived from a model using estimates of income or
poverty from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement and the
Current Population Survey, 2016.
10. Adding across rows does not produce valid estimates. Adding the at-
risk categories (asthma, COPD, poverty, etc.) will double-count people
who fall into more than one category.
LUNG.org AMERICAN LUNG ASSOCIATION STATE OF THE AIR 2018
Notes for all state grades tables.
1. Not all counties have monitors for either ozone or particle pollution.
If a county does not have a monitor, that county’s name is not on the
list in these tables. The decision about monitors in the county is made
by the state and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, not by the
American Lung Association.
2. INC (Incomplete) indicates that monitoring is underway for that
pollutant in that county, but that the data are incomplete for all
three years. For particle pollution, some states collected data, but
experienced laboratory quality issues that meant the data could not be
used for assessing pollution levels.
3. DNC (Data Not Collected) indicates that data on that particular
pollutant is not collected in that county.
4. The Weighted Average (Wgt. Avg) was derived by adding the three
years of individual level data (2014-2016), multiplying the sums of
each level by the assigned standard weights (i.e. 1=orange, 1.5=red,
2.0=purple and 2.5=maroon) and calculating the average. Grades are
assigned based on the weighted averages as follows: A=0.0, B=0.3-0.9,
C=1.0-2.0, D=2.1-3.2, F=3.3+.
5. The Design Value is the calculated concentration of a pollutant based
on the form of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard and is used
by EPA to determine whether the air quality in a county meets the
standard. The numbers refer to micrograms per cubic meter, or µg/
m3. Design values for the annual PM2.5 concentrations by county
for the period 2014-2016 are as posted on July 26, 2017 at EPA’s
website at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-07/
pm25_designvalues_20142016_final_07_14_17.xlsx. The 2014-2016
design values were compared to the 2012 National Ambient Air Quality
Standard for Annual PM2.5, particularly to the EPA’s assessment of data
quality required, as discussed on EPA’s website at https://www.epa.
gov/pm-pollution/2012-national-ambient-air-quality-standards-naaqs-
particulate-matter-pm. Many design values are missing because state
data did not meet quality requirements.
6. The annual average National Ambient Air Quality Standard for PM2.5 is
12 µg/m3 as of December 14, 2012. Counties with design values of 12
or lower received a grade of “Pass.” Counties with design values of 12.1
or higher received a grade of “Fail.”
 S TAT E TA B L E S

MAINE
American Lung Association in Maine
www.lung.org/maine
AT-RISK GROUPS
Lung Diseases
Total 65 & Pediatric Adult Lung Cardiovascular
County Population Under 18 Over Asthma Asthma COPD Cancer Disease Diabetes Poverty
Androscoggin 107,319 23,377 18,060 1,722 10,353 6,027 78 7,944 8,338 13,210
Aroostook 67,959 12,533 15,295 923 6,695 4,298 50 6,000 6,203 10,804
Cumberland 292,041 56,118 50,716 4,135 29,127 16,890 213 22,245 23,324 28,431
Franklin 30,001 5,431 6,145 400 2,994 1,845 22 2,518 2,619 4,111
Hancock 54,419 9,612 12,457 708 5,406 3,487 40 4,878 5,043 5,877
Kennebec 120,569 23,791 21,675 1,753 11,855 7,105 88 9,468 9,950 16,479
Knox 39,744 7,204 9,324 531 3,926 2,539 29 3,574 3,678 4,376
Oxford 57,217 10,877 11,771 801 5,606 3,553 42 4,876 5,094 7,565
Penobscot 151,806 27,838 26,940 2,051 15,327 8,846 111 11,666 12,196 21,460
Sagadahoc 35,273 6,793 7,414 500 3,451 2,179 26 3,003 3,122 3,245

ED
Washington 31,450 5,974 7,284 440 3,071 1,993 23 2,805 2,890 5,615

RGO
York 202,343 39,021 38,764 2,875 19,931 12,169 147 16,425 17,186 16,132

BA
Totals 1,190,141 228,569 225,845 16,840 117,742 70,931 867 95,401 99,643 137,305

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101 LUNG.org AMERICAN LUNG ASSOCIATION STATE OF THE AIR 2018

 S TAT E TA B L E S

MAINE
American Lung Association in Maine
www.lung.org/maine
HIGH OZONE DAYS 2014–2016 HIGH PARTICLE POLLUTION DAYS 2014–2016
24-Hour Annual
Wgt. Wgt. Design Pass/
County Orange Red Purple Avg. Grade Orange Red Purple Avg. Grade Value Fail
Androscoggin 0 0 0 0.0 A 0 0 0 0.0 A 6.9 PASS
Aroostook 0 0 0 0.0 A 1 2 0 1.3 C 8.2 PASS
Cumberland 2 0 0 0.7 B 0 0 0 0.0 A INC INC
Franklin DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC INC INC INC INC INC INC INC
Hancock 5 0 0 1.7 C 0 0 0 0.0 A INC INC
Kennebec 0 0 0 0.0 A INC INC INC INC INC INC INC
Knox 2 0 0 0.7 B DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC
Oxford 0 0 0 0.0 A 0 0 0 0.0 A INC INC
Penobscot 0 0 0 0.0 A 0 0 0 0.0 A 6.8 PASS
Sagadahoc INC INC INC INC INC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC

OED
Washington 0 0 0 0.0 A DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC

ARG
York 7 0 0 2.3 D DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC

EMB

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 2018
We will breathe easier when the air in every
American community is clean and healthy.

We will breathe easier when people are free from the addictive
grip of tobacco and the debilitating effects of lung disease.

We will breathe easier when the air in our public spaces and
workplaces is clear of secondhand smoke.

We will breathe easier when children no longer

battle airborne poisons or fear an asthma attack.

Until then, we are fighting for air.

About the American Lung Association

The American Lung Association is the leading organization working to save lives by
improving lung health and preventing lung disease, through research, education and
advocacy. The work of the American Lung Association is focused on four strategic
imperatives: to defeat lung cancer; to improve the air we breathe; to reduce the burden
of lung disease on individuals and their families; and to eliminate tobacco use and tobacco-
related diseases. For more information about the American Lung Association, a holder of
the Better Business Bureau Wise Giving Guide Seal, or to support the work it does, call
1-800-LUNGUSA (1-800-586-4872) or visit: www.Lung.org.