Tabla 2.1.

Se toman los datos de normalidad y (∆Teb/x) de la

le libro datos, nomogramas y tablas para
operaciones básicas de Ingeniería Química Parte
II (página 15).
Nota: x indica porcentaje en peso.

Se realiza el cambio de normalidad a fraccion A partir de esto se calcula el incr

molar (x): tomando el primer dato de la Tabla
2.1.:
N=v·M >> M=N/v=(0,8/2)=0,4 mol/L
(v=valencia).
Se supone una base de calculo de 1L de
disolucion=1L de agua=1Kg(suponiendo que la
densidad del agua igual a uno).
0,4Mol CdCl2
x=0,4/(0,4+(1000/18,02))=0,0072
Tabla 2.2.
temperatura de ebullición para ca
normalidad. (Tabla 2.3)
Repetir para el resto de datos.
representar el incremento de tem
ebullicion frente a molalidad.
La pendiente de la recta de ajuste
constante ebulloscopica.
A partir de esto se calcula el incremeto de
temperatura de ebullición para cada
normalidad. (Tabla 2.3)
Repetir para el resto de datos.
representar el incremento de temperatura de
ebullicion frente a molalidad.
La pendiente de la recta de ajuste es la
constante ebulloscopica.
Para el diagrama de Dühring:
1. Se establecen una serie de porcentajes en peso: 5,10,15...
2. Se realiza el cambio de porcentaje en peso a molalidad.
3. Se calcula el incremnto de temperatura de ebullicicon para cad
∆Teb=m·K
4.Se representan dichas rectas segun: Y=a+b·X donde:
Y=Tebullicion de la disolición.
a= ordenada en el origen= ∆Tebullicion calculado.
b=pendiente=valor fijo =1
X= Tebullición del agua.
Nota: pata calcular la recta del 0% de CdCl2 se realiza exactam
tanto el ∆Teb=0 .
orcentajes en peso: 5,10,15...
entaje en peso a molalidad.
mperatura de ebullicicon para cada molalidad de acuerdo a la ecuacion:

egun: Y=a+b·X donde:

bullicion calculado.

l 0% de CdCl2 se realiza exactamente igual a lo anterior pero tomando como m=0 y por lo
Tabla 2.1. Datos bibliográficos.
N (eq/L) m (mol /kg agua)
0.8 0.4
2 1
3 1.5

Tabla 2.2. Cálculo de Kebulloscópica.

N (eq/L) m (mol /kg agua) Xmolar
0.8 0.4 0.0072
2 1 0.0177
3 1.5 0.0263

Determinación de Bebulloscópica.
0.9000

0.8000 f(x) = 0.5153898704x + 0.0519515703

R² = 0.9973748657
0.7000

0.6000

0.5000
∆teb(ºC)

0.4000

0.3000

0.2000

0.1000

0.0000
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
m (mol /kg agua)

Tabla 2.3. Cálculo del incremeto de temperatura de ebullición.

m (mol / kg) ∆teb(ºC) %peso
0.6062 0.3124 10.00
1.3639 0.7030 20.00
2.3381 1.2051 30.00
3.6371 1.8745 40.00
5.4556 2.8118 50.00
8.1834 4.2177 60.00
12.7297 6.5609 70.00
 21.8224 11.2473 80.00
49.1004 25.3063 90.00

%peso 0.0
Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC)
0 0
5 5
10 10
15 15
20 20
25 25
30 30
35 35
40 40
45 45
50 50
55 55
60 60
65 65
70 70
75 75
80 80
85 85
90 90
95 95
100 100
105 105
110 110
120 120
 ∆teb/x (ºC) ∆teb(ºC) k(ºC·Kg/mol)
35 0.2505
33 0.5841 0.5154
31 0.8159

de Bebulloscópica.

03

.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

m (mol /kg agua)
 %peso 10.00 %peso
Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC) Tebullición agua(ºC)
0 0.31 0
5 5.31 5
10 10.31 10
15 15.31 15
20 20.31 20
25 25.31 25
30 30.31 30
35 35.31 35
40 40.31 40
45 45.31 45
50 50.31 50
55 55.31 55
60 60.31 60
65 65.31 65
70 70.31 70
75 75.31 75
80 80.31 80
85 85.31 85
90 90.31 90
95 95.31 95
100 100.31 100
105 105.31 105
110 110.31 110
120 120.31 120
 20.00 %peso 30.00
Tebullición disolucion(ºC) Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC)
0.70 0 1.21
5.70 5 6.21
10.70 10 11.21
15.70 15 16.21
20.70 20 21.21
25.70 25 26.21
30.70 30 31.21
35.70 35 36.21
40.70 40 41.21
45.70 45 46.21
50.70 50 51.21
55.70 55 56.21
60.70 60 61.21
65.70 65 66.21
70.70 70 71.21
75.70 75 76.21
80.70 80 81.21
85.70 85 86.21
90.70 90 91.21
95.70 95 96.21
100.70 100 101.21
105.70 105 106.21
110.70 110 111.21
120.70 120 121.21

Diagrama de Dühring.
160
Tebullición de la disolucion (ºC)

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Tebullicion del agua (ºC)

 %peso 40.00 %peso 50.00
Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC) Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC)
0 1.87 0 2.81
5 6.87 5 7.81
10 11.87 10 12.81
15 16.87 15 17.81
20 21.87 20 22.81
25 26.87 25 27.81
30 31.87 30 32.81
35 36.87 35 37.81
40 41.87 40 42.81
45 46.87 45 47.81
50 51.87 50 52.81
55 56.87 55 57.81
60 61.87 60 62.81
65 66.87 65 67.81
70 71.87 70 72.81
75 76.87 75 77.81
80 81.87 80 82.81
85 86.87 85 87.81
90 91.87 90 92.81
95 96.87 95 97.81
100 101.87 100 102.81
105 106.87 105 107.81
110 111.87 110 112.81
120 121.87 120 122.81

Dühring.
0.0
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
80 100 120 140

agua (ºC)
 %peso 60.00 %peso
Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC) Tebullición agua(ºC)
0 4.22 0
5 9.22 5
10 14.22 10
15 19.22 15
20 24.22 20
25 29.22 25
30 34.22 30
35 39.22 35
40 44.22 40
45 49.22 45
50 54.22 50
55 59.22 55
60 64.22 60
65 69.22 65
70 74.22 70
75 79.22 75
80 84.22 80
85 89.22 85
90 94.22 90
95 99.22 95
100 104.22 100
105 109.22 105
110 114.22 110
120 124.22 120
 70.00 %peso 80.00
Tebullición disolucion(ºC) Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC)
6.56 0 11.25
11.56 5 16.25
16.56 10 21.25
21.56 15 26.25
26.56 20 31.25
31.56 25 36.25
36.56 30 41.25
41.56 35 46.25
46.56 40 51.25
51.56 45 56.25
56.56 50 61.25
61.56 55 66.25
66.56 60 71.25
71.56 65 76.25
76.56 70 81.25
81.56 75 86.25
86.56 80 91.25
91.56 85 96.25
96.56 90 101.25
101.56 95 106.25
106.56 100 111.25
111.56 105 116.25
116.56 110 121.25
126.56 120 131.25
 %peso 90.00
Tebullición agua(ºC) Tebullición disolucion(ºC)
0 25.31
5 30.31
10 35.31
15 40.31
20 45.31
25 50.31
30 55.31
35 60.31
40 65.31
45 70.31
50 75.31
55 80.31
60 85.31
65 90.31
70 95.31
75 100.31
80 105.31
85 110.31
90 115.31
95 120.31
100 125.31
105 130.31
110 135.31
120 145.31
LÍNEAS ISOTÉRMICAS CdCl2

LÍNEAS ISOTÉRMICAS CdCl2·H2O / CdCl2·2,5H2O

Tabla 1. Datos teóricos Tabla 2. Datos termodinámicos
P.M. CdCl2 (g/mol) 183.298 Cp CdCl2 (cal/K·g) 0.099
P.M. CdCl2·H2O (g/mol) 201.317 Cp H2O (cal/K·g) 1.000
P.M. CdCl2·2,5H2O (g/mol 228.317 Cp CdCl2·H2O (cal/K·g) 0.090
P.M. H2O (g/mol) 18.02 Cp CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/K·g 0.079
(25 ºC)

Tabla 3. Tabla de solubilidades y fracción molar

s (g CdCl2·H2O /100g s (g CdCl2·2,5H2O /100g
T (ºC) s (g CdCl2 /100g H2O) xCdCl2 H2O) H2O)
0 72.33 0.420 - 90.1
10 148.38 0.597 135.1 -
20 147.72 0.596 134.5 -
30 106.05 0.515 - 132.1
34.1 122.82 0.551 - -
40 139.58 0.583 153.3 -
50 131.93 0.569 - -
60 124.28 0.554 136.5 -
70 126.06 0.558 - -
80 127.83 0.561 140.4 -
90 130.84 0.567 - -
100 133.84 0.572 147.0 -
120 139.85 0.583 - -

Tabla 4.1. Líneas isotérmicas.

T (ºC) 0 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC)
xCdCl2 xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2
0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 -18.000 0.000 -18.000 0.0000
0.0466 0.9534 0.0466 -17.243 0.789 -16.455 0.0664
0.0933 0.9067 0.0933 -16.487 1.577 -14.909 0.1328
0.1399 0.8601 0.1399 -15.730 2.366 -13.364 0.1991
0.1865 0.8135 0.1865 -14.973 3.155 -11.818 0.2655
0.2332 0.7668 0.2332 -14.216 3.944 -10.273 0.3319
0.2798 0.7202 0.2798 -13.460 4.732 -8.727 0.3983
0.3265 0.6735 0.3265 -12.703 5.521 -7.182 0.4646
0.3731 0.6269 0.3731 -11.946 6.310 -5.636 0.5310
0.4197 0.5803 0.4197 -11.189 7.099 -4.091 0.5974

Tabla 4.2. Líneas isotérmicas. Continuación I.

T (ºC) 30 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC)
xCdCl2 xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2
0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 12.000 0.000 12.000 0.0000
0.0572 0.9428 0.0572 11.381 0.967 12.349 0.0612
0.1144 0.8856 0.1144 10.763 1.934 12.697 0.1225
0.1716 0.8284 0.1716 10.144 2.902 13.046 0.1837
 0.2288 0.7712 0.2288 9.525 3.869 13.394 0.2450
0.2859 0.7141 0.2859 8.907 4.836 13.743 0.3062
0.3431 0.6569 0.3431 8.288 5.803 14.091 0.3675
0.4003 0.5997 0.4003 7.670 6.770 14.440 0.4287
0.4575 0.5425 0.4575 7.051 7.737 14.788 0.4900
0.5147 0.4853 0.5147 6.432 8.705 15.137 0.5512

Tabla 4.3. Líneas isotérmicas. Continuación II.

T (ºC) 60 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC)
xCdCl2 xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2
0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 42.000 0.000 42.000 0.0000
0.0616 0.9384 0.0616 39.669 1.041 40.710 0.0620
0.1231 0.8769 0.1231 37.338 2.083 39.420 0.1239
0.1847 0.8153 0.1847 35.007 3.124 38.130 0.1859
0.2463 0.7537 0.2463 32.675 4.165 36.841 0.2478
0.3079 0.6921 0.3079 30.344 5.207 35.551 0.3098
0.3694 0.6306 0.3694 28.013 6.248 34.261 0.3718
0.4310 0.5690 0.4310 25.682 7.289 32.971 0.4337
0.4926 0.5074 0.4926 23.351 8.330 31.681 0.4957
0.5541 0.4459 0.5541 21.020 9.372 30.391 0.5576

Tabla 4.4. Líneas isotérmicas. Continuación III.

T (ºC) 90 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC)
xCdCl2 xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2
0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 72.000 0.000 72.000 0.0000
0.0630 0.9370 0.0630 67.912 1.065 68.978 0.0636
0.1260 0.8740 0.1260 63.825 2.130 65.955 0.1272
0.1889 0.8111 0.1889 59.737 3.195 62.933 0.1908
0.2519 0.7481 0.2519 55.650 4.260 59.910 0.2544
0.3149 0.6851 0.3149 51.562 5.325 56.888 0.3180
0.3779 0.6221 0.3779 47.475 6.391 53.865 0.3816
0.4408 0.5592 0.4408 43.387 7.456 50.843 0.4452
0.5038 0.4962 0.5038 39.300 8.521 47.820 0.5088
0.5668 0.4332 0.5668 35.212 9.586 44.798 0.5724

Tabla 5. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/g)
0 0.4197 -4.091
10 0.5974 6.412
20 0.5963 11.010
30 0.5147 15.137
34.1 0.5512 17.422
40 0.5826 20.299
50 0.5688 25.211
60 0.5541 30.391
70 0.5576 35.291
80 0.5611 40.130
 90 0.5668 44.798
100 0.5724 49.371
120 0.5831 58.248
micos
∆Hf CdCl2 (cal/g) -507.97 ∆Hmez CdCl2 (cal/g) 16.91
∆Hf CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) -814.61 ∆Hmez CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) 2.98
∆Hf CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/g) -1183.93 ∆Hmez CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/ -13.14
∆Hf H2O (cal/g) -3799.61
(25ºC) (18ºC)

(g CdCl2·2,5H2O /100g
H2O)
90.1
-
-
132.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

10 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC) 20 Tref (ºC)

xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2 xH2O % peso
1.0000 0.0000 -8.000 0.000 -8.000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000
0.9336 0.0664 -7.521 1.123 -6.399 0.0663 0.9337 0.0663
0.8672 0.1328 -7.043 2.245 -4.797 0.1325 0.8675 0.1325
0.8009 0.1991 -6.564 3.368 -3.196 0.1988 0.8012 0.1988
0.7345 0.2655 -6.085 4.490 -1.595 0.2650 0.7350 0.2650
0.6681 0.3319 -5.607 5.613 0.006 0.3313 0.6687 0.3313
0.6017 0.3983 -5.128 6.736 1.608 0.3975 0.6025 0.3975
0.5354 0.4646 -4.649 7.858 3.209 0.4638 0.5362 0.4638
0.4690 0.5310 -4.170 8.981 4.810 0.5301 0.4699 0.5301
0.4026 0.5974 -3.692 10.103 6.412 0.5963 0.4037 0.5963

34.1 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC) 40 Tref (ºC)

xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2 xH2O % peso
1.0000 0.0000 16.100 0.000 16.100 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000
0.9388 0.0612 15.211 1.036 16.247 0.0647 0.9353 0.0647
0.8775 0.1225 14.322 2.072 16.394 0.1295 0.8705 0.1295
0.8163 0.1837 13.433 3.107 16.541 0.1942 0.8058 0.1942
 0.7550 0.2450 12.545 4.143 16.688 0.2589 0.7411 0.2589
0.6938 0.3062 11.656 5.179 16.835 0.3237 0.6763 0.3237
0.6325 0.3675 10.767 6.215 16.981 0.3884 0.6116 0.3884
0.5713 0.4287 9.878 7.250 17.128 0.4531 0.5469 0.4531
0.5100 0.4900 8.989 8.286 17.275 0.5179 0.4821 0.5179
0.4488 0.5512 8.100 9.322 17.422 0.5826 0.4174 0.5826

70 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC) 80 Tref (ºC)

xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2 xH2O % peso
1.0000 0.0000 52.000 0.000 52.000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000
0.9380 0.0620 49.096 1.048 50.143 0.0623 0.9377 0.0623
0.8761 0.1239 46.191 2.096 48.287 0.1247 0.8753 0.1247
0.8141 0.1859 43.287 3.144 46.430 0.1870 0.8130 0.1870
0.7522 0.2478 40.382 4.192 44.574 0.2494 0.7506 0.2494
0.6902 0.3098 37.478 5.239 42.717 0.3117 0.6883 0.3117
0.6282 0.3718 34.574 6.287 40.861 0.3741 0.6259 0.3741
0.5663 0.4337 31.669 7.335 39.004 0.4364 0.5636 0.4364
0.5043 0.4957 28.765 8.383 37.148 0.4987 0.5013 0.4987
0.4424 0.5576 25.860 9.431 35.291 0.5611 0.4389 0.5611

100 Tref (ºC) 18 T (ºC) 120 Tref (ºC)

xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2 xH2O % peso
1.0000 0.0000 82.000 0.000 82.000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000
0.9364 0.0636 77.299 1.076 78.375 0.0648 0.9352 0.0648
0.8728 0.1272 72.598 2.151 74.749 0.1296 0.8704 0.1296
0.8092 0.1908 67.897 3.227 71.124 0.1944 0.8056 0.1944
0.7456 0.2544 63.196 4.302 67.498 0.2591 0.7409 0.2591
0.6820 0.3180 58.495 5.378 63.873 0.3239 0.6761 0.3239
0.6184 0.3816 53.794 6.453 60.247 0.3887 0.6113 0.3887
0.5548 0.4452 49.093 7.529 56.622 0.4535 0.5465 0.4535
0.4912 0.5088 44.392 8.604 52.997 0.5183 0.4817 0.5183
0.4276 0.5724 39.691 9.680 49.371 0.5831 0.4169 0.5831
 18
∆Hsens (cal/g)
∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g)
2.000 0.000 2.000
1.881 1.121 3.001
1.761 2.241 4.002
1.642 3.362 5.003
1.522 4.482 6.004
1.403 5.603 7.006
1.283 6.723 8.007
1.164 7.844 9.008
1.044 8.965 10.009
0.925 10.085 11.010

18 T (ºC) 50 Tref (ºC) 18

∆Hsens (cal/g)
∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g) xCdCl2 xH2O % peso ∆Hsens (cal/g)∆Hmez (cal/g)
22.000 0.000 22.000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 32.000 0.000
20.716 1.095 21.811 0.0632 0.9368 0.0632 30.177 1.069
19.432 2.190 21.622 0.1264 0.8736 0.1264 28.354 2.138
18.149 3.284 21.433 0.1896 0.8104 0.1896 26.530 3.207
 16.865 4.379 21.244 0.2528 0.7472 0.2528 24.707 4.276
15.581 5.474 21.055 0.3160 0.6840 0.3160 22.884 5.345
14.297 6.569 20.866 0.3792 0.6208 0.3792 21.061 6.414
13.013 7.664 20.677 0.4424 0.5576 0.4424 19.237 7.483
11.730 8.758 20.488 0.5056 0.4944 0.5056 17.414 8.551
10.446 9.853 20.299 0.5688 0.4312 0.5688 15.591 9.620

18
∆Hsens (cal/g)
∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g)
62.000 0.000 62.000
58.516 1.054 59.570
55.031 2.109 57.140
51.547 3.163 54.710
48.063 4.217 52.280
44.578 5.272 49.850
41.094 6.326 47.420
37.610 7.381 44.990
34.125 8.435 42.560
30.641 9.489 40.130

18
∆Hsens (cal/g)
∆Hmez (cal/g) h (cal/g)
102.000 0.000 102.000
96.043 1.096 97.139
90.086 2.191 92.277
84.129 3.287 87.416
78.172 4.383 82.555
72.215 5.478 77.693
66.258 6.574 72.832
60.301 7.670 67.971
54.344 8.766 63.109
48.387 9.861 58.248
h (cal/g)
32.000
31.246
30.491
29.737
28.983
28.228
27.474
26.720
25.966
25.211
 nH2O 2.5

Tabla 1. Datos teóricos Tabla 2. Datos termodinámicos

P.M. CdCl2 (g/mol) 183.298 Cp CdCl2 (cal/K·g) 0.099
P.M. CdCl2·H2O (g/mol) 201.317 Cp H2O (cal/K·g) 1.000
P.M. CdCl2·2,5H2O (g/mol 228.317 Cp CdCl2·H2O (cal/K·g) 0.090
P.M. H2O (g/mol) 18.02 Cp CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/K·g) 0.079
(25 ºC)

Tabla 3. Entalpía de los hidratos

T (ºC) ∆Hsens (cal/g) h (cal/g)
Tref (ºC) 0.0 -1.974 -28.895
25.0 10.0 -1.185 -28.105
xCdCl2 20.0 -0.395 -27.316
0.8028 30.0 0.395 -26.526
xH2O 34.1 0.719 -26.202
0.1972
∆Hdis CdCl2 (cal/g)
407.81
∆Hdis H2O (cal/g)
749.20
∆Hf CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/g)
-1183.93

Tabla 5. Líneas isotérmicas

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/g)
0.4197 -4.091
0
0.8028 -28.895
0.5974 6.412
10
0.8028 -28.105
0.5963 11.010
20
0.8028 -27.316
0.5147 15.137
30
0.8028 -26.526
0.5512 17.422
34.1
0.8028 -26.202
∆Hf CdCl2 (cal/g) -507.97 ∆Hmez CdCl2 (cal/g) 16.91
∆Hf CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) -814.61 ∆Hmez CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) 2.98
∆Hf CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/g) -1183.93 ∆Hmez CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/ -13.14
∆Hf H2O (cal/g) -3799.61
(25ºC) (18ºC)

Tabla 4. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/g)
0 0.420 -4.091
10 0.597 6.412
20 0.596 11.010
30 0.515 15.137
34.1 0.551 17.422
40 0.583 20.299
50 0.569 25.211
60 0.554 30.391
70 0.558 35.291
80 0.561 40.130
90 0.567 44.798
100 0.572 49.371
120 0.583 58.248

Tabla 6. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2·2,

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/g)
0.0 0.8028 -28.895
10.0 0.8028 -28.105
20.0 0.8028 -27.316
30.0 0.8028 -26.526
34.1 0.8028 -26.202
 nH2O 1

Tabla 1. Datos teóricos Tabla 2. Datos termodinámicos

P.M. CdCl2 (g/mol) 183.298 Cp CdCl2 (cal/K·g)
P.M. CdCl2·H2O (g/mol) 201.317 Cp H2O (cal/K·g)
P.M. CdCl2·2,5H2O (g/mol) 228.317 Cp CdCl2·H2O (cal/K·g)
P.M. H2O (g/mol) 18.02 Cp CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/K·g)

Tabla 3. Entalpía de los hidratos

T (ºC) ∆Hsens (cal/g) h (cal/g)
Tref (ºC) 0.0 -2.239 -14.260
25.0 10.0 -1.343 -13.365
xCdCl2 20.0 -0.448 -12.469
0.9105 30.0 0.448 -11.573
xH2O 34.1 0.815 -11.206
0.0895 40.0 1.343 -10.678
∆Hdis CdCl2 (cal/g) 50.0 2.239 -9.782
462.50 60.0 3.135 -8.886
∆Hdis H2O (cal/g) 70.0 4.030 -7.991
340.09 80.0 4.926 -7.095
∆Hf CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) 90.0 5.822 -6.199
100.0 6.717 -5.304
-814.61
120.0 8.509 -3.512

Tabla 6. Líneas isotérmicas Tabla 7. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2·H2O

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/mol) T (ºC) xCdCl2
0.803 -28.895 0.0 0.9105
0.0
0.9105 -14.260 10.0 0.9105
0.803 -28.105 20.0 0.9105
10.0
0.9105 -13.365 30.0 0.9105
0.803 -27.316 34.1 0.9105
20.0
0.9105 -12.469 40.0 0.9105
0.803 -26.526 50.0 0.9105
30.0
0.9105 -11.573 60.0 0.9105
0.8028 -26.526 70.0 0.9105
34.1
0.9105 -11.206 80.0 0.9105
0.5512 17.422 90.0 0.9105
34.1
0.9105 -11.206 100.0 0.9105
0.5826 20.299 120.0 0.9105
40.0
0.9105 -10.678
0.5688 25.211
50.0
0.9105 -9.782
0.5541 30.391
60.0
60.0
0.9105 -8.886
0.5576 35.291
70.0
0.9105 -7.991
0.5611 40.130
80.0
0.9105 -7.095
0.5668 44.798
90.0
0.9105 -6.199
0.5724 49.371
100.0
0.9105 -5.304
0.5831 58.248
120.0
0.9105 -3.512
 odinámicos
0.099 ∆Hf CdCl2 (cal/g) -507.97 ∆Hmez CdCl2 (cal/g) 16.91
1.000 ∆Hf CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) -814.61 ∆Hmez CdCl2·H2O (cal/g) 2.98
0.090 ∆Hf CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/g) -1183.93 ∆Hmez CdCl2·2,5H2O (cal/ -13.14
0.079 ∆Hf H2O (cal/g) -3799.61
(25 ºC) (25ºC) (18ºC)

Tabla 4. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2 Tabla 5. Línea de solubilidad CdCl2·2,5H2O

T (ºC) xCdCl2 h (cal/g) T (ºC) xCdCl2
0.0 0.420 -4.091 0.0 0.803
10.0 0.597 6.412 10.0 0.803
20.0 0.596 11.010 20.0 0.803
30.0 0.515 15.137 30.0 0.803
34.1 0.551 17.422 34.1 0.803
40.0 0.583 20.299
50.0 0.569 25.211
60.0 0.554 30.391
70.0 0.558 35.291
80.0 0.561 40.130
90.0 0.567 44.798
100.0 0.572 49.371
120.0 0.583 58.248

olubilidad CdCl2·H2O
h (cal/mol)
-14.260
-13.365
-12.469
-11.573
-11.206
-10.678
-9.782
-8.886
-7.991
-7.095
-6.199
-5.304
-3.512
de solubilidad CdCl2·2,5H2O
h (cal/g)
-28.895
-28.105
-27.316
-26.526
-26.202
Tabla 1. Datos bibliográficos Tabla 2. Cálculos
T (ºC) m (mol/kgH2O) T (ºC) m (mol/kgH2O) Xmásica
S·4H2O S·4H2O
-10 4.12 -10 4.12 0.430
S·2,5H2O + S·4H2O S·2,5H2O + S·4H2O
-6 4.6 -6 4.6 0.457
S·2,5H2O S·2,5H2O
0 4.95 0 4.95 0.476
10 5.55 10 5.55 0.504
20 6.22 20 6.22 0.533
30 7.00 30 7 0.562
S·2,5H2O + S·H2O S·2,5H2O + S·H2O
34.1 7.40 34.1 7.4 0.576
S·H2O S·H2O
40 7.40 40 7.4 0.576
60 7.47 60 7.47 0.578
80 7.66 80 7.66 0.584
100 8.04 100 8.04 0.596
120 8.80 120 8.8 0.617
Tabla 3. Pesos moleculares Tabla 5. Líneas de equilibrio
P.M. CdCl2 (g/mol) 183.298 T (ºC) Xmásica
P.M. CdCl2·H2O (g/mol) 201.317 S·2,5H2O + S·H2O
P.M. CdCl2·2,5H2O (g/mol) 228.317 34.1 0.576
P.M. CdCl2·4H2O (g/mol) 255.378 34.1 0.803
34.1 0.910
Tabla 4. Rectas de hidratos S·2,5H2O + S·4H2O
T (ºC) Xmásica -6 0.457
CdCl2·4H2O -6 0.718
-20 0.718 -6 0.803
-6 0.718 Hielo + S·4H2O
CdCl2·2,5H2O -10 0
-20 0.803 -10 0.430
34.1 0.803 -10 0.718
CdCl2·H2O
-20 0.910
120 0.910 Tabla 6. Descenso crioscópico
CdCl2 T (ºC) Xmásica
-20 1.000 0 0
120 1.000 -10 0.430

Tabla 7. Eutéctico
T (ºC) Xmásica
-20 0.430
-10 0.430
 120

2O ·H
100

CdCl2
Salmuera
+
CdCl2·H2O
80

Salmuera

60
CdCl2
+
T (ºC)

CdCl2·H2O
40

2O
H
20

2,5
Salmuera CdCl2·2,5H2O

l2 ·
+ +

C
Cd
CdCl2·H2O
CdCl2·2,5H2O
0 CdCl2·4H2O
Hielo+Salmuera
Salmuera +CdCl2·4H2O CdCl2·4H2O
+
Hielo+Eut Eut+CdCl2·4H2O CdCl2·2,5H2O
-20
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

X (peso)