Yellow 17 – decalcified bone

 Periosteum on the RHS is a pale staining region

o You would find endosteum facing the marrow on the surface of the trabeculae
 Then cortical bone
 Then projections out – trabecular
 All the spaces in between are bone marrow

 All the little lines are cracks – due to the dehydrating process. They are artefacts
 Nuclei of fibroblasts
 All of the rest is collagen
 Fibroblasts are producing the collagen

 This is the edge of the periosteum

 This is where you would find the osteoprogenitor cells – divide to form bone lining cells or
osteoblasts
 Fibroblast nuclei are elongated
 Try spot the blood vessels
 Multinucleated cell – osteoclast

 Cells within lacunae are osteocytes

 Background of collagen

 You can see adipocytes and haemopoietic progenitor cells

  Howship’s lacunae has a osteoclast sitting in it
 Osteoblasts contrarily, have round nuclei and are puffy

 This is where you find the endosteum

 There is a layer of flat nucleated cells that are osteoprogenitor cells

Orange 14 – ground section of bone

  Black dots are the lacunae
 Look at the Haversian system/osteon with concentric lamellae in them
 Between osteons are interstitial lamellae
 The large black clump are vessels and nerves

 The fine lines are the canaliculi

Orange 12 – Undecalcified bone

  Elongated shape is a Volkmann’s canal that is connecting Haversian canals

Orange 20

 Purple = epiphyseal plate of hyaline cartilage

 Blue = matrix of bone
 Green = bone marrow

 Blue line up top – periosteum (dense regular CT and cellular layer)

 Green up top – skeletal muscle

 Articulating surface – no periosteum here

 Cortical in the middle
 Trabecular below

 Hyaline cartilage
 Blue matrix
 Lacunae with chondrocytes in the middle
 When these chondrocytes sit in groups – this is known as isogenous groups

 This is the same cartilage – but this is more active

 Chondrocytes sitting in a row instead of in isogenous groups

 Growing cartilage

 Secretory cell producing synovial fluid

 Located where the periosteum folds back on itself, near the articular surface