LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

LAPORAN RESMI
ANALISA LUMPUR PEMBORAN

Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Praktikum Analisa Lumpur Pemboran

Tahun Akademik 2016/2017
Program Studi S1. Teknik Perminyakan Konsentrasi Geologi
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Balikpapan

Disusun Oleh :

Nama : ABDIVHALA HARBIE

NIM : 1501416
Kelompok :-
Dengan Hasil Penilaian :

Balikpapan, 16 Juni 2017

Disetujui Oleh,

Dosen Pembimbing Praktikum Asisten Praktikum

YUDIARYONO .ST.MT Agistiyani & Ade Melynda R.

NIDN:1105045502 NIM:1401038, NIM:1401343

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 LEMBAR ASISTENSI PRAKTIKUM
ANALISA LUMPUR PEMBORAN

NAMA : INDRA PRATAMA

NIM : 1501433
JURUSAN : S1. TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN KONSENTRASI GEOLOGI
KELOMPOK :

No. Tanggal Keterangan Paraf

1. Asistensi Pendahuluan.
2. Perbedaan Lost Circulation dan
Filtration Loss?
1.
3. Membutuhkan Mud Cake tebal
atau tipis pada saat melakukan
pemboran?
1. Mekanika Batuan.
2. Subsurface Condition.
3. Hubungan antara CS, ROP,
2.
RPM, dan WOB terhadap
formasi soft dan hard?
4. Jelaskan tentang jenis-jenis bit?
1. Hidrolika Pemboran.
3. 2. Jelaskan tentang Directional
Drilling?

4. Perhitungan

5. Mud Calculation

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 KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat dan rahmat-Nya
yang telah diberikan kepada saya sehingga dapat menyelesaikan laporan
praktikum Analisa Lumpur Pemboran tentang sifat-sifat fisik lumpur pemboran,
sesuai dengan kurikulum yang telah ditentukan. Tidak lupa sebagaimana mestinya
tujuan membuat laporan resmi ini adalah untuk menilai seberapa jauh pencapaian
kita selama praktikum.
Dalam upaya penulisan laporan ini tidak sedikit hambatan yang saya
alami, namun kebesaran-Nya dan bantuan atau dorongan dari berbagai pihak
sehingga hambatan-hambatan tersebut dapat diatasi. Untuk itu penulis
mengucapkan terima kasih kepada :
1. Bapak Ir. Yudiaryono .MT , selaku dosen mata kuliah dan dosen
pembimbing,
2. Mba Agistiyani dan Mba Ade Melynda Rachman , selaku Asisten
Praktikum Analisa Lumpur Pemboran, yang telah meluangkan banyak
waktunya dan memberikan banyak materi, masukkan/kritik yang
membangun,
3. Kedua Orang tua saya yang selalu mendukung, dan
4. Teman-teman yang telah membantu dalam menyelesaikan laporan ini.
Pada kesempatan ini juga, saya mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua
pihak yang telah membantu saya baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung
dalam proses penyusunan laporan ini. Oleh karena itu, segala masukan dan kritik
yang membangun, saya sambut dengan baik.
Terima kasih

Balikpapan, 16 Juni 2017

Penyusun.

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ..................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... ii
LEMBAR ASISTENSI PRAKTIKUM ....................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR DIAGRAM ................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................. xiv

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................. 1

BAB II. DENSITAS, SAND CONTENT DAN PENGUKURANKADAR

MINYAK PADA LUMPUR PEMBORAN ................................... 14
2.1. Tujuan Percobaan ...................................................................... 14
2.2. Teori Dasar ................................................................................ 14
2.2.1. Densitas Lumpur .............................................................. 14
2.2.2. Sand Content ..................................................................... 17
2.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ................................................................... 20
2.3.1. Peralatan ........................................................................... 20
2.3.2. Bahan ............................................................................... 23
2.4. Prosedur Percobaan .................................................................... 25
2.4.1. Densitas Lumpur .............................................................. 25
2.4.2. Sand Content .................................................................... 26
2.4.3. Penentuan Kadar Cairan Lapisan ..................................... 26
2.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ................................ 27
2.6. Pembahasan ............................................................................... 27
2.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum .................................................... 27

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 2.6.2. Pembahasan Soal .............................................................. 29
2.7. Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 34

BAB III.PENGUKURAN VISKOSITAS DAN GEL STRENGTH ........... 35

3.1. Tujuan Percobaan ........................................................................ 35
3.2. Teori Dasar .................................................................................. 35
3.2.1. Penentuan Harga Shear Stress danShear Rate ................... 40
3.2.2. Penentuan Harga Viskositas Nyata(Apparent Viscosity) ... 40
3.2.3. Penentuan Plastic Viscosity danYield Point ........................ 41
3.2.4. Penentuan Harga Gel Strength ............................................ 41
3.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..................................................................... 42
3.3.1. Peralatan ............................................................................. 42
3.3.2. Bahan .................................................................................. 44
3.4. Prosedur Percobaan ...................................................................... 46
3.4.1. Membuat Lumpur ............................................................... 46
3.4.2. Cara Kerja dengan Marsh Funnel ....................................... 46
3.4.3. Mengukur Shear Stress dengan Fann VG ........................... 46
3.4.4. Pengukuran Gel Strength dengan Fann VG ....................... 47
3.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan ............................................................ 47
3.6. Pembahasan ................................................................................. 48
3.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum ...................................................... 48
3.6.2. Pembahasan Soal ................................................................ 49
3.7. Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 52

BAB IV. FILTRASI DAN MUD CAKE ....................................................... 53

4.1. Tujuan Percobaan ........................................................................ 53
4.2. Teori Dasar .................................................................................. 53
4.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..................................................................... 58
4.3.1. Peralatan ............................................................................. 58
4.3.2. Bahan .................................................................................. 61
4.4. Prosedur Percobaan ...................................................................... 62

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 4.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan ............................................................ 63
4.6. Pembahasan ................................................................................. 63
4.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum ...................................................... 63
4.6.2. Pembahasan Soal ................................................................ 65
4.7. Kesimpulan .................................................................................. 66

BAB V. ANALISA KIMIA LUMPUR PEMBORAN .................................. 67

5.1. Tujuan Percobaan ......................................................................... 67
5.2. Teori Dasar ................................................................................... 67
5.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..................................................................... 69
5.3.1. Peralatan ............................................................................. 69
5.3.2. Bahan ................................................................................. 71
5.4. Prosedur Percobaan ...................................................................... 77
5.4.1. Analisa Kimia Alkalinitas .................................................. 77
5.4.2. Analisa Keasadahan Total ................................................. 78
5.4.3. Menentukan Kesadahan Ca2+ dan Mg2+ ............................ 79
5.4.4. Menentukan Kandungan Klorida ..................................... 80
5.4.5. Menentukan Kandungan Ion Besi (Metode I) ................. 80
5.4.6. Penentuan Kandungan Besi (Metode II) .......................... 81
5.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan .......................................................... 83
5.6. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 83
5.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum .................................................... 83
5.6.2. Pembahasan Soal ............................................................. 84
5.7. Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 87

BAB VI. KONTAMINASI LUMPUR PEMBORAN ................................. 88

6.1. Tujuan Percobaan ....................................................................... 88
6.2. Teori Dasar ................................................................................. 88
6.2.1. Sebab-sebab Shale Problem ............................................. 90
6.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ................................................................... 93
6.3.1. Peralatan ........................................................................ 93

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 6.3.2. Bahan ............................................................................. 99
6.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..................................................................... 102
6.4.1. Kontaminasi NaCl ............................................................ 102
6.4.2. Kontaminasi Gypsum ...................................................... 102
6.4.3. Kontaminasi Semen ......................................................... 103
6.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan .......................................................... 103
6.6. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 104
6.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum .................................................... 104
6.6.2. Pembahasan Soal ............................................................. 108
6.7. Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 111

BAB VII. PENGUKURAN MBT (METHYLENE BLUE TEST) ............ 112

7.1. Tujuan Percobaan ....................................................................... 112
7.2. Teori Dasar ................................................................................. 112
7.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ................................................................... 117
7.3.1. Peralatan ........................................................................... 117
7.3.2. Bahan ............................................................................... 120
7.4. Prosedur Percobaan .................................................................... 122
7.5. Data dan Hasil Percobaan .......................................................... 123
7.6. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 123
7.6.1. Pembahasan Praktikum ..................................................... 123
7.6.2. Pembahasan Soal ............................................................. 123
7.7. Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 124

BAB VIII. PEMBAHASAN UMUM ........................................................... 125

BAB IX. KESIMPULAN UMUM ................................................................ 129

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1. Lumpur Pemboran ...................................................................... 2

Gambar 2.1. Shale Shaker ................................................................................ 17
Gambar 2.2. Degasser ...................................................................................... 18
Gambar 2.3. Desander .................................................................................... 18
Gambar 2.4. Desilter ........................................................................................ 19
Gambar 2.5. Mud Balance ............................................................................... 21
Gambar 2.6. Retort Kit ..................................................................................... 21
Gambar 2.7. Multi Mixer .................................................................................. 22
Gambar 2.8. Wetting Agent .............................................................................. 22
Gambar 2.9. Sand Content Set ......................................................................... 23
Gambar 2.10. Gelas Ukur 500cc ..................................................................... 23
Gambar 2.11. Barite ......................................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.12. Bentonite ................................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.13. Air Tawar (Aquades) ................................................................ 25
Gambar 3.1. Klasifikasi Fluida ....................................................................... 38
Gambar 3.2. Marsh Funnel .............................................................................. 42
Gambar 3.3. Timbangan .................................................................................. 42
Gambar 3.4. Gelas Ukur 500 cc ...................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.5. Fann VG ...................................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.6. Mud Mixer ................................................................................... 44
Gambar 3.7. Cup Mud Funnel.......................................................................... 44
Gambar 3.8. Bentonite...................................................................................... 45
Gambar 3.9. Air Tawar (Aquades) .................................................................. 45
Gambar 3.10. Thinner ...................................................................................... 46
Gambar 4.1. High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) ................................ 54
Gambar 4.2. Filter Press .................................................................................. 59
Gambar 4.3. Mud Mixer ................................................................................... 59
Gambar 4.4. Stopwatch .................................................................................... 60

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Gambar 4.5. Gelas Ukur 500 cc ...................................................................... 60
Gambar 4.6. Jangka Sorong ............................................................................ 61
Gambar 4.7. Filter Paper ................................................................................. 61
Gambar 4.8. Bentonite...................................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.9. Aquades ...................................................................................... 62
Gambar 5.1. Labu Titrasi 250 ml dan 100 ml ................................................. 70
Gambar 5.2. Buret Mikro ................................................................................ 70
Gambar 5.3. Pengaduk .................................................................................... 71
Gambar 5.4. Pipet ............................................................................................ 71
Gambar 5.5. pH Paper ..................................................................................... 72
Gambar 5.6. Bentonite...................................................................................... 72
Gambar 5.7. Aquades ....................................................................................... 73
Gambar 5.8. NaOH ......................................................................................... 73
Gambar 5.9. NaHCO3 ...................................................................................... 74
Gambar 5.10. CaCO3 ....................................................................................... 74
Gambar 5.11. Serbuk MgO ............................................................................. 75
Gambar 5.12. Kalium Karbonat ...................................................................... 75
Gambar 5.13. Gypsum ...................................................................................... 76
Gambar 5.14. Quobracho................................................................................. 76
Gambar 5.15. Larutan H2SO4 ........................................................................... 77
Gambar 5.16. Larutan EDTA .......................................................................... 77
Gambar 6.1. Fann VG ...................................................................................... 93
Gambar 6.2. Baroid Wall Building Tester ....................................................... 94
Gambar 6.3. Tester Neraca .............................................................................. 94
Gambar 6.4. pH Indikator ............................................................................... 94
Gambar 6.5. Kompresor .................................................................................. 95
Gambar 6.6. Gelas Ukur .................................................................................. 95
Gambar 6.7. Mud Mixer .................................................................................. 96
Gambar 6.8. Stopwatch .................................................................................... 96
Gambar 6.9. Titration Disk .............................................................................. 97
Gambar 6.10. Jangka Sorong .......................................................................... 97

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Gambar 6.11. Filter Trap ................................................................................. 98
Gambar 6.12. Aquades ..................................................................................... 99
Gambar 6.13. Bentonite.................................................................................... 99
Gambar 6.14. Gypsum ...................................................................................... 100
Gambar 6.15. Soda Ash .................................................................................... 100
Gambar 6.16. Monosodium Phospate .............................................................. 101
Gambar 7.1. Timbangan .................................................................................. 117
Gambar 7.2. Gelas Elenmeyer 200 cc ............................................................. 118
Gambar 7.3. Magnet Batang ........................................................................... 118
Gambar 7.4. Pipet ............................................................................................ 119
Gambar 7.5. Kertas Saring .............................................................................. 119
Gambar 7.6. Stopwatch .................................................................................... 120
Gambar 7.7. Bentonite...................................................................................... 120
Gambar 7.8. Aquades ...................................................................................... 121
Gambar 7.9. H2SO4 5N .................................................................................... 121
Gambar 7.10. Methylene Blue ......................................................................... 122

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1. Hasil Percobaan Viskositas dan Gel Strength ................................. 47

Tabel 4.1. Hasil Percobaan Filtrasi dan Mud Cake ......................................... 63
Tabel 5.1. Hasil Percobaan Analisa Kimia Lumpur Percobaan ...................... 82
Tabel 5.2. Hasil Perhitungan Analisa Kimia Lumpur Pemboran ................... 83
Tabel 6.1. Hasil Percobaan Kontaminasi Lumpur Pemboran ......................... 103
Tabel 6.2. Hasil Percobaan Kontaminasi Lumpur Pemboran ......................... 103
Tabel 7.1. Kapasitas Tuka Kation dari Beberapa Jenis Mineral Clay ............. 114

xii
 DAFTAR DIAGRAM

Diagram 6.1. Kontaminasi NaCl ..................................................................... 105

Diagram 6.2. Kontaminasi Gypsum ................................................................ 106
Diagram 6.3. Kontaminasi Semen .................................................................. 107

xiii
 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

TUGAS PENDAHULUAN

ACARA I DENSITAS, SAND CONTENT DAN PENGUKURAN

KADAR MINYAK PADA LUMPUR PEMBORAN

ACARA II PENGUKURAN VISKKOSITAS DAN GEL STRENGTH

ACARA III FILTRASI DAN MUD CAKE

ACARA IV ANALISA KIMIA LUMPUR PEMBORAN

ACARA V KONTAMINASI LUMPUR PEMBORAN

ACARA VI PENGUKURAN MBT (METHYLENE BLUE TEST)

xiv