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Lab: Knee Measurements

Purpose:The purpose of this lab is to compare the Q angle in both men and women and

determine risk of injury.

Background: Goniometry is the measurement of the range of motion in different joints. This is

important because it allows the athletic trainer to ensure that the athlete has proper range of

motion. This is important in assessing the knee because we can see how the quadriceps are

pulling on the patella. It also allows us the identify any patellofemoral pathology. Girth

measurements are usually taken to measure the growth of someone overtime. The Q angle of the

knee is a measurement of the angle between the quadriceps muscles and the patella tendon and

provides useful information about the alignment of the knee joint. With an excessively high or

low Q angle, some motions can be restricted and may cause injury.

Hypothesis: I hypothesize that the women will have a greater Q angle than the men due to a

naturally wider pelvis.

Materials: Goniometer, tape measure Procedure:

1. Define the deformities, abnormalities and conditions listed in Analysis Question #1.

2. Using your iPad find a photograph of the deformity . Copy and paste that photograph in

Analysis Question #2. Be sure to label each photograph.

3. Q Angle Measurements: For each of the people in your group, measure the Q angle for both

the right and left leg.

a. The stationary arm should be in line from the ASIS through the center of the patella

b. Fulcrum is on the center of the patella


c. Movement arm is in line from the center of the patella to the tibial

tuberosity.

d. Record your measurements in a Data Table

4. Girth Measurements: For each of the people in your group, obtain the girth measurements for

both the right and left leg.

a. Draw a line across the joint line of the right knee

b. Draw a line 2 inches above the joint line

c. Draw a line 4 inches above the joint line

d. Draw a line 6 inches above the joint ine

e. Using a tape measure, find the circumference of the leg at each line.

f. Repeat steps a-e for the left knee

g. Record your measurements in a Data Table.

Data:

NAME Q Angle Left Q Angle Right

Alex 14 13

Dean 11 12

Levi 12 10

Christine 11 12

Griffin 12 11
Teddy 12 12

Julian 11 12

Lilli 12 13

Jessica 11 12

NAME GIRTH LEFT 0/2/4/6 GIRTH RIGHT 0/2/4/6

Alex 17 in, 18 in, 19 in, 21 in 16.5in, 17.5in, 19in, 21in

Dean 14 in, 15 in, 16.5 in, 19 in 14.5 in, 15 in, 17 in, 19 in

Levi 16.5, 17in, 19in, 21in 16in, 18in, 19in 21.5in

Christine 16.25in,17.5in, 18.25in, 17in, 18in , 19in, 19.5in

19.5in

Griffin 17 in, 19 in, 22 in, 23.25 in 17 in, 18.25 in, 19 in, 21.5 in

Teddy 14.5 in, 16 in, 18 in, 19 in 15.5 in, 15.5 in, 17 in, 19 in

Julian 14 in, 15 in, 17 in, 19.5 in 14 in, 15.5 in, 18 in, 20 in

Lilli 14.5 in, 16 in, 18 in, 19 in 15 in, 16 in, 18in, 19in

Jessica 16 in., 17.25in., 18in., 19in. 16.5 in., 17.75 in, 18.5 in, 19

in
Analysis:

Deformities, abnormalities and conditions:

Genu valgum - • commonly called knocked kneed where the knee angle in and touch each other

when the legs are straightened

Genu varum - bowing at the knees, which is where is lower leg is angles inward in relation to the

thigh

Genu recurvatum - where the knee bends backwards due to excessive extension in the tibial

femoral joint

Patella alta - describes a situation where the patella position is considered higher than normal

Patella baja - describes a situation where the patella position is considered lower than normal

Squinting patella - this is when the kneecaps face each other the the patient stands in a relaxed

position

Frog-eyed patella - the patella points outward while riding high and positioned laterally due to

hip retroversion and or later tibial torsion

2. Photographs :

3. Displayed in my group, (left/right), Jessica had 11/12, Alex had 14/13, Dean had 11/12, Levi

has 12/10, Christine had 11/12, Griffin had 12/11, Teddy had 12/12, Julian has 11/12, and Lilli
had 12/13. All of the females displayed a low Q angle in comparison to the average. The males

for the most part were all pretty close to the average, usually differing by one or two degrees.

4. Jessica had girths 16, 17.25, 18, and 19 in her left knee and she had girths of 16.5, 17.75, 18.5,

and 19 in her right knee. Alex had girths of 17, 18, 19, and 21 inches in her left knee and she had

girths of 16.5, 17.5, 19, and 21 inches in her right knee. Dean had girths of 14, 15, 16.5, and 19

inches in his left knee and he had girths of 14.5, 15, 17, and 19 inches in his right knee. Levi has

girths of 16.5, 17, 19, and 21 inches in his left knee and he had girths of 16, 18, 19, and 21.5

inches in his right knee. Christine had girths of 16.25, 17.5, 18.25, and 19.5 inches in her left

knee and had girths of 17, 18, 19, and 19.5 inches in her right knee. Griffin had girths of 17, 19,

22, and 23.25 inches in his left knee and he had girths of 17, 18.25, 19, 21.5 inches in his right

knee. Teddy had girths of 14.5, 16, 18, and 19 inches in his left knee and he had girths of 15.5,

15.5, 17, and 19 inches in his right knee. Julian had girths of 14, 15, 17, and 19.5 inches in his

left knee and he had girths of 14, 15.5, 18, and 20 inches in his right knee. Lilli's had girths of

14.5, 16, 18, and 19 inches in her left knee and she had girths of 15, 16, 18, and 19 inches in her

right knee. No one had a very big difference between the left and right legs. The larges was

Griffin who has 23.5 inches on his left leg and 21 inches on the right leg. This is due to an ACL

injury requiring immobilization of the knee.

Conclusion: Answer the following questions in essay form.

1. My hypothesis was supported because the girls had a average Q angle of 12 on the left leg and

12.5 on the right leg. The boys had an average of 11.6 on the left and 11.4 on the right.

2. No one would be in high risk for injury because no one had a very drastic difference in the leg

girths, and everyone has very moderate Q angles.This allows for the equal work of muscles in
the leg.

3. By measuring both the Q angle and girths of ND athletes we could find those of are at high

risk for injury. Based on these result we can create a plan to help strengthen surrounding muscles

to prevent injury.

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