Planning information
Q U A L I T Y
P R E M I U M
Dörken – leading
through competence.
For more than 100 years.
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Table of contents
■ Technical data 28
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Flat roofs offer a wealth of new
design options
well as any run-off from outer walls can be or a very small gradient (minimum gradi- protection, high drainage capacity, perma-
safely and reliably drained away at the sur- ent: c. 3°). Most are warm roofs, meaning nent filtration stability, high compression
face and the waterproofing level. Therefore, that they are unvented. resistance, outstanding longevity, and low
the construction of the deck must include thickness.
an efficient structural drainage system so Users need to observe the regulations
that stagnant water cannot attack, or cause applying to the various construction sys-
frost damage to, areas open to traffic. In tems. The actual configuration of a water-
herbaceous roofs, stagnant water may proofing system depends on the materials
P R E M I U M
cause waterlogging, harming plants and used as well as on the following regula-
flooding the drainage system. tions:
– Waterproofing standards
– Code of practice for roofs with water-
proofing
– European product certifications
– Building authority certifications
– Manufacturer’s working instructions
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More quality of life:
green roofs are ‘in’
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As environmental awareness grows, the Two types of green roof may be distin- Dörken, the specialist manufacturer, offers
proportion of green roofs featured in build- guished by the nature of their herbaceous no fewer than three sheet types that are
ing and rehabilitation projects increases. In cover: while the design options offered by tailor-made for the conversion of flat roofs:
addition to their visual appeal, herbaceous an intensive green roof are unlimited in the DELTA®-TERRAXX, DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP,
covers offer a number of essential technical field, depending solely on the expense and and DELTA®-FLORAXX. Distinguished by
advantages: not only do they protect roofs effort involved, an extensive green roof professional quality and versatility, they are
from extreme temperatures and wind suc- performs the function of an ecologically extremely easy to lay. Once again, users
tion, they also enhance both noise abate- efficient protective covering just as well, benefit here from the proven know how of
ment and heat protection. Small wonder, while requiring considerably less care. Europe’s No. 1 manufacturer of sarking and
then, that green roofs are growing steadily waterproofing sheets, insulation underlays,
more popular these days among architects, and soft sheathing.
planners, and owners.
Q U A L I T Y
P R E M I U M
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Green roofs made to measure:
extensive or intensive
Green pays
A green roof improves the quality of life of a property in visual and climatic terms and increases its value: benefits that translate
into pounds and pennies. In addition, green roofs offer a habitat for many plants and animals, such as butterflies, besides relieving
the burden on the drains by retaining large volumes of water. Furthermore, they filter fine dust and pollutants out of the air and
generate oxygen – a good thing for our environment, particularly in urban areas. DELTA® sheets are just right for the purpose.
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Configuration of an extensive/
intensive green roof
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freely. Thanks to their structure, DELTA®- Extensive green roofs need a substrate Where intensive green roofs are concerned,
TERRAXX and DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP com- layer that is 8 – 20 cm thick to support the the only limits are those imposed by the
bine the functions of a filtration and a vegetation. The vegetation on intensive financial investment. The spectrum ranges
seepage sheet. green roofs must be supported by a sub- from lawns, perennials, underbrush, bush-
strate layer no less than 15 cm thick. es, and small trees to trees 15 m in height.
5. Substrate Depending on the kind of vegetation, the
No matter whether a herbaceous cover is substrate layer may be as thick as 200 cm. Whatever the type of herbaceous roof, local
extensive or intensive, its substrate must in Where DELTA® dimpled sheets are used, the climate and weather conditions, the char-
any case be stable and capable of making substrate may be applied directly to the acteristics of the building, and the peculiar-
any incoming water available to the plants geotextile. ities of the plants need to be taken into
and conveying the excess to the dimpled- account. We recommend consulting your
sheet layer. A substrate may consist, for 6. Plants local horticultural specialist.
example, of natural volcanic pumice, such The plants most suitable for extensive culti-
as VULCAPLUS® extensive or VULCAPLUS® vation include undemanding sedum and
intensive that both conform to the FLL moss sedum species that are easy to care
guidelines for planning, building, and culti- for, as well as herbs and grasses. Vegetation
vating green roofs. may be planted in the form of root stocks
or flat bales or, alternatively, lawn mats.
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DELTA®-TERRAXX
in extensive green roofs
Optimised for the requirements of horizon- ensures that any loads impinging on the
tal drainage, the 2-ply DELTA®-TERRAXX waterproofing are distributed evenly across
sheet may be used in extensive green roofs the surface. As it is compatible with all
as a protection, filtration, and seepage common waterproofing sheets, no addi-
layer. Applied directly on top of the water- tional protective layers are needed. Its
proofing, it effectively keeps water from thickness of no more than 9 mm keeps the
accumulating. The drainage capacity of this entire structure flat.
sheet is markedly superior to that of a bed
of gravel or chippings. Its smooth back
■ Sedum,
herbs, grasses
Q U A L I T Y
■ Concrete ceiling
P R E M I U M
■ Dimpled sheet
with integrated
self-sealing edge
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Permanent-
filtration geotextile
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DELTA®-TERRAXX
in intensive green roofs
In intensive green roofs, the 2-ply DELTA®- patible with all common waterproofing
TERRAXX sheet similarly serves as a protec- sheets, no additional protective layers are
tion, filtration, and seepage layer. Forming needed. Its thickness of no more than
a protection and drainage course with a 9 mm keeps the entire structure flat.
high load-bearing capacity, it effectively
keeps water from accumulating. The drain- Moreover, DELTA®-TERRAXX is ideal for
age capacity of this sheet is markedly supe- intensive green roofs which, because of the
rior to that of a bed of gravel or chippings. density of their substrate, do not require
Its smooth back ensures that any loads additional water storage but do require a
impinging on the waterproofing are distrib- high drainage capacity.
uted evenly across the surface. As it is com-
■ Lawn, perennials,
bushes, trees
Q U A L I T Y
■ Concrete ceiling
P R E M I U M
■ Dimpled sheet
with integrated
self-sealing edge
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Permanent-
filtration geotextile
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DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP
in warm roofs with an extensive/intensive
herbaceous covers
Developed specifically for use in green Thanks to its robust octagonal dimples
roofs, DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP, an innovative additionally reinforced by ribs, the sheet
dimpled sheet, forms a protection and will safely support even heavy loads.
drainage layer with a high load-bearing
capacity which is optimised for the As the filtration layer is fused to the top of
requirements of horizontal drainage. the sheet and does not need to be laid out
Acting as a protection, filtration, and seep- separately, the substrate for planting may
age layer, it retains 7 L of water per m2 be spread directly on the sheet that pre-
within its thickness of 20 mm. This is opti- vents water from accumulating.
mal for herbaceous covers that are sup-
posed to survive for prolonged periods Extensive and intensive herbaceous
without irrigation. covers differ in the plant varieties and
substrates used as well as in the thick- w
ness of the substrate. Intensive herbaceous cover: lawn, perennials, bushes,
and trees
■ Fused-on geotextile
P R E M I U M
■ Protective cloth
■ Concrete ceiling
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Octagonal dimples
additionally reinforced
by ribs ensure extreme
compression resistance
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DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP
in inverted roofs with extensive/intensive
herbaceous covers
In inverted roofs with a herbaceous cover, The integrated filtration layer permits
DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP serves as a protec- spreading planting substrates directly on
tion, filtration, and seepage layer. In addi- top of the sheet, eliminating the need for a
tion, it is capable of storing 7 L of water separate filtration cloth. Because the result-
per m2 within its thickness of 20 mm. This ant surface is uniformly homogeneous,
is ideal for herbaceous covers that are sup- there are no more problems with loose
posed to survive for prolonged periods cloth layers slipping, sliding, or being
without irrigation. Thanks to its robust blown about by the wind. Moreover, the
octagonal dimples additionally reinforced sheet reliably prevents any accumulation of
by ribs, the sheet will safely support even water.
heavy loads. Being perforated, it is breath-
able with an Sd value of 0.4 m, which Extensive and intensive herbaceous
makes it suitable for inverted roofs. covers differ in the plant varieties and
substrates used as well as in the thick- Intensive herbaceous cover: lawn, perennials, bushes,
ness of the substrate. and trees
■ Fused-on geotextile
P R E M I U M
■ Insulation
■ Protective cloth
■ Concrete ceiling
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Octagonal dimples
additionally reinforced
by ribs ensure extreme
compression resistance
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Walkable/drivable roof deck
constructions
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5. Sub-base course 6. Bedding course 7. Wearing course
Made of gravel or another material, the The courses that serve to bed paving In most cases, the wearing courses on flat
function of a sub-base course is to drain off stones and/or slabs consist of crushed or roofs, parking decks, and garage roofs con-
any excess water on the horizontal plane, uncrushed rock grains ranging between sist not of concrete or asphalt but of paving
absorb static and/or dynamic loads, and 0 to 4 mm Ø and 2 to 5 mm Ø in size. stones, slabs, and other materials. The rea-
transfer them to the underlying layers. This Requisite material properties include sons for this are architectural and, more
load-distributing course needs to be com- permeability to water and permanent importantly, cost-related. The thickness of a
pacted to withstand the load class it is filtration. The bedding course crucially wearing course depends on the loading,
exposed to. In inverted roofs that are to be influences the stability of the wearing the manner in which it is laid, and the inter-
used for traffic, the DELTA®-FLORAXX dim- course. action of all functional layers. Wearing
pled sheet offers – thanks to its breathable courses need to be given a minimum gradi-
perforation – efficient ventilation as well as ent, depending on the nature of the pave-
free drainage on the underside, so that no ment.
coherent film of water may form on the
waterproofing.
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DELTA®-TERRAXX
in walkable roof decks
Laid out under walkable roof decks, the Installed under a pavement of stones or
DELTA®-TERRAXX 2-ply sheet acts as a pro- slabs, this structural drainage layer ensures
tection, filtration, and seepage course. that any precipitation water which seeps
Applied to the waterproofing, it forms a through the courses above is drained off
protection and drainage layer with a high without delay. Conversely, a course of grav-
load-bearing capacity. A bedding course of el or chippings, whose drainage capability
sand, gravel, or chippings may be spread is limited, is threatened by the danger of
directly on top of it to receive the stone banked-up water freezing, expanding, and
and/or slab pavement. causing the pavement to warp.
■ Chipping bed
■ Stone pavement
Q U A L I T Y
■ Concrete ceiling
P R E M I U M
■ Dimpled sheet
with integrated
self-sealing edge
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Permanent-
filtration geotextile
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DELTA®-TERRAXX
in drivable roof decks
■ Dimpled sheet
with integrated
self-sealing edge
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Permanent-
filtration geotextile
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23 ■
DELTA®-FLORAXX
in walkable inverted roofs
■ Chipping bed
■ Stone pavement
Q U A L I T Y
S T A N D A R D
■ Insulation
■ Concrete ceiling
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Octagonal dimples
additionally reinforced
by ribs for extreme
compressive strength
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25 ■
DELTA®-FLORAXX
in drivable inverted roofs
■ Bedding course
S T A N D A R D
■ Insulation
■ Concrete ceiling
■ Compression-resistant
waterproofing
■ Octagonal dimples
additionally reinforced
by ribs for extreme
compressive strength
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Technical data
Geotextile
opening size/O90 (EN ISO 12956) characteristic c. 0.15 mm/150 μm
Chemical properties Resistant to chemicals opening size, O90 (EN ISO 12956)
and micro-organisms, Chemical properties Resistant to chemicals
non-polluting for and micro-organisms,
drinking water non-polluting for drink-
Roll size 12.5 m x 2.4 m ing water
Durability To be covered within Roll size 10 m x 2.0 m;
2 weeks after installa- cloth width: 2.10 m
tion. No deterioration CE conformability DIN EN 13252,
after 25 years in natural TBU test report
soil having a pH value 1.1/13525/0580.0.1-2009
between 4 and 9 and a
temperature of < 25 °C
CE conformability DIN EN 13252 corre-
sponding to the 4095
drainage standard and
the DIN 18195 water-
proofing standard
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Which DELTA®-System
fits what application?
Warm roof
Inverted roof
Warm roof
Walkable surface ■
Drivable surface ■
Inverted roof
Walkable surface ■
Drivable surface ■
50
0,8
Drainage length [m]
Drainage length [m]
175
and/or. [x 10-3 m2/s]
40 0,7 150
0,6
125
30 0,5 1
100
0,4
20 75
0,3
0,2 50
10
0,1 25
0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
Ceiling gradient [%] Ceiling gradient [%]
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Overview of technical detail solutions
DELTA®-TERRAXX
DELTA®-TERRAXX – accessible roof paved with stones or slabs. DELTA®-TERRAXX – accessible roof paved with stones or slabs.
Connection to a door with an outside step. Splash guard height: 15 cm. Connection to a barrier-less door with an outside box gutter.
Q U A L I T Y
P R E M I U M
DELTA®-TERRAXX – fascia with metal cover. DELTA®-TERRAXX – accessible roof paved with stones or slabs.
Roof drain connection.
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DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP/DELTA®-FLORAXX
DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP – fascia with metal cover. DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP – roof drain connection.
DELTA®-FLORAXX TOP – connection to a barrier-less door with an outside box DELTA®-FLORAXX – accessible inverted roof paved with stones or slabs.
gutter. Fascia with metal cover.
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DELTA® Information
about protection and drainage systems for horizontal applications.