Immune System
(Prime Rhyme Time)
By: Lauren Witmer
Bacterium, fungus, virus, or disease
They may not enter the body as they
please
Committed to destroy and defend
Our immune system is our very best
friend
Innate immunity includes barrier and
internal defenses
This rapid, nonspecific response from
birth protects at all expenses
Pathogens are no match against the
system
Our skin helps us to resist ‘em
As the first line of barrier defense, the
skin blocks entry of many pathogens
The second being the linings of the
digestive tracts in our abdomens
Saliva, tears, and mucous secretions all
help bathe the exposed epithelial tissue
This washing inhibits colonization of
fungi and bacteria without an issue.
Internal Defenses are what happens
inside us
There are many parts, as we will we
soon discuss
Inflammatory response alerts your
body of a tiny boo-boo
Pain and swelling are usually the result,
who knew?
This response comes with changes
brought about by signaling molecules,
These signals released upon injury or
infection, histamine is one of the main
tools
Stored in densely packed vesicles of
mast cells,
Histamine is released at sites of
damage, like magic or a secret spell
It triggers nearby blood vessels to dilate
and become leaky,
Fluid then leaks into neighboring tissues
which causes localized swelling (I know,
pretty freaky)
The body must fight in order to survive
Receptor protein-tyrosine kinases are
important in this process; there’s around
fifty-five
Antigens are any molecules capable of
inducing the immune system to respond
These foreign invaders bind to the B or
T cell receptors in which it corresponds.
Slower in response, adaptive and
specific
Acquired Immunity is quite terrific
Acquired Immunity include humoral and
cell-mediated
Humoral activates B cells, where
plasma and memory cells are created.
What are B and T cells? You may ask
B cells remain and mature in the bone
marrow proliferating and differentiating
into memory B cells and antibody
secreting plasma cells is its task.
Cell mediated activates cytotoxic T-cells
 Immune System
(Prime Rhyme Time)
By: Lauren Witmer
Producing activated and memory
cytotoxic T- cells.
Helper T cells start it all
You can thank them for healing you
after a fall
Helper T cells promotes the secretion
of cytokines
These send out signals to initiate the
production of antibodies, there’s many
kinds
Antibodies neutralize pathogens and
activate t cells that will kill the infected
cells
Activated only when a foreign molecule
can bind specifically to the antigen
receptor of the T- cell.
Cells within the body capable of
engulfing and absorbing bacteria,
Phagocytes can break down and ingest
those germs like it’s in the cafeteria
The two main types are neutrophils and
macrophages found in mammals,
They migrate through the body, always
in a scramble
Attracted by signals from infected
tissues like the blood,
Neutrophils attack and engulf
pathogens like a flood
The bigger the better, as they always
say
Macrophages are big, and destroy any
foreign invaders in their way
Circulating through the body and
releasing chemicals that lead to cell
death,
Natural killer cells don’t engulf
bacteria, unlike the rest.
The chemicals released inhibit the
spread of viruses or cancers
The immune system has all of life’s
answers.
Detecting the abnormal collection of
surface protein characteristics of some
virus-infected and cancerous cells,
Innate defenses in vertebrates always
excel thanks to these natural killer cells
Active immunity can develop through
the introduction of antigens into the
body through immunization
Today these immunizations are called
vaccines; they save us from repeated
foreign cell contamination
Vaccines contain inactivated bacterial
toxins, killed or weakened pathogens,
and even genes encoding microbial
proteins.
Vaccines, like varicella, influenza and
MMR, are needed by all means.
These immunizations induce a primary
immune response that can last around
10-17 days to the pathogen from the
vaccine
The first time that the immune system
comes in contact with a certain antigen
is known as primary immune response,
the second time it comes around, it’s
definitely foreseen.
 Immune System
(Prime Rhyme Time)
By: Lauren Witmer

Whenever that pathogen is encountered The lymph nodes become swollen with
again it only takes 2-7 days to defeat it, infection, no wonder it’ ns called
inflammatory
The secondary immune response will
be able to fight it off faster and stronger, I know that these processes sound
with memory cells that seek it intense and quite difficult,
Memory cells are long-lived B cells that But really doing this process every
will attack a certain pathogen whenever second is quite typical
it returns
I know there aren’t any fireworks,
B cells divide into plasma cells and
Basically that’s how the immune system
memory cells which a certain pathogen
works
that it learns.
Plasma cells secrete antibodies that fit
with antigen receptors like a lock and
key
Oh boy this is so exciting, I might
actually pee
These antibodies neutralize toxins and
immobilize molecules that are foreign
They bind specifically to an antigen and
targets for destructin’
Killer T- cells fight pathogens when
helpers T cells give the signal
Sometimes known as cytotoxic t cells,
they use proteins to kill infected cells,
really quite simple.
Suppressor T- cells inhibit cell division,
therefore preventing uncontrolled cell
growth,
Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
trap foreign substances, the lymphatic
system consists of them both
Consisting of B and T cells and all their
glory