PHARMACOLOGY
2.1D ANTIMICROBIALS
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Pharmacology 2.1D ANTIMICROBIALS
CONTRAINDICATION
Children (not absolute)
Pregnancy
Lactation
Epilepsy
QTc prolongation
THERAPEUTIC USES
Lower respiratory tract infections
Bone and joint infections
Infectious diarrhea
Urinary tract infections
Skin infections
SUMMARY OF TARGETS Sexually transmitted disease
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Penicillin, Bacitracin,
Cephalosporin, Vancomycin DISPENSING ISSUES
Disruption of cell membrane Polymyxin Not be given with Theophylline
function Antacids interfere with absorption
Inhibition of protein synthesis Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Avoid exposure to sun
Streptomycin, Chlorampenicol
Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis Rifamycin (transcription),
Quinolones (DNA replication), END OF TRANS
Metronidazole
Action as antimetabolites Sulfonilamide, Trimethoprim “You don’t have to be great to start, but you have to start to be great.”
~ Zig Ziglar
DRUG INTERACTIONs
Drugs increasing levels of FQL FQL increasing the levels of:
Theophyline Antidepressants
NSAIDS Imipramine
Corticosteroids Caffene
Theophylline
Warfarin (INR –monitored)
INDICATIONS
UTI and PROSTATIS STDS -GI and abdominal
- 7 day course of infections.
Ofloxacin and -Traveller’s diarrhea
Sparfloxacin for -Cholera
chlamydial -Enteric fever
infection -Shigellosis
- 14 day course
Oflaxocin for
PID.
RTI BONE AND JOINT OTHERS
-3rd and 4th -Osteomyelitis (weeks -Multi drug resistant
generations FQL have – months) tuberculosis
excellent activity -Diabetic foot (in -Prophylactically in
against S. Pneumonia combination with anti- neutropenic patient.
-Very effective in anaerobic agent)
clearing H.I and M.
Catt from sputum
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Generally safe antibiotics
o GI - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and antibiotic
associated colitis have been reported.
o Neuro – Confusion, insomnia, dizziness, anxiety and
seizures (displacement of GABA from its receptors)
o Cardio – Torsade de pointes, prolonged QTc interval
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