‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪ Pre/post stress‬ﯾﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺠﮭﺪ‬
‫‪ Prestress‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎھﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﻮى اﻻﺟﮭﺎد ﺧﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻂ‪ .‬اي ان ﻗﻮى اﻟﻘﺺ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪة ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺎت‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة‬
‫‪ Post stress‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎھﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﻮى اﻻﺟﮭﺎد ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻂ ‪ .‬اي ان ﻗﻮى اﻟﻘﺺ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺎت ﻻﺗﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Fixed end‬ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻓﯿﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺘﯿﻦ اﻣﺎ ان ﻧﺬھﺐ اﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ member load‬وﻧﺴﻠﻄﮫ ﻓﯿﻜﻮن ھﻨﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار اﻟﺤﻤﻞ وﻣﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺎن او ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻰ ردود اﻓﻌﺎل‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻘﯿﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ وﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔاﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ‪ Fx,Fy,Fz,Mx,My,Mz‬و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ )ﻗﻮى ﻣﺤﻮرﯾﺔ‬
‫‪,‬ﻗﺺ‪ , Y-‬ﻗﺺ – ‪ , Z‬ﻋﺰم اﻟﺘﻮاء ‪ ,‬ﻋﺰم اﻧﺤﻨﺎء – ‪ , Y‬ﻋﺰم اﻧﺤﻨﺎء –‪.( Z‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﻐﺮض ﻋﻤﻞ اﺣﻤﺎل ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ‪ : Load combination‬وﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ‪ 6‬ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪Command – Loading‬‬
‫‪ – Load combination‬ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺐ و اﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬
‫‪ ai‬وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ‪add‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Material‬ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺳﻮف ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة ﻓﻲ ﯾﺴﺎر اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﯾﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ و ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ھﺬه اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼث ﻣﻮاد رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ‪Steel , Aluminum , Concrete‬‬

‫‪19‬‬
 ‫‪Uruk University‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫‪Concrete‬‬
‫‪E = 2.17185×107 kn/m2 = 2171.85 Mpa‬‬
‫‪ρ =0.17‬‬
‫‪Density = 23.56 Kn/m3‬‬
‫‪Thermal Coefficient = 1e-5‬‬
‫‪Critical damping = 0.05‬‬
‫‪Shear Modulus (G) = 0 kn/m2‬‬
‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Steel‬‬
‫‪E = 2.05×108 kn/m2 = 205000 Mpa‬‬
‫‪ρ =0.30‬‬
‫‪Density = 76.8195 Kn/m3‬‬
‫‪Thermal Coefficient = 1.2×10-5‬‬
‫‪Critical damping = 0.05‬‬
‫‪Shear Modulus (G) = 0 kn/m2‬‬

‫وﻟﻐﺮض اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ھﺬة اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ create‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة ﺟﺪﯾﺪة وﻧﻜﻤﻞ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ Command-analysis – perform analysis‬ﺳﺘﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬

‫ﯾﻘوم ﺑﺎﺟراء اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل وﻋﻣل ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت‬

‫اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺧص ‪ Static check‬ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻘوم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﺑدون اﺟراء اﻟطﺑﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫اﯾﺟﺎد ﻣﺣﺻﻠﺔ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻘوى اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ و‬
‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ ﻋﻧد اﻟﻌﻘد‬

‫ﯾﻘوم ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل وطﺑﺎﻋﺔ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ ﻗﯾم اﺷﻛﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﻘوم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل وطﺑﻊ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‬
‫اﻻﻧﻣﺎط ﻋﻧد اﻟﻌﻘد )‪(Joints‬‬ ‫اﻻﺣﻣﺎل‬

‫ھذا اﻻﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﯾﻛون ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺊ ﻻﻣر ‪Load data‬‬

‫‪, static check‬‬ ‫ﯾﻘوم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل وﻛذﻟك اﯾﺟﺎد ﻣﺣﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺣﻣﺎل اﻟﻣﺳﻠطﺔ وردود اﻻﻓﻌﺎل وﻛذﻟك‬
‫ھذا اﻻﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﯾﻛون ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺊ ﻻﻣر ‪Load data‬‬
‫ﻣﺣﺻﻠﺔ اﻟﻌزوم ﻟﻼﺣﻣﺎل وردود اﻟﻔﻌل ﺣول‬
‫‪, static load‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘطﺔ اﻻﺻل‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻻﯾﻌﺎز ‪ preprint‬ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻛﺎن ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺪ و ﻣﻮاﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﻤﻮاد و ﻧﻮﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ وذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ‬
‫‪ Define commands‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﯾﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ و اﻟﺤﺎوﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪة ﺧﯿﺎرات ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫‪Material property , support information , member properties …etc‬‬

‫اﻻﯾﻌﺎز ‪ postprint‬ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ ) ‪ (result‬اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻋﻨﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬

‫‪ Define command‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺳﻮف ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬه ﺟﺪﯾﺪة و ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻋﺪة اﺧﺘﯿﺎرات‬

‫‪20‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪/7‬‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻌﺪ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﺷﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اي ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﺣﺬﻓﮫ ﺳﺆاء ﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺼﺮ او ﻋﻘﺪة ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺢ واﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬
‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺬي ﻧﺮﯾﺪ ﺣﺬﻓﺔ او ﺗﻐﯿﺮه او ﻧﺴﺨﮫ او ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻨﮫ )‪ (copy‬او )‪(cut‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ copy‬ﻟﻞ ‪ node‬ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺮﯾﺪ ﻟﺼﻘﮭﺎ )‪ (paste‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ ‪ node‬او‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎور ‪X,Y,Z‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﻐﺮض اظﮭﺎر اﻟﻌﻘﺪ وارﻗﺎم اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺎوس ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ right click‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﻓﺘﻈﮭﺮ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ و ﻧﺨﺘﺎر اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ‪ label‬وﻣﻦ ھﻨﺎ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر او ﻧﻀﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺻﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ و ارﻗﺎﻣﮭﺎ وﻛﺬﻟﻠﻚ ارﻗﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪.‬‬

‫‪21‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﻐﺮض اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻘﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﺬھﺐ اﻟﻰ ‪ geometry‬وﻧﺨﺘﺎر ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ insert node‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ھﺬا اﻻﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺛﻼث ﺧﯿﺎرات‬

‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻘدة ﺟدﯾدة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬

‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻘدة ﺟدﯾدة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺗﺻف اﻟﻌﻧﺻر‬
‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ‪ n‬ﻣن اﻟﻌﻘد ﻓﻲ ھذا اﻟﻌﻧﺻر‬

‫* ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ ھﺬا اﻻﻣﺮ اﯾﻀﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﯿﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺎوس ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬

‫‪22‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ‪ Add beam‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ) ‪ . (Geometry‬او اﻟﺬھﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻰ اﻻﯾﻌﺎز ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻻدوات او ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﺑﯿﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺎوس ﻓﺘﻈﮭﺮ ‪add beam‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺣﺪات ﺧﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ و ﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ‪ Tool‬ﺛﻢ اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ set current input units‬او ‪set current display units‬‬

‫‪23‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻟﻐﺮض ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻞ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ truss‬وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻋﺘﯿﺎدﯾﺔ ‪ ,‬اوﻻ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪ plane‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻧﺬھﺐ اﻟﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ General – spec‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ beam‬ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻋﺪة اﺧﺘﯿﺎرات ﻛﺄن‬
‫ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻻﺧﺮاج ﺑﺪون اواﻣﺮ اﻻدﺧﺎل ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻻﯾﻌﺎز اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ) ‪menu‬‬
‫‪: (Bar‬‬

‫‪Command – miscellaneous – set echo –echo on –echo off‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ echo off‬وﺑﻌﺪ اﺟﺮاء ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ واﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻻﺧﺮاج ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﻋﺪم ظﮭﻮر اواﻣﺮ اﻻدﺧﺎل ‪.‬‬

‫‪24‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪: post – processing‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻛﻤﺎل ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ واﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﺎل ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اي ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪post-‬‬
‫‪ processing‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻂ اﻻﺧﻀﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻻدوات ‪ tools bars‬او اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ‬
‫‪ menu bar‬اﻟﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ mode‬ﺛﻢ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪post processing‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ post processing‬ﺳﻮف ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬه ‪ result set up‬و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﯿﻦ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻻت اﻟﻤﺮاد‬
‫اﺧﺘﯿﺎرھﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﻼﺣﻆ اﯾﻀﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪post processing‬‬

‫اﯾﻀﺎ ﯾﻼﺣﻆ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬

‫‪Node = displacement , reaction‬‬

‫‪Beam = forces , stress , graphs‬‬
‫‪Plate = contour, result along line‬‬
‫‪Animation = animate‬‬
‫‪Report = reports‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اظﮭﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎل ‪ node‬واظﮭﺎر ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ال ‪ displacement‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ﻧﺬھﺐ اﻟﻰ‬
‫‪result – view value‬‬

‫‪25‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﻣن ‪ range‬ﻣﻣﻛن ﻧﺧﺗﺎر ‪ all‬وﺳوف ﺗظﮭر ﺟﻣﯾﻊ ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻌﻘد و اذا اردﻧﺎ ان ﺗﺧﺗﺎر ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻋﻘد ﻓﻧذھب اﻟﻰ ‪ ranges‬و‬
‫ﻧﻛﺗب ارﻗﺎم اﻟﻌﻘد اﻟﺗﻲ ﻧرﯾد اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧﺎﻧﺔ ‪ nodes‬ﻓﺗظﮭر ‪nodal displacement‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻزاﺣﺔ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ annotate‬ﻓﺘﻈﮭﺮ اﻻزاﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﯾﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ اﻻزاﺣﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎ ‪nodes and beams‬‬

‫‪26‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ reaction‬ﺳﻮف ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻗﯿﻢ ردود اﻻﻓﻌﺎل ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ اذ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻗﯿﻢ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ و‬
‫ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﻋﻨﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ result – view value‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﻮف ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺟﺪوﻻن ﻟﻞ ‪and support reaction‬‬
‫‪ static check result‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﮭﺔ اﻟﯿﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﯾﻣﺛل ﻗﯾم ردود اﻻﻓﻌﺎل ﻟﻛل ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﺣﻣﯾل‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺧص ﻗﯾم ردود اﻻﻓﻌﺎل‬

‫ﯾﻣﺛل وﺿﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺄ ھل ھو ‪ static‬او ﻻ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻼﻣﺮ ‪ beam‬ﻓﯿﻈﮭﺮ ﻋﻨﺪھﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻌﺰم ‪ .(bending Z) Mz‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ان ﻧﺘﺤﻮل ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ اﻟﻰ‬
‫اﺧﺮى وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ‪ tools bars‬ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻻدوات ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اظﮭﺎر ﻗﯿﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ‪ Result - view value‬و اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ ‪ beam result‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻮد‬
‫ﺛﻼث اﺧﺘﯿﺎرات ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ ‪ bending‬وھﻲ ‪ ends‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺎت ‪ maximum ,‬اﻟﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ‪ ,‬و ‪ mid point‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻨﻘﺎط ‪.‬‬

‫‪27‬‬
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

‫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ واﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬view ‫ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ‬axial force ‫ او‬shear force ‫ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ‬-
‫ و‬shear ‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻮد اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻋﺪة ﺧﯿﺎرة ﻟﻞ‬loads and result ‫ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺬھﺎب اﻟﻰ‬structure diagram
stress ‫ و‬torsion ‫ و‬bending

graphs , stresses ‫ وھﻲ‬post processing ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻻوﻣﺮ ﻓﻲ‬-

28
 ‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺑﻌﺾ اﻻواﻣﺮ ‪/‬‬
‫‪1- Translation Repeat‬‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ ﺗﻜﺮار اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻟﻌﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪ .‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﻀﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﺮاد ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬
‫ﻟﮫ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ translation repeat‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ‪. tool bar‬‬

‫اﻟرﺑط ﺑﻌد اﻟﺗﻛرار‬

‫ﺧﯾﺎرات ﻧﻘل اﻟﺗﻛرار‬

‫اﺗﺟﺎه اﻟﺗﻛرار ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺣﺎور ‪Global‬‬ ‫ﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﻛرار‬ ‫ﻋدد ﻣرات اﻟﺗﻛرار‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬

‫ﺗﻛرار ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه ﻣﺣور ‪ X‬ﺑﻌدد ‪ 3‬ﻣرات‬ ‫ﺗﻛرار ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه ﻣﺣور ‪ Y‬ﺑﻌدد ‪ 3‬ﻣرات‬ ‫ﺗﻛرار ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه ﻣﺣور ‪ z‬ﺑﻌدد ‪ 3‬ﻣرات‬
‫و ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺗر‬ ‫و ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺗر‬ ‫و ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺗر‬

‫‪29‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪2-Circulr Repeat‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﻋﻘدة ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬

‫ﯾﺗم اﻟﺗﻛرار ﻋﻧدھﺎ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛون اﻟﺗﻛرار‬

‫ﯾﺗم ﻋﻠﻰ اﺣداﺛﯾﺎت‬
‫ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘدار زاوﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻛرار‬

‫اﺗﺟﺎه اﻟﺗﻛرار ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺣﺎور ‪Global‬‬
‫ﻣرات اﻟﺗﻛرار‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪/‬‬

‫‪90o‬‬

‫‪20‬‬
‫‪15‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪X‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪Z‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3 stories building‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪3-Mirror‬‬
‫ﯾﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ھﺬا اﻻﻣﺮ ﻟﺘﻜﺮار و ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻲ ‪ modeling‬و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ اﻧﺸﺎﺋﮭﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﻋﻘدة‬

‫ﻟﻐرض ﻋﻛس اﻟﻧﻣوذج‬

‫اﺗﺟﺎه اﻟﺗﻛرار )اﻟﻣراة( ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺣﺎور ‪Global‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﺗم ﻋﻛس اﻟﻧﻣوذج ﺑﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوي ‪X‬‬

‫‪3-Rotate‬‬
‫اداة ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺪوران اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ وﺣﺮﻛﺘﮭﺎ اﯾﻀﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ ‪toolbar‬‬

‫‪31‬‬
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

4-Move :
F2 ‫ او ﻋﻨﺪ طﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬move ‫ واﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬right - click ‫ﯾﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و ﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ‬

5-Insert Node or Split beam

32
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
Prismatic Properties
• AX = Cross sectional area

• IX = Torsional constant

• IY = Moment of inertia about y-axis.

• IZ = Moment of inertia about z-axis.

‫ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﺘﻲ‬

• AY = Effective shear area for shear force parallel to local y-axis.

• AZ = Effective shear area for shear force parallel to local z-axis.

• YD = Depth of section parallel to local y-axis.

• ZD = Depth of section parallel to local z-axis.

For T-beams, YD, ZD, YB & ZB must be specified. These terms, which are shown in
the next figure are:

• YD = Total depth of section (top fiber of flange to bottom fiber of web)

• ZD = Width of flange

• YB = Depth of stem

• ZB = Width of stem

33
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
For Trapezoidal beams, YD, ZD & ZB must be specified. These terms, which too are
shown in the next figure are:

• YD = Total depth of section

• ZD = Width of section at top fiber

• ZB = Width of section at bottom fiber

Yd , Z d ‫ او اﻻﺑﻌﺎد‬AX ‫ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اي ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻛﻮﻧﻜﺮﯾﺘﻲ ﯾﺠﺐ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺠﺪول ﯾﻮﺿﺢ ﯾﻌﺾ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻘﺎطﻊ‬

Structure Type Required Properties
TRUSS structure AX
PLANE structure AX, IZ, or IY
FLOOR structure IX, IZ or IY
SPACE structure AX, IX, IY, IZ

: Redial ‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﻣﺮ‬

‫ )ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻜﻒ اﻟﯿﻤﻨﻰ‬Z ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﺰاوﯾﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮر‬, X-Y ‫ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي‬: ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬
.X ‫( ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮي ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮر‬

34
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
/ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

35
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪l‬‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ /‬ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺳﺘﺪ ﺑﺮو ﻋﻨﺪ ظﮭﻮر ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل او اﻟﻤﻘﺎطﻊ‬
‫‪...‬اﻟﺦ و ظﮭﻮر ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺼﺢ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ان اﻟﺸﻲ اﻟﻤﺮاد ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺼﮫ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪/‬‬

‫‪36‬‬
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

37
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
‫ وﻧﻀﻊ‬command- member specification- release , ‫ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬Pin ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ وﺟﻮد‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ و ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﻌﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﯾﺔ او اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬Mz ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺻﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬

/ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

38
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
/‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
2
E = 210 kN/mm , Ax = 6450 , Iz = 1.249E+08 , Iy = 1.249E+08, Ix = 4.162E+06
displacment node 4 = -15

/‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

39
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

/‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

40