4500-LSS

User Guide
Installation Handbook
Maintenance Handbook

Commercial in Confidence – Copyright ©2010

 Contents
Contents ..................................................................................................................... 2
Publishing Information ................................................................................................ 6
Version Information .................................................................................................... 7
Document History .................................................................................................... 7
Software Version History ......................................................................................... 7
4500-LSS- General Information ................................................................................. 8
About this document................................................................................................ 9
Handbook contents ................................................................................................. 9
Feedback ................................................................................................................ 9
General Safety ...................................................................................................... 10
Device Related Safety Precautions ....................................................................... 11
Safety Grounding .................................................................................................. 12
Surge Protection.................................................................................................... 13
Electrical Shock Hazard ........................................................................................ 13
Electrostatic Discharge Precautions ...................................................................... 13
Tilt function ............................................................................................................ 13
Certification Markings ............................................................................................ 13
Recycling ............................................................................................................... 14
Warranty information ............................................................................................. 14
Product Description .................................................................................................. 15
Specifications .................................................................................................... 16
Performance: 4500-LSS ................................................................................... 16
Electrical Specification ...................................................................................... 16
Communications Specification: 4500-LSS ........................................................ 16
Connector Specification [ DC Version ] ............................................................. 17
Environmental Specification .............................................................................. 17
Physical Specification ....................................................................................... 17
Shipping Specification ....................................................................................... 17
Factory Testing and Certification....................................................................... 18
Warranty Information ......................................................................................... 18
Personnel Training Requirements ..................................................................... 18
Testing Equipment ............................................................................................ 18
Installation Tools [ not included with unit ] ......................................................... 18
4500-LSS- User Guide ............................................................................................. 19
Operating Instructions .............................................................................................. 20

2
Message Formats Version 1.3 and above .............................................................. 21
Modes ................................................................................................................... 21
OPEN ................................................................................................................ 21
CLOSED ........................................................................................................... 21
MESSAGE Types.............................................................................................. 21
a) Autonomous Messages ........................................................................... 21
b) Command Responses ............................................................................. 21
H0 POLL ........................................................................................................... 21
AUTONOMOUS MESSAGES ........................................................................... 22
H1 PERIODIC MESSAGE .............................................................................. 22
H2 FLASH MESSAGE .................................................................................... 22
H3 POLAR FLASH MESSAGE WITH GPS TIME ............................................ 23
G VERSION MESSAGE ................................................................................... 24
COMMAND SET Version 1.3 and above .......................................................... 25
H 1: Periodic Message ...................................................................................... 25
H 2: Flash Message .......................................................................................... 25
H 3: Flash Message with GPS Time ................................................................. 25
H xxx: Combinations of H1, H2 and H3 Messages .......................................... 25
G : Version Message ....................................................................................... 25
J: Set Aging Interval ......................................................................................... 25
L Set Rotation ................................................................................................. 26
Exclude Distant Reports.................................................................................... 26
GET MAX DISTANCE : ..................................................................................... 26
SET MAX DISTANCE 103, ............................................................................... 26
GET UTC TIME ................................................................................................. 26
GET GPS LOCATION ....................................................................................... 27
SET TEST ON, SET TEST OFF ....................................................................... 27
GET STATUS [GS] ........................................................................................... 27
GET PARAMS [ GP] ......................................................................................... 27
RESET .............................................................................................................. 27
SET FACTORY ................................................................................................. 27
Equipment Description. ............................................................................................ 28
Electronics Enclosure Module ............................................................................... 30
Fault Finding ............................................................................................................ 35
Field Repair Strategy ........................................................................................ 35
Antenna ............................................................................................................. 35
Strike Processor Engine .................................................................................... 35
Message Processor / GPS Receiver ................................................................. 35

3
 Power supply..................................................................................................... 35
COMMS Interface Module ................................................................................. 36
POWER ............................................................................................................ 37
Strike Processor LED Display Codes ................................................................ 37
Strike Processor Error Table ............................................................................. 38
Lightning Explorer Software Package ...................................................................... 39
Introduction ........................................................................................................... 39
Prerequisites ......................................................................................................... 40
Installation ............................................................................................................. 40
Configuration ......................................................................................................... 40
Software Interface Description .............................................................................. 44
Map Display ...................................................................................................... 44
Distances Box ................................................................................................... 45
Graticule Selection Checkbox ........................................................................... 46
Database / TCP / Serial LED Indicator .............................................................. 47
Zoom Buttons .................................................................................................... 48
Strike Aging ....................................................................................................... 49
Test Audio / Acknowledge Button ..................................................................... 50
Strike Co-Ordinates Box ................................................................................... 51
Strike Data Box ................................................................................................. 52
Software Removal ................................................................................................. 53
4500-LSS- Installation Handbook ............................................................................. 54
Unloading and Unpacking ..................................................................................... 55
RS232 / RS422 Configuration ............................................................................... 56
Siting and Installation Guidelines .......................................................................... 57
Distance from Obstructions – ................................................................................ 57
Mounting Surface the ............................................................................................ 57
Distance from Interference Sources ...................................................................... 57
Lightning Prone Sites. ........................................................................................... 57
Sensor Height, Rigidity, Verticality, and Orientation – ........................................... 57
Ideal Site ............................................................................................................... 58
Foundation ............................................................................................................ 58
Foundation Design [Site Dependent]..................................................................... 59
Installation Materials Required .............................................................................. 59
Preparation for Civil Works .................................................................................... 60
Civil Works ............................................................................................................ 60
Prepare the Site ................................................................................................ 61
Mount Pole ....................................................................................................... 62

4
 Install the Mounting Pole ....................................................................................... 62
Attach the Sensor. ................................................................................................. 63
Connect Signal wiring ............................................................................................ 63
Connect Power Wiring........................................................................................... 65
DC Supply ......................................................................................................... 65
Connect Earth Wiring ............................................................................................ 66
Calculate the Sensor’s angle of rotation ................................................................ 66
Align sensor .......................................................................................................... 67
Commissioning ......................................................................................................... 68
Check Power Wiring and Fusing ........................................................................... 68
Start the Sensor and verify operation .................................................................... 68
Local Serial Comms Operation.............................................................................. 68
Enter the Sensor’s angle of rotation ...................................................................... 68
Check Network Connectivity [ Networked unit] ...................................................... 68
Closing the Sensor ................................................................................................ 69
Check Network Connectivity at the server............................................................. 69
4500-LSS- Maintenance Handbook ......................................................................... 70
Preventative Maintenance ........................................................................................ 71
Preventative Maintenance Plan and Schedule .................................................. 71
Preventative Maintenance Procedures ............................................................. 71
Inspect physical condition of Site ...................................................................... 71
Inspect Sensor mount Sensor Mount ................................................................ 71
Inspect ground connections Grounding Inspection ........................................... 72
Junction Box Inspections .................................................................................. 72
Conduit and Cable Inspections ......................................................................... 72
Sensor Enclosure Inspection ............................................................................ 72
Instrument Storage............................................................................................ 73
Cabinet Wiring Diagram 110V AC version ........................................................ 74
Cabinet Wiring Diagram 240V AC version ........................................................ 75

5
Publishing Information
MTECH Systems Pty Ltd
15 Kevlar Close
Braeside
Victoria
Australia 3195
Phone: +613 9588 2829
Email: sales@mtechsystems.com
Web: http://www.mtechsystems.com

© MTECH Systems Pty Ltd 2010

Reproduction of any section of this document by any means including mechanical or

electronic is expressly forbidden. Communication of the contents of this manual to
any third party is also forbidden.

All information contained within was correct at the time of printing however the
contents of this document may change without notice.

6
Version Information
This document is the Technical Handbook for the 4500-LSS Lightning Strike Sensor
as delivered to the end user by MTECH Systems Pty Ltd; it is intended as a general
guide for controlling, decoding and maintaining the 4500-LSS Lightning Strike
Sensor

Document History
Version Date Comment
V1.10 23/6/2011 Updated Lightning Explorer description
V 2.0 13/09/2011 Combined Handbook Version
V 2.1 26/10/2011 Added descriptions of software user interface elements
V 2.2 26/10/2011 Added descriptions of software user interface elements

Software Version History

Version Date Comment
V1.1 10/09/2009 Split from USER Guide
V1.2 30/09/2009 General Edit
V1.3 01/02/2010 Network Message Added
V1.4 01/02/2010 Minor corrections
V1.5 01/02/2010 Special Version
V1.6 20/09/2011 Additional Commands added. Network message km units,
SET SITE command added.

7
4500-LSS- General Information

8
This section contains general information about the product and this manual is
provided in this chapter.

About this document

This handbook provides all the information needed to enable the end user to install,
operate, maintain and troubleshoot the MTECH Systems 4500-LSS Lightning Strike
Sensor.

Handbook contents

This handbook is a condensed manual containing the four main manuals relating to
the device. The manuals contained within this document are:

1. User Guide
2. Installation Handbook
3. Maintenance Handbook

Feedback

The MTECH Systems documentation team welcomes your suggestions and

comments on how we may improve our documentation further. If you have a
contribution or correction you would like to make please contact us at:
documentation@mtechsystems.com

9
General Safety

Within this manual there are specific pieces of information highlighted in the following
ways and with these respective purposes:

Note Lists important information in this section, important related

information from other sections of the manual or advice on
best practice in the usage of the instrument or its
accessories.

Caution This highlighted information cautions the reader of a

potential hazard. Failure to read, understand and employ
information contained in this instruction could result in the
damage of the instrument or the loss of data.

Warning Non-compliance with the precaution described in these

specific warning messages violates the manufacturers
approved method of use of the instrument. MTECH Systems
assumes no liability for the user’s failure to comply with
these specific warning messages.

10
Device Related Safety Precautions

The 4500-LSSdevice is tested for safety compliance prior to being sent from the
factory. The following precautions relating to the safe operation of the device must
be followed at all times when transporting, installing, using, maintaining or
troubleshooting the device.

Caution Do not modify the device without specific instruction from the
manufacturer. Non-approved modifications can result in
sensor malfunction, product damage or increased safety risk
to personnel.

Warning Ensure that the device is well grounded prior to initial

operation and prior to each requirement for touching the
device.

Warning Operation of electrical devices in areas where flammable

gases, fumes or explosive atmospheres poses a safety
hazard. As the 4500-LSSis an electrical device it should not
be operated in such an area.

Warning Do not attempt service of the internal parts of the device

unless there is suitably trained personel on hand to render
first iad should it be required.

Warning The power cable to the sensor should be removed and the
residual power allowed to dissipate for a period of not less
than 5 minutes prior to internal maintenance of the device.

Warning The device should not be maintained by personel other than

suitably qualified and trainined maintenance personel.

11
Safety Grounding

The AC version of the sensor is equipped with a three-conductor AC power

connector.

Warning The power cable must be installed with a safety ground

connection.

12
Surge Protection

The device is manufactured with built in surge protection for AC and

Communications Lines. AC version of the sensor is equipped with a three-conductor
AC power connector. The power cable must be installed with a safety ground
connection.

Caution For the surge protection feature of the device to work

effectively the sensor must be grounded to a low impedance
earth.

Electrical Shock Hazard

Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement

and internal adjustments must be made by qualified maintenance personnel. Do not
replace components with power cable connected.

High voltage will be accessible when the covers of the transmitter, receiver and
power are removed and the Lightning Strike Sensor is connected to mains voltage or
a 12-volt DC power supply. Conductors on the rear of the main circuit card carry
voltages in excess of 300 Volts.

Warning High voltages are present within the device when it is

energized. Areas of caution relating to high voltages are
clearly marked with warning stickers.

Electrostatic Discharge Precautions

Some circuitry inside the 4500-LSSLightning Strike Sensor is susceptible to damage

from ESD.

Caution When handling electronic components ensure that an ESD

protected workbench or ESD strap are used to ensure
protection of the equipment.

Tilt function

Where possible tilt the instrument away from the sun. By tilting 12 degrees, the user
can prevent any direct solar irradiance at all latitudes greater than 11 degrees either
side of the equator. With no tilt solar irradiance will occur at latitudes between 11 and
23 degrees.

Caution Improperly tilted installation towards the sun may have an

effect on instrument performance and also the long term
reliability of the device.

Certification Markings
The device is supplied with C-Tick, CE and FCC certification markings. The picture
below demonstrates the markings as on a completed instrument.

13
 4500-
LSS

Recycling
The 4500-LSShas been designed to be highly recyclable.

Note Recycling of electronic devices should be in conformance

with your organizations e-waste policy and also in
conformance with the applicable laws in your sate, territory
or country.

Caution The optionally supplied backup batteries contain toxic

substances. Dispose of batteries in accordance with your
local regulations.

Warranty information
Unless otherwise specified MTECH Systems provides a one year limited factory
warranty with its 4500-LSSLightning Strike Sensor. This warranty covers any defects
in the design or manufacture of the device.

Caution The warranty does not cover damage caused by improper

installation, negligent usage of the device or normal wear
and tear on the equipment in the course of its operation.

14
Product Description

The 4500-LSS Lightning Strike Sensor provides cost-effective and reliable, single-
point omni-directional thunderstorm detection for use with modern automated data
acquisition and processing systems. Also, it is ideal for integration with weather
platforms.

The Sensor can be connected to any of a variety of input/output (IO), data

processing and display devices. The 4500-LSS has 3 power supply options:

AC options (AC Sensor power, AC heater power), 115 VAC, 47-65 Hz or 230 VACS,
47-65 Hz,

DC/AC option (DC Sensor power, AC heater power)-

DC option (DC Sensor power, no heater power)

The 4500-LSS has standard Communication option: RS-232: other communications

options, if fitted utilize this interface.

15
The 4500-LSS Lightning Strike Sensor reports the direction of strikes in a message
containing the type, distance and bearing of lightning strikes.

Specifications

Performance: 4500-LSS

Parameter Capability

Detection Range and Direction Cloud-to- 0 to 360km, with direction finding to 10

Ground Lightning degrees
Cloud Lightning: 0-360 km
Mean Bearing Accuracy ±15° 99% of the time, 99.9% of the time,
and ±1° on test pulse
Bearing Resolution 1-second increments, 0 to 360°
Detection
Sensor Output Serial ASCII alphanumeric message
describing local thunderstorm conditions
(automatic 1-minute intervals or poll)

Electrical Specification
Specification Value
AC option 1 115 V AC +-10% 47-65 Hz
AC Option 2 230 V AC +-10% 47-65 Hz
DC option 11-32 VDC 6W

Communications Specification: 4500-LSS

Parameter Value
Interface Type RS232 or RS422 full duplex
Data Frame 8 bit, 1 stop bit, No parity
Baud Rate 9600

Ethernet WIFI Option: 4500-WE

Parameter Value
Ethernet WIFI Option IEEE 802.11 b,g Ethernet

16
Connector Specification [ DC Version ]
The fixed connector is an Amphenol Tuchel 7 pin environmental connector.

Sensor Data/Power Function Pin

RS232 Rxd 1
RXD Common 2
RS232 Txd 3
TXD Common 4
8-15VDC 5
8-15VDC Backup supply 6
Power common 7

Environmental Specification
Parameter Value
Maximum Wind Load 160 km/hr, on 2 metre
mast.
RH 0-100%
Temperature -30 to +50 without heater
Elevation Up to 3000 metres
Rain / Snow Fitted with radome

Physical Specification
Specification Value
Dimensions Housing, 650 H x 300W x 200 D
mm
Dimensions Pole, mm 50 dia, 1900H
Weight, Housing / Pole 10 kg / 12kg
Packing #1 , mm 80 x 50 x 300
Packing #2 , mm 2100 x 300 x 300

Shipping Specification

Specification Value
Description Pine and Plywood case ,
export treated
Dimensions cm 66 H x 36W x 188 D
Gross Weight 55kg

17
Factory Testing and Certification
Electrical and functional performance of each unit is thoroughly test prior to shipping
from factory.

Warranty Information
12 months.

Personnel Training Requirements

Consult MTECH for training courses.

Testing Equipment
• Standard electronics technician tools
• Laptop Computer with terminal programme
• Multimeter

Installation Tools [ not included with unit ]

• Small spirit level
• Phillips screwdrivers; large, medium, and small
• Flat blade screwdrivers, large, medium, and small
• Magnetic compass—Lensatic compass recommended
• Adjustable wrench; jaw opening 38 mm
• Wire stripper

18
4500-LSS- User Guide

19
Operating Instructions

Data acquired by the 4500-LSS is transmitted via direct serial connection or

telemetry equipment such serial to Ethernet converter, serial mux or TCP-IP
connection to a central computer processor. Lightning Strike data is processed and
made available to various users, depending on system configuration.

When the Lightning Strike Sensor is placed outdoors it should be connected to its
power supply to prevent condensation inside.

The Lightning Strike Sensor is configured and programmed in the factory, and other
than physical installation no actions by the operator are required.

To start/stop the unit the power is connected / disconnected.

If the unit is to be shut down for an extended period of time, and environmental
conditions are such that there is a risk of internal condensation, then the unit should
be brought indoors. The Lightning Strike Sensor outputs a data message via the
serial interface each time a lighting strike is detected.

Operation is automatic (after power is supplied), and no operator intervention is

required to initiate transmission of meteorological data back to the computer
processor.

20
Message Formats Version 1.3 and above

Modes

There are 2 modes:

OPEN
After issuing the OPEN command the sensor enters OPEN mode and is ready to
accept commands this is evidenced by the presence of the command prompt
CMD>

CLOSED
After issuing the CLOSE or SAVE command or the OPEN mode times out, the
sensor enters the normal, RUNNING or CLOSED mode.

MESSAGE Types
Messages are of 2 types:

a) Autonomous Messages
These are output automatically on occurrence of an event, such as a FLASH
, or at a specific time ,eg each MINUTE. These are only sent in CLOSED
Mode

b) Command Responses
These messages follow console commands, either continuing data or
acknowledgment of a change to settings. Console commands are only
admitted when in OPEN Mode

H0 POLL
The poll is a H0 message, which immediately generates the H1 periodic message
when in CLOSED mode

21
AUTONOMOUS MESSAGES
These messages will be sent automatically on occurrence of an event when in
CLOSED mode

H1 PERIODIC MESSAGE
This message displays a summary of the lightning strike data over the Aging Interval
set by the J command

This message is enabled by issuing the H1 command or the H12 command .

The message is sent every 15 seconds

The format is as follows:

NEAR: N 0 NE 0 E 0 SE 0 S 0 SW 0 W 0 NW 0
DIST: N 0 NE 0 E 0 SE 0 S 0 SW 0 W 0 NW 0
OVHD 0 CLOUD 0 TOTAL 0 P 0H 20 C 0 0 0 0 0 0.01

The message contains the following information:

NEAR - Accumulated flash counts by range in 8 octants N,NE,E,SE,S,SW,W,NW

range 10-30 nm

DIST - Accumulated flash counts by range in 8 octants N,NE,E,SE,S,SW,W,NW

range >30nm

OVHD Accumulated flash counts by range within 10nm radius

CLOUD Cloud Counts

TOTAL Total of all the above

H2 FLASH MESSAGE

This message displays a lightning strike data for each strike.

This message is enabled by issuing the H2 command or the H12 command.

This is the correct mode of operation for the sensor in MITAS systems. As soon as a
flash is processed, the Sensor responds with that flash message.

The format is as follows:

FLASH ttttt TTTTT DDD x dd

22
 CODE DESCRIPTION
tttt time of minute of the start of the flash
TTTT is the time of the minute of the end of the
FLASH
DDDD the polar direction of the FLASH in degrees
x is the distance in nm
dd the octant direction

For example

FLASH 31.985 31.988 129 1 W

FLASH 31.996 31.999 42 1 SW
FLASH 32.013 32.016 107 1 E

H3 POLAR FLASH MESSAGE WITH GPS TIME

This message displays lightning strike data for each FLASH, together with the UTC
time of the occurrence.
This message is enabled by issuing the H3 command

The format is as follows:

SITE,DATE,TIME,SLM,BS,DS,X,FAULTS [CR]

CODE DESCRIPTION
DATE YYMMDD
TIME HHMMSSTSTS UTC
SLM STRIKES LAST MINUTE, UPDATED EACH
MINUTE
BS BEARING OF STRIKE, 3 DIGITS 000-359
DS DISTANCE OF STRIKE 3 DIGITS KM
X FOR CLOUD TO CLOUD G FOR LOUD TO
GROUND
FAULTS FAULT STRING

Example strike response:

YMMB,20100509,2312243332,001,024,015,G,000000 [CR]
A strike at 24 degrees azimuth, 15 km away, cloud to ground. No errors

23
G VERSION MESSAGE
This message displays the version number when the unit restarts at a cold reset,
power on reset or when a GET VERSION command is received.

The format is as follows:

MTECH SYSTEMS 4500-LSS V1.6

24
COMMAND SET Version 1.3 and above

Commands will result in certain actions in the sensor and a confirmation on the
console. Commands will only be accepted when the sensor console is OPEN.

To open the sensor, type OPEN <enter>

To close the sensor preserving the original settings type CLOSE<enter>

To close the sensor and save the new settings type SAVE<enter>

The following commands are accepted when the sensor is OPEN

SET SITE ABCD

Command : SET SITE ABCD
Response : SITE SET TO ABCD
This enables a unique site name to be configured for the network message.

H 1: Periodic Message
Command : H1<cr>
Response Message Type H1<cr>

H 2: Flash Message
Command : H2<cr>
Response Message Type H2<cr>

H 3: Flash Message with GPS Time

Command : H3<cr>
Response Message Type H3<cr>

H xxx: Combinations of H1, H2 and H3 Messages

Example Command : H12<cr> or H13<cr> etc.

Response Message Type H12<cr>

G : Version Message
Command : G<cr>
Response MTECH SYSTEMS 4500-LSS V1.3<cr>

J: Set Aging Interval

Command : Jx<cr>
Response Aging Interval = x<cr>

25
Where
x= 1 is a 15 minute accumulation time
x= 2 is a 10 minute accumulation time
x= 3 is a 5 minute accumulation time
x= 4 is a 30 minute accumulation time

L Set Rotation
Value Enquiry

Command : L<cr>
Response Rxyz<cr>

Value Setting

Command : Lxyz<cr>
Response Rxyz<cr>

xyz is a number between 0 and 359

6.5.8 Set Factory Defaults

SET FACTORY : sets eeprom settings to default (note default max detection
distance is 80 NM)

Exclude Distant Reports

The range of the sensor is 360km. However, for tactical reasons it is often best to
eliminate strikes beyond a certain distance, eg. Because distant storms are of no
interest, or because it is required to emulate the TSS928. For the TSS928 mode,
the Maximum distance should be set at 60km

GET MAX DISTANCE :

returns the max detecting distance.

SET MAX DISTANCE 103,

where 103 can be any number from 5 to 200 NM.

Excluded reports are included in the Rejected strokes category of the H1 message.

GET UTC TIME

This command returns the GPS time, in UTC, in 2 rows:

HH:MM:SS
DD/MM/YYYY

26
Where HH is hours in the 24 hour clock, MM is minutes, 0-59, SS = Seconds 0-59
000 to 999, YYYY is the year, MM is the month of the year and DD is the day of the
month.
If no GPS signal is received the command returns : GPS data unavailable

GET GPS LOCATION

This command returns the Latitude, Longitude and Altitude of the site in degrees and
fractions of a degree and metres respectively. Negative Latitudes are south of the
equator, Negative longitudes are West of the prime meridian. If no GPS signal is
received the command returns : GPS data unavailable

SET TEST ON, SET TEST OFF

These commands turn test mode on and off. If turned on, the 4500-LSS returns a
test pattern of strikes which is useful when testing in the absence of real lightning.

GET STATUS [GS]

This command reports the status of the GPS receiver, UTC Time and Date , Latitude
and Longitude, Elevation.

GET PARAMS [ GP]

This command reports the configurable parameters, including SITE Name, Rotation
Offset, Maximum Strike Reprot Distance etc.

RESET
This resets the sensor.

SET FACTORY
This returns the unit to factory defaults.

27
Equipment Description.

The 4500-LSS is a passive sensor that listens for electromagnetic signals with a
receiving antenna. The antenna detects intra-cloud, inter-cloud, or cloud-to-ground
electrical discharges within a 200-nmi radius.The 4500-LSS comprises a pole, pole
top detection sensor and pole mounted enclosure housing the electronic systems. A
radome protects against rain and snow fall.

Within the enclosure there is the lightning detection engine, Lightning detector
processor and interface device as per communications option selected at time of
ordering.

A lightning discharge is made up of one or more individual discharges. The total

discharge is called a flash. Each individual discharge within a flash is called a stroke.

The Sensor detects individual lightning strokes. In the normal mode of operation, the
Sensor clusters strokes into flashes based on a time and angle coincidence. All
strokes received within 1 second and ±5 degrees azimuth of the first stroke are
considered part of a single flash. A flash counter is increased by one for each flash
detected, regardless of the number of strokes in the flash.

28
Sensor Unit Assembly with Radome.

Underside view of Ground Plane assembly on pole

The north orientation is clearly marked on the active antenna and on the ground plane

The Antenna Ground plane assembly screws onto the top of the pole. A set screw
prevents rotation.
The antenna cable runs down the centre of the pole and enters the electronics
cabinet below the gland plate.

29
Electronics Enclosure Module

Lightning Strike Processor

Main Processor with GPS engine

30
 Output connector

The 4500-LSS M12 Controller has 4 ports :

PORT 1: Connects at RS232 level to the Strike Processor

PORT 2: Communicate to the USER.

PORT 3: Communicates to the GPS for time synchronization

PORT 4: Maintenance Monitoring (RS232) Note: Factory use only.

Power Supply Conditioning, AC Powered version

Power supply Surge Protector Breaker

31
View of Assembly showing RS232 connection point

RS232 Connection

32
ETHERNET WIFI OPTION 4500-WE

The Ethernet WIFI Option 4500-WE includes a serial to WIFI module MOXA type
W2150 attached to a plate mounted on the door.

To connect to this, either a direct connection between the 4500-LSS and a single
computer [ Infrastructure Mode] or fully networked connection via an access point to
connect to several computers can be used.

The W2150 as supplied has the following settings:

SSID: LX4500
Ethernet IP : 192.168.126.254
WIFI IP : 192.168.126.250
Type OPEN
Encryption None.
Mode Infratsructure.

The RS232 output of the 4500-LSS is connected to the W2150 via a 3 core cable,
with TD, RD and GND connections , the power supply is 12VDC from the sensor
power supply, and the antenna connection is to a simple omni-directional antenna
mounted under the unit.
For longer range connections, a directional antenna may be required.

The computer to which the system is connected will need to be set to the following
settings to enable link establishment:

Ethernet IP : 192.168.126.1
WIFI IP : 192.168.126.2
Type OPEN
Encryption None.

If the system is being used with an access point mode, the Mode setting on the
W2150 needs to be changed from Infrastructure mode to Access Point Mode.

The software needs to be set to Ether net, with the correct IP address for the W2150
WIFI Ethernet .

CHANGING IP ADDRESSES
The IP address of the W2150 can be changed as required.

To do this, connect to the W2150 using a laptop or notebook computer and Ethernet
cable with IP set to 192.168.126.2

Refer to the handbook on the W2150 for details.

33
MEASUREMENT MODES

The sensor has 3 modes of operation:

1. Measure Mode:

H1 TSS928 H1 Message Mode

H2 TSS928 H2 Message Mode
H12 TSS928 H12 Message Mode
H3 4500-LSS H3 Message Mode

2. Test Strike Mode

Test Mode with any of the above message modes set,

3. Noise Test Mode

Noise Test Mode with any of the above message mode set

These are set by commands described in Para 6.5

34
Fault Finding

Field Repair Strategy

The strategy for field repair is to isolate the cause of problems to one of the FRUS in
the unit.
The FRUS are:

Antenna

This FRU is field replaceable but non repairable

The antenna is a combined cross-loop and sense antenna. Connection is made

through a single 10-pin connector It is mounted to the ground plane using a doubler
plate supplied with the installation kit The antenna is sealed against environmental
extremes and is non-repairable. To inhibit the build-up of precipitation-static the
antenna is coated with conductive paint and should not be repainted.

This device is mounted on the sensor ground plane. It is the ground plane which
provides the ideal environment for the antenna to work accurately and have the
optimal sensitivity,

Strike Processor Engine

This FRU is field replaceable but non field repairable, it must be returned to the
depot for service

The device BITE detects errors in the Antenna and itself. The user can observe
certain fault states on the LEDs visible on the panel of the processor. This FRU is
field replaceable but non field repairable, it must be returned to the depot for service

Message Processor / GPS Receiver

This device manages all communications with the host device, integrates the Optical
Sensor, GPS and Lightning Strike Engine data streams and formats the messages
and manages setup, orientation and com port pass through functions. This unit
features a boot loader and firmware upgrades can be uploaded if required.

Power supply

This converts 110V-240VAC power to 12VDC power. This is not present in 12VDC
units.

35
COMMS Interface Module
If the unit has an integral Fibre, SHDSL, VDSL modem or Serial to Ethernet
converter fitted, this is a field replaceable but not repairable unit.

36
POWER
Check the LEDS on the Strike Processor Engine and Comms / GPS processor.
These LEDS should be on. If not check the power supply and the 12VDC supply
with a multimeter.

Strike Processor LED Display Codes

The status of the strike processor can be determined on site by examination of the
LEDS.

COMMUNICATION LED NORMAL OPERATION FAILED OPERATION

DSP LED 1 ON OFF
MAIN LED 6 TOGGLES ON/OFF - (WHEN STRIKE DOES NOT TOGGLE ON/OFF WHEN
IS DETECTED)* STRIKE IS PRESENT
LED 7 OFF ON
LED 8 ON/OFF - ONCE PER SECOND ON or OFF (DOES NOT PULSE ONCE
PER SECOND)
SERIAL TX ON (PULSES WHEN TX OCCURS)** OFF or ON (DOES NOT PULSE EVERY 2
SECONDS)
RX ON (PULSES WHEN RX OCCURS)** OFF or ON (DOES NOT PULSE EVERY 2
SECONDS)

37
Strike Processor Error Table

The Error codes can be interrogated with the REPRORT ERRORS command.

ERROR PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

ERROR 01. Processor Fault. Main processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 05. Processor Fault. Main processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 06. Processor Fault. Main processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 07. Processor Fault. Main processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 08. Processor Fault. Main processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 09. Processor Fault. DSP processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 10. Processor Fault. DSP processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 11. Processor Fault. DSP processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 12. Processor Fault. DSP processor memory Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 14. Processor Fault. DSP processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 15. Processor Fault. DSP processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 16. Antenna Fault. Antenna or Antenna wiring Replace Antenna FRU

ERROR 17. Processor Fault. No test strikes, antenna in noisy Fault may clear automatically if interference
location, or faulty antenna. subsides. Replace Antenna FRU

ERROR 18. Processor Fault. Invalid test strikes, antenna in noisy Fault may clear automatically if interference
location or faulty antenna. subsides. Replace Antenna FRU

ERROR 19. Processor Fault. Main Processor or Antenna in noisy See Error 19
location.

ERROR 20. Configuration Antenna Location Error. Contact Factory

Changed. Replace Comms GPS Processor FRU

ERROR 21. Processor Fault. Main processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 22. Invalid XYZ Input.* Heading setting In error Contact Factory
Replace Comms GPS Processor FRU

ERROR 23. Invalid Heading Ref.* Heading setting in Error. Contact Factory
Replace Comms GPS Processor FRU

ERROR 25 - 34. Processor Fault. Main processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 35. Processor Fault. Main or DSP processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 36. Processor Fault. Main or DSP processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 40. Processor Fault. Main processor Continue without weather mapping functions. Send
to factory for repair.
ERROR 41. Processor Fault. Main or DSP processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

ERROR 42. Processor Fault. Main processor Replace Strike Processor FRU

38
Lightning Explorer Software Package

Introduction
The Lightning Explorer software package is used to visualize and record lightning
strike data from the 4500-LSS Lightning Strike Sensor.

Features of the software include:

• Status Text Display

• Totals for distance ranges from sensor location
• Optional Graticule display
• Indication of Connection Type and Status, Database or Direct from sensor
• Strike Aging Totals
• Configurable strike aging colours (on double click)
• Strike location data as Lat Longs, or polar range and azimuth
• Distance units in km or nm.
• Strike Data display
• Raw Data View via database navigator.

39
Prerequisites
Lightning Explorer 5 is designed for use on Windows XP or later computers.

Installation
Install the software using the provided installer package.

15 Megabytes of disk space is required Lightning Explorer software.

50 Megabytes of disk space is required if a MySQL server is used.

Allow for additional space as required for data storage. A guide for data storage is
around 250kb per day.

Configuration
The configuration of the software is performed in a configuration file located in:

C:\Program Files\MTECH Systems\Lightning Explorer

With a filename of:

Lighting_Explorer.ini

In this file the following items can be configured:

[Map]
COMMENT: location and width (in km) of primary background image (this image will
appear at startup and when zoomed in) Zoom1Name = Lightning-1024x768.bmp
Zoom1Width = 204.8

COMMENT: location and width (in km) of secondary background image (this image
will appear when zoomed out)
Zoom2Name = Lightning-2048x1526.bmp
Zoom2Width = 409.6

DESCRIPTION:

SmallName: the name & location of the small (zoomed in) map. this can be just the
name of the image if in the same directory as lightning explorer, or an absolute or
relative path. This is loaded at startup, and displayed when zoomed in.

SmallWidth: the width, in kilometers, of the small (zoomed in) map.

LargeName: the name & location of the large (zoomed out) map. this can be just the
name of the image if in the same directory as lightning explorer, or an absolute or
relative path. This is displayed when zoomed out.

LargeWidth: the width, in kilometers, of the large (zoomed out) map.

[Colours]

40
COMMENT: colour of lightning strikes at various delays

COMMENT: Don't change here. Double click on the colour panel in the in the user
interface to change them.
1min=0x000000FF
2min=0x006060FF
3min=0x008080FF
4min=0x00a0a0FF
5min=0x00c0c0FF
6min=0x00e0e0FF

DESCRIPTION:
1min,2min,3min,4min,5min,6min: the colours to display the strikes as when they are
<1min old,<2min old,...,<6min old respectively. these are configurable in lightning
explorer by double clicking on the respective panels and selecting a colour.

[Graticule]
COMMENT: Colour = 0x00ffff

DESCRPTION:
Colour: the colour of the graticule and display text. This is configurable by right
clicking on the 'Graticule' check box and selecting 'Change Colour'

[Location]
COMMENT: location of the lightning sensor. ((-10 3 0.0, -20 0 0.0) means 10
degrees 3 minutes west and 20 degrees south)
Latitude = 0 0 0.0
Longitude = 0 0 0.0

DESCRIPTION:
Latitude, Longitude: The location of the lightning sensor and center of the map(s).
These can be written as '[-]ddd mm ss.s' where ddd is the degrees, mm is the
minute, ss.s is seconds and - denotes either west or south, or these can be written
as the degrees in decimal (i.e. '[-]ddd.ddddd').

[Alarms]
COMMENT: name of wave file to play when lighting within 10km
proximity = lightning alarm.wav

COMMENT: name of wave file to play when an excess of lighting strikes occur.
excessStrikes = thunderstorm.wav

COMMMENT: number of lightning strikes that need to occur for the excess strikes
alarm to play.
excessStrikeCount = 5

[Image]

41
COMMENT: location where the screenshot will be saved (.jpg will always be added,
do not include this).
FileName = C:\\lightning

DESCRIPTION:
FileName: the name & location of where the screenshot image will be saved every
10 seconds. '.jpg' will be added automatically to the FileName (even if it's already
there).

Note If this field doesn't exist the screenshot image will be saved
to 'c:\lightning.jpg'.

[Connect]
COMMENT: set Mode to either database, serial or tcp
Mode = database

DESCRIPTION:
Mode: Determines how data is to be read. Valid values are database, tcp, tcpip, com
and serial (these values are case insensitive). When this field doesn't exist or is an
invalid value it will default to database.

[Serial]
Port = 2
Baud = 9600
wordlength = 8
stopbits = 1
parity = NONE

DESCRIPTION:
Port: The serial port to read data from.
Baud: The baud rate of the data from the serial port.
Wordlength: the word length (or data bits) of the data fro the serial port (usually 8).
stopbits: the stop bits of the data from the serial port (usually 1).
parity: the parity of the data from the serial port, valid values are none, odd, even,
space & mark (not case sensitive, usually none).

Note Check that Mode under Connect is set to serial or com

[TCP]
IPAddress = 127.0.0.1
Port = 4001

DESCRIPTION:
The IP address to read data from.
Port: The port to read data from.

Note Check that Mode under Connect is set to tcp or tcpip.

42
[RawDataLog]
COMMENT: the path and file name for the raw data log.
COMMENT: the date and .csv will be appended to this file.
COMMENT: (eg. if FileNamePrefix is 'data' the file name will be data2011-02-16.csv
on 16/02/2011)
FileNamePrefix = LightningExplorerData
Enabled = 1

DESCRIPTION:
FileNamePrefix: the name and location of the raw data file, the date and '.csv' will be
appended to this name. (eg. if FileNamePrefix is 'data' the file name will be
data2011-02-16.csv on 16/02/2011).

Enabled: Set to true or false (or 1 or 0). Enables or disables raw data logging.

Note If Mode under Connect is set to database there will be no

raw data log, and nothing in this section will be relevant.

Note If field doesn't exist then raw data logging is enabled

[Logging]
COMMENT: enable/disable the error log
Enabled = 1

DESCRIPTION:
Enabled: set to true or false (or 1 or 0). Enables or disables logging.

Note If field doesn't exist then logging is disabled.

[Units]
COMMENT: do not change this. This is changed from the units selection box in the
application.

unitType=0

43
Software Interface Description

Map Display

Double Click Zooms In and out to 1/2 the scale of the current map. A second double
click will zoom back out.

Single Will give a tooltip with the distance of the click from the center of map.
Cloud to Ground will appear as a dot.

Cloud to Cloud or Intra-Cloud Lightning appears as a plus sign.

An optional graticule or target style display is presented to allow the user to gauge
the distance that a strike or storm cell is currently positioned at. The graticule can be
turned off and changed color. The graticule range changes automatically in relation
to the level of zoom chosen. The graticule is always presented in kilometers.

44
Distances Box

List of the total numbers of strikes for a given distance in the last 6 minutes. The unit
of measure is automatically updated when the distance units are changed (km/nmi).

Can be configured to change the ranges when the level of zoom increased or
decreased. By default the max distance is 80 for both levels of zoom.

45
Graticule Selection Checkbox

Allows the user to turn the Graticule on and Off.

Right Clicking the word "Graticule" will allow the user to change the color of the
graticule.

46
Database / TCP / Serial LED Indicator

When the chosen link type is active the LED indicator will display with the color
Green.

When there is a issue with the connection the LED indicator will be the color Red.
Clicking the LED or text will disconnect / reconnect the connection.

47
Zoom Buttons

"Zoom +" will zoom the map in.

"Zoom -" will zoom the map out.

48
Strike Aging

This section displays the strike aging for the past six (6) minutes. Total strikes in
each of the six minutes are placed next to the minute number.

Double clicking the strike total box will allow the change of the color of the age of
strike. This will also change the representation of the strikes and their age on the
main map display.

49
Test Audio / Acknowledge Button

When it says “test audio” this button will trigger a test sound to play allowing the
testing of the audio alarm function.

When it says “acknowledge” it will turn off the current audio alarm playing.

50
Strike Co-Ordinates Box

The three boxes show the location of the mouse cursor on the map.

When it is in km / Cartesian mode it will show the distance of the cursor in its x/y
position and also its radial position.

When it is in km / Polar mode it will show the radial distance of the cursor and its
direction from true north.

When it is in nmi / Cartesian mode it will show the distance of the cursor in its x/y
position and also its radial position.

When it is in nmi / Polar mode it will show the radial distance of the cursor and its
direction from true north.

Lat/Long Mode will show the latitude and longitude of the cursor position in relation
to the map.

51
Strike Data Box

In database mode the user to page through the current lightning strike data. This will
display the date, time, range, direction, type & total strikes at the time of the strike.

When in serial or tcp communications mode this allows you to page through the data
including the date, time, range, direction, type, Total strikes at the time of the strike.

There will also be a button with the text "View Raw Data" on it. This will allow the
user to view the raw data from the sensor.

52
Software Removal
This can be performed through Add/Remove Programs in the Windows control panel
or through the “Uninstall” icon in the Start Menu section for the application.

53
4500-LSS- Installation Handbook

54
Unloading and Unpacking

The 4500-LSSis shipped in a single wooden container that contains the solar
radiation shield, the measurement unit, installation kit, accessories, calibration
certificate and documentation.

Note If possible store the original packaging to allow the safe

future shipment or storage of the device.

When opening the packaging crate the box should be placed on a clear level surface
with the side indicated as “top” facing upwards.

Warning The side of the packing crate should not be penetrated with
tools.

Warning Materials handling equipment should be used by properly

trained personel.

Warning Do not drop the measurement unit. Exercise caution when

removing the device form packaging.

Caution Avoid touching the protective paper surrounding the

instrument window at the top of the measurement unit.

Note Retain all protective covers, foam inserts, protective caps,

covers and place holders for future use.

Note If obvious mishandling has occurred then immediately

contact MTECH Systems Pty Ltd.

55
RS232 / RS422 Configuration
The units are shipped in RS-232 data port (COM1) configuration as standard. They
can be changed to RS422 as per the following instruction.

Warning If the device has been energized prior to this activity the
power cable to the sensor should be removed and the
residual power allowed to dissipate for a period of not less
than 5 minutes.

Caution The corner M8 cap-screws must not be loosened. These are

integral to the structure and alignment of the device and may
result in damage to the instrument if these are loosened or
removed. The M8 Cap-screws have been market on the
diagram below in red circles.

56
Installation of the 4500-LSS Sensor consists of unpacking, checking contents
assembly, mounting, wiring, startup, and calculating the angle of rotation.

The following steps indicate the order in which a 4500-LSS Sensor and its
associated options and hardware should be installed.

Paragraph Activity
5.1 Site Selection
5.2 Design the concrete foundation
5.3 Unpack equipment and build concrete foundation
5.4 Install the mounting pole
5.5 Attach the Sensor.
5.6 Connect power supply, signal and earth wiring
5.7 Start the Sensor and verify operation
5.8 Calculate and enter the Sensor’s angle of rotation.

Siting and Installation Guidelines

The design of the 4500-LSS allows for easy installation.

However, Sensor performance is strongly dependent on proper siting and

installation.

Distance from Obstructions –

As 4500-LSS Sensor is an electromagnetic-optical sensor, it requires good exposure

to the atmosphere.

Mounting Surface the

Select a site outdoors where it is convenient to pour a stable concrete foundation, for
its 2 meter high mast

Distance from Interference Sources

Install the Sensor away from outdoor lighting fixtures.

Lightning Prone Sites.

Avoid siting the 4500-LSS on mountain peaks, tall buildings, towers, or sloping
ground

Sensor Height, Rigidity, Verticality, and Orientation –

Use of a concrete base ensures vibration free mounting. The 2 metre pole height
makes periodic maintenance easier and reduces the risk of direct lightning discharge
to the Sensor.
Entering the North Offset is an essential part of calibration.

57
Ideal Site
The following shows an ideal site. 2 degrees above ground level the site is clear for
300 metres.

Foundation

Prior to beginning the 4500-LSS installation, the site should be selected according to
the Siting Guidelines described as per above section.

58
Foundation Design [Site Dependent]
The foundation design needs to be done with the knowledge of the site soil
conditions. This determines the volume of concrete required. A soil report might be
required according to the local regulations and building codes and practices for the
project
A typical foundation is shown below.

600.0 mm
246

246

600.0 mm
152.4 mm PCD

Conduit Entry [ Entries] M16x500mm FOUNDATION BOLTS

Displaced 200mm from centre. 4 QTY on 152.4 mm PCD

Foundation Layout, Typical

A single conduit or one each for power and data may be used..

Installation Materials Required

Concrete according to the foundation design.
Cables according to the site layout and location of services and the communications
link equipment.

59
Preparation for Civil Works

Unpack the 4500-LSS:

1. The electronics enclosure. Also packed with this is the User's Guide,
Configuration List, sensor head U-bolt mounting hardware, mounting bracket,
and electronics enclosure mounting hardware.
2. Sensor head with integral cables.
3. Mounting Pole, Earth Stake, and Foundation Bolts.

Civil Works
According to the civil and electrical cable design excavate the site, mount re-
inforcement and the foundation bolt cage and place the concrete foundations
according to site and country specific civil works codes. Ensure at least 50 mm of
foundation bolt projects above the surface of the concrete.

60
Prepare the Site
Following applicable electrical and building codes, install a concrete mounting base,
Pole, power cable, RS-232 signal cable, and ground rod.

Dig foundation Hole, cut and fit formwork according to the foundation design

Fig Foundation Hole and Formwork

Place Foundation Bolt cage and conduit assemblies [ with draw wire] in foundation
hole and ensure they are held in place securely prior to concrete placement. Place
concrete, ensure a sufficient length of foundation bolt is exposed. [50mm] tape the
bolts with insulating tape to prevent cement embedding in the threads

Fig Foundation Bolt Cage, with temporary MDF spacer plate

61
Mount Pole
After the concrete has been placed mount the pole on the foundation bolts. Use a 2
nuts and 2 washers then plumb the pole by adjustment of the lower nuts.

Fig Pole Base bolted to Foundation [ Coaxial conduit entry ]

Install the Mounting Pole

• Remove the insulating tape and using a wire brush remove all concrete
residue from the mounting bolts.
• Apply grease to the bolts
• Fit an M16 nut to each bolt and run the nuts
nuts down to close to level with the
concrete.
• Fit a washer over each nut.
• Fit the pole over the bolts and using a level, adjust the nuts until the pole is
close to vertical.
• Fit 4 washers and 4 nuts and tighten down the nuts, with a final check to
establish that the pole has remained vertical.
• Adjust if necessary.
• Grout the base if required.

62
Attach the Sensor.

Survey a north point relative to the pole position, to enable the sensor to be aligned
with north.
Feed the connector cable up the pole and into the sensor housing. Plug the
connector into the antenna module. Mount the sensor housing on the pole top.
Align the direction arrow on the sensor housing with the north

Connect Signal wiring

Best practice installations utilize terminal boxes to terminate long distance cables to
the sensor cable.
The communications terminal box should be fitted with a labeled 10 pair Krone
module.
The terminal box is mounted on the sensor pole near the base.
The connector for the data is a mil Spec plug with female connections.
The short sensor connecting cable should be run in flexible or rigid conduit to the
junction box and terminated on the krone module.

Where the data connection is greater than 20-30 ft RS422 should be chosen.
The same connector is used for both options.

63
RS232 Option

4500-LSS RS232 SIGNAL

TERMINAL
1 Txd from 4500-
LSS
2 Txd return [ GND]
3 Rxd into 4500-LSS
4 Rxd Return [ GND]

Warning Turn off electrical power at the source before making the
electrical connections to the 4500-LSS!

RS422 Option

4500-LSS RS422 SIGNAL

TERMINAL
1 Txd+ from 4500-LSS
2 Txd- from 4500-LSS
3 Rxd + into 4500-LSS
4 Rxd - into 4500-LSS
Screen

Note RS422 can be used for data transmission up to 1500

metres.

Warning Turn off electrical power at the source before making the
electrical connections to the 4500-LSS!

64
Connect Power Wiring

AC SUPPLY
Before proceeding, verify that the 4500-LSS you are installing is configured for the
same voltage available at the site.
The unit operates at both 110 and 240VAC 50/60hz

AC connections are marked Active Neutral and Earth

DC Supply
Before proceeding, verify that the 4500-LSS you are installing is configured for the
same voltage available at the site.
DC wiring connections in a junction box should be to a terminal strip or with wire
nuts. The DC line should not be grounded at the junction box.
Connection to the sensor is via the same connector as the data connector. This
gives scope for the sensor DC power and data to be supplied through the same
cable, provided the cable is of adequate CSA.

4500-LSS RS422 SIGNAL Color

TERMINAL
5 +12VDC Red
6 COMMON White
7 Cable screen

Warning Turn off electrical power at the source before making the
electrical connections to the 4500-LSS!

65
Connect Earth Wiring

Drive the ground stake supplied with the sensor within 2 metres of the sensor base.
Connect the earth stud on the electronics housing to the ground stake using a
minimum of 4 sqrmm copper earth conductor.

Calculate the Sensor’s angle of rotation

Once the Sensor is installed, you must calculate its orientation relative to true north
(angle of rotation). The Sensor reports the range and direction to detected lightning
relative to the Sensor’s location, with
The direction based on the north axis. Therefore, the Sensor software needs the
correct angle of rotation to place lightning in the proper compass octants.

Calculating the Sensor’s Angle of Rotation

You will need a magnetic compass to perform this procedure.

To calculate the Sensor’s angle of rotation:

1. Determine the magnetic declination in decimal degrees for the Sensor site.
2. Measure the orientation of the Sensor with a compass.
a. Face the side of the Sensor so that the Sensor door is to your left, and stand at
least 10 feet (3 m) from the Sensor.
b. Sight the compass along the Sensor door (left edge of the Sensor).
c. Note the compass reading in degrees.
3. Add the compass reading (C) and magnetic declination (D) to calculate the angle
of rotation (R). Be careful when adding a negative magnetic declination.

C+D=R

66
Align sensor

Loosen the set screw in the side of

the pole top mount.

Set screw location

Rotate the ground plane assembly until the NORTH arrow points to True North as
calculated

Tighten set screw

67
Commissioning

Check Power Wiring and Fusing

Check all electrical and communication connections at the Sensor.

Apply power to the 4500-LSS by operating the breaker in the junction box...

Start the Sensor and verify operation

A. At the site, using a laptop, connect to the communications channel using hyper
terminal, first via a serial port set to the following:

Parameter Setting
Baud Rate 9600
Databits 8
Stop Bits 1
Parity None

Local Serial Comms Operation

Enter OPEN on the keyboard [ followed by the Enter Key]

Enter G or VER on the keyboard [ followed by the Enter Key]

The 4500-LSS response should be:

4500-LSS VXY.Z OK

If this is the case SERIAL communication with the 4500-LSS has been established

Enter the Sensor’s angle of rotation

At the host computer or data terminal, enter the angle of rotation calculated at 5.2.10
(rounded to the nearest whole number) using the L command.

Check Network Connectivity [ Networked unit]

A. Connect the laptop Network port to the SPSI RJ45 port using a yellow [crossover]
cable.

B. Set up the correct IP address and Port as per the system documentation.

C Enter G or VER on the keyboard [followed by the Enter Key]

68
The 4500-LSS response should be:

4500-LSS VXY.Z OK

If this is the case NETWORK communication with the 4500-LSS has been
established.

Closing the Sensor

1. If you have not already done so, place a fresh bag of desiccant in the desiccant
holder on the Electronics Module
3. Shut the enclosure doors.

Check Network Connectivity at the server

Repeat 6.4 A-C above at the server to demonstrate network connectivity at the
server.

This completes commissioning. If the equipment does not work refer to Section 8
Corrective Maintenance.

69
4500-LSS- Maintenance Handbook

70
Preventative Maintenance

Periodic maintenance is limited to checking that instrument is clean and dry and
there is no insect ingress

Preventative Maintenance Plan and Schedule

Daily: This is automatically checked by MITAS software if used.
Yearly: There are a number of checks detailed below.

Preventative Maintenance Procedures

Regular site inspection is recommended

Inspect physical condition of Site

Inspect the area surrounding the Sensor installation and verify that the site has not
changed since installation. Major changes at the site should be noted and reported
to the person in charge of sensor operation. The following list includes many types of
site changes to monitor.
Since sensor sites vary, some items may not apply.

• Antenna installation or modification

• Fence installation or modification
• Overhead wire installation or modification
• Electrical apparatus installation or modification
• Buried cable or pipe installation or modification
• Soil erosion
• Cracking or movement of concrete mounting pad
• Evidence of tampering with or damage to Sensor
• Encroaching plant life
• Insect and/or bird infestation

Inspect Sensor mount Sensor Mount

Inspect the four hex nuts that attach the mast to the mounting pad or frame. Use a
wrench to verify that these nuts are tight. If they are not, level the Sensor if
necessary and tighten the nuts to 50 ft/lbs.
For frame mounts, ensure that the frame and ballast provide rigid support and are
placed correctly.

71
Inspect ground connections Grounding Inspection

Make sure that all ground wires and ground connections are short, direct, and
electrically continuous.
Inspect each of the following as they apply to your Sensor site:
- Ground wire between the Sensor ground lug and earth ground
- Ground wire between the ground lugs on the Sensor and AC power junction
box
- Ground wire between the ground lug on the AC power junction box and earth
ground
Grasp each ground wire near the ground lug and pull slowly and firmly to verify that it
is well attached. Repeat at each earth ground connection. If any connection is loose,
tighten it using the appropriate tools.
Make sure that all grounding hardware and ground connections are free of corrosion.
Replace grounding hardware that shows any signs of corrosion.

Junction Box Inspections

Inspect the junction boxes at Sensors that use them. Verify that the box covers are
tightly in place and that no damage to the cables is visible where the cables exit the
junction boxes.

If there has been a recent power outage or power surge, you may need to check the
breaker and surge arrestor inside the AC power junction box.

Conduit and Cable Inspections

Inspect external conduits and cables running between the junction boxes and the
Sensor enclosure. Verify that the connectors on the junction boxes and Sensor
enclosure are attached tightly. Verify that cables are free from kinks, sharp bends,
cuts, or abrasions.

Inspect external runs of the long power and communications cables running to the
Sensor. Verify that cables are free from kinks, sharp bends, cuts, or abrasions. Verify
that the connectors on the cables are attached tightly.

Sensor Enclosure Inspection

Inspect the keylocks on the Sensor enclosure inner and outer doors.
Verify that each is securely in place on the edge of the door. Inspect all enclosure-to-
mast mounting hardware for corrosion and weakened fasteners. Tighten any loose
screws in the mounting hardware.

72
Instrument Storage
In the Installation section of the handbook, it is suggested that the user retain the
original custom packaging.

The unit should be stored in its original packaging, labelled and with paper over the
window to prevent dust accumulation.

Note If possible store the original packaging to allow the safe

future shipment or storage of the device.

73
 Cabinet Wiring Diagram 110V AC version

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

3 GREEN / WHITE
5 BLUE / WHITE
D D

4 ORANGE
3 VIOLET
REAR of CRADLE FOR WX-500

1 GREEN

4 BLUE
J2

6
5

6
5
4
3
2
1

1
2

6
7
8
13
25
12 X2
24

GND
TXD
RXD
J3 11 X4 X8 R J45
13 23 USER GPS
25 10
12 22
24 9 4500-LSS CONTROLLER PCB
11 21
23 8
10 20
22 7
9 19 POWER
21 6 X1
ORANGE 8 18
VIOLET 20 5
7 17 BROWN

1
2
3
4
5
6
19 4 GREEN
6 16 RED
C 18 3 ORANGE BLACK C
5 15 YELLOW RED
17 2 BLACK
4 14 BLUE
16 1 DRAIN / SCREEN
GREEN 3
15
2 DB2 5 Female
14
1
GREEN
DB2 5 Female J1 CAB5 CABLE 500mm
5 BLACK
9
4
8 GREEN / YELLOW
3
7
2 BLACK

GREEN / WHITE
6 D1 + + - -

BLUE / WHITE
1 RED
BROWN 300mm Ftted with Earth Lug
DB9 F emale
1N40 04
ANG

BLUE
B MAINS A B
CB6
ON

RXD
GND
TXD
TRACO PSU A N G
SURGE

A 1 1 DRAIN / SCREEN OFF

B 2 2 RED SUPP.
C 3 3 ORANGE A
D 4 4 BROWN
E 5 5
F 6 6 YELLOW
G 7 7 GREEN ANG BROWN
H 8 8 BLUE
J 9 9 BLACK A N G
K10 10
MS3 112 B/H F/M

A A

Title 4500-LSS Cabinet Wiring MTECH SYSTEMS P/L

Size: A3 Number: MA6358 Revision: 1 15 Kevlar Close
Braeside
Created: 7th June 2010 Sheet 1 of 1
File: Cabinet Wining.Sch DRAWN BY :
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

74
 Cabinet Wiring Diagram 240V AC version

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

3 GREEN / WHITE
5 BLUE / WHITE
D D

4 ORANGE
3 VIOLET
REAR of CRADLE FOR WX-500

1 GREEN

4 BLUE
J2

6
5

6
5
4
3
2
1

1
2

6
7
8
13
25
12 X2
24

GND
TXD
RXD
J3 11 X4 X8 R J45
13 23 USER GPS
25 10
12 22
24 9 4500-LSS CONTROLLER PCB
11 21
23 8
10 20
22 7
9 19 POWER
21 6 X1
ORANGE 8 18
VIOLET 20 5
7 17 BROWN

1
2
3
4
5
6
19 4 GREEN
6 16 RED
C 18 3 ORANGE BLACK C
5 15 YELLOW RED
17 2 BLACK
4 14 BLUE
16 1 DRAIN / SCREEN
GREEN 3
15
2 DB2 5 Female
14
1
GREEN
DB2 5 Female J1 CAB5 CABLE 500mm
5 BLACK
9
4
8 GREEN / YELLOW
3
7
2 BLACK

GREEN / WHITE
6 D1 + + - -

BLUE / WHITE
1 RED
BROWN 300mm Ftted with Earth Lug
DB9 F emale
1N40 04
ANG

BLUE
B MAINS A B
CB6
ON

RXD
GND
TXD
TRACO PSU A N G
SURGE

A 1 1 DRAIN / SCREEN OFF

B 2 2 RED SUPP.
C 3 3 ORANGE A
D 4 4 BROWN
E 5 5
F 6 6 YELLOW
G 7 7 GREEN ANG BROWN
H 8 8 BLUE
J 9 9 BLACK A N G
K10 10
MS3 112 B/H F/M

A A

Title 4500-LSS Cabinet Wiring MTECH SYSTEMS P/L

Size: A3 Number: MA6358 Revision: 1 15 Kevlar Close
Braeside
Created: 7th June 2010 Sheet 1 of 1
File: Cabinet Wining.Sch DRAWN BY :
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

75
Document Ends

76