Palabras clave
Interacciones medicamentosas, antirretrovirales, hepatitis C, boceprevir, telaprevir.
Abstract
Objective: Our objective was to establish and evaluate the clinical relevance of drug interactions in the
treatment of patients with hepatitis C genotype 1. Method: We searched for articles published in English and
Spanish from December 2004 to December 2014 in PubMed/MedLine. We used the following Medical Subject
Headings (MESH): Hepatitis C and drug interactions OR herb-drug interactions OR food-drug interactions
studies performed in humans. We conducted an additional complementary search for articles published in the
same period about interactions of anti-retroviral and hepatitis C in humans using the following MESH: (Anti-
retroviral agents AND Hepatitis C and drug interactions OR herb-drug interactions OR food -drug interactions).
The clinical relevance of drug interactions was defined and evaluated based on the probability of occurrence
and severity of interaction. Results: We identified 228 articles. Of these, it was possible to read the full text
of 212. Of these, 62 contributed interactions which allowed us to identify 128 pairs of drug interactions, of
which 120 (93.7%) were pharmacokinetic and 8 (6.3%) pharmacodynamic. Of these 128 pairs, two (1.6%)
were rated Level 1: 110 (53.7%) were Level 2, 16 (7.8%) were Level 3, and 0 (0%) were Level 4. In addition,
78 pairs were identified that were grouped as interactions with evidence of absence of clinical significance.
Conclusions: More than 90% of clinically relevant drug interactions are pharmacokinetic interactions asso-
ciated with hepatic metabolism. Telaprevir has the greatest number of interactions.
Keywords
Drug Interactions, Antiretrovirals, Hepatitis C, boceprevir, telaprevir.
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 121
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
Búsqueda:
Búsqueda:
PubMed/Medline (diciembre 2004 – diciembre 2014)
PubMed/Medline (diciembre 2004 – diciembre 2014)
Términos Mesh: Anti-retroviral agents AND Hepatitis C
Términos Mesh: Hepatitis C AND drug interactions OR
AND drug interactions OR herb-drug interactions OR
herb-drug interactions OR food-drug interactions
food-drug interactions.
Figura 1. Esquema general del estudio Revisión estructurada. Relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el tratamiento de pacientes
infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1
enzimática 35 (27,3%) y cambio en la biodisponibilidad 3 ITIAN, (abacavir, didanosina y estavudina) por la fosforila-
(2,4%); y 8 interacciones de mecanismo farmacodinámico. ción nuclear, asociado a un aumento en la toxicidad mito-
Por su parte, se identificaron 78 parejas de medicamentos condrial y, especialmente acidosis láctica fatal (63-71,86-
con evidencia de ausencia de interacciones clínicamente 89); 1 por sinergismo del efecto antiviral de la RIB con
relevantes, de las cuales 36 estuvieron relacionadas con tela- aciclovir (21); y 4 por sinergismo de los efectos adversos
previr, 30 con boceprevir, 9 con sofosbuvir, 1 con rivabirina y entre TLV, BOC, RIB e INF con la zidovudina, asociado
2 con interferón (Tabla 4). a un aumento en la probabilidad de aparición de anemia
En relación con las 8 parejas de interacciones farmaco- y complicaciones relacionadas con toxicidad hematológica
dinámicas: 3 se debieron a antagonismo entre la RIB y los (63-68, 70,71-73,75,86,88,89).
Medicamento relacionado con Detalle del mecanismo farmacocinético Relevancia clínica de la interacción Total
las 120 parejas de interacciones medicamentosa
farmacocinéticas Inducción Inhibición Cambios en Nivel 1, Nivel 2, Nivel 3, Nivel 4,
biodisponibilidad n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Telaprevir 18 45 0 2 (1,6) 56 (43,7) 5 (3,9) 0 (0,0) 63
Boceprevir 17 36 1 0 (0,0) 44 (34,4) 10 (7,8) 0 (0,0) 54
Ribavirina 0 1 2 0 (0,0) 3 (2,3) 0 (0,0) 0 (0,0) 3
TOTAL 35 82 3 2 (1,6) 103 (80,4) 15 (11,7) 0 (0,0) 120
Tabla 2. Interacciones medicamentosas por inducción enzimática relacionadas con medicamentos en el tratamiento de la hepatitis C
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 123
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
Tabla 2. Interacciones medicamentosas por inducción enzimática relacionadas con medicamentos en el tratamiento de la hepatitis C. Continuación
ABC: área bajo la curva; ARV: agente antiretroviral; BOC: boceprevir; IP: inhibidor de proteasa; IP: Inhibidores de proteasa sérica; ITINN:
inhibidores de transcriptasa inversa no nucleósidicos; TLV: telaprevir.
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 125
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
Tabla 3. Interacciones medicamentosas por inhibición relacionados con medicamentos en el tratamiento de la hepatitis C. Continuación
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 127
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
Tabla 3. Interacciones medicamentosas por inhibición relacionados con medicamentos en el tratamiento de la hepatitis C. Continuación
ABC: área bajo la curva; ARV: agente antiretroviral; BOC: boceprevir; IP: Inhibidores de proteasa sérica; ITINN: inhibidores de transcriptasa inversa
no nucleosídicos; RIB: ribavirina; TLV: telaprevir.
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 129
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
Tabla 4. Medicamentos sin evidencia de interacciones clínicamente relevantes. Continuación
ARV: agente antiretroviral; BOC: boceprevir; INF: interferón alfa pegilado; IV: Intravenoso; RIB: ribavirina; TLV: telaprevir.
Aproximación para establecer y evaluar la relevancia clínica de las interacciones medicamentosas en el trata- 131
miento de pacientes infectados con virus de hepatitis C genotipo 1 - Revisión estructurada
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