Seismic load will be calculated in accordance with ACI 350.3‐06. Refer to Appendix A for a step‐by‐step
outline of the design method.
Basic Seismic Design Parameters
Depth of stored liquid, HL = 20’
Wall height, Hw = 20’
Inside length of tank, L = 24.5’
ASCE 7‐05:
Figure 22‐1; Ss = 0.139
Figure 22‐2; S1 = 0.052
Table 20.3‐1 and geotechnical report; site classification = D
Table 11.4‐1; Fa = 1.6
Table 11.4‐2; Fv = 2.4
Eq. (9‐35):
SDS = (2/3)(Ss)(Fa) = (2/3)(0.139)(1.6) = 0.148
Eq. (9‐36):
SD1 = (2/3)(S1)(Fv) = (2/3)(0.052)(2.4) = 0.083
Table 4.1.1(a):
Importance factor, I = 1.25
Table 4.1.1(b):
Fixed‐base tank, buried
Ri = 3.0
Rc = 1.0
Tank Dynamic Properties
Weight of one wall perpendicular to earthquake direction, Ww’ = 113k
Weight of roof plus superimposed snow load of 40 psf, Wr = 130k
Weight of stored liquid, WL = 593k
Effective mass coefficient, Eq. (9‐44):
L = 24.5’
HL = 20’
ε = 0.81
Effective weight of impulsive component of stored liquid, Wi ‐ use Eq. (9‐1):
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WL = 593k
L = 24.5’
HL = 20’
Wi = 439k
Effective weight of convective component of stored liquid, Wc ‐ use Eq. (9‐1):
WL = 593k
L = 24.5’
HL = 20’
Wc = 190k
General dimensional parameters:
Height from base of wall to c.o.g. of wall, hw = 10’
Height from base of wall to c.o.g. of roof, hr = 20.5’
L / HL = 24.5 / 20 = 1.23
Height above base of wall to c.o.g. of impulsive lateral force for case excluding base pressure, hi, use eq.
(9‐3):
HL = 20’
L = 24.5’
hi = 7.70’
Height above base of wall to c.o.g. of convective lateral force for case excluding base pressure, hc, use
eq. (9‐5):
HL = 20’
L = 24.5’
hc = 13.34’
Height above base of wall to c.o.g. of impulsive lateral force for case including base pressure, hi’, use eq.
(9‐7):
HL = 20’
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L = 24.5’
hi' = 11.00’
Height above base of wall to c.o.g. of convective lateral force for case including base pressure, hc’, use
eq. (9‐8):
HL = 20’
L = 24.5’
hc' = 14.53’
The calculation of the combined natural frequency of vibration (ωi) of the containment structure and the
impulsive component of the stored liquid is not required because the maximum value of Ci is used (SDS).
The assumption is that Ti < Ts (see Section 9.4.1).
Calculate the frequency of vibration (ωc) of the convective component of the stored liquid – use Eq. (9‐
13) and (9‐12):
Eq. (9‐13):
g = 32.17 ft/s2
HL = 20’
L = 24.5’
λ = 10.02
Eq. (9‐12)
λ = 10.02
L = 24.5’
ωc = 2.03
Calculate the natural period of the first (convective) mode of sloshing, Tc – use Eq. (9‐14):
ωc = 2.03
Tc = 3.10
Calculate the seismic response coefficients Ci, Cc & Ct.
For Ci, assume Ti < Ts (see above) – use Eq. (9‐32):
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SDS = 0.148
Ci = 0.148
For Cc, first find Ts – use Eq. (9‐34):
SD1 = 0.083
SDS = 0.148
Ts = 0.56
Tc [3.10] > 1.6/Ts [2.86] – use Eq. (9‐38):
SDS = 0.148
Tc = 3.10
Cc = 0.037
Ct = 0.4SDS = 0.4 * 0.148 = 0.06
Dynamic Lateral Forces
Lateral inertia force of one accelerating wall perpendicular to direction of earthquake force, Pw’ – use
Eq. (4‐1a):
Ci = 0.148
I = 1.25
ε = 0.81
Ww’ = 113k
Ri = 3.0
Pw’ = 5.6k
Lateral inertia force of the accelerating roof, Wr – use Eq. (4‐2):
Ci = 0.148
I = 1.25
Wr = 130k
Ri = 3.0
Pr = 8.0k
Total lateral impulsive force associated with Wi, Pi – use Eq. (4‐3):
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Ci = 0.148
I = 1.25
Wi = 439k
Ri = 3.0
Pi = 27.1k
Total lateral convective force associated with Wc, Pc – use Eq. (4‐4):
Cc = 0.037
I = 1.25
Wc = 190k
Rc = 1.0
Pc = 8.8k
Dynamic earth and groundwater pressure (Peg) has been neglected in this analysis.
Total Base Shear
Base shear due to seismic forces applied at the bottom of the tank wall, V – use Eq. (4‐5):
Pi = 27.1k
Pw’ = 5.6k
Pr = 8.0k
Pc = 8.8k
Peg = not considered = 0k
V = 41.6k
Moments at Base
???
Vertical Acceleration
Spectral acceleration, Eq. (4‐15):
Ct = 0.06
I = 1.25
b = assume 0.67
Ri = 3.0
ϋ = 0.03
Hydrodynamic pressure, pvy, at level y above base – use Eq. (4‐14):
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pvy = (0.03)(qhy)
Force Distribution
???
Stresses
???
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