STRUCTURE
1.Figure below shows part of the Periodic Table of elements. Based on
diagram below, answer the following questions.
(a)What is the element represented by the symbol Fe?
Iron [1 mark]
[1 mark] (b)What is the total number of subatomic particles in an atom Y?
(b)In diagram above, mark X in the boxes for all the transition elements. 48
[1 mark]
(c)Write the electron arrangement of atom Y.
2.8.6
[1 mark]
(d)(i) In which group of the Periodic Table is element Y found?
[1 mark] 16
(c)State two specific characteristic of transition elements. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain your answer in (c)(i).
Able to form coloured compound/Able to form
complex ions/Ability to form compound in It has 6 valence electrons
[1 mark]
variable oxidation states/Act as catalysts in certain (e)(i) Which period of the Periodic Table is element Y found?
reactions.(Choose any 2)
Period 3
[1 mark]
[2 marks] (ii) Explain your answer in (e) (i).
(d)Write the electron arrangement for the Mg and Al atom Atom Y has three electron shells containing
Mg : 2.8.2 electrons.
Al : 2.8.3 [1 mark]
[2 marks] (f)Predict one physical property of the oxide of Y.
(e)(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between aluminium
and oxygen.
Oxide of Y has low melting and boiling point.
[1 mark]
(i) 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 (g)If another element Z belong s to the same group as Y in the Periodic
[1 mark] Table but in one period above Y,
(ii) Briefly state the electron transfer in the bond formation between (i) write the electron arrangement of atom Z
aluminium and oxygen. 2.6
(ii) Aluminium atom donates three electrons to
form aluminium ion while oxygen atom accepts [1 mark]
two electrons from aluminium to form oxide ion. (ii) write the symbol of atom Z as for Y in the figure above.
The strong electrostatic attraction between 16
8 Z [1 mark]
aluminium and oxide ion forms a compound that
is aluminium oxide. 3.Table
below shows the proton numbers and the
[3 marks]
(f)Why He not chemically reactive? number of neutrons for several elements.
Element Number of Number of
Because He has a completely filled valence protons neutrons
electron shell which is stable. V 3 4
[1 mark] W 10 10
X 11 12
Helium Gas Hydrogen Gas Y 16 16
Not reactive Flammable Z 17 18
Colourless Colourless (a)Determine
(g)(i) Based on the above information, which gas is more suitable to be
used in meteorological balloons. (i) metal : V and X
(i) Helium gas (ii) non-metal : Y and Z
[2 marks] (iii) noble gas : W
[3 marks]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (g)(i).
(b)State two elements which are placed in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
(ii) Helium gas is not reactive and not flammable. V and X
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
2.The information below shows the symbol of an atom of the element Y. (c)Write the chemical equation for the reaction between element V with
water.
2V(s) +2H2O(l) 2VOH(aq) + H2(g)
(a)Draw the atomic structure of an atom of the element Y. [1 mark]
(d)(i) Write the electron arrangement for atoms of element Y.
2.8.6 [2 marks]
[1 mark] (e)(i) Which element is chemically inert?
(ii) State the group for element Y in the Periodic Table. Z
16 [1 mark]
[1 mark] (ii) Give the reason for your answer in (e)(i).
(e)Why are the melting point and boiling point of element Z low? The outermost shell for P has been filled fully with
Z molecules are pulled together by forces of electrons.
[1 mark]
attraction between molecules which are weak. A (f)An element W has a proton number 11. Between X, Y and Z, which
little heat energy is needed to overcome it. shows similar chemical properties to element W?
X
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
(f)X reacts vigorously with Z
(i) Write the chemical equation to present this reaction.
2X(s) + Z2(g) 2RT(s) 5.
[1 mark] The table below shows some properties of the elements in
Period 3.
(ii) What type of bond exists in this reaction.
Ionic bond
[1 mark]
(c)
[1 mark] Manipulated variable: Oxide of the three
9) (a) Problem statement: What is the trend elements.
of the reactivity of Group 1 when descending Responding variable: Acidity or alkalinity of
the group from lithium to potassium? oxide
Fixed variable: Sodium hydroxide solution
(b) Hypothesis: The reactivity for Group 1 and dilute nitric acid
will decreases up to the group.
(d)
(c) Materials: Small pieces of lithium, sodium, Reagent A oxide B oxide C oxide
potassium, basin filled with water, filter paper Used
and blue litmus paper. Dilute HNO3 Dissolve Dissolved Not
Apparatus: Pen knife, basin and tongs. acid d Dissolved
NaOH Not Dissolved Dissolved
(d) Procedure: solution Dissolve
A piece of lithium metal is removed from the d
bottle. A small piece of the metal is cut
using a pen knife. A piece a filter paper is (e)
used to absorb the paraffin oil from the A oxide: basic
metal. B oxide: amphoteric
The lithium metal is then dropped into a basin C oxide: acidic
of water carefully using a pair of tongs.
The observation is recorded. (f) Acidic property of oxides of the elements
The solution formed in the basin is tested with increases to the order A B C is moving
a piece of blue litmus paper. from the left to the right side of the same
Repeat the experiment using small pieces of period.
sodium and potassium metal.