Waves and Fluid Mechanics Test Paper Solutions

Solution 1:- (b)

By stokes’ law, the terminal velocity of a water drop of radius r is given by
,
Where is the density of water, is the density of air and the coefficient of viscosity of air. Hence is
negligible , and r = 0.01 mm = 10–2 mm = 10–5 m. Substituting the values

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S
Solution 2:- (b)
Let A and B be the positions of the masses and P the point at which the intensity of the gravitational field is

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to be computed.
The intensity of the field at P due to the mass at A is given by

A
and that due to the mass at B is given by

(force experienced by a unit mass) at P is

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The distance AB, AP and BP show that ∠APB is 90o. Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant intensity

Solution 3:- (b)

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Given time period T = 6 s

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Let the displacement of the pendulum be given by

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let us suppose that at t = 0, the pendulum is at C, i.e., at t = 0, x = A, so that

A
Thus the motion of the pendulum is given by

The value of t for which x = 2.5 cm is given by

2.5 = 5 cos ωt

Solution 4:- (c)

We know that for a wave v = f λ,

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 Now as in a waves path difference is related to phase difference by the relation,

Solution 5:- (d)

S
(a) In case of fundamental vibrations of string ,
i.e., λ = 2 × 1 = 2 m.

E
Now as

(b) Now as in case of a wire under tension

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L A
Further as here λ = const. = 2 m so from v = f λ,

C
E
i.e., in this situation,

Note:- Here λ = constant; so f and v will change according to the relation v ∞ f with

E
Solution 6:- (a, b, c)

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By the principal of conservation of energy, we have

Since the buoyant force of the lake is greater than the weight of the body. If a is the upward

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acceleration, then

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Cancelling V on the both the sides, we get

Where is the velocity at y = 0. v = 0 is the velocity at the maximum depth and y is the negative

A
displacement from the surface to the maximum depth. With these, we get

Hence, the depth is given by

Solution 7:- (a, b, c)

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 Solution 8:- (b, c)
When a planet is on the major axis of the orbit gravitational force on the planet is normal to its motion. So,

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no work is done. As the energy remains the same no work is done in complete revolution.
Solution 9:- (a, b, c, d)

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i. If and the body is projected vertically upwards, the body will rise up to that height where its

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velocity becomes zero. After that it will fall freely due to gravity following a straight line path.
ii. If but the body is projected at some angle w.r.t. vertically direction, the body will reach up to a

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certain height (where vertical component of the velocity becomes zero) and then fall down following a
parabolic path (this will be a case of projectile motion).

A
iii. If then the orbit will be circular.
But if (escape velocity) then the orbit will be an ellipse.

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So, all the options are correct.
Solution 10:- (a, b, c, d)

C
Comparing the given equation with the standard wave equation travelling in
negative x-direction,

We get amplitude

Also, k = 2

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We know that

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Solution 11:- (a, b, c)

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Moving plane is like a moving observer. Therefore, number of waves encountered by moving plane

D
Frequency of reflected wave,

A
Wavelength of reflected wave,

Number of beats heard

Solution 12:- (c)
Since area of a hole is very small in comparison to base area A of the cylinder, velocity of liquid inside the
cylinder is negligible. Let velocity of efflux be v and atmospheric pressure be Consider two points A
(inside the cylinder) and B (just outside the hole) in the same horizontal line as shown in the figure in
question.

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 According to Bernoulli’s theorem,
Pressure energy at A = pressure energy at B + Kinetic energy at B

Solution 13:- (a)

When the cylinder is on the smooth horizontal plane, force F required to keep the cylinder stationary equals

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horizontal thrust exerted by fluid jet. But that is equal to mass slowing per second change in velocity of
this mass.

Solution 14:- (d)

Total mass the liquid in the cylinder is

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for maximum vertical forces,

A S
Since F < limiting friction, therefore minimum force required is zero. Considering the free-body diagram

L
N = mg
Now considering the horizontal forces,

C
Solution 15:- (5)
Let the volume of the cylinder be V. When the cylinder is floating up thrust = weight. Hence,

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Let the acceleration of the particle vessel be A (upwards). In the reference frame of the vessel, the
acceleration of the cylinder is A/3.

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Where g' = g + A = effective value of g for upthrust.

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D
The acceleration of the vessel should be
Solution 16:- (2)

A h=2m

Solution 17:- (3)

(negative sign is for attractive force)

Conservation of energy gives (let at other extreme position r = b)

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 (i)

Conservation of angular momentum gives

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S S
A
Solution 18:- (5)

L
L = 40 cm, mass = 10 g
Mass per unit length

C
Spring constant k = 160 N/m
Deflection x = 1 cm = 0.01 m
Tension in the string:

Wave velocity is given by

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Time take by the pulse to reach the spring

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Solution 19:- (3)

D
A
Solution 20:- (1)
Since frequencies are in odd number ratio, the pipe has to be a closed pipe.
Ratio of 3 frequencies = 425 : 595 : 765
=5:7:9
So fundamental frequency = f = 425/5 = 85 Hz
For fundamental frequency

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