PRESIDENTS: – which is not founded on existing constitutional laws of the state and is

1. Emilio Aguinaldo maintained against the right an established and lawful govt.
- defective government
2. Manuel L. Quezon
3. Sergio Osmena Leusong – given by the Chinese
Mountain of gold- located in Mindoro, also called Ma-i
4. Jose P. Laurel
5. Manuel Roxas March 17, 1521 – rediscovery of the Philippines by Ferdinand Magellan
6. Elpidio Quirino Filipino ancestors - discovered the Philippines
7. Ramon Magsaysay Panay- first school (bandang Visayan area)
8. Carlos P. Garcia Ruy Lopez de Villalobos – named the Philippines in honor of Prince Phillip
9. Diosdado Macapagal Philippine culture coming from the east and west
10. Ferdinand Marcos
11. Corazon Aquino Philippines is unique because of its
12. Fidel V. Ramos 4 cultural heritages
13. Ejercito Estrada 1. Asian
14. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo 2. Latin and Spanish
15. Benigno Sigmon Aquino 3. European
4. American
Political Government
Barangay – ruled by a datu (called a law-giver {makes the law}) accompanied by a
North and south korea are separated by 08 parallel or demarcation (?) line group of “maginoos” (council of elders)

Leila de lima – from commission on human rights to department of justice replacing Umalahokan/Umalohokan – spread the news (town crier)
AGRA
Datu – “god”, most powerful
Theories - limited monarchy however democratic in nature because when the datu dies the child
1. Economic theory – state is formed through the economic needs of the or wife can replaced him.
people
2. Instinctive theory – inherent instinct of a man to live in a group ** 30-100 families each barangay
3. Evolution/historical theory – by the so-called historical development, from ** 3 kinds of people (classes of people)
ancient to medieval to the present 1. maharlikan – noble class, rich people
2. freemen – emancipated slaves, “timawa”
Mono-national state – state composed of one nation 3. alipin – slaves
Ex. Philippines a. aliping namamahay
– could own properties, could marry without masters
Poly-national state – state composed of two or more nations consent, they cannot be sold by their masters
Ex. Southeast asia chuchu b. aliping sagigilid

Other forms of government: ONE CAN BE AN ALIPIN

1. Civil government • captivity in wars
– one in which the affairs of the state are administered and directed by the • failure to pay debts
citizens or republic • by birth
2. Military government Ancient Philippines, there is already a law
– one established and administered by a belligerent in the territory of an enemy
occupied by him No state but a nation existed – PRE-SPANISH
3. Constitutional govt. SPANISH
– the powers of those who rule are defined and limited on their exercise by a Gobernadorcillo – head of pueblos
constitution Captain General - commander in chief of Spanish armed forces
Berdugo ng Noli – Padre Salvi
4. Despotic govt.
– the powers of those who rule are not defined and limited on their exercise by a Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
constitution - First Spanish governor of the Philippines
- Founded the city oif manila – headed by Rajah Solayman
5. Elective govt.
– one in which the state confers powers upon a person or organization composed A quality was denied to the Filipinos because Filipinos were not allowed to study that
of person; chosen by qualified voters and holding the power thus conferred for a would make a protest like Graciano Lopez Jaena, Juan Luna, etc.
definite term under certain condition
Mga unang propagandist – studied in Europe, Spain
6. Coordinate govt. ***Trading system between Philippines and Mexico because the Philippines was first
– the state distributes the powers of government according to their nature among ruled by the Mexicans
separate department or bodies each equally independent of, but coordinate with
other or others First city that they established was Cebu and the supreme court was called Royal
Audencia where in there are two each in Vigan and Cebu known as the territorial
7. Consolidating govt. audencias
– the state confides all governmental powers to a single body
Filipino who rendered force labor = TNT sa mexico, business boost due to making of
8. Dejure govt. tuba (alak), and lambanog
– founded on existing constitutional laws of the state and has the general support
of people More than 377 years – Spanish ruled the country (1898-1521)
9. De facto govt. Propaganda movement – a movement formed to us for more reforms in the
government, an organization asking for reforms, headed by Rizal, etc.
La solidaridad – all proposals were published here

GREATEST ORATOR – LOPEZ JAENA

GREATEST NOVELIST – JOSE RIZAL
Nung bumagsak ang movement, an elementary student read books of revolution, KKK Sources of Constitution:
was organized (a government and a revolutionary society founded by Andres Bonifacio a. Malolos Constitution
with the help of some friends like the brains of Katipunan Emilio Jacinto) 2. the three organic law:
- Tydings-Mcduffie Law
Organ of the katipunan or newspaper - KALAYAAN - Philippine Bill of 1902
- Jones Law of 1916
Utak ng himagsikan (Philippine Revolution) – apolinario mabini 3. The German Constitution
4. The Spanish Constituion
Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga anak ng bayan 5. The Constitution of Mexico and other South American constitution
6. The English unwritten constitution
Gregorio Perfecto 7. The constitution of the United States
– delegate who signed the document (1935 constitution) with the use of his own blood
A good written constitution according to contents:
Quorum – more than half should come • Constitution of Liberty
– attended by men of Aguinaldo and Andres Bonifacio himself • Constitution of Government
***Aguinaldo failed to come • Constitution of Sovereignty

Nominated for secretary of DILG – Andres Bonifacio According to form

Andres Bonifacio did not win any single battle • Broad
***has no shrine because he was poor, but he had the brains • Definite
Biak-na-Bato Republic – founded by Aguinaldo
• Brief
Dictatorial government – Aguinaldo
LATEST NEWS!!! July 17, 2010
- independence was proclaimed at his own house
- Philippines became a state
Jessie Robredo
- through Philippine Revolution (1896-1898) when katipunan was founded
- secretary of DILG
- Isabela – last republic
- From Naga city, Bicol
Filipino- American War started
- against jueteng
Japanese strugglers
Case of Ping Lacson
 General Onoda – namatay sa Brazil - Lacson already submitted files to the media the things he is about to surrender but
July 4, 1986 – Pilipino-American Friendship Day accdg to people behind Lacson that he didn’t submit anything...di daw siya pumatay
kay Dasser... Korbito- driver ni Dasser...nag-aapila sa supreme court ang mga anak ni
Constitution – supreme law Dasser....In Rome at present
Claro M. Recto
– was the most valuable document in the Philippines Noynoy Aquino was angry at PAG-ASA kasi sabin g PAG-ASA signal number 2 lang
- founder of Philippine constitution c Basyang…yun pala mas malakas pa sa signal number 3.
Teodoro Sandico Mirriam Defensor Santigo…she was abroad…sabi ni Neri..not guilty daw si Arroya sa
– was the oldest delegate to the 1934 constitutional convention ZTE deal...Abalos (former COMELEC chairman) nagstart nung case.
- He was one of the signers of the historic Malolos constitution
- former revolutionary general during the constitutional revolution More than 38 namatay na dahil sa bagyong BASYANG
- second vice president of the 1934 concon (he was 75 years old)
****Recto – nahalal as president Additional taxes...taas daw ang presyo ng langis by next week dw...
Wenceslao Vinzons GSIS – Government Social Insurance System
– youngest delegate to the 1934 concon
- A youth leader and an orator, he was only 25 years old

Gregorio perfecto
– the only delegate who signed the constitution with his own blood

Thomas Cabili
– the only delegate to the 1934 concon who did not sign the constitution because
according to him it did not grant full suffrage to the people of Lanao
****suffrage – right to vote

Carlos P. Garcia
– first president of 1971 concon
- died of heart attack and was succeeded by Diosdado Macapagal

Antonio delas Alas – oldest delegate sa 1971 concon

Manuel Martinez – youngest delegate sa 1971 concon

Cecilia Munoz Palma

– overall chairman of constitutional commission last 1986 creating the 1987
constitution
- former chief justice of the supreme court

Concept of constitution in the book