Earthquake Resistant
R C Structures
Dr. S. K. PRASAD
Professor of Civil Engineering
S.J. College of Engineering
Mysore – 570 006
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Ductile Detailing
Objective
To provide adequate toughness and ductility
to resist severe earthquake shocks without
collapse
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Ductile Detailing
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Flexural member
Two types of
Damage
Flexure
Shear
Flexural failure
is preferred
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT … Contd.
External Joint
For both the top and bottom bars of the beam
Anchorage length = Ld + 10 dia - allowance for 90
degree bends.
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Anchorage of beam bars in exterior joints
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT … Contd.
Internal Joint
For both faces of beam, bars shall be taken
continuously through the column.
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Failure at internal joint
Splicing
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1
Ductile Detailing … Flexural members
Splicing of Longitudinal Reinforcement … Contd.
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1
Flexural members
WEB REINFORCEMENT
Shall consist of vertical hoops.
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Vertical Stirrups
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Vertical Stirrups
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1
Flexural members
WEB REINFORCEMENT
In compelling circumstances, it may also be made of
TWO pieces of reinforcement;
• a U – stirrup with a having a 1350 hook and a
10 dia extension ( min of 75 mm), and
• a crosstie.
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1
Flexural members
WEB REINFORCEMENT
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1
Flexural members
WEB REINFORCEMENT
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1
Flexural members
Spacing of hoops
a) At either end of the beam
Over a length of 2d, spacing shall not exceed
• d/4
• 8 times the dia of smallest longitudinal bar
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1
Flexural members
Spacing of hoops
b) On either side of a section where flexural yielding
may occur
Over a length of 2d, spacing shall not exceed
• d/4
• 8 times the dia of smallest longitudinal bar
c) Elsewhere
Spacing d/2
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1
Columns and Frame Members
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1
Columns and Frame Members
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT
Lap Splicing
• Shall be provided only in the central half of the
member length
• Length = Tension splice
• Hoops to be provided over the entire splice length
• Spacing of hoops 150 mm
• Not more than 50 percent of the bars shall be
spliced at one section.
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1
Columns and Frame Members
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT
Any area that extends more than 100 mm beyond the
confined core due to architectural requirements shall be
detailed as follows:
Structural – Minimum
longitudinal and
transverse reinforcement
as per IS 13920 : 1993
Non-structural –
as per IS 456-2000
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1
Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
• Closed Stirrups
1350 hook with a 10 dia extension ( min of 75 mm)
that is embedded in the confined core
Spacing of parallel legs of rectangular hoops
300 mm
Provide crosstie if the length of any side of the
hoop is > 300 mm
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Ties or hoops
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1
Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
• Closed Stirrups
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1
Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
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Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special Confining Reinforcement
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Beam column joint
Providing
horizontal ties
at joints
Three stage
procedure
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Reinforcement details for Shear Wall
Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special Confining Reinforcement
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Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special Confining Reinforcement
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Columns and Frame Members
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special Confining Reinforcement
Area of cross section, Ash, of the bar forming circular
hoops or spiral is
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Joints of Frames
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special confining reinforcement as required at the
end of the column shall be provided through the
joint as well.
For joints which have
• beams framing into all vertical faces of it
• where each beam width is at least 3/4 of the
column width
provide half the special confining reinforcement
required at the end of the column.
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Shear Walls
Resist lateral forces coming on structures
Thickness 150 mm
Reinforcement in longitudinal and transverse
directions
Minimum pt = 0.25% of gross area
If wall thickness is > 200 mm, reinforcement shall
be provided in two curtains.
Diameter of bars 1/10 of wall thickness.
Spacing should be the least of
• lw/5
• 3 tw , and
• 450 mm
where, lw is the horizontal length of wall, and
tw is the thickness of the wall. 45
Joints of Frames
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
Special confining reinforcement as required at the
end of the column shall be provided through the
joint as well.
For joints which have
• beams framing into all vertical faces of it
• where each beam width is at least 3/4 of the
column width
provide half the special confining reinforcement
required at the end of the column.
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IS - 13920: 1993
• Requirements of detailing R C structures
to give adequate toughness and ductility
to resist earthquake shocks better
without collapse.
• Particularly necessary in structures
located in Zones 3, 4 and 5.
• Distinction between Toughness &
Resilience.
• Steps to enhance ductility and toughness
in R C structures
Horizontal earthquake force
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Structural action under earthquake
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Earthquake shaking
reverses tension and
compression in
members.
Reinforcement is
required in both faces
of members
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Columns should be stronger than beams