NERACA MASSA

1. Neraca massa pada reaktor CSTR

 Reaksi Utama
H2SO4
C3H6O + H2O C3H8O2

Propilen oksida Air Propilen glikol

 Diketahui
Rasio mol Propylene oxide : air = 1 : 20
%konversi propylene oxide = 99%
BM Propylene oxide = 58 Kg/kgmol
BM H2O = 18 Kg/kgmol
BM Metanol = 32 Kg/kgmol
BM H2SO4 = 98 Kg/kgmol
BM NaOH = 39 Kg/kgmol
 Kemurnian propylene oxide 99,9% volume dengan air sebagai impurities
sebesar 0,1% volume
 Diketahui
% Volume propylene oxide = 99,9%
𝜌 propylene oxide = 0,823 g/ml
Basis = 1 liter larutan (volume larutan)
 Massa larutan = V larutan × 𝜌 larutan
𝑔 1000 𝑚𝑙
= 1 L × 0,823
𝑚𝑙 1𝐿

= 823 g
= 0,823 kg
 % volume air = 100% - % Volume zat utama
= 100% - 99,9%
= 0,1%

 Massa air = Volume air × 𝜌 air

= (%volume air × Volume larutan) × 𝜌 air
0,1 𝑔 1000𝑚𝑙
= ( 100 × 1L) × 1,027 𝑚𝑙 1𝐿

= 1,027 g
= 0,001027 kg

 Massa zat utama = Massa larutan – Massa air

= 0,823 kg – 0,001027 kg
= 0,822 kg

𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑧𝑎𝑡 𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑎

 % Berat propylene oxide = × 100%
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑛
0,822 𝑘𝑔
= 0,823 𝑘𝑔 × 100%

= 99,88%

99,88 𝑘𝑔
 Massa Propylene oxide = × 1 𝑗𝑎𝑚
100

= 0,9988 kg/jam

𝑘𝑔
99,88
𝑗𝑎𝑚
 Mol Propylene oxide = 𝑘𝑔
58
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 0,017220689 kgmol/jam

 % Berat air dalam propylene oxide = 100% - 99,88%

= 0,12%
 0,12 𝑘𝑔
 Massa air dalam propylene oxide = × 1 𝑗𝑎𝑚
100

= 0,0012 kg/jam

0,0012 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚
 Mol air dalam propylene oxide = 18 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 6,666666667 × 10-5 kgmol/jam

 Kemurnian H2O sebagai bahan baku adalah 100%

 Mol air = 20 × mol propylene oxide
= 20 × 0,017220689 kgmol/jam
= 0,34441378 kgmol/jam

𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
 Massa air = 18 𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 0,34441378 𝑗𝑎𝑚

= 6,19944804 kg/jam

 Kemurnian H2SO4 98% berat dengan air sebagai impurities sebesar 2%

berat. 0,1% dari berat air ditambahkan sebagai katalis.
0,1
 Massa H2SO4 = 100 × 6,19944804 kg/jam

= 6,19944804 × 10-3 kg/jam

6,19944804 × 10−3 kg/jam

 Mol H2SO4 =
98 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 6,325967388 × 10-5 kgmol/jam

2
 Massa air = 98 × 6,19944804 × 10-3 kg/jam

= 1,265193478 × 10-4 kg/jam

 1,265193478 × 10 −4 kg/jam
 Mol air = 18 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 7,028852653 × 10-6 kgmol/jam

 Kemurnian metanol 99,9% berat dan air sebagai impuritis sebesar 0,1%.

Ratio massa Propylene oxide : metanol adalah 1:1,1 ditambahakan

sebagai pelarut.
1,1
 Massa metanol = × 0,9988 kg/jam
1

= 1,09868 kg/jam

1,09868 kg/jam
 Mol metanol = 32 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 0,03433375 kgmol/jam
0,1
 Massa air = × 1,09868 kg/jam
98

= 1,09977978 × 10-3 kg/jam

1,09977978 × 10−3 kg/jam

 Mol air = 18 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

=6,109887665 × 10-5 kgmol/jam

 Massa air total = air dari propylene glycol + air murni + air dari H2SO4

+ air dari methanol

= 0,0012 kg/jam + 6,19944804 kg/jam + 1,265193478 ×

10-4 kg/jam + 1,09977978 × 10-3 kg/jam

= 6,201874339 kg/jam
 6,201874339 kg/jam
 Mol air total = 18 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 0,344548574 kgmol/jam

2. Reaksi Utama
H2SO4
C3H6O + H2O C3H8O2

M 0,017220689 0,344548574 0

B 0,017048482 0,017048482 0,017048482

S 0,000172207 0,327500092 0,017048482

Propylene oxide

M = 0,017220689 kgmol/jam

B = 0,99 × 0,017220689 kgmol/jam

= 0,017048482kgmol/jam

S = 0,017220689 kgmol/jam - 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

= 0,000172207 kgmol/jam

Air

M = 0,344548574 kgmol/jam

B = 0,99 × 0,017220689 kgmol/jam

= 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

S = 0,344548574 kgmol/jam - 0, 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

= 0,327500092 kgmol/jam
 Propylene Glycol

M = 0 kgmol/jam

B = 0,99 × 0,017220689 kgmol/jam

= 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

S = 0 kgmol/jam + 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

= 0,017048482 kgmol/jam

NERACA MASSA

Komponen input Out put

Kg/jam Kgmol/jam Kgmol/jam Kg/jam Komposisi (%)
Propylene oxide 0,998799962 0,017220689 0,000172207 0,009988000 0,120256878
air 6,201874332 0,344548574 0,327500092 5,895001654 70,97662404
Propylene glycol 0 0 0,017048482 1,295684640 15,60021981
H2SO4 0,006199448 0,000063260 0,000063260 0,006199448 0,074642200

Metanol 1,098680000 0,034333750 0,034333750 1,098680000 13,22825707

Total 8,305553742 0,396166273 0,379117791 8,305553742 100