AS FÓRMULAS COMEÇAM NO CIFRÃO DUPLO E TERMINA NO CIFRÃO

DUPLO

EXERCÍCIOS 1 (PÁG. 6)
1.
$$
3\times6=18=\frac{36}{2}=\frac{1+1+\cdots +1+1}{2}
$$

2.
$$
\frac{\frac{2}{7}+\xi }{x-\frac{1}{\sigma }}
$$

3.
$$
\sum \omega\chi \rho \alpha \tau o\upsilon \varsigma\,
foi\,um\,folosofo\,grego\,\,extremamente\,importante.
$$

EXERCÍCIOS 2 (PÁG. 11)

1.
$$
\mathbb{N}\subset \mathbb{Z}\subset \mathbb{Q}\subset \mathbb{R}\subset
\mathbb{C}
$$

2.
$$
\mathbb{C}\setminus \mathbb{R}\neq\varnothing
$$
3.
$$
\left ( f\circ g \right )\left ( x \right )=f\left ( g\left ( x \right ) \right ),\forall x\in X
$$

4.
$$
\left ( p\Rightarrow q \right )\Leftrightarrow \left ( \left ( \neg\,p \right )\vee q \right
)
$$

EXERCÍCIOS 3 (PÁG. 15)

1.
$$
x^{10-3}
$$

2.
$$
\widehat{f-g}\left ( x \right )\times\,h(\hat{y})
$$

3.
$$
\vec{F_{2^{n}-1}}-\vec{F_{2^{n-1}}}
$$

4.
$$
\underbrace{a+b+\overbrace{c+\cdots +x+y+z}^{23}}_{26}
$$
EXERCICIOS 4 (pág. 22)
1.
$$
{f}'\left ( x_{0} \right )=\lim_{x\rightarrow x_{0}}\frac{f\left ( x \right )-f\left ( x_{0}
\right )}{x-x_{0}}
$$

2.
$$
\zeta \left ( z \right )=\frac{\Gamma \left ( 1-z \right )}{2\pi i}\oint_{\gamma
}\frac{u^{z-1}}{e^{-u}-1}du
$$

3.
$$
\gamma =\lim\left ( \sum_{j=1}^{n}\frac{1}{j}-\ln\,n \right )
$$

4.
$$
\sum_{j=1}^{\infty }\frac{1}{j^{x}}=\prod_{p\in \left \{ primos \right \}}\frac{1}{1-p^{-
x}}
$$

5.
$$
\left ( K\oplus L\right )_{n}=\underset{p+q=n}{\bigoplus}K_{p}\oplus L_{q}
$$

(Pág. 29)
QUESTÃO 1
$$\bar{R^{4}}\eta \bar{R}=\bigl(\begin{smallmatrix}
1 & 0\\
1 & R^{4}
\end{smallmatrix}\bigr)\bigl(\begin{smallmatrix}
-1 &0 \\
0&I
\end{smallmatrix}\bigr)\bigl(\begin{smallmatrix}
1 &0 \\
0&R
\end{smallmatrix}\bigr)= \bigl(\begin{smallmatrix}
-1 &0 \\
0& I
\end{smallmatrix}\bigr)=\eta$$

QUESTÃO 2
$$e^{uB3}=\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty }\frac{1}{n!}\left ( \frac{u}{2} \right
)^{n}\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0\\
0 & -1
\end{bmatrix}^{n}=\begin{bmatrix}
e^{\frac{u}{2}} & 0\\
0& e^{\frac{-u}{2}}
\end{bmatrix}\in SL\left ( 2,\mathbb{C} \right )$$

QUESTÃO 3
$$\left\{\begin{matrix}
x{}'+\sigma x-\sigma y=0\\y{}'+\sigma x+u+xz=0
\\ z{}'+bz-xy=-b\left ( r+\sigma \right )
\end{matrix}\right.$$

QUESTÃO 4
$\begin{eqnarray*}
A^{-\alpha }A^{-\beta }&=& \frac{1}{\Gamma \left ( \alpha \right )\Gamma \left (
\beta \right )}\int_{0}^{\infty }\int_{0}^{\infty }t^{\alpha -1}s^{\beta -1}e^{-A\left (
t+\alpha \right )}\\
&=&\frac{1}{\Gamma \left ( \alpha \right )\Gamma \left ( \beta
\right )}\int_{0}^{\infty}e^{-Au}\left ( \int_{0}^{u}t^{\alpha -1\left ( u-t \right )^{\beta
-1}dt} \right )du\\
&=&\frac{1}{\Gamma \left ( \alpha \right )\Gamma \left ( \beta
\right )}\int_{0}^{\infty}u^{\alpha +\beta -1}e^{-Au}\left ( \int_{0}^{1}z^{\alpha -
1}\left ( 1-z \right )^{\beta -1}dz \right )du\\
&=&A^{-\left ( \alpha +\beta \right )}
\end{eqnarray*}$