audiology

Telinga
• Desease : - congenital
- acquisital

• Fungsional :
- Pendengaran Audiovestibuler
- Keseimbangan

• Kosmetik --- plastic surgery

AUDIOLOGI
(Pendengaran)
Bagaimana bisa mendengar ?
Syarat mendengar ?
GANGGUAN PENDENGARAN

• Hearing Loss (ketulian)

- jenis – CHL, SNHL, MHL
- derajat
• Tinnitus
• Recriutment
• dll
 Classification of Hearing Loss

•Conductive (CHL) – Outer and mid ear

•Sensorineural (SNHL) – inner ear

•Mixed (MHL) – outer, mid, innner ear

Conductive (CHL)

• Treatable
• Medicamentosa
• Surgery
Sensoryneural Hearing Loss
(SNHL)

• Untreatable
• Hearing aid
Bagaimana cara mengetahui
adanya hearing loss ???
• Anamnesa
• Pemeriksaan fisik THT
• Pemeriksaan tambahan
(fungsional)
- tes bisik
- Garpu tala
- Audiometri nada murni (pure tone)
- Audiometri tutur (speech audiometry)
- Tympanometri
- BERA
Diagnostic
 Tes bisik

• Mendengar/tidak
?
 Garpu tala
(Rinne – Weber – Schwabach)

- normal
- jenis ketlian :
- CHL
- SNHL
– Audiogram
• Puretones --?
– Air
– bone
• Speech-- ?
– Diagnostic imaging
• CT scan
• MRI
 Right Ear

125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 12,000

-10
0
10 <
dBHL (ANSI, 1969)

20 O <O <O
30 <O
40 <O O
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 12,000

-10
0 < <
10 < < <
dBHL (ANSI, 1969)

20 <
30
40
50 O O O
60 O O O
70
80
90
100
110
120
 HEARING LOSS
CHL : - Telinga luar
- Telinga tengah

SNHL : - Telinga dalam

MHL : - Telinga luar-temgah-

dalam
 COCHLEAR RETRO
COCHLEAR

DALAM

SNHL
LUAR
TENGAH
CHL CHL
 Conductive Hearing Loss
(CHL)

• External auditory canal

• Eardrum
• Middle ear
 CHL

LUAR
 External Auditory Canal
• Cerumen (wax)
impaction
– Tes penala .. ? R/W/S

• Stenosis (narrowing)
– Infection
– Surgery
– Skin disorders
– Congenital
CHL

TENGAH
 Tympanic Membrane
(Eardrum)

• Perforation (hole)
• Retraction
• Tympanosclerosis
(stiffness)

• Tes penala …? R/W/S

 Middle Ear
• Absence of ossicles
(middle ear bones)
• Stiffness of ossicles
– Otosclerosis
– Tympanosclerosis
• Dislocation of
ossicles (trauma)
• Cholesteatoma
• Tumors
 Sensorineural Hearing Loss
(SNHL)

• Sensory • Neural
– Noise – Trauma
• Noise-induced – Degeneration
hearing loss – Tumors
• Acoustic trauma
– Medications
– Infection
– Hereditary/Genetic

Tes penala ….?

 Treatment

• Hearing aids (SNHL)

• Medical treatment
(CHL)
• Surgery (CHL)
 Hearing Aids
• Behind the ear
• In the ear
• In the canal
• Completely in the
canal
 Hearing Aids (ctd.)
• Implantable
– Fully
– Partially
• Bone-conduction aids
– Traditional
– Baha
 Medical Treatment
(CHL)
• Disease-specific treatment
– Infections
– Autoimmune diseases

• Steroids
 Surgery
Treat underlying Improve hearing
(serious) cause
• Stapedectomy
• Cholesteatoma • Cochlear implant
• TM perforation • Fully implantable
• Acoustic hearing aids
neuroma
• Encephalocele
Cochlear Implants