Quantum Mechanics - GATE 2010-2017

fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT‐JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES

QUANTUM MECHANICS SOLUTIONS
GATE- 2010
Q1. Which of the following is an allowed wavefunction for a particle in a bound state? N is
a constant and α, β > 0.
e r
(a)   N (b)   N 1  e r 
r3
(c)   Ne x e   x  (d)   0non - zero constant if r  R
2
 y2 z2
 if r  R
Ans: (c)
Q2. A particle of mass m is confined in the potential
 1
V  x    2 m x
2 2
for x  0
 for x  0
Let the wavefunction of the particle be given by
1 2
 x     0  1 ,
5 5
where  0 and  1 are the eigenfunctions of the ground state and the first excited state
respectively. The expectation value of the energy is

31 25 13 11
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 
10 10 10 10
Ans: (a)
Solution: For half parabolic potential
3 7 1 3 4 7 31
E0   , E1    E       .
2 2 5 2 5 2 10
2
Q3. For a spin-s particle, in the eigen basis of S , Sz the expectation value sm S z2 sm is
(a)

 2 s s  1  m 2  
(b)  2 s s  1  2m 2 
2

(c)  s s  1  m 2
2
 (d)  2 m 2
Ans: (a)
1 1
sm S   S   sm  sm S 2  S 2  S  S   S  S  sm
2
Solution: sm S z2 sm 
2 2
1
 sm S  S   S  S  sm 
2
2
2
s s  1  m 2  

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fiziks, H.No. 23, G.F, Jia Sarai, Anand Institute of Mathematics,

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Q4. A particle of mass m is confined in an infinite potential well:
V x   0 if 0  x  L,
 otherwise.
 2x 
It is subjected to a perturbing potential V p  x   Vo sin  
 L  V x 
within the well. Let E(a) and E(2) be corrections to the ground
state energy in the first and second order in V0, respectively. V p x 
0 L
Which of the following are true?
(a) E(a) = 0; E(2) < 0 (b) E(a) >
0; E(2) = 0
(c) E(a) = 0; E(2) depends on the sign of V0 (d) E(a) < 0; E(2) < 0
Ans: (a)
2
2
L
2x  m VP  1
Solution: E   V0 sin
1
1 dx  0 ; E12    E1  E m so E12  ve .
L0 L m 1 E1  Em
GATE- 2011
Q5. The quantum mechanical operator for the momentum of a particle moving in one
dimension is given by
d d  2 d 2
(a) i (b)  i (c) i (d) 
dx dx t 2m dx 2
Ans: (b)
Q6. An electron with energy E is incident from left on a potential barrier, given by
V ( x) = 0 for x < 0 V x 
= V0 for x > 0
V0
as shown in the figure. For E < V0, the space part of the
E
wavefunction for x > 0 is of the form
(a) eax (b) e-ax (c) eiax x
0
(d)e-iax
Ans: (b)
Solution:  E  V0 , so there is decaying wave function.





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Q7. If Lx, Ly and Lz are respectively the x, y and z components of angular momentum operator
L. The commutator [Lx Ly, Lz] is equal to
(a) i L2x  L2y  (b) 2iLz (c) i L2x  L2y  (d) 0
Ans: (c)
 
Solution: Lx L y , Lz = Lx Ly Lz   Lx , Lz Ly = iL2x  L2y 
Q8. The normalized ground state wavefunciton of a hydrogen atom is given by

1 2
 r   e r / a , where a is the Bohr radius and r is the distance of the electron
4 a
3/ 2
1
from the nucleus, located at the origin. The expectation value is
r2
8 4 4 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
a2 a2 a2 a2
Ans: (d)
  2
1 1 1 2  2ar 2
3  2
Solution:  r e dr   sin  d d  2
r2 4a 0 r 0 0
a
Q9. The normalized eigenstates of a particle in a one-dimensional potential well
V x   0 if 0  x  a
 otherwise
2  nx 
are given by  n  x   sin   , where n = 1, 2, 3,….
a  a 
The particle is subjected to a perturbation
 x  a
V '  x   Vo cos  for 0  x 
 a 2
=0 otherwise
Q10. The shift in the ground state energy due to the perturbation, in the first order perturbation
theory,
2Vo Vo Vo 2Vo
(a) (b) (c)  (d) 
3 3 3 3





fiziks

Ans: (a)
a/2
3 x
sin
 x   x 
a/2 a/2
2 2 2V0
Solution: E11   1 V x  1dx    V0 a 
*
sin 2  V0 cos dx
a  a  a a  3
0 0 3
a 0
Common data questions Q-10 and Q-11

Q11. In a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, φ0, φ1 and φ2 are respectively the ground, first
and the second excited states. These three states are normalized and are orthogonal to one
another. ψ1 and ψ2 are two states defined by
ψ1 = φ0 - 2φ1 + 3φ2 , ψ2 = φ0 – φ1 + αφ2
where α is a constant
Q12. The value of α which ψ2 is orthogonal to ψ1 is

(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) – 1 (d) – 2
Ans: (c)
Solution: For orthogonal condition scalar product (ψ2, ψ1)=0 so 1  2  3  0    1 .
Q13. For the value of α determined in Q30, the expectation value of energy of the oscillator in
the state ψ2 is
(a) ħω (b) 3 ħω/2 (c) 3 ħω (d) 9 ħω/2
Ans: (b)
 3 5
2 H 2  
Solution:  2  0  1  2 put   1 , H   2 2 2  3 
2 2 3 2





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GATE- 2012
Q14. A particle of mass m is confined in a two dimensional square well potential of

dimension a. This potential V(x, y) is given by
V(x, y) = 0 for –a < x < a and –a < y < a
= ∞ elsewhere
The energy of the first excited state for this particle is given by,
 2 2 2 2  2 5 2  2 4 2  2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
ma 2 ma 2 8ma 2 ma 2
Ans: (c)
 2 2 5 2  2
 2 2
Solution: E   n  n 2 2
  n  n 
2
x
2
y  n x  1, n y  2 .
2m  2a 
x y 2
8ma 2 8ma 2
 
Q15. Consider the wavefunction    r1 , r2  s for a fermionic system consisting of two spin-
half particles. The spatial part of the wavefunction is given by
 
 r1 , r2  
1
1 r1  2 r2    2 r1 1 r2 
2
where 1and 2 are single particle states. The spin part χs of the wavefunction with spin
states   1 / 2 and - 1/2  should be
1 1
(a)     (b)     (c) αα (d) ββ
2 2
Ans: (b)
Solution: Since  r1 , r2  is symmetric the total wavefunction must be antisymmetric for fermions
so spin part must be antisymmetric.





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Q16. A particle is constrained to move in a truncated harmonic potential well (x > 0) as shown
in the figure. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
(a) The parity of the first excited state is even
(b) The parity of the ground state is even Vx
1
(c) the ground state energy is 
2
7
(d) The first excited state energy is 
2
Ans: (d) x
3 7
Solution: There is only odd parity. Ground state is  and first excited  
2 2
Q17. Consider a system in the unperturbed state described by the Hamiltonian, H0  1 0 .
0 1 
The system is subjected to a perturbation of the form H'   

   , when δ<< 1. The
energy eigenvalues of the perturbed system using the first order perturbation
approximation are
(a) 1 and (1 + 2δ) (b) (1 + δ) and (1 - δ)
(c) (1+ 2δ) and (1 - 2δ) (d) (1+ δ) and (1 - 2δ)
Ans: (a)
Solution: H 0  H  , H0 is degenerate so after using degenerate perturbation through diagonalized
 2 0 1 0  2 0
H  one will get H    , H      .
0 0 0 1 0 0
So E  1  2 and 1 0 .





fiziks

Q18. The ground state wavefunction for the hydrogen atom is given by
3/ 2
1  1 
 100    e  r / a0 , where a 0 is the Bohr radius. The plot of the radial probability
4  a 0 
density, P(r) for the hydrogen atom in the ground state is
(a) (b)
P(r) P(r)
r/a 0 r/a 0
(c) (d)
P(r) P(r)
r/a 0 r/a 0
Ans: (d)
3/ 2
1 1
Solution: The ground state is given by  100    e r / a0
4  a0 
Radial probability function
Pr 
1 1 2  2 r / a0
Pr    r =
2 2
r e
4 a0 r / a0
Common Data for Questions 19–20
The wavefunction of particle moving in free space is given by,   e ikx  2e ikx
Q19. The energy of the particle is
5 2 k 2 3 2 k 2 2k 2 2k 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2m 4m 2m m
Ans: (c)





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   
2 2 2
Solution: H  E , H   ik ik e ikx  2 ik  ik e ikx
2m x 2
2m
 2 k 2 ikx 2 k 2
 H  (e  2e 2ikx )  
2m 2m
Q20. The probability current density for the real part of the wavefunction is
k k
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 0
m 2m
Ans: (d)
Solution: The real part of the wave function real  cos kx  2 cos kx
Current density for real part of wave function = 0
GATE- 2013
Q21. Which one of the following commutation relations is NOT CORRECT? Here, symbols
have their usual meanings.

(a) L2 , L z  0   
(b) L x , L y  iL z
(c) L z , L   L (d) L z , L   L

Ans: (d)
Q22. A proton is confined to a cubic box, whose sides have length 10 12 m . What is the
minimum kinetic energy of the proton? The mass of proton is 1.67  10 27 kg and
Planck’s constant is 6.63  10 34 Js .

(a) 1.1  10 17 J (b) 3.3  10 17 J (c) 9.9  10 17 J (d) 6.6  10 17 J
Ans: (c)
3 2  2
Solution: 2
 9.9 1017
2ma





fiziks

Q23. A spin-half particle is in a linear superposition 0.8   0.6  of its spin-up and spin-
down states. If  and  are the eigenstates if  z then what is the expectation value
up to one decimal place, of the operator 10 z  5 x ? Here, symbols have their usual
meanings. _______________
Ans: 76
1  0   .8 
Solution:   .8   .6   .8   .6    
 0  1   .6 
1 0 0 1 10 5 
Operator A  10 z  5 x  10   5   A   
0 1 1 0  5 10 
10 5  .8 
A   A  .8 .6   = 88  12   76
 5 10  .6 
Q24. Consider the wave function Ae i k r r0 / r  , where A is the normalization constant.
For r  2r0 , the magnitude of probability current density up to two decimal places, in
 
units of A 2 k / m is. _____________
Ans:
2 2
 2 k 2 r k 2 r k 2 k
Solution: J    A 0 J A 0 J A
m r m 2r0 m 4m
Common data questions 25 and 26

5 2 0 
To the given unperturbed Hamiltonian 2 5 0
0 0 2
1 1 1
we add a small perturbation given by  1 1  1 where  is small quantity.

1  1 1 





fiziks

Q25. The ground state eigenvector of the unperturbed Hamiltonian is

(a) 1 / 2 ,1 2 ,0  
(b) 1 / 2 ,1 / 2 ,0 
(c) 0,0,1 (d) 1,0,0 
Ans: (c)
5 2 0 1 1 1
   
H 0   2 5 0  , H P    1 1  1
0 0 2 1  1 1 
 
Eigen value of H 0 is E1  2, E2  3, E3  7 and the Eigen vector corresponds
0 1 1

  1   1  
to 1   0  , 2  1 , 3  1 .
1 2   2  
  0 0
Q26. A pair of eigenvalues of the perturbed Hamiltonian, using first order perturbation theory,
is
(a) 3  2 ,7  2 (b) 3  2 ,2  
(c) 3, 7  2 (d) 3, 2  2
Ans: (c)
Solution: E1  1 H P 1  1  E1  2  1
1 1 1 1 1
1   1   1  
E2  2 H P 2  1  1 0. 1 1  1.   1 = 0 0 1  1  0
2 1  1 1  2  0  2 0
     
1 1 1  1 1
1   1   1  
E3  3 H P 3  1 1 0  . 1 1 1 .  1  =  . 2 2 0. 1 
2 1 1 1  2  0  2  0
     
1
 E 3  4  2
2
E1  2  1 , E 2  3  0 , E3  7  2 .





fiziks

GATE- 2014
Q27. The recoil momentum of an atom is p A when it emits an infrared photon of wavelength
1500 nm , and it is p B when it emits a photon of visible wavelength 500 nm . The ratio
pA
is
pB
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 3 : 2

Ans: (c)
h p A B  B 500
Solution: p  ,  ,  =1 : 3
 pB A  A 1500
Q28. The ground state and first excited state wave function of a one dimensional infinite
potential well are  1 and  2 respectively. When two spin-up electrons are placed in this
potential which one of the following with x1 and x2 denoting the position of the two
electrons correctly represents the space part of the ground state wave function of the
system?
1 1
(a)  1 x1  2 x1    1 x2  2 x2  (b)  1 x1  2 x2    1 x2  2 x1 
2 2
1 1
(c)  1 x1  2 x1    1 x2  2 x2  (d  1 x1  2 x 2    1 x 2  2 x1  )
2 2
Ans: (d)
Solution: From the given information only possible spin configuration is symmetric in nature so
space part will anti symmetric
1
 1 x1  2 x 2    1 x 2  2 x1 
2
 
Q29. If L is the orbital angular momentum and S is the spin angular momentum, then L.S
does not commute with
 
(a) S z (b) L2 (c) S 2 
(d) L  S 2
Ans: (d)





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Q30. An electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom has the wave function
 r 
  
 1
 r   e  a0 
a 03
where a0 is constant. The expectation value of the operator Qˆ  z 2  r 2 , where
z  r cos  is
 n  n  1! )
(Hint:  0
e ar r n dr 
a n 1

a n 1
 a 02  3a 02
(a) (b)  a 02 (c) (d)  2a02
2 2
Ans: (d)
Solution: Qˆ  z 2  r 2  a02  3a02  2a02
Q31. A particle of mass m is subjected to a potential
V  x, y  
1
2
 
m 2 x 2  y 2 ,    x  ,  y  
The state with energy 4  is g  fold degenerate. The value of g is______

Ans: 4
Solution: This is two isotropic dimensional harmonic oscillator the energy eigen value for nth
state is E n  (n  1) with degeneracy g n  (n  1) so degeneracy for 4  is 4 .
Q32. A hydrogen atom is in the state
8 3 4
  200   310   321
21 7 21
where n, l , m in  nl m denote the principal. Orbit and magnetic quantum numbers,

respectively. If L is the angular momentum operator, the average value of L2 is
_______  2
Ans: 2





fiziks

Solution: If L will measure on state  the measurement is 0 2 , 2 2 and 6 2 with probability
2
8 3 4 3 4
, and so L2  2 2   6 2  = 2 2
21 7 21 7 21
1
Q33.  1and 2 are two orthogonal states of a spin system. It is given that
2
1 1 2 0
1      ,
3 0 3  1 
1  0
where   and   represent the spin-up and spin-down states, respectively. When the
0 1
system is in the state  2 its probability to be in the spin-up state is _______
2
Ans:
3
1 1 2 0 2 1 1  0
Solution: If is  1      , then  2      ,
3 0 3  1  3  0 3  1 
2
so probability that  2 is in up state is
3
Q34. A particle is confined to a one dimensional potential box, with the potential
V x   0, 0xa
 , otherwise
If particle is subjected to a perturbation within the box. W   x . Where  is small
constant, the first order correction to the ground state energy is
(a) 0 (b) a / 4 (c) a / 2 (d) a
Ans: (c)
Solution: First order energy correction is W   x the average value position in ground state
a
is x  so ans is a / 2
2





fiziks

Q35. A one dimensional harmonic oscillator is in the superposition of number state n given
by
1 3
  2  3
2 2
The average energy of the oscillator in the given state is______  .
Ans: 3.25
1 5 3 7
.  .
Solution: Average energy will 4 2 4 2  3.25
1 3

4 4
Q36. If L and L are the angular momentum ladder operators then the expectation value of
L L  L L  in the state l  1, m  1 of an atom is _____  2
Ans: 2
Solution: L L  L L   2( L2  L2z )  2(l.(l  1)  m 2 ) 2 = 2 2
GATE- 2015
1  
Q37. An operator for a spin  particle is given by Â    B ,where
2
 B 
B  xˆ  yˆ  ,  denotes Pauli matrices and  is a constant. The eigenvalues of Â are
2
B
(a)  (b)  B (c) 0, B (d) 0,   B
2
Ans.: (b)
   B
Solution: Aˆ     , B  xˆ  yˆ 
2
Aˆ    x Bx   y By   z Bz   Aˆ    x Bx   y By 
 0 1  B  0 i  B  ˆ B  0 1 i
Aˆ         A  
 1 0  2  i 0  2  2 1  i 0 
 B   1  i 
A   I  0     0      B
2 1  i  





fiziks

1   
Q38. The Pauli matrices for three spin  particles are  1 ,  2 and  3 , respectively. The
2
  
dimension of the Hilbert space required to define an operator Oˆ   1   2   3 is_______
Ans.: 8
Solution:  2   3 has dimension of 4 and  1.  2   3 has dimension of 2  4  8
 
Q39. Let L and p be the angular and linear momentum operators, respectively, for a a particle.
The commutator L x , p y gives  
(a) i pz (b) 0 (c) i px (d) i pz
Ans.: (d)
Solution:  Lx , p y    ypz  zp y , p y    ypz , p y    zp y , p y    y, p y  pz
  p y , p y   0 and  z , p y   0
  Lx , p y   ipz   y, p y   i
3
Q40. Consider a system of eight non-interacting, identical quantum particles of spin  in a
2
one dimensional box of length L . The minimum excitation energy of the system, in units
 2 2
of is ________
2mL2
Ans.: 5
3  3 
Solution: spin  degeneracy   2S  1   2   1  4
2  2 
 22 4 2  2 20 2  2
Eground  4   4 
2mL2 2mL2 2mL2
st  22  22  22  2 2
I
Eexcited  4  3 4  1 9  25
2mL2 2mL2 2mL2 2mL2
st  22  22  2 2
Now minimum excitation energy E  Eexcited
I
 Eground  25  20 5
2mL2 2mL2 2mL2





fiziks

Q41. A particle is confined in a box of length L as shown below.
V0
L/2
If the potential V0 is treated as a perturbation, including the first order correction, the
ground state energy is
 2 2  2  2 V0
(a) E   V0 (b) E  
2mL2 2mL2 2
 2  2 V0  2  2 V0
(c) E   (d) E  
2mL2 4 2mL2 2
Ans.: (d)
L
2
x L
x
Solution: E01   V0 sin 2 dx   0  sin 2 dx
0
L L L
2
L L
V0  2
2 x  V0   2 x  L  2
 E01  
2 0
1  cos
L 
dx 
2  x  sin  L  2 x 
   0
V0  2 2 V0
 E01  E 
2 2mL2 2
 
Q42. Let the Hamiltonian for two spin-½ particles of equal masses m , momenta p1 and p2
 
and positions r1 and r2 be H 
1 2
2m
p1 
1 2 1
2m
  
p 2  m 2 r12  r22  k 1   2 , where  1
2
 

and  2 denote the corresponding Pauli matrices,   0.1eV and k  0.2 eV . If the
ground state has net spin zero, then the energy (in eV ) is ___________
Ans.: -0.3





fiziks

1 2 1 2 1  
Solution: H  p1  p2  m 2  r12  r22   k 1. 2
2m 2m 2
    2      2
   1   2     12   22  2 1. 2  2 1. 2     12   22
   
 2 1. 2  0  3I  3I  6 I   1. 2  3
3
Now energy E  2    k  3  3   0.1   0.2  3  0.3 eV
2
Q43. Suppose a linear harmonic oscillator of frequency  and mass m is in the state

1  i 
  
 0  e 2
 1  at t  0 where  0 and  1 are the ground and the first
2 

excited states, respectively. The value of  x  in the units of at t  0 is _____
m
Ans. : 0
1   
Solution:     0  e i 1 
2 2 
 
 x  
2m
 a  a     x  
2m
a   a  
1 i 2 1  i


a   e 0 and a    
 0  2 e 2
2 
2 2 
  1 1 i 2 1 1  i 2 
  x    e    e 1 1 
2m  2 2
0 0
2 2 

  x   0  0
2m
GATE-2016
Q44. Which of the following operators is Hermitian?
d d2 d2 d3
(a) (b) (c) i (d)
dx dx 2 dx 2 dx 3
Ans.: (b)





fiziks

Q45. The scattering of particles by a potential can be analyzed by Born approximation. In

particular, if the scattered wave is replaced by an appropriate plane wave, the
corresponding Born approximation is known as the first Born approximation. Such an
approximation is valid for
(a) large incident energies and weak scattering potentials.
(b) large incident energies and strong scattering potentials.
(c) small incident energies and weak scattering potentials.
(d) small incident energies and strong scattering potentials.
Ans.: (a)
Q46. Consider an elastic scattering of particles in l  0 states. If the corresponding phase shift
 0 is 900 and the magnitude of the incident wave vector is equal to 2 fm 1 then the
total scattering cross section in units of fm 2 is _______.

Ans.: 2
4
Solution:     2l  1 sin  l for l  0 it is given  0  90 0 and k  2 fm 1
k 2 l 0
4
 sin 90  2
2
Q47. A hydrogen atom is in its ground state. In the presence of a uniform electric field

E  E0 zˆ , the leading order change in its energy is proportional to  E0  . The value of
n
the exponent n is _______.

Ans.: 2
Solution: First order energy correction is zero  1,0,0 E0 r cos   1,0,0  0
2
 n,l ,m E0 r cos   1,0,0
So one need to find correction of second   E02
n 1 E10  Em0
So value of n  2





fiziks

 
Q48. If s1 and s2 are the spin operators of the two electrons of a He atom, the value of
 
s1 .s 2 for the ground state is
3 3 1 2
(a)   2 (b)   2 (c) 0 (d) 
2 4 4
Ans.: (b)
   1 1   s s  1 2  s1 s1  1 2  s 2 s 2  1 2
Solution: s  s1  s2 s1  , s1  , s  0,1 , s1 .s 2 
2 2 2
3 3
22  2  2
  4 4  3 2
For s  1, s1.s2 
2 4
3 3
02  2  2
  4 4   3 2
s  0, s1.s2 
2 4
Q49. A two-dimensional square rigid box of side L contains six non-interacting electrons at
T  0 K . The mass of the electron is m . The ground state energy of the system of
 2 2
electrons, in units of is _________.
2mL2
Ans.: 24
Solution: 2 
1 2

 12  2  2
 4
2 2

 12  2  2

24 2  2
2mL2 2mL2 2mL2
Q50.  x ,  y and  z are the Pauli matrices. The expression 2 x y   y x is equal to
(a)  3i z (b)  i z (c) i z (d) 3i z

Ans.: (c)
Solution: 2 x y   y x   x y   x y   y x   x y  i z
Q51. If x and p are the x components of the position and the momentum operators of a
particle respectively, the commutator x 2 , p 2 is  

(a) i  xp  px  (b) 2i  xp  px  (c) i  xp  px  (d) 2i  xp  px 
Ans.: (d)





fiziks

2 2
 2
 
2
  
Solution: x , p  p x , p  x p p  2ipx  2ixp  2i  xp  px 

Q52. Let l , m be the simultaneous eigenstates of L2 and L z . Here L is the angular
momentum operator with Cartesian components L x , L y , L z , l is the angular momentum
quantum number and m is the azimuthal quantum number. The value of
1, 0 ( Lx  iLy ) 1, 1 is
(a) 0 (b)  (c) 2 (d) 3

Ans.: (c)
Solution: 1, 0 ( Lx  iLy 1, 1  1, 0 L 1, 1  2 1, 0 1, 0  2
Q53. For the parity operator P , which of the following statements is NOT true?
(a) P†  P (b) P 2   P (c) P 2  I (d) P †  P 1
Ans.: (b)
Q54. The state of a system is given by
  1  2  2  3 3
Where 1 , 2 and 3 form an orthonormal set. The probability of finding the system
in the state  2 is ________. (Give your answer upto two decimal places)
22 4 4 2
Ans probability that  in state 2      0.28
2 2
1 2 32
1  4  9 14 7
Q55. A particle of mass m and energy E , moving in the positive x
V0
direction, is incident on a step potential at x  0 , as indicated in the
E
figure. The height of the potential is V0 , where V0  E . At x  x0 ,
1
where x0  0 , the probability of finding the electron is times the
e x0 x  x0
2mV0  E 
probability of finding it at x  0 . If   , the value of x0 is
2
2 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
  2 4





fiziks

Ans.: (c)
1 1
Solution:  e 2 x0  e 1  e 2 x0  x0 
e 2
GATE-2017
Q56. The Compton wavelength of a proton is…………….. fm. (up to two decimal places).
Ans. : 3  108
Solution:  m p  1.67 1027 kg , h  6.626  1034 Js, e  1.602 1019 C , c  3 108 ms 1 
p2 1 2
Q57. A one dimensional simple harmonic oscillator with Hamiltonian H 0   kx is
2m 2
subjected to a small perturbation, H1   x   x 3   x 4 . The first order correction to the
ground state energy is dependent on
(a) only  (b)  and 
(c)  and  (d) only 
Ans. : (d)
Solution: H1   x   x 3   x 4 E1g   x   x3   x 4
x  0, x3  0, x 4  0
  
Q58. For the Hamiltonian H  a0 I  b . where a0  R, b is a real vector, I is the 2  2

identity matrix, and  are the Pauli matrices, the ground state energy is
(a) b (b) 2a0  b (c) a0  b (d) a0
Ans. : (c)
  1 0 0 1  0 i   1 0   a0  bz bx  iby 
Solution: a0 I  b .  a0    bx    by    bz   
0 1 1 0 i 0   0 1  bx  iby a0  bz 
   a0  bz bx  iby 
H  a0 I  b .   
 bx  iby a0  bz 





fiziks

 a0  bz   bx  iby 
For eigen value  0
 b x  ib y a0  b z   
 a0  bz    a0  bz      bx2  by2   0
1  a0  b , 1  a0  b
Q59. The degeneracy of the third energy level of a 3-dimensional isotropic quantum harmonic
oscillator is
(a) 6 (b) 12 (c) 8 (d) 10
Ans. : (a)
Solution: First energy level is n  0
Second energy level is n  1
Third energy level is n  2
Degeneracy of third level

 n  1 n  2   3  4  6
2 2
Q60. A free electron of energy 1 eV is incident upon a one-dimensional finite potential step of
height 0.75 eV . The probability of its reflection from the barrier is…………. (up to two
decimal places).
Ans. : 0.11
2 2
 E  E  V0   1  0.25   1  0.5 2
Solution: R           0.11
  
 E  E  V0   1  0.25   1 0.5 
Q61. Consider a one-dimensional potential well of width 3nm . Using the uncertainty principle
 
 x  p   , an estimate of the minimum depth of the well such that it has at least one
 2
bound state for an electron is ( me  9.311031 kg , h  6.626 1034 Js,
e  1.602  1019 C )
(a) 1  eV (b) 1meV (c) 1eV (d) 1MeV
Ans. : (b)





fiziks

2
p  
Solution: E  , p   p 
2m 2x 2a
so E 


2
h

2  6.6 10  34 2
 .0011019 J  1 meV
31 18
8ma 2
32 ma
2 2
32 10  9.3110  9 10

x e
2  x2
Q62. The integral dx is equal to……….. (up to two decimal places).
0
Ans. : 0.44

x
2
Solution: The given integral is 2
e  x dx
0
dt
Let x 2  t then 2 xdx  dt  dx 
2 t
Thus the given integral can be written as
  3 
dt 1 1 1
t e   e  t t1/ 2 dt   e  t t 2 dt
t
0 2 t 20 20
1 3 1 1 1 
       
2 2 2 2 2 4
Hence the value of the integral up to two decimal places is 0.44 .
Q63. Which one of the following operators is Hermitian?
(a) i
p x x
2
 x 2 px 
(b) i
p x x
2
 x 2 px 
2 2
(c) ei px a (d) e  i px a
Ans. : (a)
Solution: A  i
p x x
2
 x 2 px 
, A  i
†
 p x    x p    i  p x  x p 
x
2 † 2
x
†
x
2 2
x
2 2 2






Quantum Mechanics - GATE 2010-2017

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fiziks

respectively. The expectation value of the energy is

Q8. The normalized ground state wavefunciton of a hydrogen atom is given by

Q9. The normalized eigenstates of a particle in a one-dimensional potential well

Common data questions Q-10 and Q-11

Q12. The value of α which ψ2 is orthogonal to ψ1 is

Q14. A particle of mass m is confined in a two dimensional square well potential of

The system is subjected to a perturbation of the form H'   

(c) L z , L   L (d) L z , L   L

Planck’s constant is 6.63  10 34 Js .

Common data questions 25 and 26

0 1 1

(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 3 : 2

where a0 is constant. The expectation value of the operator Qˆ  z 2  r 2 , where

Solution: Qˆ  z 2  r 2  a02  3a02  2a02

Q31. A particle of mass m is subjected to a potential

The state with energy 4  is g  fold degenerate. The value of g is______

L L  L L  in the state l  1, m  1 of an atom is _____  2

Q45. The scattering of particles by a potential can be analyzed by Born approximation. In

total scattering cross section in units of fm 2 is _______.

the exponent n is _______.

(a)  3i z (b)  i z (c) i z (d) 3i z

particle respectively, the commutator x 2 , p 2 is  

momentum operator with Cartesian components L x , L y , L z , l is the angular momentum

quantum number and m is the azimuthal quantum number. The value of

(a) 0 (b)  (c) 2 (d) 3

Degeneracy of third level

bound state for an electron is ( me  9.311031 kg , h  6.626 1034 Js,

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