MN 2180 Hva1 - 2014 04 02

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
fo r
Model 2180
HVA1
H.264 Video & Audio Encoder/Decoder

WARRANTY
TO THE CUSTOMER
Thank you for purchasing this equipment from APOGEE LABS, Inc. Our intention is that the
equipment meets your requirements and exceeds your expectations and that you find our
documentation adequately describes its operation and use. We continue to strive for higher levels of
quality in our products, services and customer support and look forward to hearing from you if you
have any comments or questions regarding these areas. We sincerely believe that the customer comes
first.
WARRANTY
APOGEE LABS, Inc. warrants its products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a
period of 18 months from the date of shipment to the original purchaser. APOGEE LABS Inc.
obligation for any defect shall be limited to repair or replacement at our discretion of defective
equipment. APOGEE LABS, Inc. assumes no liability if defects result from improper use, repairs not
made by APOGEE LABS, Inc., negligence, accident, mishandling or misapplication of the equipment.
No other warranty is expressed or implied and APOGEE LABS, Inc assumes no liability for
consequential damages. Should a warranty repair be required, please contact APOGEE LABS, Inc. for
a Return Authorization Number.
EXTENDED WARRANTY
APOGEE LABS, Inc. offers an extended warranty plan to cover equipment beyond the normal 18
month warranty plan. Under the extended warranty, APOGEE LABS will repair or replace equipment
and/or components which have failed under normal use at its sole discretion. This extended warranty
does not cover repair or replacement of equipment or components that failed because of improper use,
repairs not made by APOGEE LABS, Inc., negligence, accident, misapplication of the equipment, or
mishandling. A one-year or multi-year Extended Warranty may be purchased. Please contact our sales
department for a price quotation.
AL4300 PRODUCT LINE MODEL 2180
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................. 1
2. SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 3
3. INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 MODULE INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................................ 4
4. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS ................................................................................................................ 5
4.1 MODE............................................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 FRAME RATE.................................................................................................................................................................. 6
4.3 ENCODE STANDARD (ENC STD) ................................................................................................................................ 6
4.4 DECODE STANDARD (DEC STD) ................................................................................................................................ 6
4.5 BIT RATE ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.6 ENCODE ID (ENC ID) ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.7 AUDIO.............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
4.8 DECODE ID (DEC ID) ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
5. HARDWARE JUMPERS ........................................................................................................................ 9
5.1 AUDIO INPUT TERMINATION (JP1)............................................................................................................................ 9
6. REAR PANEL I/O AND STATUS ....................................................................................................... 10
6.1 STATUS LEDS............................................................................................................................................................... 10
7. REMOTE CONTROL OVERVIEW ................................................................................................... 12
7.1 REMOTE CONTROL PROTOCOL............................................................................................................................... 12
7.2 MODE............................................................................................................................................................................. 12
7.3 FRAME RATE................................................................................................................................................................ 12
7.4 ENC STD ........................................................................................................................................................................ 12
7.5 DEC STD ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13
7.6 ENC ID ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.7 DEC ID ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.8 BIT RATE....................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.9 TOTAL BIT RATE ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.10 VIDEO STATUS ............................................................................................................................................................ 14
7.11 HELP .............................................................................................................................................................................. 14
8. TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................................................................................... 15
8.1 PROBLEM: OUTPUT VIDEO IMAGES UPDATE SLOWLY ..................................................................................... 15
8.2 PROBLEM: OUTPUT VIDEO IMAGES APPEAR GRAINY....................................................................................... 15
8.3 PROBLEM: NO VIDEO OUTPUT ................................................................................................................................ 15
8.4 TROUBSHOOTING SUPPORT .................................................................................................................................... 15
9. DEFINITIONS........................................................................................................................................ 16
i
APOGEE LABS, INC. Tel: 215.699.2060 Fax: 215.699.2061
4.02.2014 E-mail: sales@apogeelabs.com
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Simplified Block Diagram.................................................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2: Front Panel Display .............................................................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 3: Hardware Jumpers ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Figure 4: Rear Panel Connections...................................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 5: Rear Panel Status LEDs...................................................................................................................................................... 11
TABLE OF TABLES
Table 1: Front Panel Configuration Parameters ................................................................................................................................... 5

Table 2: Typical Encoder Data Rates................................................................................................................................................... 7
Table 3: JP1 Jumper Options ............................................................................................................................................................... 9
Table 4: Status LED Definitions ........................................................................................................................................................ 11
ii
1. OVERVIEW
The Apogee Labs model 2180/HVA1 Video Compression/Decompression module allows

encoding or decoding of standard definition NTSC or PAL video (with audio) into/from industry
standard H.264. The module is designed with state of the art Digital Signal Processing
technology to provide a compact and flexible solution for telemetry and industrial automation
systems. A block diagram illustrating the primary functions within a HVA1 module is shown in
Figure 1.
1
AL4300 PRODUCT LINE MODEL AL2180
COMPRESSION/
DECOMPRESSION ENGINE
H.264 Backplane
Video Input
75 Compression FIFO Multiplexer
Packetizer Backplane
Advanced Audio Bus Interface Connector
Audio Input Logic
600 Compression
1 100k
JP1
H.264 Backplane
Video Output
75 Decompression De- FIFO Demultiplexer
Packetizer Bus Interface
Advanced Audio Logic
Audio Output
30 Decompression
Figure 1: Simplified Block Diagram
When configured as an encoder, the module digitizes and compresses the input analog video and
audio signals into packets that are transported at a user selectable bit rate over the AL4300 series
chassis Multiplexer Bus. The packets of compressed video data are multiplexed with data from
other input modules residing in the chassis and transmitted out a Link module (PACK,
GIGELINK, etc). When used as a decoder, the module monitors the Demultiplexer Bus in the
AL4300 series chassis for video packets destined for itself. The module then reads those packets,
decompresses the video frames, and generates the analog video and audio signals which are
suitable for output to a display or recording device. Note that an HVA1 module can be
configured to function as either an Encoder or Decoder, but not both simultaneously.
2
2. SPECIFICATIONS
INPUTS / OUTPUTS VERTICAL RESOLUTION

• Video Input/Output • NTSC frame: 480 / 240 lines
• Audio Input/Output • PAL frame: 576 / 288 lines
INPUT VIDEO CHANNEL FRONT PANEL STATUS

• NTSC Composite (60Hz) or PAL • Encoder Bit Rate
Composite (50Hz)
• BNC connector CONFIGURATION
• 75 Ohm Terminated • All configuration parameters stored in
• 1Vp-p Nominal (5Vp-p no damage) on-board non-volatile RAM.
• Channel ID size: 11-bit
INPUT AUDIO CHANNEL (0x000…0x7F0)
• BNC connector • ASCII command interface via Telnet
• Nominal 2.2Vp-p (0dBm/600Ω) and SSH
• Selectable Termination: 600Ω or
100KΩ MECHANICAL
• 5Vp-p no damage. • Single Wide Slot, 3U Tall
• 9.5”×5.1”×0.8” (242×130×20.4mm)
OUTPUT VIDEO SIGNAL • Less than 2 Lbs.
• NTSC Composite, 60Hz
• PAL Composite, 50Hz POWER CONSUMPTION
• Typical 1Vp-p into 75 Ohms • 4 Watts, typical
• 75 Ohm Source Terminated
ENVIRONMENT
OUTPUT AUDIO CHANNEL
• Operating Temperature: 0° C to +50° C
• BNC connector • Storage Temperature: -40° C to +70° C
• Nominal 2.2Vp-p (0dBm/600Ω) • Relative Humidity: 95%, non-
condensing
ENCODER / DECODER
• H.264 video standard
• Latency: Less than 160ms
• NTSC / PAL Composite
• AAC audio standard
HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION
• 720 / 360 pixels per line for NTSC or
PAL
3
3. INSTALLATION
3.1 MODULE INSTALLATION
For customers who have purchased a Model 2180/HVA1 module to use in an existing AL4300
series chassis, please use the following procedure to ensure successful installation.
1. Ensure that power to the AL4300 series chassis is removed.

2. Unscrew and remove the blank filler panel (if present) from the intended slot position in
the rear of the chassis. Note that modules can be installed in any slot in the AL4300 series
chassis.
3. Carefully slide the HVA1 module into the empty slot, ensuring that the module’s printed
circuit board engages the top and the bottom card guide rails.
4. Securely fasten the module into the chassis with the two captive screws located in the
module’s rear panel.
5. Apply power to the chassis and verify that the module is detected by the chassis’ front
panel interface.
6. Connect input and output cabling as per your configuration.
4
4. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS
Figure 2: Front Panel Display
The front panel controls of the 2180 provide setup of the parameters found in the following table.
Parameter Options Description

Mode Disabled, Encode, Overall operational mode of the module
Decode
Frame Rate 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12.5, 15, Image frames encoded per second
25, 30
Audio Mode Enabled, Disabled Control audio presence in compressed stream
Enc Std NTSC, PAL Input video format selection
Dec Std NTSC, PAL Output video format selection
Bit Rate [200…8000] Target compressed data stream Bit Rate in
kbps
Enc Id [0x0…0x7F0] Encode Channel Identification Value
Dec Id [0x0…0x7F0] Decode Channel Identification Value
Table 1: Front Panel Configuration Parameters
5
4.1 MODE
An HVA1 module operates in one of three modes: Disabled, Encode, or Decode. When
Mode=Disabled, the module will not output any video or audio signal, nor will it place any data
traffic on the chassis’ Multiplexer Bus.
Setting Mode to Encode will cause the HVA1 module to begin compressing input analog video
and audio and place the result on the Chassis’ Multiplexer Bus for collection by the PACKx or
OC3IFx card residing in the chassis.
Setting Mode to Decode will cause the HVA1 module to scan the Chassis’ Demultiplexer Bus
for video packets containing a matching Dec Id number. Matching packets are read from the
backplane, decompressed, and converted into video and audio analog signals which are driven
out the Video Out and Audio Out connectors.
4.2 FRAME RATE
The Frame Rate parameter determines how fast the input video is captured in frames per second.
It can be selected to be as low as one frame per second up to thirty frames per second in
predetermined steps. Standard NTSC video frame rate is considered to be sixty frames per
second but keep in mind that even and odd lines are sent as interlaced frames. Frames are sent
even, odd, even, odd, etc so the effective frame rate is only thirty frames per second.
4.3 ENCODE STANDARD (ENC STD)
The HVA1 module is capable of digitizing and compressing a video signal that is in either NTSC
or PAL video format. Various regions of the world utilize different video format standards for
public video distribution. For example, the United States of America and Japan utilize NTSC
while most parts of Europe as well as Brazil utilize PAL. The user must set the Enc Std
parameter to correspond with the type of input video signal connected to the HVA1.
NOTE: An HVA1 module cannot convert compressed NTSC into uncompressed PAL or vice-
versa.
4.4 DECODE STANDARD (DEC STD)
The HVA1 module is capable of digitizing and compressing a video signals that conform to
NTSC or PAL format.
4.5 BIT RATE
The Bit Rate parameter allows the user to select the frequency of the compressed video with
audio data stream in bits-per-second. Note that this is simply a target value used by the video
compression engine as actual bit rate depends on the real-time content of the video image and in
particular, motion. The target bit rate may temporarily be exceeded at times. It is for this reason
that the module will always force the Multiplexer Bus data rate to be higher than the Bit Rate
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parameter in order to provide some bandwidth head room. See Table 2: Typical Encoder Data
Rates for a list of Multiplexer Bus data rate verses Bit Rate setting.
Bit Rate (kbps) Multiplexer Data Rate Multiplexer Data

Without Audio* Rate With Audio*
200 700 832
1000 1532 1664
1400 1948 2080
2600 3196 3328
4000 4652 4768
5000 5692 5824
7000 7772 7909
8000 8812 8928
Table 2: Typical Encoder Data Rates
* These values represent observed performance (not guaranteed) and should only be used as a
guide.
4.6 ENCODE ID (ENC ID)
When operating as an encoder (ie. Mode=Encode), an HVA1 digitizes and compresses an input
video signal and sends the resulting data stream onto the AL4300 series backplane to be
multiplexed with other data into an eventual telemetry stream. The Enc Id value is what uniquely
identifies the compressed video data within the telemetry stream. The Enc Id can be thought of
as a “source channel number” and is what is used by other HVA1s (configured as decoders) to
select and decode the compressed video stream. Valid values range from zero to 0x7F0 (2032
decimal) and should never be duplicated within the same chassis.
4.7 AUDIO
The Audio parameter controls whether or not compressed audio is included with the compressed
video stream and allows the user to minimize the total utilized bandwidth. When
Audio=Disabled there will be no audio for an HVA1 decoder to reconstruct so it’s “Audio Out”
BNC connector will idle at approximately zero volts.
4.8 DECODE ID (DEC ID)
When operating as a decoder (ie. Mode=Decode), an HVA1 continuously monitors the AL4300
series chassis’ Demultiplexer Bus for compressed video packets that have an Enc Id matching its
Dec Id parameter. It will read matching packets off the Demultiplexer Bus, decompress the video
and audio, reconstruct the analog signals, and drive the result to the rear panel Video Out and
7
Audio Out BNC connectors. The Dec Id can be thought of as the “source channel number to look
for.” Valid values range from zero to 0x7F0 (2032 decimal) and can be duplicated within the
same chassis.
8
5. HARDWARE JUMPERS
JP1
JP1: PIN: 1-2 = 100K OHMS
PIN: 2-3 = 600 OHMS
J7 J5
Hardware Jumper
JP1
Figure 3: Hardware Jumpers
5.1 AUDIO INPUT TERMINATION (JP1)
The HVA1 module includes a hardware jumper which allows the user to select the input
impedance of the Audio In port. Available settings are shown in the following table.
Jumper Location Input Impedance
Pin 1:2 100KΩ ±5%

Pin 2:3 600Ω ±5%
Table 3: JP1 Jumper Options
9
6. REAR PANEL I/O AND STATUS
VIDEO IN
Video and Audio Input

to Compression
Encoder
AUDIO IN
VIDEO OUT
Decompressed
Video and Audio
Output
AUDIO OUT
HVA1
2180
Figure 4: Rear Panel Connections
6.1 STATUS LEDS
On the rear panel of the HVA1 there are two light emitting diodes (LEDs) which indicate
whether the module is currently encoding video, decoding video, or neither. As Figure 4 shows,
the LED which indicates encode activity is positioned between the Video In and Audio In BNC
connectors while the LED indicating decode activity is positioned between the Video Out and
Audio Out connectors.
10
VIDEO IN
Encoder Enabled
Indicator LED
AUDIO IN
VIDEO OUT
Decoder Enabled
Indicator LED
AUDIO OUT
HVA1
2180
Figure 5: Rear Panel Status LEDs

See the table below for definitions.
LED Color Definition
Signifies that the corresponding port is currently encoding
Green
or decoding video.
Off Indicates that no video signal is present.
Table 4: Status LED Definitions
11
7. REMOTE CONTROL OVERVIEW

7.1 REMOTE CONTROL PROTOCOL
Features of an HVA1 module can be selected via configuration parameters. Additionally, the
module can report several status values. The user can access these parameters and status via the
AL4300 series chassis’ front panel keypad/LCD screen as well as remotely via the Ethernet
control port. The chassis’ front panel uses a simple ASCII string-based command protocol to
access and modify parameters. Parameters are defined as a either read only (RO) or read/write
(RW). All RO parameters can only be read out but a RW parameter can be modified by the user
in addition to being read out. Note that command strings are not case sensitive.
Reading and writing parameters requires issuing READ and SET commands. Refer to REMOTE
CONTROL section of the AL4300 series users guide for details on how to establish an Ethernet
connection and execute READ and SET commands.
For each HVA1 parameter, the following details are defined:

• Parameter Name
• String type (INT for integer, TXT for text, HEX for hexadecimal number, etc.)
• Attributes: RO or RW (Read Only or Read/write)
• Default Value, if applicable
• Options or Range
7.2 MODE
Attributes: Read/Write
Values: Encode, Decode, Disabled
Default: Disabled
Description:
The overall operating mode of the HVA1 module.
7.3 FRAME RATE
Values: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12.5, 15, 25, 30
Default: 30
Description:
The rate at which video frames shall be digitized, compressed, and placed in the
Multiplexer Bus data stream.
7.4 ENC STD
Values: NTSC/PAL
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Default: NTSC
Description:
Must be set by the user to correspond to the type of video standard applied to the HVA1’s
Video In BNC connector.
7.5 DEC STD
Values: NTSC/PAL
Default: NTSC
Description:
The type of video standard used to create the compressed video stream that is to be decoded
by the HVA1.
7.6 ENC ID
Values: 0x0 to 0x7F0
Default: 0x0
Description:
This parameter is the user-defined “source channel number” to be assigned to the compressed
video stream.
7.7 DEC ID
Values: 0x0 to 0x7F0
Default: 0x0
Description:
This parameter must match the Enc Id assigned to the compressed video stream intended to be
decompressed.
7.8 BIT RATE
Values: 200 to 8000 (decimal)
Default: 8000
Description:
The target bit rate to be utilized by the video/audio compression engine.
7.9 TOTAL BIT RATE
Attributes: Read Only

Values: 200 to 10000 (decimal)
Default: n/a
Description:
The actual bit rate of the compressed video/audio data stream.
13
7.10 VIDEO STATUS

Values: Idle, Active, HW Err
Default: n/a
Description:
The Video Status value indicates if the video digitization and compression engine has a valid
input signal and is generating a compressed data stream. Whenever Video Status=HW Err a
condition exists which has caused unanticipated hardware behavior. Please contact Apogee
Labs customer support and describe the events prior to observing this error condition.
7.11 HELP

Values: n/a
Default: n/a
Description:
Following is an example of a parameter listing retrieved from the HVA1 module in response
to the HELP command:
HELP
HVA1 ver. 1.0
Audio: TXT, RW, , Enabled, Disabled
Bit Rate: DEC, RW, , 200, 8000
Dec ID: HEX, RW, , 0x0, 0x7f0
Dec Std: TXT, RW, , NTSC, PAL
Enc ID: HEX, RW, , 0x0, 0x7f0
Enc Std: TXT, RW, , NTSC, PAL
Frame Rate: TXT, RW, , 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12.5, 15, 25, 30
Mode: TXT, RW, , Disabled, Encode, Decode
Total Bit Rate: DEC, RO, Kbps, 200, 10000
Video Status: TXT, RO, , Active, Idle, HW Err
14
8. TROUBLESHOOTING
8.1 PROBLEM: OUTPUT VIDEO IMAGES UPDATE SLOWLY
If the output video images appear “jumpy” or slow, it is probable that the Frame Rate parameter
is set to a low value. Try increasing the Frame Rate value.
8.2 PROBLEM: OUTPUT VIDEO IMAGES APPEAR GRAINY
If the output video images appear blurry or grainy it may be that the compressed video image
resolution is too low. Try increasing the Bit Rate setting on the Encoder.
8.3 PROBLEM: NO VIDEO OUTPUT
Verify that the Decoder’s Dec Id value matches the encoder’s Enc Id setting.
8.4 TROUBSHOOTING SUPPORT
If an issue cannot be resolved by any of these troubleshooting steps, please contact Apogee Labs
customer service. The phone number and e-mail address for customer service can be found in the
contact section of this manual.
15
9. DEFINITIONS
ACK Acknowledgment – Represented by '>' in NNAT

ASCII American Standard for Information Interchange – 7- bit values used to
represent text
Crossover Cable A network cable (CAT5, CAT5e, etc.) which allows for two network
devices to be able to communicate without the need for a router or switch.
GUI Graphical User Interface
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol – used by ping to test network latency
IP Internet Protocol – This is used with both TCP and UDP
IT Department Any reference to IT Department refers to your company's IT department
in charge of networking.
NACK Negative Acknowledgment – Represented by '?' in NNAT
NetBIOS Network Basic Input Output System – used for adding special
functionality to networks, such as Network Names
NNAT Apogee Labs, Inc's Network Native ASCII Transfer for remote control
PPS Pulse(s) per second
RX Receive
Samba Open source version of SMB file sharing
SMB Server Message Block – Used for sharing files
TCP Transmission Control Protocol – A reliable, connection protocol
TX Transmit
<CR> Carriage Return
<NL> New Line
16

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INSTRUCTION MANUAL

H.264 Video & Audio Encoder/Decoder

Table 1: Front Panel Configuration Parameters ................................................................................................................................... 5

The Apogee Labs model 2180/HVA1 Video Compression/Decompression module allows

Figure 1: Simplified Block Diagram

INPUTS / OUTPUTS VERTICAL RESOLUTION

INPUT VIDEO CHANNEL FRONT PANEL STATUS

3.1 MODULE INSTALLATION

1. Ensure that power to the AL4300 series chassis is removed.

4. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS

Figure 2: Front Panel Display

Parameter Options Description

4.2 FRAME RATE

4.3 ENCODE STANDARD (ENC STD)

4.4 DECODE STANDARD (DEC STD)

4.5 BIT RATE

Bit Rate (kbps) Multiplexer Data Rate Multiplexer Data

4.6 ENCODE ID (ENC ID)

4.8 DECODE ID (DEC ID)

Figure 3: Hardware Jumpers

5.1 AUDIO INPUT TERMINATION (JP1)

Jumper Location Input Impedance

Pin 1:2 100KΩ ±5%

6. REAR PANEL I/O AND STATUS

Video and Audio Input

Figure 4: Rear Panel Connections

6.1 STATUS LEDS

Figure 5: Rear Panel Status LEDs

7. REMOTE CONTROL OVERVIEW

For each HVA1 parameter, the following details are defined:

7.3 FRAME RATE

7.4 ENC STD

7.5 DEC STD

7.8 BIT RATE

7.9 TOTAL BIT RATE

Attributes: Read Only

7.10 VIDEO STATUS

Attributes: Read Only

Attributes: Read Only

8.2 PROBLEM: OUTPUT VIDEO IMAGES APPEAR GRAINY

8.3 PROBLEM: NO VIDEO OUTPUT

8.4 TROUBSHOOTING SUPPORT

ACK Acknowledgment – Represented by '>' in NNAT

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