Mathematics IA Tutorial 1 (week 2)

Semester 2, 2014
Submit the ‘hand in’ questions by 2pm Monday August 11th
Algebra questions
 
1 1    
8 4 2 5 −4  
1. Let A = 2  0 , B =
 , C = , D = 3 5 7
2 4 6 0 0
−1 −4
 
−2
and E = .
−1
Evaluate each of the following matrices if they exist:
(i) At (ii) AB (iii) BAC (iv) A +C (v) A + B t (vi) ED
(vii) AEDB t C t (viii) C 3
 
a b c
2. Let A = . Find expressions for AAt and At A.
d e f
3. Let A, B, C and D be matrices which satisfy the following conditions:
AB t C 2 Dt is defined and is a 3 × 3 matrix, A has 7 columns, and B
has 5 rows. Find the sizes of each of the matrices A, B, C and D.
4. Recall for an m × n matrix A and a n × k matrix B we can express the
X n
ij-th entry of AB by the formula ail blj . Use this formula to show
l=1
that for any m × n matrix A, AIn = Im A = A.
5. Let A be an m × n matrix, and suppose there exist n × m matrices C
and D such that CA = In and AD = Im . Prove that C = D.
6. Solve the following systems of linear equations:
x1 − 3x2 + 2x3 = −10
2x1 + 6x2 = 12
(a) (b) 2x2 − x3 =6
4x1 − 3x2 = 19
x1 + x3 =0
7. Solve the following systems of linear equations:
2x1 + 6x2 =3 x1 + 2x2 =4
(a) (b)
x1 + 3x2 =1 x2 − x3 =2
8. Consider the system of linear equations,
x1 − 2x2 = 1
3x1 + ax2 = 4
(a) If this system has a unique solution, (x1 , x2 ) = (5, 2), then what
is a?
(b) If this system has no solutions then what is a?
   
1 2 3 8
9. Let A = and B = . Find all possible matrices C
−1 −2 1 −2
such that both AB = AC and BA = CA.

1
 Algebra Hand in question

Solve the following systems of linear equations:

3x1 − x2 = −2 2x1 − x2 =0
(a) (b)
x1 + x2 = 10 2x2 − 4x1 =4
Draw sketches to illustrate your answers.

Calculus questions

10. (a) What does it mean for a real number x to be rational ?

(b) Let D be a set of real numbers. What is a real-valued rational
function f on D?

11. Suppose x and y are irrational numbers and r is a rational number.

For each of the questions below:

• if your answer is “yes”, then provide an example; or

• if your answer is “no”, then show that such an example cannot
occur.

(a) Can x + y be rational?

(b) Can x + r be rational?
(c) Can xy be rational?
(d) Can xr be rational?

12. Show that 1.6252525 . . . (with 25 infinitely repeating) is a rational

number.

13. Show, by example or otherwise, that there are irrational numbers

x, y ∈ R such that:

(a) 2x − y is rational.
x4
(b) is an integer.
16
14. Let A = [0, 3), B = {x ∈ R | −5 < 2x + 1 ≤ 3}, and C be the set
of positive real numbers that are less than twice their square root.
Express the following sets in interval notation:

(a) B ∪ (A ∩ C)
(b) (B ∪ A) ∩ C
(c) B \ (A ∩ C).

15. The graph of a function is given below:

(a) state the value of f (1);

(b) estimate the value of f (−1);

2
 (c) estimate for what value of x is f (x) = 1 ?
(d) estimate the value of x such that f (x) = 0;
(e) state the domain and range of f .

3 y

x
−2 −1 1 2 3 4

−1

−2

16. Find the domain of each of the following functions.

p
(a) f (x) = 1 − x2 − 25
1
(b) g(x) = √
1 − x2
6x2 + 1
(c) h(x) = 2
x +1
6x2 + 1
(d) j(x) = 2 .
x − 2x + 1
17. In each case state the range of the real valued function f (x) for the
given domain:

(a) f (x) = 3x − 7 for x ≥ 0

(b) f (x) = −x3 for x ∈ (−∞, 0)
 2
x + 2 if x < 0 ,

(c) f (x) = −3 if 0 ≤ x < 1 ,

x − 3 if x ≥ 1 .


18. A lump of clay of volume 23 m3 is split into two pieces. The first piece
is formed into a sphere of radius r, and the other piece is formed into a
cube of side length x. Express the total surface area of the sphere and
cube as a function of x, including the (physically reasonable) domain.

Calculus Hand in question

Consider the repeating decimal

z = 0.0xyxyxy . . . with x, y ∈ A, (1)

3
where A={a ∈ Z | 0 ≤ a ≤ 9}. Note that xy or yx does NOT mean
x × y in this question.

Prove that z ∈ Q. In your answer you must carefully explain each

step and clearly make use of the definition of Q.