Andinos Wind Farm – 130,5 MW

Statement of Work
Roads and Platforms

ARADN-BCV-RPL-SOW2630

10-04-2018
ARADN-BCV-RPL-SOW2630 Statement of Work Roads and Platforms
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Table of contents

1. Acronyms / definition of terms 4

2. Reference documents 4

3. Scope 4

4. Standards and Codes 4

5. Geographical Location 4

6. General description of the project 6

6.1. Preliminary soil investigation 11

7. Basis for the geometric design of Roads 12

7.1. Driving surface and width 13
7.2. Design speed 13
7.3. Selection of design vehicle 13
7.4. Horizontal curves 14
7.5. Vertical curves and inclination of roads 16
7.6. Turning points and passing sections 16
7.7. Crossfall of roads 18
7.8. Cross section roads 18
7.9. Crane platforms and auxiliary platforms / storage platforms 19

8. General process of construction 20

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Index of figures and tables:

Figure 1: Location of the windfarm .............................................................................................................. 5
Figure 2: Location of the windfarm .............................................................................................................. 5
Figure 3: Property entrance gate at “Ruta Nacional N° 237” ...................................................................... 6
Figure 4: Landscape in the Windfarm ......................................................................................................... 7
Figure 5: Vegetation in the Windfarm.......................................................................................................... 8
Figure 6: Environmental Report, Section 5.1.1.4 ........................................................................................ 8
Figure 7: Layout of the windfarm “Andinos” (50 MW) ................................................................................. 9
Figure 8: Soil study. Works on site ............................................................................................................ 12
Figure 9: Dimension Of Rotor Blades ....................................................................................................... 14
Figure 10: Example of road curve ............................................................................................................... 15
Figure 11: Longitudinal Radius ................................................................................................................... 16
Figure 12: Example for passing section ...................................................................................................... 17
Figure 13: Example for turning point (hatched areas show necessary clearance free of obstacles) ......... 17
Figure 14: Road Width and Crossfalls ........................................................................................................ 18
Figure 15: Roads Cross Sections ............................................................................................................... 19
Figure 16: Layout Crane Platform ............................................................................................................... 20
Figure 17: Cross Section Of Crane Platform............................................................................................... 20

Table 1: Coordinates of the wind turbines ................................................................................................... 10

Table 2: Items Estimation of the Project ...................................................................................................... 11
Table 3: Location of the drillings/test pits .................................................................................................... 11
Table 4: Relevant dimensions for curves .................................................................................................... 16
Table 5: Dimensions for passing sections ................................................................................................... 17
Table 6: Dimensions for Turning Point ........................................................................................................ 18

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1. Acronyms / definition of terms

In this document, terms and definitions are defined as follows:

SPT Standard Penetration Test

WTG Wind Turbine Generator

2. Reference documents

 Nordex Specification E0004109636 „Transport, access roads and crane requirements “ Revision 02 /
2017-08-31
 ARADN-BCV-RPL-DWG2300 Wind Farm Layout including Topography
 ARADN-BCO-GEL-STD2614 Topographic survey (issued 2017)
 “Estudio del impacto ambiental” (Issued January 2010)

 “Estudios Preliminares De Geotecnia Y Geoelectrica Para Los Parques Eolicos Luengos Y Andinos
(Pcia. Del Neuquen)” (issued Sep. 2017)

3. Scope

This document has the purpose to define the requirements of the roads and platforms for the wind farm “An-
dinos”, province Neuquén, Argentina.

4. Standards and Codes

This is a Project that will be executed in the Argentine Republic and the following regulations will be taken into
account as a reference:

 Norms IRAM
 “Pliego General de Condiciones y Especificaciones Técnicas más Usales” (Edición 1998) de la Direc-
ción Nacional de Vialidad
 AASHTO. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. Washington DC, American Asso-
ciation of Highways and Transportation Officials, 2004, 896 p.
 CIRSOC regulations.

5. Geographical Location

Andinos wind farm is going to be designed in a property called “El Mangrullo” located 7 Km away from Villa El
Chocón, Departments of Confluencia and Picun Leufu, Province of Neuquén. The access to selected place is

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by exiting the National Route 237 entering a rough dirt road, 4820 m long. The exact coordinates of the access
road entrance from Ruta N°3 are: Latitude: 39°15'33.2"S and Longitude: 68°51'09.1"W.

Figure 1: Location of the windfarm

Figure 2: Location of the windfarm

The windfarm is located inside a archaeological-touristic area called “Estepa de los Dinosaurios”. For a geo-
logical decription of site, see Section 3 of Geotechncal Report.

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6. General description of the project

“Andinos” is a windfarm with 130,50 MW of installed power. The wind farm occupies 2049 Ha area at an
average altitude of 630 meters above mean sea level.

There are 31 turbines, each with 4,5 MW. The turbines are manufactured by Nordex with a rotor diameter of
149 m and a hub height of 125 m.

The feed-in point is the high voltage overhead line connect to a new transmission line, that runs across the
site from NW to SE. There will be a substation to collect electricity from all turbines and lead it bundled to the
public grid.

Figure 3: Property entrance gate at “Ruta Nacional N° 237”

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Figure 4: Landscape in the Windfarm

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Figure 5: Vegetation in the Windfarm

Soils in the area belong to a fluvial-wind deposition plain, with a smooth slope to the ESE and is formed, on
the surface, by loose material corresponding to a mixture of fine to very coarse sands, with small-sized gravel.
Moisture of topsoil is minimum, almost completely dry, and vegetation coverage is a typical desert one, short
and scattered (Soil Survey, Sec. 3).
The climate of the province of Neuquén is determined by the combined effects of the Atlantic and Pacific
anticyclones, and the Andes acting as a barrier, also the higher temperature due to insolation of the eastern
lowlands and the associated low pressures must be considered.
Frosts are also very frequent and reach extreme values in the wintertime from April through September, with
a mean value of 52 days a year.
After the analysis of the amount of precipitated water, it has been concluded that it has a greater occurrence
in the months of March / June, with an average annual value of 244 mm, according to Environmental Report,
Section 5.1.1.4.

Figure 6: Environmental Report, Section 5.1.1.4

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The prevailing winds are from the West, almost all over the year, with a annual mean wind speed of 12,8 Km/h.
Also is important to note that a annual mean value of 81,3 windy days with a speed over 43 Km/h.

Figure 7: Layout of the windfarm “Andinos” (130,5 MW)

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Table 1: Coordinates of the wind turbines

Project Item estimation - ROADS

Item Measures Unit Quantity Total area

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Access (4820) x 4.5 m² - 21825.00

Internal roads (width at finished (3 x 5500 +
m² - 85500.00
grade) 2500) x 4.50
Turnouts (width at finished grade);
90.0 x 5.0 m² 31 13950.00
Fig 17 Nordex Secification
20 x 25
Site Office; Fig. 19 Nordex Specifi-
+18x15 + m² 1 1970.0
cation
20x60
Assistance to the assembly crane
74x37 +
area+ towers storage area+ Blades
20x116 m² 31 156798.00
storage area; Fig 21 Nordex Speci-
fication

TOTAL 280043.00

Table 2: Items Estimation of the Project

6.1. Preliminary soil investigation

ABO WIND has a Soil Survey led by Geologist Juan Malecki en July 2017.
In addition to transcript written down above, we can summarize the soil properties as follows (Sec. 11 of Soil
Survey):
Geotechnically, soil found in the investigation is mainly sandstone with a minimum content of interspersed
siltstones and claystones, these are sedimentary rocks from the Upper Cretaceous and in this area horizon-
tally laid.
In the area of interest these rocks generally lie beneath a thin layer of fine sandy soil, not thicker than one
meter, according to the study.
These rocky soils have different degrees of alteration and fracturing, a normal circumstance since the upper
part of the rock is the one affected by weathering. Anyway they have very good bearing behaviour when
loaded.
Finally, excavations may be used in landfills and may have to be considered as subgrade and platform mate-
rials, provided that some studies for that shall have to be done.

Table 3: Location of the drillings/test pits

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Figure 8: Soil study. Works on site

Summary of soil properties are shown below.

 Granular Soils
a. Class: SM (sandy loam)
b. Thickness< 1 m
c. Density Modified Proctor Test (average): 18.79 KN/m3
d. Site density, sand-cone method: 15.26 KN/m3
 Rocky soils
a. Class: sandstones and claystones
b. Compressive Strength (average): 4,9 MPa
c. Unit Weight: 18,20-20,20 KN/m3
d. Water Absorption (average): 5,6 %
e. Rock Mass Rating (RMR): 50
f. Allowable Tensile Stress: 0,30 MPa

To confirm this information from the preliminary soil study and give more detailed information further field and
laboratory test are necessary and have to be contracted

7. Basis for the geometric design of Roads

The design of roads for the “Windfarm Andinos” includes the access road from the Ruta Nacional N°237 and
all roads inside the Windfarm to the 31 turbines in order to allow construction, erection, operation and in-
spection of the facility.
All roads to be constructed should match the existing landscape harmonically and affecting the environment
in the least possible way. Therefore, the following items have to be taken in consideration:

 Preliminary characteristic of topography

 Preliminary characteristic of geography
 Preliminary characteristic of hydrology
 Location of the turbines
 Restrains on site

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The roads have to be designed and constructed according to Nordex Specification (Sec. 3) and the DNV (Di-
rección Nacional de Vialidad) standards. They have to allow all vehicles to safely reach destination inside the
windfarm. In the construction phase, large-size and heavyweight traffic in high frequency of occurrence has
to be considered. After construction phase all roads have to be maintained to allow operation phase (traffic
for maintenance, repairing or replacing components).
Any section of roads or other parts of the infrastructure that do not fulfil the above-mentioned requirements
may lead to accidents, low efficiency and early malfunction and can cause delay in construction sequence
and higher costs.

7.1. Driving surface and width

All roads have to be constructed with a stable width of at least 4,5 m on straight sections. Width in curves may
have to be widened. This is necessary for the transport of the assembled crane (narrow track) between tur-
bines. Required clearance width on public roads, from site entrance shall be 6 m. On the access roads to the
construction site a clearance height of 5 m to 6 m and a clearance width of at least 6 m must be ensured. The
surface of the roads has to be well compacted and executed with a good road grip in all weather conditions.
A good working and efficient dewatering concept is required. Drainage, verge, ditches for dewatering have to
be constructed additionally to the stable width of at least 6,5 m. The edge of the stable surface has to be clearly
marked along the whole road system.

7.2. Design speed

For all transports and travelling inside the windfarm a maximum speed of 40 km/h as design velocity is con-
sidered to be adequate and safe.

7.3. Selection of design vehicle

There are two different vehicles that have to be considered for the design of roads and platforms.

For the geometrical design of roads (radius of curves, etc.) the design vehicle is a truck a maximum length of
approx. 85 m for rotor blade transport and 49 m for tower transport.
For the structural design of roads (thickness of layers, etc.) the design vehicle has these following properties:
 Max. load per axle approx. 12 t (for roads exclusively for component transport)
 Max. load per axle approx. 16 t (for roads that are used for relocating cranes between two WT sites)
 Max. overall weight: approx. 180 t

Take the dimensions of the blade trailer from following drawings:

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Figure 9: Dimension Of Rotor Blades

7.4. Horizontal curves

The radius for horizontal curves is mostly given by requirements of the blade trailer. Values shown in Section
3.3.1 of Nordex Specification apply.

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Figure 10: Example of road curve

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Table 4: Relevant dimensions for curves

7.5. Vertical curves and inclination of roads

The longitudinal radius must be minimum 400 m, see drawings below and Sec. 3.2.2 of Nordex Specification

Figure 11: Longitudinal Radius

According to Sec. 3.2.1 of Nordex Specification, slopes of approx. 10 % (with unbound wearing course) or 12
% (bonded wearing course/asphalt) should not be exceeded under ideal road and weather conditions.
The lateral downhill slope must not be greater than 2 %.

7.6. Turning points and passing sections

According to 3.3.4 of Nordex Specification, to ensure an efficient traffic flow with minimized interference
passing sections shall be provided in intevals of 500 m in addition to the existing main access road, allowing
oncoming vehicles to give way. This applies to all vehicles.
.

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Figure 12: Example for passing section

L 90 m
B 4.50 m
Bp 5.00 m

Table 5: Dimensions for passing sections

Funnel lanes shall enable the vehicles to turn and to leave the construction site forward. The lanes shall be
located at strategic crossroads to avoid reversing over a distance of more than 500 m as these movements
are very time-consuming and may affect the traffic on the construction site or the erection process. In addi-
tion, certain components must be transported to the respective site with forward or backward transport direc-
tion, depending on the used crane or assembly method.
See Figure below.

Figure 13: Example for turning point (hatched areas show necessary clearance free of obstacles)

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Lenght of turning (G) 90 m

Table 6: Dimensions for Turning Point

7.7. Crossfall of roads

All roads should be constructed with a planned crossfall to ensure efficient dewatering of the roads. Crossfall
can be either designed in one direction or as straight crossfall (roof profile) in two directions.
In case of straight crossfall the inclination may not exceed the acceptable inclination for one sided crossfall in
width of the vehicle.
For both cases slope should not exceed 2%.

Figure 14: Road Width and Crossfalls

7.8. Cross section roads

For the design of the structural package of the roads it is necessary to detect the loads that will impact on the
roads. In the case of windfarm Andinos round about 16 t per axle are expected for transport of components
(worst case: Nacelle) and the crane will bear a pressure of 220 kN/m² to the ground when moving fully rigged
(narrow track crawler crane). In addition, the concrete transport must be considered, around 80 trucks in each
pouring concrete day, and other vehicles types and their effect during the design period.
The minimum requirements set in Sec. 3.3.1 of Nordex Specification must be met.

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Figure 15: Roads Cross Sections

Materials, layers, compaction and strength for road base and sub-base course as well as subgrade require-
ments shall meet the geotechnical report and Nordex Specifications. All these values shown above shall be
reviewed and specified on the Detailed Engineering phase.
Furthermore, it is recommended to perform load pressure tests on site on small test fields with different struc-
tures to detect the optimal and most efficient structure in accordance to the subgrade. It also is recommended
to make tests in terms of infiltration of water into the ground.

7.9. Crane platforms and auxiliary platforms / storage platforms

As for the structural package of the roads it is also necessary for the structural design of the crane platforms
to know the desgn loads. For the platforms in the windfarm Andinos a soil bearing pressure of 2.50 kg/cm² is
assumed for the area of cranes. The two stripes for storage of the rotor blades will reach up to 0,8 kg/cm². The
maximum slope of the platform is 1 % that should be executed in order to avoid water accumulation on the
platforms.

For crane erection the marked area for the crane jib has to be free of obstacles, levelled and flush to the road
aside. For assembly of the crane jib additional platforms for the auxiliary cranes are necessary. Figure 21 of
Nordex Specification applies.

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Figure 16: Layout Crane Platform

Figure 17: Cross Section Of Crane Platform

For assembly of the rotor a cleared area is required as shown in Figures 16 and 17 above. The assembly of
the rotor has to be done on the highest ground level in comparison to turbine foundation, construction area
and site road. It may be necessary to level the surrounding area. Diameter of the assembled rotor is 149 m.

Note: As already mentioned above further investigation of soil on site is necessary to calculate and determine
the exact structural package of the crane platforms in detailed engineering.

8. General process of construction

The process of construction of roads and platforms follows a certain sequence which is typically and always
repeating:

Step 1: Cleaning of construction area, e.g. forest clearance etc.

Step 2: Marking of relevant elements to be constructed by surveyor
Step 3: Removal of the top soil. Top soil has to be stored and treated separately from other excavated soil
according to Environmental Permits.
Step 4: Grading at subgrade elevation
Step 5: Rough grading. Sub-base and base course fill and compaction at optimum moisture content.
Step 6: Finished grading. Construction of top layer with slope
Step 7: Wearing course
Step 8: back-work, e.g. ditches, verges, slopes

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Sequence, time schedule, quality, etc. of the construction process have to be planned by an experienced site
manager and have to be controlled frequently to assure an optimum result for all parties.

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