IB Chemistry HL Redox Review Markscheme

1. D
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. B
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. B
11. D
12. (i) silver nitrate; 1
(ii) oxidation;
2+
Cu → Cu + 2e; 2
(iii) (silver nitrate) solution turns blue / grey or black or silver solid forms;
2+
copper ions form / Cu ions form / silver deposited; 2
5]

13. (a) (i) ionic conductor / allows movement of ions between electrolytes
/ completes circuit; 1
2+ –
(ii) Zn(s) ® Zn (aq) + 2e (state symbols not needed); 1
5 –3
(iii) 298 K / 25°C, 1 atm / 1.01 × 10 Pa 1 mol dm solutions 2
(all 3 for [2], 2 for [1])
(iv) 0.34 – (–0.76) = 1.10 V; 2
[1] for finding correct data, [1] for answer with unit (ECF).
(v) decreases;
2+
Cu ions are converted to Cu metal / Cu deposited on electrode; 2
Allow ECF from (iv).
(vi) Cu deposited on Zn rod / rod goes pink / brown;
blue colour of solution ® paler;
gets hotter / temperature increase / exothermic; 2 max
2+
(b) (i) Ti (no ECF to explanation);
2+ 2+
Ti has greatest tendency to lose electrons / Ti has least tendency
to gain electrons; 2
4+ 2+ 3+ 3+
(ii) Ce (aq) + Ti (aq) ® Ce (aq) + Ti (aq) 2
[1] for equation, [1] for state symbols. If wrong equation is
given, award [1]
for state symbols.
ο
(iii) DG negative;
reaction spontaneous / corresponds to positive cell potential; 2
Positive [0], non-spontaneous [1].
(c) (i) (aqueous) sodium hydroxide / dilute sulfuric acid / sodium sulfate; 1
Accept correct formulas.
– 2–
+ + + 3
Any combination of K / Na / H and NO / SO 4 .
Halides not acceptable. (“water” is not a solution)

1
 (ii)
h y d ro g e n / H 2 oxygen / O 2

– +

Or similar suitable diagram.

gas collection method;
names of gases correct way round at electrodes;
2:1 volume ratio correct way round; 3
[20]

14. (i) mass increases;

copper deposited;
2+
because X is negative and attracts Cu ions/reduction occurs at X/
2+ –
Cu + 2e ® Cu; 3
(ii) increase time;
increase current; 2
[5]
15. C
– –
16. (a) (i) oxidation half-reaction: 2Cl → Cl2 + 2e ;
– – + –
reduction half-reaction: 2H2O + 2e → H2 + 2OH /2H + 2e → H2 2
Award [1] only if equations are interchanged.
States not required.
ο +
(ii) Na has high E red / Na not readily reduced (in comparison to H2O)/if
+
formed, Na would (immediately) react with water to form Na 1
(b) H(g) and O2(g)/accept names;
2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e–/4OH–→ 2H2O + O2 + 4e–;
water is oxidized (instead of the halide);
since EοOX for F– is very negative/Eοred for F2 is very high; 4
Accept answer based on oxidizing/reducing strengths.
[7]