yoursmahboob.wordpress.com haranee Wat for general y competitions (~N J c as P S a oot aramMouns . we Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob. wordpress.com | | | Deitested to my damper » Created by Animesh downloaded from yoursmahboob Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com Preface There are‘only @ few books on Advance Maths available in the market to deal with the requirements of the students of competitive exam but with the questions solved in traditional manner. Those books fail to give that cutting edge to the aspirants that help them give a tough fight to their competitors and most of them are even full of errors. Ialways felt that in thé field of Government Jobs, the competition ends up finding who gets the best guidance and not who is the best. When it comes to solving maximum number . of questions in minimum amount of time, the conceptual short tricks play the ‘ most important role. Although in Advance Maths, concepts are paramount but conceptual short tricks have been developed by me to save time, the most precious thing in the world of competition. In my endeavour, Ritu Khatri, Bs Rahul Choudhary , Pawan Yadav and Anas Wasim worked dedicately and tirelessly and without their help this book wouldn't have seen the light of day. . JSinczrely thank all my students too who encouraged me to write this book. Their constructive feedback and suggestions are most welcome which have always remained and will remain my guiding light. I will be highly obliged if you message/ mail me your feedback or suggestion on paramount. no1@gmail.com i Rakesh Yadav April 15, 2014 Created by Animesh downloaded from yoursmahboob Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com Contents Chapter - 01 Indices and Surds 1 - 35 Chapter - 02 Linear equation in two variables 36 - 41 Chapter- 03 Graphic representation of straight lines 42 - 58 Chapter.-04 Co-ordinate geometry 59 - 77 Chapter-05 Polynomials 78 - 86 Chapter-06 Mensuration: I (Area and Perimeter (2D) 87 - 115 Chapter -07 Mensuration- II (Area and Volume‘(3D) 116 - 149 Chapter-08 Algebric Identities - 150 - 184 Chapter-09 Line . 185 - 198 Chapter- 10 Triangles 199.- 212 Chapter-11 Quadrilaterals 213 - 242 Chapter-12 Centre of Triangles : 243 - 262 Chapter - 13 Triangles, Congruence and Similarity 263 - 280 Chapter - 14 Circles, Chords and Tangents 281 - 330 Chapter-15 Trigonometric ratios 331,- 360 Chapter - 16 Trigonometric Identities 361 - 394 Chapter-17 Maximum and Minimum value of ‘Trigonometric functions 395 - 403 Chapter-18 Trigonometry, Circular Measurement of Angles 404 - 413 Chapter- 19 Height & Distance 414. 448 Created by Animesh downloaded from yoursmahboob__..-- Scanned by CamScannerINDICES AND SURDS yoursmahboob.wordpress.com Before we proceed to exponents (In- dices) and surds, it is proper to learn about Real numbers. Number System Natural Numbers : These are the numbers (1, 2, 3, ....etc) that are used for counting. In other words, all positive integers are natural numbers. The least natural number is 1 but there is no largest natural number. The set of natural number is denoted byN. Thus, N= 1, 2, 3,....-4 Whole Numbers : The set of numbers that includes all natural numbers and the number zero are called whole numbers. The set of whole numbers is denoted byW. Thus, W = (0, 1, 2, 3, sss} Note : Whole numbers are also called as “Non-negative Integers”. Integers : All the natural numbers, zero, (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) ‘and the the negatives of natural numbers are called integers. I= -3, -2,-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...4} Set of negative integers = {-1, -2, -3, sane} Set of non-negative integers = {0, 1, Set of non-positive integers = {0, 1, Note: ‘0’ is definately a non-negative integer as well as a non-positive integer. ia Rational numbers : The numbers which can be expressed in the form of 2, where p and qare integers and q q#0 are called rational numbers and their set is denoted by Q. 12 3 6 eg 45’ 7” 6 (as 6-2 ete are rational numbers. The set of rational numbers encloses the set of integers and fractions. Representation of Rational Numbers as Decimals : The decimal form of a rational number is either terminating or non-terminating. 21 17 . 77425, aa > terminating (or finite) decimal. u =53, a 03 _> Non-terminating (or Recurring) decimal. Note: If the denominator of a rational number has no prime factors other than 2 or 5, then and only then it is expressible as a terminating decimal. Irrational numbers ; The numbers which when expressed in decimal form are neither terminating nor repeating decimals are called “ Irrational numbers”. 8. ¥2,¥3,V50,V7, # ete Created by Animesh Atrance MGW fOSEY TrOnTyoursmahboob— 2] Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com ' 22 Note: The exact value of 7 is not >> as is rational while 7 is irrational. 2 is the approximate value of x. Similarly 3.14 is not an exact value of 7. O Real numbers : All rational and irrational numbers together form the set of real numbers, denoted by R Thus, every natural number, every whole number, every integer, every rational number and every irrational number is a real number. Note : The sum (or difference) of a rational and an irrational number is irrational. eg. (++5)6-5)(2-v} +0 etc. are all irrational. The product of a rational and an irrational number is irrational, €.8.43» 25 ete. are all irrational. O Even and Odd numbers : Integers divisible by 2 are called even numbers, while those which are not divisible by 2 are known as odd integers. Thus, ......, 6, -4,-2, 0, 2, 4, 6, ......ete. are even integers. And °5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, ....ete @) (ii) are odd integers. Prime numbers : A number greater than 1 is called a prime number, if it has exactly two factors, namely 1 and itself. Scanned by CamScanner 2 2,3, 5, 7, 11, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, a 23, 47, 53, 59, 61, etc. 4, 2 is the only even number which ig prime. : (0 Composite numbers : Composite numbers are the numbers greater than 1 which are not prime. e.g. 4, 6,9, 14, 15, etc. Note: 1 is neither prime nor composite, There are 25 prime numbers between numbers 1 & 100. Test for Prime Numbers : Let xbea given number and let k be an > integer very near to Vx s.t. kovx, If x is not divisible by any prime number less than k, then xis prime, otherwise, it is not prime. E.g.: Check whether 571 is prime or not ? clearly, 24 > 571 So, we divide 571 by each prime number less than 24 which are 2, 3, 5,7,9, 11, 17. 19, and 23. we find that 571 is not divisible by any of them. So, 571 is a prime number. Co-Prime Numbers : Two numbers are co-prime, if their H.C.F (Highest common factor) is 1. E.g. (2, 3), (3, 13), (5, 7) etc are co-prime numbers. Q Perfect Numbers : If the sum of divisors of a number excluding N itself is equal to N, then Nis calleda perfect number. +6, 28, 496, 8128 etc, For 6, divisors are i, 2 and 3. 6:14+24+3=6 28:14+24+44+7414=28 Note: The sum of the reciprocals of the divisors of a perfect number including that of its own is always equal to 2. oO Ey by Animesh OMY Gul SMa Ooe Concept is Paramount 4yoursmahboob.wordpress.com E.g. For 6, divisors are 1, 2 and ortant terms : 6434241 129 1, Identity element of Addition : 0° 6 6 (zero) is called identity element of 9 Simplification : In simplification an addition as Addition of ‘O’ in any expression, we must remove the number does not affect that number. brackets strictly in the order (), {}, [] e.g. x+0=x(xeQ) and then we must apply the g, Identity element of Multiplication operations : - : ‘1’ is called identity element of Of, Divison, Multiplication, Addition multiplication as multiplication of and S for Subtraction. “/’in any number does not affect that Remember : - ‘BODMAS’ where B number. stands for bracket, O for of ; D for eg xxl=x division; M for multiplication, A for 3 Inverse Element of Addition/ addition and S for Substraction Negative element of Addition/ strictly in this order. Additive Inverse : Note : ‘Of means multiplication. The number is called “Additive O Division Algorithm : - 7 inverse” of a certain number, when Dividend = (Divisor x Quotient)’ + it is added to the certain number and Remainder ; It becomes 0” (zero). 2. Moduls'or Absolute value : Peeea=one teero} ‘The absolute value of a real number ae Here (-x) is Additive’ inverse of x. X is denoted by the symbol |x| and (jj) (9) + (-9) is Additive inverse of 9 is defined as - 4. Inverse Element of Multiplica- ‘x, if x>0 tion/Reciprocal| Element/ Ixl=}-x, if x<0 . Multiplicative Inverse: 0, if x=0 ‘The number is called “Multiplicative inverse” of a certain number, when the product of number and multiplicative inverse .is]: [5] =5, |-5] =-(5)= In multiplication and division, when both the numbers carry similar sign, we get positive sign in the result, otherwise we get negative sign in the result i.e! . (#)x (4) = (xO) 1 Here, = is multiplicative inverse of ‘e O Indices and Surds : - > Let n be a positive integer and'a be a realnumber, then : = + a" axaxax (afactors) « xa, a® is called “n® power of a” or ‘a raised to the power n” Created by Animesh Advance Meh VINGer eee te " Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com i dn is where, a is called the base an called index or exponent of the power a. E.g. 3? = square of 3, 3° = cube of 3 etc. O - Laws of Indices : 1. a®x a®=a™*where az0 and (m, njel 2 ama" xa? mnt Poon a™" if mon at —_ if n>m 1 ifm=n 4. (ars a™ = (ary 5. gM = gman times (gmy™ 6. (abj=arb a 7 (2 (3) «n _[a", when n is even ee Ge) -[ ®, when n is odd Remark : These rules are also true when n is negative or fraction. 10. a1 = al/ax> = (a1!) p is positive integer, q 0 =alixa lax O Ifthe index of a power is unit ( ie.1) then the value of the power is equal to its base, i.e. al=a,0!=0 @ = a®=a" >m=nwhenaz0,1 @ a™=b™ >a=b @ Surd : Ifa is rational and n is a SF be0 e me positive integer and ginny ig irrational, then Yq is calleda ‘surg of order n” or “n"* root of a” For the surd Y, 0 is called the surd-index or the order of the surd and ‘a’ is called the radicand. The synbol ‘,{" ‘is called the surd sign or radical. E.g. 5 is a surd of order 2 or square root of 5 ¥6 is a surd of order 3 or cube root of 6. Ve+J5 isnota surdas 64)5 is not a rational number. Note: Every surd is an irrational number but every irrational number is not a surd. ~ Inthe surd a/b , aand b are called factors of the surd. () A surd which has unity as its rational factor (i.e. a = 1) is called “pure surd”. + 3, /2, V3 etc. (ii) A surd which has a rational factor other than unity, the other irratio- nal, is called “mixed surd”. e.g. 35, 247, SUT > If ¥@ is a surd it implies : () a isa rational number. (ii) Yq is an irrational number. > Quadratic surd : A surd of order 2 (Le. /@) is called a quadratic surd. Eg: ¥2 = 2 is a quadratic surd but V4 = 4'is not a quadratic surd because./4 = 2 is a rational number. Created by Animesh” is not a surd. _ 2 —gowntoadiext ttemr-yeussiaalaQQoe, paramount Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com + Cubic Surd : A surd of order 3(.e. Yq) is calléd a cubic surd. E.g: ¥ is a cubic surd butYg7 is not a surd becausé 27-3 number. > Quartic or Biquadratic surd : A surd of order 4 (ie, 4a) is called a quartic is a rational surd. E.g.: 5 isa quartic surd but {gj is not a quartic surd. Note : Each surd can be represented on the number line. Important Formulae Based on Surds : @ ta=a i) Yabava.ve wo $E wi € (iy Wa-"Va = Wa Way" =@yr"=(0")"" Ya" i) JaxJa=a (vil) Jaxvb=Jab and ka x."/b =kIVa.Yb =kL™Va™b" (viii) /o?5 = avd (x) (a+vb) =a+b+2Vab @) (a=vbP=a+b-2Vab (xi) Wa+vb)xWa-Vb) = a-and b are positive rational numbers. Asurd is in its simplest form if: . (i) “There is no factor which has n® power of a rational number, under the radical sign whose index is n, ‘Advance -Maths- Grededda a-b,where (ii) ‘There is no fracrtion under the radical signi, and- (iii) The index of the surd is the smallest possible. E.g. The surd 43,54 is notin its diimptest form since the number under the radical sign has factor 5* s.t. its index is equal to the order of the surd, Its simplest form : . fxs" 43.45" =(¥3)(6)=5. (5) Similar or like Surds : Surds hav- ing same irrational factors are called “similar or like surd” . E.g.: 33, 7V3, 24, 48 etc.are similar surds O Unlike Surds : Surds having no-common irrational factors are called “unlike surds”. 3N3,.5V3, 6/7, etc, are unlike surds. +: Comparison of Surds : (i) Iftwo surds are of the same order, then the one whose radicand is larger, is the larger of the two. Eg: Vi9>¥5, V7>V5, ¥9>V7 etc. (ii) Iftwo surds are of distinct order, we change them into the surds of the same order. This order’ is the L.C.M. of the orders of the given surds. E.g. Which. is larger /2 or ¥3 ? Sol. Given surds are of order 2 &.3 respectively whose L.C.M. is 6. Convert each into a surd of order 6, as shown below : 13 , AB =2N2 2923 9916-03)" = (95-98 3 a3" 233°? 2532/6 =) =99 dase LeSn - downloaded from varamahboob Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com Clearly; §9>48, so, ¥3>v2 > Rationalisation of Surds : If the product of two surds is rational, then each of them is called the (R.F.) rationalising factor of the other. SVT x7 = SV 7x7 25x7=35. V7 is arationalising factor of 547° > Rationalising factor (R.F.) of the surd is tb Ya is ha. > RF.ofthesurd Ja 1vb is Ja zvb- Be, (G8) (A) =(08)' -(a)' 23-221 2\5-V3)isa RF.of ¥3+v2 , Note: The R.F. of a given surd is not unique. Some Useful Results : Gf yayxt Vet Ve tnnnoo andx=n(n-+1) then y= (n+ 1) Ege y=Viee2ioenw we have x= 12 = 3x4 =n(n+1) oys4 ; (i) if yodx-vx- © and x = n(ntl)-. | then y=n Eig) y=V12-vl2-i2: we have, x= 12 = 3x4 = nint1) “yas. : > -Square-root of an Irrational num- ber: As we know that, (a+b)?= (a?+b?)+2ab sMeif= 3 safe, (tab) Gab) downloaded fro 1542V6 =54202¥3 «a =V2&b=5 (2ab) ka thas 1 546-245) 2a=V5426 =a Examples? () 7243 =V7—2xaxgy " Ly ab & at+b?=2?+ 3? =7 =(2—V3) =(2-¥3) (ii) s—svt for making it 2ab 3V7)x2 __[10-2x3xV7 2 2 Re ; Note :- In these type of questions there is maximum possibility of having answer '2', For eg. Q5,9m & 10 (you can observe it} Useful Result ’ : 4Jab If x=. ———= OR Ee x42Va , x42Vb : x-2Ja x—2yb 2 (i) sits 2900 : J “Tare ta | x+Vb x-Va xb? e+ —___Crreated by Animesh TTY Ctitsirahtseale:s paramount Scanned by CamScanneree” yoursmahboob. eres com Exercise oo 8. 90 +/i2 is equal to: 1. 245 +4V5-3V5 is equal to: (@) 32 0) 25 +23 fa) 6v5. ©) a5 (c) 5v2 @ 240 ws @ 5 3 gloom ep . The value of 7° is : 2. if x= Vi1+ ¥8+V289, then xis equal S ce to: (a) 4 © 8 fa) 4 (0) 2 () 20 @ 16 © 2 @ 8 86x50 3, 2% is equal to : : 10. Qyga_ gn xg? is equal to: 1 () 8 ot f@ 5 fo) 19 © i6 (c) 25 (@) 95 (9 16 @ ; 11. The value of x in FE PL BP =F is: 4. If ¥x=12.3/123, the value‘of xis : 5 fa) 0.1 (bo) 1 @ 3 fe) 1 (©) 10 (@ 0.01 7 1 5. The value of © 3 @2 CE () 3+2V8 @3 . () 40 (@) 33 6. The value of (32)°"°x (32) is: * 13. ‘The least’prime number is : 1 f@)_0 1 (a) 2 o>. () 2 @ 3 1 14, Which of the following is a correct @ + @ 3 statement : (a) Sum of two irrational numbers is always irrational. ey" (2) (0) Sum of rational and an irratio- 81 7 7. The value of 9 216 nal number is always rational. : () ‘Square of an irrational number f@) “ (0) er is always rational. (@ Sum of two rational numbers cin 16087 - never be an integer. a) (@ None of these advance mati mee PY Animesh ____ ry seanee ™ownloaded trom yoursmahboob e Scanned by CamScanner15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. yoursmahboob.wordpress.com Ifnisa natural number, then Jn is: always a natural number always a rational umber always an irrational number Sometimes a natural number and sometimes an irrational number. 2a3y/5 (25) eat: fa) ) () @ | bo) Rl fa) @ 5 @ 2 Which is largest amongst ¥4,98,andJ2 ? @ © (@) can't be determined 0) 35 Tevaive oct (a) 2 © 3 © 9 @ ll FAS FB) ate. 47-45 W745 is equal to: (@) 247-35 ) 27 43V5 () 12 @2 217+48+J256 =? (a) 14 16 () 144 @ 1s~ ¥1.21-J.01 is equal to : (a) 0.99 1 ©) Vi2 @ 82 22. 24. 26. If (0.04% 0.4% = 04% 0.04%, they Oe zi (a) 0.016 () 0.16 @ 1 @) 16 7081 x.484 _ : ¥-0064x6.25~* @) 9 () 0.9 © 99 {d) 0.99 : 3 The value of 755g is: 1 3 @ io © i @ 1 (@) 10 . Which one is smallest ? 43,92, and ¥4- fa) V3 0) ¥ © 2 @ V2 If JI5 =3.88, then /5/3 is: (@) 1.68 () 1.59 {c) 1.43 (@) 1.29 (21° a a =(21)", then value of xis: (@) 8.83 (b) 1.54 (©) 9.32 @ 189 ~ ¥0.00121 16 . 5 fa) 16> we () 15> iW None of these Created by Animesh Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com =f} 29. If J3" = 81, thenn=? 37. Lyon terms fa) 2 4 5) () 6 @s le) } 30. The value of ¥JG,o00061 is : (a) 0.02 (b) 0.2 () 20 z (@)_ None of these @ @ ) 3 a Here - (©) gn Hey 38. eee then the value (4) 3?%en f@) 3 o) 5 (7 @9 of 6xwill be 32, Kgrara > 2 fo! a . @ | OG 3) () 13 @) 6 1 1 39, Ifa¥?= 11, then the value of a? - 331 @ 5 @ 5 awill be: . (a) 1331331 () 1331000 33. If {2x-7 -3=0, the value of xis : () 1334331 (@) 1330030 (a) 8 (b) 250 () 120 (@) 125 34, The value of expression fz, fu 1 40. If yu x3 and x + y = 10, the py (b+e-a) ¢_ )(c+a-b) gy (a+b-c) value of xy will be : El i} i: sae in a ia () 16 @9 fa) xe @1 41, 273-27 - 271is the same as : (o) xno (@) x (a) 28 (b) 2” 1 \ () 27 (@) 2” 35. a ee Tx 49, Vx yy =,/xy is true only when = (a)x>0,y>0 1+ xo 4 xlo) (b) x>O and y<0 fa) 0 oy (co) x0 i @ (@) All of these 14 43. If f1S625= 125, find 36. xy a lta®¥ 14a? V156.25+-/1,5625-V0.01562E: (a) 0 (1 (a) 13.625 (b) 13.6 1 aeys () 12.5 (@) 2.375 az (@) a**v*e Advance HON AT OAKES Iron! YO Scanned by CamScanner Created by Animesh 7 ursmanboonoyoursmahboob.wordpress.com 373)" 7g \2et a 44, Ifa,b are rationals and av2 + by3 = si. u(3) (3) E () then dig i V98 +-/108 - /48 -/72 ,then the equal to: values of a, b are respectively : (a) -2 (b) 2 (a) 2,3 - (b) 1,2 () -1 1 () 1,3 (d) 2,1 ft os 45, Find the value of : 52, For what value(s) ofa x+i/R+q? g 1 : "z 7 5 Seasza: perfect square ? 73° Be 1 I 3 @) +7 ) 45.. (@) 3Wac3 ©) 23 1 A ©) 6 @ 3 -5 ee : 46. Find the value of [494 Jo/ai is: B3 amtye BB 5, F > f@ 9 on 88. aE andy Bag hen () 7 @ Vin y) equals : f@) 8 b) 16 V2 xN363 7S | 4 The value of Fe i: © ais @ 205 +3) 54. Which of the following numbers is the @ 2 (b) 2 least (0.5)",/0.49, ¥0.008, 0.23 45 By (@) 0.5) () 0.49 36 + og © %o.008 @) 0.23 48. If 4" = 1024, then the value of nis: (a). 5 () 8 5s. simplifies to : () 10 (@ 12 f (a) oO, (2) Geen" (xen ) 26 0) V6 . f@ 0 1 (az @ 37 ae (a xts'ver 56 By how much does (ia + via) 50. If 5/5x55 +5 9/2592, then a => exceed Qv3 +248) ? (a) 4 b)'s @ 2° () 6° @ 8 el ©) @ 3 ae Created by Animesh ‘Eel —Gownloaded TORT your GANQOOD, amount Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com LEVEL - 2 57. If ea EED BAB en ate S-W3 V5 as ne a = 18, then the value of 2 (a) 6 {b) 30 (a) 9 &) 16 ©) Vis (@) 15 ) 3 @ 8 Ifa*=b’=c*and b?=ac, theny is 58. If V3 =1.739, the value of equat to : 3+V6 ‘is: xz by 22 5V3 - 22 - 82+ 50 *** ) ez 0) ez (a) 4.899 () 2.551 () 1414 (@ 1.732 © 2xz ass 6 \2.7 cimed 2(2-x) 59. The value of B1**x(9P" Ifa*=b,b¥=candc*=a, then xyz (81)*? x(3) equals : (a) 3 (bo) 6 1 () 9 (@) 8.2 (a) abe 0) ae 60. The largest among the’numbers (0.1), o e . c) 1 V0.0121 » 0.12 and 0.0004 is: (@) None of these (a) (0.17 ) J0.0121 ‘The square root of 34. /5 is: 0.12 (a) Jo.0004 (c) (@) 0.0004 Bo Boa ote Comes oe-+ a felt ‘The square root of 742/10 is: (a) WS +2 (b) 3 +5 ©) ¥6+V0 @) 2445 BS Sz ) 1 @ 1/3 Created by Animesh Advance nae n loaded Lron,yvoursmahboob 7 Scanned by CamScannerScanned by CamScanner Jos Putsmahboob.wordpress,com : * V20420420¢.0000 =? vote Nalue of the expression (@) 2 (b) 3 V¥4+V15 +V4—Vis - Vina is: Oia @ 5 (a) natural : number 8 Jon === _ (b) a negative number @ 3 see SP (c) a non-negative number ae a 7 (@ an irrational number E S428 | 9. If lente, then the value of 2” ¥ 7eajg 72 *PNS, then dis equal xis: to: (a) 1 (a) -6 6 () 5 ne (c) -11 ia 1 10. Ifx?= 4204, then: iy Ree 18. V6V6V6.......0 =? 10 fa) 2.5 4 fa) 6 (bo) ers/se () 6 a 3 & om (@) ove 12. ee 1+ 2**3 = 2560, then xis equal — 20, [0-20-30 => (a) 12 (b). 11 (a) 4 ) 5 () 8 d) 6 (3 @ -4 18. Was V8—V7.b=V7-V6 c= J6— 21. It 5 =2.236 and J10 =3.162, then V5, then: . the value of la) arse (b) acbi8 (a) a= 18 The value of [ oy yt a Viva J2+13 3+ V4 * yee] vi20 + Vi2i| ** (a) /120 ) ‘12/2 8 (@ 10 V7J3 +12 =? @) e+) © YRS) 4p © Ve+8).. @ FR-) 9.37.3" -(27)" If. vee er a then the value of (m - n) is : @ 1 o) 2 = a 8 @ V10 +2V6 +2V10 + 2v15 is equal to: 46. a) (2 +3 -48) () (iS +5 - v2) ©) W2+/5- 43) @ (2 +v3 +45) yoursmahboob. wordpress. com We av7 +b, then the value of ais 11 4 @ 3 O-3 -47 as @ + 3a v3 ve EB Wr Behl 8 simplified to : (a) 0 (b)- 1 () V3 @ Ve vite, Vix xe =, then ies eS is eual to: fa) 1 (b) 2/03 (©). 2-V3 (@) 2 . If V2 = 1.414, the square root of v2-1. . Yar is nearest to: * (a) 0.172 (b) 0.414 (c) 0.586 (@) 1.414 The e value of Sa doa is: (@) Ve-V2 ©) Je +12 ) 6-2 @ 2-6 . Arrange the following in descending order : ¥4,/2:93,45 : @) a> >V2>93- © B>>B> lo ©) W2>93>¥a>45 Yao 395 > 2 eated by Animesh aonmlceced Troy tUtrsrrehtooob: is Paramount Scanned by CamScanner47. yoursmahboob.wordpress.com ‘The’ greatest number among V5,94,92,¥3 is: - (a) ¥4 ) WS © 5 @ v7 Teceli —Thewele 8 eal to: 1 1 (@) 5 3 (). 3 @ 3 49, 50, 51. 52. Advance Maths. wir I SFALGEL PYkauhd ‘The largest among the numbers V7 8,15 -¥3,N9 - V7, - Vis: (a) V7-V5 & 5-3 () ¥o-V7 @ fu-vo It ¥7y77V7...... = (343), then gis equal to : 2 @) FZ o) 1 © = @ 1_,—! 1 2 TE EE eee 1 sane * 551100 is equal to: fa) 10-¥99 (bo) 2-10 © 7 (@).9 5-2 : if e382, then ett = asurd a rational number but not an integer an integer an irrational number but not a surd 1 1 If x+-7 3, the value of *° + Tris: 53. (a) 123, (b) 126 (9) 113 (a) 129 2+13 2-43 54, If A= and De yya then the value of (a? + b? + ab) is: (a) 185 () 195 (c) 200 (@ 175 V3 -V2 5, _ VB +2 55. Rep = TR yg then the aR? value of Sa is: (a) 900 (e) 970 (c)_ 1030 (@) 630 56. If x=2+43, then! the value of 1 vx *yR is: (@) V3 ©) JE (©) 26 @ 6 57. If x8 then the value of Vit+x+Jl-x is: . 1 @ O we (0)... ¥3. @ 2 58. 646464... equal to: {a) 2 ) 5 () 4 @ 3 imesh downloaded from yoursmahboob Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com LEVEL - 3 The value of 329 + 14/2 +4/20-14V2 () 4 @ 14 mt (@) 20 @ 6 V5 41 If a= S35! : Bae a? +ab+b™ 2.236, then the value of a=apebu is: (a) 0.75 (b) 0.6 () 1.33 (@) 1.66 Ifx= tanta [4.4/4 , then x equals : ~ @) 3 0 WB ~ (¥B-1 Vat © =) a ( : } Find the value of x in x+2¥x42Vx42V3x = fa 1 ) 3 ) 6 @ 12 xe the vah Jeg’ the value of x+V20 x+Vi2 | x20 x—via + f@ 1 OB () 2 @ 5 Ifx= »=5—J21, then the value of _f ¥32-2x—-V21 ~* ested b (a) # o 7s) 7-8) a 05+) 7 If a=V3+V34+V3+ ©, then which of the following is true ? fa) az3 (b) 3 5 _ [5x3 _ Vis _ 3.88 Seg ety aed eric 26.) 3“\3x3~ 3 7 3 27.14) on =21F > (21°97 =(21* 321-1 => xX=1.89 24 + J24x9 28.(b)Given Exp. | 1999 arg 110 , V24 +3024 NW 224 2100 fy 12 2d oy nf Dy 2944) V3" = 31-3 (6")/? =3! arnt haa ons8 30.(b) //0.000064 = ¥/0.008 = 0.2 i (er) } ery re 31.(a) erin tn - “for nae (aay “Cs = 9) 7") 32,(e) (syne yeu) col sete) a) 33.0). Y8x-7-3=0 => Y2x-7=3 = (¥2x-7) 34.) Given Exp. = (af (geno (arayer9 b-c-ab+ca ye gore beta ya? bt aerbe '—¢?— ab +. case*-a*-berab+a?—b?-2crbe =x=1 35.(c) Given Exp. 1 1 =—S— + > a x? xt x ee ee x x x! xt x xt x4 xP exe teh ext xa Pat xt axa xe fear breccl a x EXP Ex! 36.(b) Given Exp. 37.(a) az a mri = ()* Given Exp. 2x2 +2Vx—2 = 3Yx-+2-3Vx—2 38.10) Created by Animesh Aden mega PTI aCe Scanned ‘by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com 7 «ava =¥2 2 4a=1 and bY3 255 = S¥x—2=Vx+2 zl => b=2 hencea=1, b=2 +4) 3 3 +3] squaring both sides, Given Exp. 28 Ge 2) = (+ 2) 45.4) Gi = 1 3 - V3, at = 24x=52 parte x a 52 e643) 6-3) 3- + 6r= 2 a3 1 | : . 23+ 1+} (6 -V8)-2 6418) » 86) a5 115-119 =1331 3 «a? -331a =a (a-331) =1331(1331-331) = 1331x1000 = 1331000 x oat _ 10 408 fy ty = a -e°5 fex+y=10] _ 46.) 404+ JoN81 = fa04 fond 9 = 4045 = iy =3 = xy-9 4740) a 4L() 27-97-97 - P =, 27(27 - 2! ~ 1) ¥8x3x2%2%2 xVilxlix3xy5x5x7 =a" (1) <9" Vets 42,(a) For the expression to hold true, x 4% 4X 2xV7x7x3 xV2x2x3x3x7 and _y should both be positive. _ V2 xIWS x5V7 6 xl1x5 55 | 43.(a) 156.25 + /1.5625 -/0.015625 W2x7Bx6NT 4x76 28 seas fise2s [seas 48.0). V4" = (1004 2 2 _ i = Ay = 1024 100° * ¥z0000 ~ 000000 (toad) = (on) 125 125 125 in =o tan aan 2 a LO, 10 10 "100 1000 -(#] =Q)P 2" =2 = 12.5 + 1.25-0,125 = 13.625 , atta i tel ~ fe + alle - a. | 44.0) a2 +bV3 = Ja9x0 + FERS “9.0) Given Bxp. x04, gesae-a, x -VI6x3 ~ V36x2a i = xP =x! = av + bV3 = 72 + 63 = 43 — 6 vee as = xh teeta = aV2+bV3 =V2 423 Bee _Created by Animesh 2 —~sownloadied 1romr- YOU SAABQONN paramo Scanned by CamScanner omayoursmahboob.wordpress.com 2. 40.49 > (0.5)? > 0.23 > Y0.008 5.5? x5? _ oz 50. Gir Exp: a (a) Given Exp: “S373 s5(0) Expression = 3242-88 {) Expression = ~=——— cosh gi? age? ¥3-J2 V3+J2 9597? x59? 25"? _ (8 +2) -(6- 2) 5° =5"? ~ (WB +v2) (v3- v2) .a4+2=6>a=4 _3+2+2v6-3-2+2V6 3\/3)e_ 3" / IB) - (v2) 51.0) (3) (3) -(3) (given) (ay -(4) a6 « F- ——— 5 5 56.(c) Ji2+VI8 = V3x2x2+V2x3x3 ey" ee 5. 5 -. Required difference +a 3a2x-12x=-25x=-1 =2N3 +3V2 - 2V3 -2V2 = V2 sayn xe peta? =(Je) 420+) 5g 1 Clearly a=. _ WS +8) 5-5 2 Vs — V3) v5 +3, ‘hen expression =( x +4) Ries 8 ae=a =2Vi5 53a) «= 25+ BS A+ _ (5+ 3h 2 2Ve=2N15 b x=15 “¥5-V3 VS-V3 5-3 58.(a) Expression 8+2Vv15, _ 3446 oes “SB -alia — B50 Similarly, 3aJ6 ye 8 hae iB “38-43-4258 _3+v6 _V3(/3 +42) oxty=44vi5 +4-VI5 <8 ¥B+V2 V3 +2 54.(c) (0.5)? = 0.25, 0,49 =0.7 = 43 =1.732 ¥0.008 =0.2, 0.23 = 0.23 a Created by Animesh roe SW TORRIED t PORT yOu smrahbook Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com - 81)° x (9) 59.(c) Expression Oe gly 384 3168x3 os (2") Ae aMia™ xa =a"; ] =a™ 398 _ a398-178 23? = = gies gis Alternatively:- (9)*x(" _ g2xgr7 _ 97 Px) oF x9" 999-29 =9 60.(c) “.1f=0.01 V0.0121 = Y0.11x0.11 =0.11 0.0004 = 0.02 =z}_—_—Crreated hy . downloaded fro Scanned by CamScanner I LEVEL - 2 Lye) 3k = 3t-343'=18 - m-)-#=r(3)n 3227 = 3 mpxe3 1 x27 =3?=9 2.(b) Leta*=bY=c=k 2 1 1 then, a=k*, b=k’ ande=\z Now, b? =ac.-. =feF fe) fe") Ak oi one cleedtece =F 2b" 2a Sigel 4.(@) v3+V5 =JG4 Js)x2 = a © nfl | fleet “2 “VO 2a =i _ 6. fi ; 188i ft SQ) V74 210 = V7 2xaxds m =a) + (SP 425/35 WS) - Bi Animesh / Tr yOtir Srraheeels Parameat*yoursmahboob.wordpress.com (V9 + v8) (V9 +8) —i- x 610. ee ewe V9 + V8 “par Similarly, “7, Ee % =V6 +5 ‘and ad “76 a eat eee ne). (7) (7 +8) a} “er - (V6 + V5): (V5 + V4) =(9+v4)=342=5 7(a) Let x= 20 +120+/20+ = x? =20+20+204.2...0 =x? =204+x= x?-x-20=0 =>(x-5)(x+4=0)>x=5 or -4 But the given expression is positive hence its value can not be negative. value of the expression = 5 Short-cut - X= 20 +920 +-V¥20 +... but >20=4x5=n(n+1) xent1=5 (for tive sign) 8.(b) et x= ize Ji2+ Jie =? but = 12=3x4=n(n+ 1) x=n+1=4 (for= tive sign) By, x hy 28 14% Sl) yh 799 =! 97 > V700 “+ a7 28 ce Ssl+sml 1+— = = o7 Wes +97 > +o7>* 1 10.fa) Clearly, 65?= 65x65 = 4225 x lines between 64 and 65. 1.0)x = 124) 284 283 => 28214 25,29 => 25(2 +23) = 2560 => 2*(10) = 2560 = 2°=256 = (2) > x=8. © 130) «(6 a ee Similarly, b= 1 ait Vide Tes sa denominator of b > denominator of ¢ 14.(b) 3(4.032) -(3.968)* = ¥(4.032 + 3.968) (4.032 - 3.968) = ¥8x 0.064 = 32° x(0.4) =2x0.4=0.8 7 15d) 19-17=2,13-11=2,7-5=2& 5-3=2 smallest surd = Ji9 —i7 greatest surd = /§— /3 Alternatively : - , V5 + SF MIB -MAF = (M15 - 7) pew) (vio + vi7) Advance Maths: mie eGaledby,Ani mesh. downloaded from ele ‘Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpressieom ___ 2 5+2V38 ayy “Yig.l7 TTA eaiial 2 imi ——— (7 - 4/3 | Similarly, 13 - V1 = 54288 ) . oe Tals (74g JT ets ate Saige % 35 -20V3 +143 ~24 G Tae _ nee Ta thy v5 - 3 = (7 -(wa} > an "EE a _ i 11 6N3 as by3 :. largest surd = /§— /3 because its ao=ag denominator is the smallest. : bi3 = -6v3 =>b =-6 ~ 1648) farsi = axavis _ 8+2xv5¥3 er) WS+8) eae: 2 a similarly, ¥4-Vi5. 25-3 19,(c) 2 ‘. : . and ¥i2~4y5 = 24-2x4xJ5 ERS VS 2 _Ve5-2? 245-2 ND. v2. -. Given Exp, 4 8 B 25 a a 7 2 EE “5 =V2 which j is an irrational 18.(a)_ Let xi Velde yee @ squaring both sides, S¥=6r 327-6. =0 = x(x-6)=0 Six = 0orx 26 Butx = 0 -Reuquired answer =6 Let x= V6\6y6¥eJe += oe folele. Squaring both sides again, x = 66 6y6V6 Squaring both sides again; # = 6.66 /6V6 Squaring both sides again, x* = 66% 6.6. 6 Squaring both sides again, } ” a 6 6 6.6.6 Created by Ani mesh = = Glléttess2s) mLGESMANbood » ere: Concept is Paramount7 yoursmahboob.wordpress.com a - 38 (ee) a x= 62 Ve -V3 * (Yo +V3) Jo4 2 Shortcut :- WB) é-) 1 Xx" 6 F “gF “62 7 ux Where n= no. of terms. 20.(a) Let x= 29-290. =vi8 - vi2 + Vi2 +46 -Vi8 + V6 peace a oie a =246 2s for -ve sign , 2 21,0) Denominator ={ib+ q+ fm 7) Sven Exp. (28-+2x5x43) V5 -V/80 (7-228) = V10 + 2V5 +210 - V5 -4V5 3 12 x5x 98 -68-8) (s +(V3) +2 8) nape fE] -aP ae)” :. Given Exp. = Vi0 + + x ayy? ° 12 M8)... [eer] [6-91] = 3.162 +2.236 =(6+¥3)-(-v3)" 22.(c) a ee each term, sa " ; 2-43 es 2. = Be 1 (2+13) = 543 “7” ai, Oo 2B" fats) 4-3 "9-8 w5ev5-bes)es-i-3 eG Ty ato) eae 8-17 +19 -8 250) and= (4-7) x2 =V9-1=3-1-2 “yg (v3-42) . Bodxbelh 23.(a) Given Exp. = Bua” (-W2) Created by Anirledh # Advance IGOWwHCaEeet FFORN Scanned by CamScanner yeae wordpress. SOT... 7 thus, the given Expression = 2=3 27.10) (prqr} =a? a} a? ahhns a? => xyz=1 8V2 =8x1.414 =11,312 2V5 = 2% 2.236 = 4.472 6v3 =6 «1.732 = 10.392 3V7 = 3x 2.646 = 7,938 -.8V2 is the largest, 28.(a) 29.| Given Exp. 30.(d) 34 V2x3 * 53 —2V4%3 —J16x2 + Jabad i 34+V2x3 " 5V3- 413 -4)2 +518 WB +2 _VBW3 + V2 (V3 + 2) _ = V8 =1.732 (2- v3) xe 2~ 3) e eteass x 1 1 1 o +— =}. Al yt) xen 1 x xtl x41 x41 220) BF 5M 9x3 gti) nimesh : x41 ae Created b ber —~“Jownloaded aoe nmyoursmahboob.wordpress.com & GF 3 ; te2_ (B-5 silt gt? 356), Given Exp. = JE gee asi =a)” a (B48) = 5l8 2 gly V5— J * (v5 +43) from (i) and (i) x3 2 gilts =f[ 8-80-68 8-0-6 J ee sage aeyss +4 28-246 | 33.0) Given Exp. ME (x~ Y6Rq) (V25%S + V25%2) | : i i 1 Ra CEER Ore 36.0) 2°57 3-We 4- Vis = EEF) san2+ 343418 +445 (eee) [by rationalising] = (ee) a=9+i3 +18 +Vi5 (5-2) Now, V3 =1.732, V8 =2V2 =2«1.414 ox ae 8= BG =2.828, & V15 =3.87 S42 VS -2 .8=941,732 + 2.828 +3.87 =17.43 <18 = (G-5) 37d) Given Exp. . V3 - V2) = x-2N6 =5-2V6 i a a8) = ears "aT 3-2 1 34.(c) Given Exp eg Wa 8) =V5x44 a5 +58 A Va)" a =) r SoS 1 (vi2i - Vi20) V5 +3) gs : “(iat Wize) * (iat - 20) “(5 +¥3) oo =2V8 +2V3 +9-2[V5 + ¥3)-9 +(Ji2i - 4120) =0 »s¥12T-1 = 11-1510 Advance Maths- nec Reed Ay, Amimesh [27,]. downloaded from yoursmahboob Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com V7-2_V7-2 Zo 38.0) pRenaVries VND) a) Ferg "Fe va Foe = W3(7 +2x2%3) _ (7-2) 744-47 7-4 3 = V3 (2? + (v3) 422x013 Ps) aia = Wale W3P 33 MT-2 aap “wa Etats =¥2+V3, 39.(a)_ Given Exp: od Mi -al7 +6 3732383 . 1 , Faye ge Clearly, 42.{a)_ Expression = 3v2_ vB + Ve Yo+V3 Jo+J2 J3+42 ae an = 3v2 ,M6-¥8 WS nennien 7 V6 +3" V6 - V3 V6 +2 =>m-n=1 eB & && 40. (d) Wa Bae Go Expression = ig 216+a0i6 sS [Rationalising the reas =V10+ 2x28 + 2x Dade denominators] a . [eee 3B(W6—V8) 48 (VE=V2) V2 x15 42x38 x15 6-3 =) B(5 5 WAY = (3) +s +2xVOxvB4 | Se) 2xV2xV5 42x13 x¥5 BE ’ : ’ a = VBE ~ 18) JEG —2)« Jas WE BG) WB 6 116 = VI2 ~ V6 ~ 98 + V6 + V8 -4i2 -0 fat b+oP=at +b? + 02+ dab + 2b} 2ac+ =] Created by Animesh BET downloadedt tremoussti2NBO0D nnn Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com 43.(b) x8 a Vtew = fir - [2498 2 = 2 2. 2 -4 4 23 _ tex, vizx “devi+x 1-Vi-x +1, 8-1 V3 +1 43-1 a(1+34)) af:--2=) ¥B+1, Ba aoc ap= ¥+1 “Vas +1 ae 1 eee ae “Bie: 2 =1.414 Given) 1 ¥2-1_ (V2 -1)v2=1 Ya+1 Wa+i)W2-1 44,0) Now, Created by Animesh ‘Advance Math RAFFTOEIC trol! V OUTSIT Scanned by CamScanner teat 2-1 _ 7 “lea (2-1) = 2-1 =1.414-1=0.414 45.(c) eee ae 6-4 _[-2 “V5x 24 at” 5+V6x4 _[-2__| 2 _,5-2v6 “V5+2V6 \5+2N6 5-26 =a - S28) 6-3 = Pier +ba) - 25.2] = Yp3 Bf = a3 - VB) = 8 -2 46.(a) ¥4,-V2, 3, VS LCMof 8, 2,6;4=12 (ays =(a)i = (4) =(250)0" 42 =@2=0)8 = 0°) =n B20) =@h -(9}3 -os 4 = (6)i =(6)i2 =()a = (125)i8 -.(256)i3 > (125)F8 > (6417 > (9 or 94 > V5 > V2 > 93...”yoursmahboob.wordpress.com 47.(c) LCM of the orders of the surds = LCM of 2, 3, 5 and 7 = 210 1 105 8? =5210 = (1%5)z10 1 x=7 = (7t= 79-3 ee 3=1=> 3y=4 a y3 1 1 42-4 MIG Bl aie .. Expression #02 -14V8 - V2 +V4~ 84. +99 ~/98 + Vi00 —/99 =V100 -1=10-1=9 5-2 (5-2) 544-445 52.(c) 5 #3 (Baa) a = 9-4/5 ~ (822) ~2~ 103682 (whole number) etta3sa(tery Created by Animesh POM: YAMS ANDOON ..sanoi! ~(«85) =| ,| yoursmahboob.wordpress.com 1 a?+ b?+ab =a? +b? + 2ab-ab ot psa?-2=3-257 = (atb)-ab x = (14-1 1 = 196-1 and x? +55 =a? —3a= 9) —3x3=18 = 195 wttde[erdlerg}ferd 58.0) aE Be Ra 3-2 =18x7-3 =5-216 =123 43 +2 _1 : d b= =—=54+2V6 a aa 2t, lye one B= a ae 243 : [-5?-@s6) =] =1+ watb=a+t=10 a 2 ye Now, 2+ 2a? +t (:e-4) a a ee Al. F a a ay il nels Gelel-l -(a+3) -ofa+4) . = Hoye -(e+eea)-1 _, o}*-axto a . =970 1y 56. (b) x=24+3 -(a+2)-1 =(a+bP-1 =(7+4V3 +7~4V3) -1 = (14)? -1 “ ab= (74448) (7-43) = 7F- 4/3)? = 49-48 =1 Advance Maths-. ie ed.by, An ni mesh [sr] sae from: oe BH Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com Clearly, b=— 57 x= 2.(c) a ¥5+1 (V5+1) 5 Now, @ = xP) 34 vv ViFx= 1438 V5-1 (W541) 3 a 7 i . foxv3 _ 4 +2v3 Similarly, b=—>— =— 2 4 11 natbea+—=56+v5+3-B)o3 _ (Bak Ba 4 2 wfize B=! 7 7 ot x4VIHx VB +1 VB-1 (+4 a? ( i + 7 2) 7 2 . = Briel ig 58.4) Letx = 646+ 6+... but 6=2x3=n(n+1) (wheren=2) ——~ » Fa =~ D + pla] ple 4 1 =e —% \ Rj + 2 ~ “x=ntl=2 ) 2-4 LEVEL -3 - 2 Lb) Let x= $20 +142 +920 -14J2 = ws = => x) (20-4142) +(20-14y3) + alo +142) 20-142)" (Goria soins) OM EIR tai a(x -4)=Varx. : Now put the values from option only " x |: u a| 00 " ela, " a 3 _ -1 => = 40.43 (400 - 392)'/3~ => = 40 + 3(8)'5x sen Put the values fin opdao = 40 + 3x2x ion (d) satifies the conditic 2 a 40 + 6x * 4.(b) The value of x should be s.t. the 2.6x=40- LHS. = RH.S. ie. LHS after com Tar pletely removing the square 100! which is satisQirtogt ed by A ni m should be an integer i.e. = downloaded from yoursmahboob [B23] attic’ matics Where ‘Concept is paramountyoursmahboob.wordpress.com x+2Vx+2Vx+2V3x = Integer for this, first of all, /3_ should be an integer only (b) and (4) satisfy this requirement. Ifx= 12, then /3x =6 Then the next point at which we need to remove the square root sign= Jx+2V3x = 12+2x6 = J24 = Irrational no. hence, x# 12, now check the expression for x = 3, then we get LHS = RHS. : eo 2X2xV5 xV3 x 23 (0) *" 648. 5 VS +v3 foe x2 ore eee atv "20 5 +43 via ~ 5 +3 Applying compodendo & dividendo xii W8sV8 3848 “x20 W8-45 5-8 x+Vi2_V3+3V5 x-Vi2 5-3 xt 20 | x+ Vid x—¥20 * x-Vi2 -38 V5 VB +35 BS 25 -2V3 abba, (s-v3) BB” x=5—V2=5-V3N7 Similarly, 6.) Created by Animesh Adoance MatCERAPTH OAACE AT OHTT'Y-C Scanned by CamScanner _ [10-2307 =p AWB) 8 oa 8 V32-2x = V32-10 + 2V21 =Vo2+2x1xai =yh+v2iF =1+¥21 . vx “W32-= 2x -V21 Zz Ln) Given Exp: 7.(d) a=V3+a =a" =3+a>a?-a-3=0 awitvivi2 _1t 2 2 1-3 a=—3% <0 (not possible) a pi re 4.6 a 2 2 n2 : Sb a 2: tx + x-V2 2v3 _ 3¥3 +V2 ~ ¥3-J2 (By componendo and dividendo) a Similarly, 4. 22 v3 W342 = XtV3 22 4V3 +12 2B BOE 3 +3V2 ; Bis - Expression ~x+v2, 4 ktv3 x-v2* x-¥3 Gee 4 V3 8V2 “Ba ae - NS 42-8 -33 ¥3-V2 - AS-v2) v3—J2 7? Created by Animesh —Gowr Scanned by CamScanner vaced FOR YAUESTMANQOOD,, paramountyoursmahboob.wordpress.com Answer -Key LEVEL - 1 1b): 2.(@) 3.0) 4. (d) 5.(b) 6. (a) 7.(c) 8.(b) 9.(d) 10. (b) 1L() 12.(@) 13.(c) 14. (b) 15.(@) 16. (a) 17.(b) 18. (b) 19.(c) 20. (d) 21.(b) 22. (a) 23.(d) 24. (d) 25.(c) 26. (d) 27.(d) - 28. (b) . 29.(d) 30. (b) 31.(a) 32. (¢) 33.(d) 34. (b) 35.(c) 36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (c) 39.(b) 40. (d) 41.(c) 42. (a) 43.(a) 44. (b) 45.(d) 46. (c) 47.(a) 48. (c) 49. (b) 50. (a) 51.(c) 52. (b) 53.(a) 54.(c) . 55.(b) 56. (c} 57.(4) 58. (d) 59.(c) 60. (c) LEVEL - 2 l(a) 2.(b) 3.(c) 4. (a) 5.(a) 6. (c) 7.(@) 8.(b) 9.(a) 10. (a) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13.(b) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (d) 17.(a) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (a) 21.(b) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25.(b) 26. (a) 27.(d) 28. (a) 29.(b) 30. (d) 31.(c) 32.(b) 33.(b) 34. (c) 35.(c) 36. (b) 37.(@) 38. (a) 39.(a) 40. (d) 41.(b) 42. (a) 43,(b) 44. (b) 45.(c) 46. (a) 47.) 48. (a) 49.(b) 50. (c) 51.(a) — 52.(c) 53. (a). - 54. (b) 55.(b) . 56.(b) 57.(c) 58. (d) LEVEL -3 1) 2.0) 3.(d) 4.0.) 5. (o) 6.(c) 7). 80) 9..(b) 10. (d) Created by Animesh a Adoance Mepis RT SEL {FORY VOUTSManBOOD = Scanned by CamScannerLinear Equations in Two VE An equation of the form ax+ by +¢= 0 where a, b,c €R(real numbers) andaz0,b#0 and x, y are variables is called a linear equation in two variables. Examples : Each of the following equations is a linear equation : 4x+ 7y=13 2x-Sy= 36 ¥3x-VTy=2 The condition a0, b#0, is often denoted by a? + b?#0 Note: The graph of a linear equation ax + by + c= 0, isa straight line. Solution of linear equation : Any pair of values of x and y which satisfy the equation ax + by +c = 0, is called its solution. E.g.: show that x= 2 and y= 1 isa solu- tion of 2x+ 5y=9 Sol: Substituting x = 2 and y= 1 in the given equation, we get LHS = 2x2 + 5x1=9=RHS | x=2, y= Lisa solution of 2x+5y=9 System of Linear Equations : Consistent System :- A system consisting of two simultaneous linear equations is said to be consistent, if it has at least one solutions. ) (ii) (iii) 4 ‘i yoursmahboob.wordpress.com LINEAR EQUTIO Ns IN TWO VARIABLES Inconsistent System : A Sis consisting of two simultanes-, linear equations is said tg be inconsistent, if it has no solution = all. Consider the system of equatir, xt y=9 & 3x4 3y=5. Clearly, there are no values fra: ywhich may simulatneousiy sexs the given equations. So, the svsex given above is inconsistent. Conditions for Solvability : The system of equations a.x+bg+ ¢, = 0, a,x+ b,y+c, =O has: ~ b a unique solution, if Ben E.g.: (ii) an infinite number of solutims, = iceOeciy a b di ay _ bb ii ion, if —b=—be (iii) no solution, if a. bye Homogenous System The system of equations a,x* DS =O;ax+ by =0 has only solution x = 0, y = 0, #2 abr aa @) 2 (i) an infinite number of solutes lees by Aniniéte. “2 canned py Vamocanner@ (ii) (ii) yoursmahboob.wordpress.com The graphs ofa.x+ byy + =Qaxt 6 b,y + C, = Owill be: Parallel, if the system has no Solution ; Coincident, if the system has infinite number of solutions ; Intersecting, if the system has a unique solution, ~ Exercise LEVEL - 1 If 11x-13 = -2x+ 78, then x=? (a) 7 ) 8 () 6 @ 4 If 2x + 3y = 29 and y= x+ 3, what is the value of x? @) 5 m6 (0) 4 ; (a) 7. If 2x + 3y = 5 and x = -2, then the value of y is: 1 (@) 5 © 3 (ce) 1 @9 The value of x + y in the solution of . x,y_5 XS the equations [+=—5 and x Zsye1 2 ¥ 2 2 @ 5 5 3 © F @ 5 If 2x+ 3y = 12 and 3x- 2y = 5, then x and y must have the values : (a) 2and3 (b) 2and-3 (c) Sand -2 (@) 3and2 The equations ax+ b= 0 and ex+d= O are consistent, if : to, (a) ad=be (0) ad+be= () ab-cd=0 @ abtcd= The equations 2x+ y= Sand x+2y= 4 are (a) consistent and have infinitely many solutions consistent and have a unique solution. (c) inconsistent (@ none of these 0) Exercise LEVEL - 2 The cost of 2 sarees and 4 shirts is 1600 while 1 saree. and 6 shirts cost the same. The cost of 12 shirts is: (a) ¢ 12,000 (©) 248,000 (d) ¢ Can't be determined The system of equations kx - y = 2 (b) z 24,000 and 6x - 2y = 3 has a unique Soltttion when : fa)K=0 (b) K 0 ()K=3 (a)K #3 The value of y in the solution of the equation 2" = 2° =/8 is: fo. (b) ale al= 1 © > @ The solutions of the equations Bx-ytl _Qxty+2 _3xe42yt1 re Created by Animesh ; Adoance Mao THORS FONT Y OU Scanned by CamScanner10. yoursmahboob.wordpress.com Ifx+ 2y<3, x> Oandy > 0, then one of the solutions is : (a) x=-1,y=2 () x=i,yrl (a) x=0,¥= a A purse contains 25 paise and paise coins. The total amount in the purse is 78.25. If the number of 25 paise coins is one- third of the number of 10 paise coins in the purse, then the total number ofcoins (oy) x=2y=) in the purse = (a) 30 (o) 40 () 45 (@ 60 The value of k for which the system of equations x+ 2y= 5, 3x+ ky + 15= Ohas no solution, is : (a) 6 0) 6 (c) 2 @) 4 ‘The equations 2x - 5y = 9 and 8x ~ 20y = 36 have : {a) no common solution (0) exactly one common solution (c) exactly two common solutions (@) more than two common solutions The difference between two numbers is 5 and the difference between their squares is 65. The larger number is : (9 () 10 (o) 11 @ 12 The number of solutions of the equations x 2 and 2xy- 3y=-2 is: . (a) 0 2 1 (@) None of these Exercise LEVEL - 3 1f 2+ 3° = 17 and 27-31 = 5, then, fa) a=2,b-3 — (b} a=-2. bag () a=2,b=-3 d} a=3,b=0 The solution to the system of equations |x+ yl= 1 and x- y= 0 is given by; (b) x=y= oeeal (a) *=¥=> 1 1 () x=y=zorxey (@) x=1,y=0 Created by Animesh Scanned by CamScanner OM VOU ursmahboob vat Maths. Where Concept isyoursmahboob.wordpress.com Hints and Solution: LEVEL - 1 La) Llx- 13 = -2x+78 => llx+2x=78+13 = 13x=91 7.(b) 1 2(c) Putting y= x+ 3 in 2x+ 3y = 29, we get, Qx+ 3(x+ 3) =29= 2x4 3x+9=29 20. => Sx=29-9=20 eas 4 3.(b) Putting x= -2 in 2x+ 3y='5, we get; -4+3y=5= 3y=5+4=9 21a) 2 (i) 1 3.(a) .. 2x4 4y= 16000... ox+y=5 i) xt 2y=4 ) On solving we get, x= 2, y= 1 Thus (b) is true LEVEL - 2 Let cost of 1 saree = zx & cost of 1 shirt= % y (i) and x+6y= 16000 (ii) Multiplying (i) by 2 and substracting (i) from it, we get, 8y= 16000=> y= 2000 :. cost of 12 shirts = (x 2000x 12) = 24000 For a unique solution, we must have ab a," By ar dake(od | oko 6-2 2 Qe = QFN = fg =23/? 5d) 2x+ 3y * 8x-2y (x2 + (i)x 3, we get; x= 3 putting x= 3 in (j), we get 2x 3+3y = 4.(b) > . x= 3andy=2 4 => Bx-y+] _Qxty+2 3 5 5(3x-y+1)=3(2x+y +2) 9x- BY= TL sssssssll) 3x42y +1 6 2(8x-y + 1) = (3x+2y+ 1) 3x-y+ and Animesh Created b sane mat eT a Scanned by CamScanner oursmahboob =I yputting x= 1 in @) we get ( - 2 (9-6)x- 8y+ 8y=!- (a) a= gx1-8y=1 = 8y=8 yal axelyel 5.0) Here we will go through options. in option (a) x< O and in option (d) x= 0 . hence (a) and (d) can’t be the required answer because both does not satisfy the given condition i.e. x >0. YY = 36"=> 2x- Sy ng Thus, there is one equati variables. So, the given have an infinite ny solutions. ion in equatig, mber oy 9.(a) Let the numbers be x and The, Then, x-y= Sand x- = 65 solving x - y = 5 and x+ y= 13, get; * . x=9andy=4 larger number = 9 we Now option (b) x= 2, y= 1, then x+ 2y = 2+ 2(1) = 4 which is > 3 clearly, values of option (b) do not satisfy x+ 2y<3 option (c) x= 1, y= 1, then. x+ 2y=1+ 2= 3<3 So x=1, y= 1 is one of the solutions. 6.4) Let the number of 25 paise coins be x & that of 10 paise coins be y, then: yoursmahboob.wordpress om id 8x- 2 | 10.4) xtte2s+a2-x0y | y y | and 2xy- 3y=-2 2510 Fixe y8.5 bet ; gives 1-0 x+ 2y= 165_(i) This is impossible So, there is 1 1 solution. d x=y=y= ii 2 ee LEVEL - 3 1.(b) 2°+ 3=17 and putting y= 3xin (i), we get : Mee m2. Bb = 5 = 22,98-3.39°=5 5Sx+6x= 165 = lix= 165=> x= 15 * from (ii), y= 3x= 3x15 = 45 = 4.2"-3.39=5 Total number of coins in the purse let 2° = x & 3°=y then =x+y= 15445 =60 x+y=17. (i) 74a) a,x+ by+c,=0 4x- 3y=5 if a,x + by + c, = 0 will have no 3x (i) + (ii), we get tution i¢ Zt= eS} 2 Tx= 86 ax= 8270897 ° solution if —-=—-#— >.<. OL Cptya a la=3 putting x = 8 in (i), we get ed by Aninfadh 279279"? : SIM ANNOON te raramee 8.(d) The given equations are 2x-5y=9 Creat noe Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com 2 a=3andb=2. 2.(c) Note that |a] = 1 meansa=1ora= So, [xt yl=lo xt y=lor-(xt+ y= > (xty)=-1 solving x + y= 1, x- y =0, we get x 1 1 my and y=> solving x+y =- 1, x—y = 0, we get x = =1/2 and y= = 1/2 nanpeat Answer-Key LEVEL -1 1 @) 2 © 3. (0) 4 @ 5. @) 6. (a) 7 ©) LEVEL - 2 1 2. @) 3. (a) 40) 5. () 6. @ 7. (a) 8. @ 9. fa) 10. (a) LEVEL - 3 L @ 2. (c) Created by Animesh Adrenee nese tirTt CECE romt"yoursmratiooy =] Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com Graphic Represention of straight lines © Ordered Pair : A pair of numbers @ and b listed in a specific order with a at the first place and b at the second | Region place is called an ordered pair (a, b) Note that (a, b) #(b, a) Thus (3, 5) is one ordered pair and (5, 3) is another ordered pair. Cartesian co-ordinate system : © Rectangular Co-ordinate System : Let X’ OX and Y'OY be two mutually perpendicular lines through any point Oiin the plane of the paper. Point O is known as the origin. The line XOX 4 Co-ordinates of a Point ina Pane; Nature of x | Signs of andy | -ordin. ate eae ea] is called the x -axis or axis of x; the eae seat line YOY is known as the y-axis or _ @ point in a plane. asia of land this tae ines ceaios et the distance of A from the gether are called the co y-axis = p units ordinate axes or the axes of co- And, the distance of A from the ordinates. x axis = q units Then, we say that the co-ordinates of Aare (p, q). P is called the x-coordinates or abscissa of A q is called the y-coordinate, or ordinate of A. > eated-b Awpimesh downloaded from y OUFSITEAb alert ts Paramont ‘Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com . Example : Draw the lines XOX' and YOY' as axes on the plane of a paper and plot the points given below : @)_ A(3, 7) (ii) BL, 3) (iii) C5, -2) (iv) D(3, -5) Sol :Let XOX’ and YOY’ be the co-ordinate axes. Fix a convenient unit of length and starting from O, mark equal distances on OX, OX', OY and OY’, Use the convention of signs. Starting from O, take +3 units on the x-axis dnd then +7 units on the y-axis to obtain the point A(3, 7). (ii) Starting from O, take - 4 units on the x-axis and then +3 units on the y-axis to obtain the point B(- 4, 3). Starting from O, take-5 units on the x-axis and then - 2 units'on the y-axis to obtain the point C(-5, -2) (iv) Starting from O, take + 3 units on the x-axis and then — 5 units on the y- axis to obtain the point C(3, -5) a) Created by Animesh Advance MELT OBIE T ONT EY OUT SIT Scanned by CamScanner o Sol. Cordinates of a Point on the x-axis: Every point on the x-axis is at a distance of 0 unit from ‘the x-axis. So, its ordinate is zero. : Thus, the co-ordinates of every point on the x-axis are of the form (x, 0) Co-ordinate of a Point on the y-axis: Every point on the y-axis is at a distance of zero (0) unit from the yaxis: © .°, So, its absutssa is 0. Thus, the co-ordinates of every point on the y-axis are of the form (0, y). Plotting Linear Graphs : If the rule for a relation between two variables is given, then the graph of the relation can be drawn by constructing table of values. To plot a straight line graph we need to find the coordinates of at least two points that fit the rule. Graph of y= mx#c Exapmple : Draw the graph of the equation y=3x+2: Construct a table and choose simple xvalues. In order to find the y - values for the table, substitute each x - values into the rule y=3x+ 2. when x ‘=-2,y =3(2)+2 - 6+2 4 whenx =-1,y =3(¢1)+2 242 =-1 when x. =0,y =3(0)+2 =0+2=2 whenx = =l,y =3x1+2 =34+255=2y =3x =6+2=8 The table of values obt entering the values of y is a8 when x obtained after follows: Now, Draw a Cartesian plane and plot the points. Then join the points with a ruler to obtain a straight line graph. yoursmahboob. wordpress. camine Pla ,B) Then, x= @, y = B is the Unique solution of the given system of equations. Case-2 . When the lines L, and L, are coincident. Then,, given system of equations has infinitely many solutions. Solving Simultaneous Linear ***-3- When the line L, ans L, are par Equation (Graphical Method) : Let the given system of linear equations be ax+ by +e, =0 axt by+c,=0., On the same graph paper, we draw the of graph each one of the given lin. ear equations. Each such graph is always a straight line. Let the lines L, and L, represent the graph of (i) and (ii) respecitvely. Now, the following cases arise : allel. In this case, there is no com- mon solution of the givne system of equations. Thus, in this case, the given system is inconsistent. Point of Intersection of ‘Two Lines: Point of intersection of two lines can be obtained by solving the equations as simultaneous equations. Inequations Graph : Let us consider an ineqution Case -1. When the lines L, and L, Created by Animesh G2} —cowntoaded-FremyauiSanbOOb a Scanned by CamScanneryoursmahboob.wordpress.com +by draw the line dotted, otherwise mark it thick. . Step 2. Choose a point [if possible (0, 0)}, not lying on this line. Substitute its coordinates in the given inequations. If this point satisfies the given inequation, then shade the por- tion of the plane which contains the choosen point, otherwise shade the portion which does not contain this int. The shaded portion represents the solution set. The dotted line is not . . a part of the solution set, while thick | Now, consider (0, 0) put (0, 0) in the line is a part of it. given inequation. Example : Graph of the inequation 2x L-H.S=2x0-0*RHS _ ~yp1? ie. it does not satisfy 2x-y>1. Sol : Consider the equation 2x- y « So, shade the portion of the plane not =1 containing (0, 0). Shaded portion constitutes the solu- or * 4H 2] tion set. a Note : The area bounded'by |x| + |y| = ie. xintercept = 1/2 and y-intercept kis 2k’. ie. it meets x-axis at (1/2, 0) and y- axis at (0,1) Created by Animesh Advance maLOWKIN OBIAG ie anbony O Scanned by CamScanner10. yoursmahboob.wordpress.com. Exercise LEVEL - 1 ‘The point (6, -3) lies in the quadrant: (a) First (bo) Second () Third (@) Fourth :- Iéx< O andy > 0, then the point (sy) lies in”: (a) “quadrant! (0) quadrant Il (c) quadrant I (4) quadrantIV Which of the following points lies on the line y= 3x+5? fa) (2,11) &) (3, 15) () (4,19) (a) (5, 15) The co-ordinates of a point situated on x-axis at a distance of 7-units from y-axis is : (a) 7) (b) (7, 0) (e) (7,7) « @ 67,7) The co-ordinates of a point below xaxis at a distance of 8 units from acaxis but lying on y-axis is : (@) (0,8) (b) (-8, 0) () (0,-8) (a) (8,-8) ‘The point of intersection of the lines Qx+7y = land 4x+ 5y=11is: (a) (4-1) b) (2,3) (© (1,4) @ (4,-2) Which of the following points does not. lie on the line y= 2x+3'? (a) (2,7) (b) (3, 9) (c) (4,10) : (4) (5, 13) The area of AOAB with O(0, 0), A (8, 0) and B(O, 6) is: (a) 12sq. units: ~ (b) 48 sq, units i i is units (d) 24 sq, units e line 2x ~ 3y = 6 meets y-axi the point: eee (a) 2,0) (0, - (9) (0,3) ae @) (3,0) The line 4x + 7y = 12 meets vax: the point : oe (a) (c) (3, 1) fees © (0,3) (@) (4,0) Created dcannea by Vamocanner 12. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. by Ani am. yoursmahboob raph eaTequation of the ting represents : x9 (a) y-axis ® xaxig (c) origin (d) both xa and y-axis Praxis ‘The graph of the line line x= 5) allel to: S Par. (a) xaxis (0) y-axis (ce) both x-axis and y-axis (@)_ none of these . The graph of the line x = _ 3; parallel to : os (a) xaxis (b) y-axis (c) both x- axis and y-axis (@) none of these when we draw the graph of y=2, the Jine is parallel to : (a) x- axis (c) (d) . () y-axis both x- axis and y - axis none of these . 3, ll). If point | 3. ] lies on the graph ofthe equation 2y = ax+ 5, then a is equal to: (a) -2 (be) 4 () 2 @ 3 . 5).. If point {3,5 | lies on the graph of the equation 2y =ax — 5, then a is equal to: ae (@) w-5 els als (c) (0 Find the distance between: pait Points (8, 0) and (0, 6) : (a) 9 fo) 8 ()-10 (@) 10 Distance of the point(7, 24) from tH origin is : (a) 24 nfest?§ (p25 (@) 22 it Maths. Where Concept is Paramomyoursmahboob.wordpress.com 25. For what value of k will the equations 19. When we plot the points (4, 3), (0, 0) and (-4,-3) on the graph paper, then x+ 2y +6 =O and 3x+ ky + 18-0 the graph shows : represent ebincident lines ? (a) straight line (b) curve a tae a a a eee 26. The value of k for which the system 20. The equation of the line which passes of equations x + a le through the origin is : 19 = 0 has no solution is () 3x+4y=5 — (b) 3x+4y=7 hy ia a a Bo ae ese 27. The pair of linear equations a,x+ biy 21. If we plot the points (4, 3), (3, 3), +e,=Oand a,x + b,y tC, = peer U3 dy (4,3) on the graph paper, variables represents pair straigl the shape formed is : u lines which are intersecting , if : (a) parallelogram (b) rectangle a, by ()_ square (@ rhombus @ 2h 22. If the side of a figure are represented by x =2,x=-2, y= 2, y=-2 then the a bb graph shows : () ay by Gp (a) Rhombus (b) Rectangle (c) Parallelogram (d) Sqaure a, by 23. If a straight line ax + by = c meets (c) ay by Cp x-axis at Pand y-axis at Q. Then area of the triangle OPQ where O is the ayo by point of intersection of co-ordinate CL) Paecy sas catia 28. The point of the form (b, b) always lies ce 2 on the straight lines : @) ) ab f@y=b (b) x- ()x=b (a) x+ Ca c? 29. The straight lines 2x + y = 4 and (©) 35 @ oo x- 3y = 9 intersect at a point, the 24, The line passing through the points \gesuas wos etachentaua at : (3. Thana 6) fa) (3,-2) (b) (3,2) (a). cut axis only © 2-3) @ (2,3) (cute axis only 30. The value of k for which the system 7 @ (c) cuts both the axes does not cut any axes. of equations kx + y= 7, 9x+ 3y=17 has a unique solution : (a) k=3 ()ke#3 Created by Animesh Adcance MelOVTOBRER FONT Scanned by CamScanner1 yoursmahboob. wordprgss.GOMkion represen, jl Exercise LEVEL - 2 points A (-1, 2), 2) on a graph med by these When we plot the BEl, -2) and C(2, paper, the figure fo1 points is : ; (a) right angled triagnle (b) scaléne triangle () equilateral triangle (@) isosceles triangle . If ab > 0 and the point (a, 4) lies in the third quadrant in which the point (-b, -a) lies is : x (a) I ( m ® 0 @ Wv ‘The area of the triangle formed by the lines 5x + 7y = 35, 4x+ 3y = 12 abd xaxis is: 160} e ne 150 , @ yy squnit — @ Fg squnit 140 Py ©) Fy seunit — @ 10 sq. unit The area of triangle formed by the lines 3x - 6y = 12, 3x~y=3 and x-axis is : (@) 5:4 sq.units (0) 2.7 sq. uni (¢) 4.5 sq. units £9; unite (4) 3.6 sq. units Scanned by CamScanner --(Chy sx @y2x )y<-x ys~ The three vertices of AABC are 4 (2, 4), BLS, 2), C(4, 2). The area is: (@). 7sq.units ——&) 9.59. unis (c) 14 sq. units (@) 10 sq. units If we plot the point A(4, 11) andB (-2, 3) on graph, then the distance be tween’ them is : (a) 15 0) 9 () 12 (@ 10 Find the area of the region bounded by lines 3x+ 4y= 24, x+ y=2andihe, coordinate axes: ; (a) 25 sq. units {b) 24 squunils (c)_ 22sq. units — {d) 20 sq. nil Find the area of the region bount by lines 3x + 4y = 12, 6x+ sy Hh x= Oand y=0: (a) 37.5 sq. units () 31.5 sq.units (c) 25 sq. units @ 32 sq. units Created by Animesh 0dyoursmahboob.wordpress.com 10. The area of the region bounded by the lines x- y= 0, x+ 2y=O and y= 3is: (a) 17.sq. units () 6.75 sq.units (c) 27 sq. units (@) 13.5 sq. units 11., The region specified by x > 0, x+y20 includes : (a) Ist quadrant (b) 2nd quadrant (c) 3rd quadrant (@) 4th quadrant 12. The shaded region in the given fig- ure is the solution set of the inequali- tie: a Created by’ Animesh crc me TPT BETES PFO yoursmanboob Scanned by CamScanner 13. Ty oursmanboob (a) x+y< 2, x+3y>3, x20, yoo (b) x+y2 2, x+3y23, x20, yr0 () x+y> 2, x+3y<3, x50, y>0 (@) x+y<2, x+3y<3, x20, y20 Area of the rectangular region 2< x <5,-l< ys 3is: (a) 9 sq. units (c) 15.sq. unit (b) 12 sq. units (@) 20 sq. units . Graph of the inequation 2x- Sy>5 in cartesian plane is : (a) above the line 2x-5y (b)_ below the line 2x~ 5y= (c)- on & below the line 2x- 5y=5 (@ on & above the line 2x- 5y=5 Exercise LEVEL - 3 Find the area bounded by |x| + ly] =6 (a) 72 sq. units (b) 48 sq. units (c) 54sq. units (d) 84 sq. units The area of the region bounded by y= |x] -Land y= 1- |x} (a) 3sq. units (b) 4 sq. units (c) 2sq, units (@ 1sq. unit