Asahi Songwon Colors Limited EIA PDF

Draft EIA Report
of
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd.

Survey No. 429 to 432,
Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra,
Dist.: Vadodara, Gujarat.
Prepared by
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.

424, Medicine Market
Opp. Shefali Centre
Paldi, Ahmedabad
Email: mahendra.sepl@gmail.com
Contents
Particulars Page no.
Contents 1-6
List of Tables 7-8
List of Figures 9
List of Annexure 10
INDEX
Executive Summary
E.1 Background E-1
E.2 Project Description E-1
E.3 Size of Project E-2
E.4 Description of Environment E-3
E.5 Air Environment E-3
E.6 Water Environment E-4
E.7 Noise Environment E-5
E.8 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures E-6
E.9 Environment Monitoring E-7
E.10 Environment Management Plan E-8
E.11 Qualitative Risk analysis E-8
E.12 Conclusion E-8
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the company 1-1
1.2 Purpose & Need of EIA 1-1
1.3 Statutory Requirements 1-3
1.4 Regulatory Framework 1-4
1.5 Terms of Reference accepted/issued by MoEF on 1-4
26/11/10
1.6 Industrial activities within 10 km radius 1-12
1.7 Statement of Principles 1-13
1.8 Study area 1-13
1.9 Site selection criteria 1-15
1.10 Objective of EIA 1-15
1.11 Scope of EIA 1-16
REIA report of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. 1

1.12 Methodology of EIA 1-17
Chapter-2 Project Description
2.1 Introduction 2-1
2.2 Location 2-1
2.3 Justification of the Project 2-1
Land Requirement 2-2
2.4 Capital Investment 2-3
2.5 Product and Size of the Unit 2-3
2.6 Manufacturing Process 2-4
2.6.1 CPC Blue Crude 2-4
2.6.2 CPC Beta Blue 2-6
2.6.3 Pigment Alpha Blue- 15/15.1 2-9
2.6.4 CPC Green-7/36 2-11
2.6.5 Pigment Violet-23 2-14
2.7 Input Requirement 2-17
2.7.1 Raw material requirement 2-17
2.7.2 Water 2-17
2.7.3 Fuel 2-17
2.7.4 Power 2-17
2.7.5 Dematerialized water system 2-18
2.7.6 Reverse Osmosis System 2-18
2.8 Generation of Pollutants 2-19
2.8.1 Existing Manufacturing activities 2-19
2.8.2 Proposed Expanded Capacity 2-21
2.8.3 Pollution Control Strategy 2-22
2.8.4 Resource Recovery 2-26
2.9 Resource Conservation 2-27
2.9.1 Ground Water Recharging System 2-27
2.9.2 Green Belt Development 2-27
2.10 Fire Frightening System 2-27
2.11 Rain Water Harvesting 2-27
Chapter 3 Description of the Environment
3.2 Air Environment 3-2
3.2.1 Design of Network for Ambient Air Quality 3-2
Monitoring Stations

3.2.2 Reconnaissance 3-2
3.2.3 Micrometeorology of the area 3-3
3.2.4 Ambient Air Quality Survey 3-5
3.2.5 Baseline Status 3-5
3.3 Water Environment 3-6
3.3.1 Water Quality 3-6
3.4 Noise Environment 3-7
3.4.1 Introduction 3-7
3.4.2 Methodology 3-8
3.4.3 Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of 3-8
Noise
3.4.4 Day time & night time noise levels 3-8
3.4.5 Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area 3-8
3.4.6 Conclusions 3-8
3.5 Soils 3-9
3.5.1 Introduction 3-9
3.5.2 Soil Characteristics 3-9
3.5.3 Findings 3-9
3.6 Socio Economic & Land use 3-11
3.6.1 Land use pattern and infrastructure 3-11
3.6.2 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment: 3-11
Rural
3.6.3 Demographic and Socio-Economic 3-13
3.7 Ecology 3-13
3.7.1 Terrestrial Ecology (Flora) 3-13
3.7.2 Terrestrial Ecology (Fauna) 3-13
3.7.3 Common Crop Plants 3-14
Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Mitigation Measures
4.1 General 4-1
4.2 Air Environment 4-2
4.2.1 Prediction of impact at Construction phase 4-2
4.2.2 Operational Phase 4-2
4.2.3 Sources of Air Pollution 4-3
4.2.4 Air Emission 4-4
4.2.5 Micrometeorology 4-4

4.2.6 Air Quality Modeling and Predictions using the 4-5
Gaussian Model
4.2.7 Predicted GLCs of proposed Chemicals plant 4-6
4.3 Water Environment 4-7
4.4 Noise Level Impact 4-8
4.4.1 Construction Phase 4-8
4.4.2 Operational Phase 4-8
4.5 Land / Soil Environment 4-9
4.6 Socio-Economic Environment 4-10
4.7 Ecological Environment 4-11
Chapter 5 Environmental Management Plan
5.2 Objective of EMP 5-1
5.3 Component of EMP 5-2
5.3.1 Environmental Management systems 5-2
5.3.2 Environmental, Health and Safety Management 5-2
System
5.4 Environmental Management during Construction 5-3
Phase
5.5 Environmental Management during the 5-3
Operational Phase
5.5.1 Air Environment 5-3
5.5.2 Action plan to control ambient air quality 5-5
5.5.3 Green Belt 5-5
5.5.4 Measures to control fugitive emissions 5-6
5.5.5 Water Environment 5-6
5.5.6 Artificial water recharge 5-7
5.5.7 Hazardous/Solid Waste Management 5-7
5.5.8 Noise Control Technique 5-8
5.5.9 Green Belt Development 5-9
5.6 Resource Conservation/ Waste Minimization 5-10
5.7 Health & Safety 5-10
5.7.1 Possibility of occupational health hazard & its 5-12
control
5.7.2 Preventive measures 5-13
5.7.3 Occupational Health Programme 5-13
5.7.4 Hazard Communication and Chemical Safety 5-14

5.8 Post-Project Environmental Monitoring 5-15
Chapter 6 Quantitative Risk Assessment
6.1.1 Scope of Study 6-1
6.1.2 Study Objective 6-1
6.1.3 The Study Approach 6-1
6.1.4 System Description 6-2
6.1.5 Identification of Hazards 6-2
6.1.6 Risk Reduction Measures 6-2
6.2 Probable Hazards & Risk 6-2
6.3 Hazardous Identification 6-2
6.3.1 Hazardous Substances to be handled at Asahi 6-3
Songwon Colors Ltd.
6.4 Quantity of Hazardous Materials 6-6
6.4.1 Probable Hazards and Risk 6-6
6.4.2 Hazards due to loss of Containment 6-7
6.4.3 Release of Chlorine 6-8
6.4.4 Release of Flammable Materials 6-8
6.4.5 Effect and Consequence Analysis 6-8
6.4.6 Maximum Credible Accident Scenario 6-8
6.4.7 Methodology for selection of Accident Scenario 6-9
6.5 Maximum Credible Accident Scenario 6-10
6.5.1 Consequence Analysis 6-10
6.5.2 Release of Chlorine 6-10
6.5.3 Effect and Consequence Analysis 6-10
6.5.4 Maximum Credible Accident Scenario 6-10
6.5.5 Consequence Analysis for Chlorine Release 6-11
Scenarios
6.5.6 Catastrophic Rupture of IBA Tank 6-13
6.5.7 Catastrophic Rupture of Xylene Tank 6-13
6.6 General Safety Precaution & Occupational Health 6-14
6.6.1 Occupational Health & First aid Measures 6-15
6.6.2 Risk reduction Measures 6-15
6.6.3 Safe Guards for Storage and Handling of 6-17
Hazardous Chemicals
6.6.4 Handling of Hazards 6-18

6.6.5 General Working Condition 6-18
6.6.6 Safe Operating Procedures 6-19
6.6.7 Work Permit System 6-19
6.6.8 Personnel Protective Equipment (PPEs) 6-19
6.6.9 Fire Protection 6-20
6.6.10 Emergency Preparedness 6-20
6.6.11 Static Electricity 6-20
6.6.12 Access 6-20
6.6.13 Material Handling 6-20
6.6.14 Communication System 6-21
6.6.15 First Aid Facilities 6-21
6.6.16 Management of Change 6-21
6.6.17 Accident Reporting, Investigation and Analysis 6-21
6.8.18 Safety Inspections 6-22
6.8.19 Safe Operating Procedures 6-22
Chapter 7 Onsite Disaster Management Plan
7.2 Probable Hazards & Risk 7-1
7.3 Objectives of the Plan 7-2
7.4 Identification of Major Hazards 7-3
7.5 Scope of Plan 7-3
7.6 The availability, organization and utilization of 7-3
resources and facilities for emergencies
7.7 Response Organization Structure 7-5
7.8 Emergency Response Centre 7-8
7.8.1 Emergency Telephone Number 7-9
7.9 Post Emergency - Recovery 7-10
Chapter 8 Disclosure of Consultant 8-1

List of Tables
Table Name Page
No. No.
1.1 Major Industries within 10 km radius 1-12
2.1 (A) Details of Products 2-29
2.1 (B) Raw Materials 2-30
2.2 Hazardous Chemical Storage Facilities 2-31
2.3 Typical Fuel Analysis 2-32
2.4 Details of Water Consumption and Wastewater 2-33
Generation
2.5 Details Of Effluent Treatment Plant 2-34
2.6 Performance of Existing ETP 2-35
2.7 Details of Fuel Consumption 2-36
2.8 Details of Stacks 2-36
2.9 (a) Performance of Stack Emission 2-38
2.9 (b) Estimated Emission from new Stacks/Vents 2-38
2.10 Result of Work place Monitoring 2-39
2.11 Details of Solid / Hazardous waste 2-40
2.12 Result of Solid/Hazardous Waste analysis 2-41
2.13 Noise Survey 2-42
3.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3-15
3.2 Ambient Air Quality Status 3-16
3.3 Ambient Air Quality Status (PM10) 3-17
3.4 Ambient Air Quality Status (SO2) 3-18
3.5 Ambient Air Quality Status (NOx) 3-19
3.6 Hydrocarbon and VOCs 3-20
3.7 National Ambient Air Quality Standard 3-21
3.8 Results of Groundwater Quality in the Study Area 3-23
3.9 Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water 3-24
3.10 Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area 3-25
3.11 Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise 3-25
3.12 Soil Analysis of Study area 3-26
3.13 Land Use Pattern 3-27
3.14 Present land use based on satellite imagery 3-28
3.15 Summary of Socio-Economic Status (Demography) 3-29

3.16 Summary of Socio-economic status of Study area 3-30
(Amenities)
3.17 List of Tree Species found in the study area 3-33
3.18 List of Amphibians, Reptilia and Birds in the study area 3-35
4.1 Estimated emission from new stacks/vents 4-12
4.2 GPCB Stack and Process Emission Standards Details for 4-12
Industry
4.3 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SPM 4-13
4.4 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SO2 4-14
4.5 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NOx 4-15
4.6 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for Cl2 4-16
4.7 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for HCl 4-17
4.8 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NH3 4-18
5.1 Design features for minimization of fugitive emissions 5-17
5.2 Environment Monitoring 5-18
6.1 Effects Due To Incident Radiation Intensity 6-23
6.2 Damages to Human Life to Thermal Radiation 6-23

List of Figures
Figure Name Page No.
No.
1.1 Location Map 1-19
1.2 Industrial location on map 1-20
1.3 Land use/ land cover map 1-21
2.1(a) Water Balance Diagram (Existing) 2-43
2.1(b) Water Balance Diagram (After expansion) 2-44
2.1(c ) Water Balance Diagram (Recycling) 2-45
2.2 Line Diagram of ETP 2-46
2.3 Site Plan and Factory Layout 2-47
3.1 Graphical representation of Ambient Air quality 3-16
3.2 Graphical Representations for PM10 3-17
3.3 Graphical Representations for SO2 3-18
3.4 Graphical Representations for NOx 3-19
3.5 Graphical Representations for HC & VOCs 3-20
3.6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3-38
3.7 Wind rose Diagram 3-39
3.8 Water sampling Location 3-40
3.9 Locations of Noise Survey 3-41
3.10 Soil Sampling Location 3-42
3.11 Land Use/ Land Cover map by Satellite image 3-43
4.1 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SPM 4-19
4.2 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SO2 4-20
4.3 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NOx 4-21
4.4 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for Cl2 4-22
4.5 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for HCl 4-23
4.6 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NH3 4-24
5.1 EHS Management 5-19
6.1 Procedure for hazard identification and risk 6-24
assessment
7.1 On Site Disaster Management Plan 7-12

List of Annexure
SR.NO. PARTICULAR ANNEXURE
NO.
1.0 Compliance of CC&A 01
2.0 Membership certificate 02
3.0 CREP guidlines 03
4.0 TOR Letter 04

San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.-Ahmedabad
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
E-1 BACKGROUND
Since India is a developing country and chemicals industries have

always played major role in the economic development of the
country. Gujarat is a one of the well developed industrialized State,
has a significant contribution in industrial as well as economic
development of the country.
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is an existing unit located at survey
no. 429 to 432, Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
State: Gujarat. Since the establishment the unit has been involved in
manufacturing of CPC Blue Crude & Pigment Beta Blue-A/B with 850
MT/month & 100 MT/month production capacities. Now, looking to
the market demand, the unit envisage to increase the production
capacity of CPC Blue from 850 MT/month to 1000 MT/month,
Pigment Beta Blue-A/B from 100 MT/month to 500 MT/month with
introduce of three new products – Pigment Alpha Blue: 15/15.1 with
60 MT/month, Pigment Violet-23 with 25 MT/month and Pigment
Green-7/36 with 200 MT/Month production capacities.
The total area of the premises is @ 85259 sq. mt, and the proposed
expansion will be in the same premises. There will not be any
additional land requirement for the proposed expansion.
E-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Location of Project
The proposed expansion activities will be carried out in the existing

premises of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd., located at Plot: 429 to
432, Village: Dudhwada, Vadodara, Gujarat.
The location of the project site is given hereunder in terms of
longitude and latitude.
Longitude: 20011’35.47” N
Latitude: 72053’55.47” E
Elevation from sea level is 25 meter.
REIA report of Asahi Sonwon Colors Ltd. E-1

Site Selection
Since the unit has been already in existence since long and the unit
is good familiar with the surrounding environment, therefore, it
becomes easy for the unit to expand the project in the same
premises. However, besides this the selected project site has all basic
facilities like availability of water and natural gas, electricity, easy
availability of raw material, communication and transportation
facilities etc. as well as Treated effluent disposal facilities managed
by ECP Limited.
The nearest town Baroda is only 30 km away from the project site
which is very well connected with other parts of the country by road,
rail and air. No R & R will be required. No national park or wildlife
Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from proposed project site.
As the easy availability of all necessary thing, the alternative for the
project site location is not thought of.
E-3 Size of the Project
The unit has been already involved in the manufacturing of CPC blue
crude and now, intends to expand it production capacity as under,
Sr. Product Existing New Total
No. capacity Capacity Capacity
in MT/ Addition in MT/
month in MT/month month
Product Expansion in existing Plants
01 Phthalocyanine Blue Crude 850 150 1000
02 Pigment Beta Blue-A/B 100 400 500
New Products Additions
01 Pigment Alpha Blue: 15 / 15.1 -- 60 60
02 Pigment Violet – 23 -- 25 25
03 Pigment Green – 7 -- 200 200
Grand Total of Capacities : 950 835 1785
Bye Products
1 Blue Crude Plant
Ammonium Sulphate/Carbonate 0 1200 1200
2 Pigment Green Plant
HCl - 20% 0 150 150
Sodium Hypochlorite solution - 12% 0 200 200
3 Alpha Blue Plant:
Dilute Sulphuric Acid - 30% 0 1370 1370

CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Total additional cost of projects will be 41.00 crores, out of which,

around 07 crores will be utilized for Environment Management
Systems.
E-4 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
To predict the impact of the proposed activities on the surrounding

environment the current base line environmental status was studied
by collecting the data and carrying out monitoring for the period of
December-10 to February-11. The environmental quality has been
analyzed with respect to ambient air quality, water quality, noise
levels, soil characteristics, flora & fauna and parameters concerning
human interest. Based on the data, the relevant impacts on various
environmental components were also predicted by using appropriate
mathematical models as well as impact assessment techniques. An
appropriate environmental management plan was also delineated to
minimize the adverse impacts.
E-5 Air Environment
The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 6 AAQM

locations including project site, with a frequency of twice a week, to
assess the existing sub-regional air quality status for Winter Season
i.e. December-10 to February-11. The Respirable Dust Sampler along
with the analytical methods prescribed by CPCB was used for
carrying out air quality monitoring. At all these sampling locations;
PM10, SO2 and NOx were monitored on 24-hourly basis and grab
sample were collected and analyzed for the HC and VOC to enable
the comparison with ambient air quality standards prescribed by
CPCB.
The data on concentrations of various pollutants were processed for
different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, standard
deviation, minimum and maximum concentration and various
percentile values.

Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)
The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM10

values at all the locations ranged between and 60-73 μg/m3 and 64-
79 μg/m3 respectively, meeting the CPCB standards of 100 μg/m3.
The 24-hourly concentration values show that the values are well
within the prescribed limit.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly SO2 at

all the locations ranged between 15-20 μg/m3 and 17-22 μg/m3
respectively, which are well within the stipulated standards of 80
μg/m3 for residential areas.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly NOx at

all the locations ranged between 14-21 μg/m3 and 17-25 μg/m3
respectively, which are much lower than the standards of 80 μg/m3,
stipulated by CPCB for residential areas.
E-6 Water Environment
Ground water quality
Color: All the Six samples were found colorless and meeting
desirable norms.
pH: All the samples meet the desirable standards (pH ranges from
7.1 to 7.6).
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in samples ranges from

857mg/l (Gametha) to 1164 mg/l (Kahanva). All the samples meet
the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l (If alternate sources of potable
water are not available).
Calcium: Calcium contents in the water ranges from 38 mg/l

(Gametha) to 54 mg/l (project site), all the samples meet the
desirable limit of 75 mg/l.

Magnesium: Magnesium content in the water ranges from 24 mg/l

(Karkhadi) to 47 mg/l (Tithor). All samples meet the permissible limit
of 100 mg/l. (If alternate sources of potable water are not available).
Sulfate: Sulfate content in the water ranges from 41 mg/l

(Karkhadi) to 63 mg/l (Kahanva). All samples meet the desirable
limit of 200 mg/l.
Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from

219 mg/l (Karkhadi) to 314 mg/l (project site). All the samples are
within the permissible limit of drinking water 600 mg/l for drinking
water (if alternate source of potable water is not available).
Heavy metals like copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and

zinc are well below to prescribe limit in all samples.
Other Parameters: Potassium (ranges from 31 mg/l to 44 mg/l),

Sodium (ranges from 180 mg/l to 265 mg/l), Chloride (ranges from
267 mg/l to 408 mg/l), and Iron (ranges from 0.16 mg/l to 0.29
mg/l). Samples were also analyzed for Phenolic compound (less than
0.001 mg/l in all samples).
Conclusions: Ground water samples from villages meets the

permissible limit set by the authority (BIS). Indian standard
specification for drinking water.
E-7 Noise Environment
The Leq values of noise levels during day-time varied between 53.5
to 61.5 dB(A) Highest Leq daytime value was recorded Project Site,
however it is less than the prescribed limit for the residential (75
dB(A)). The Leq values of noise levels during night time varied
between 39.5 to 57.4 dB (A). Highest Leq night time value was
recorded Nr. Project Site which is less than prescribed limit (70 dB
(A)).

E-8 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Air Environment
Since M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the main source of air
pollution is from flue gas stacks and process gas stack. However, the
unit has already provided adequate air pollution control measure.
After proposed expansion there will one boiler and Six thermic fluid heaters
& Five Spin Flash Dryer will be added.
Unit has proposed to install Bag Filter to flue gas stack and two stage
water scrubber to the process gas stack, which will also be adequate
to meet stipulated norms. Adequate stack height will also be
provided for proper dispersion of gaseous emission.
The unit has provided all the precautionary measures to control the
fugitive emission.
Air Quality Modelling and Predictions
It is predicted that the maximum contribution in GLCs, with units

operating at full capacity, is 3.205 μg/m3, 1.472 μg/m3 and 0.485
μg/m3 for SPM, SO2 and NOx respectively 2km away from Project
Site in N direction Where as NH3, HCl , Cl2 were 2.397, 0.291, and
0.125 respectively 1 km away from centre of industry in N direction.
With this marginal contribution due to the expansion of the project,
the levels of SPM, SO2 and NOX will be below residential area limit
prescribed by CPCB.
Water Environment
The additional water requirement for the proposed expansion will be
2105 KL/day, which will be satisfied through own bore well. Source of
water is existing bore well. The main industrial water requirement
will be for the process & washing, utilities, Domestic and gardening.
At present the industrial wastewater generation is 1482 KL/day which
will be reduce up to 1174 KL/day after proposed expansion.
The Company has already installed a full-fledged ETP plant which
comprises of neutralization, equalization, settling, aeration, filtration
through Carbon and sand filters to remove suspended particles. With

minor modifications in existing ETP plant to reduce the water

consumption. After treatment and meeting GPCB norms entire
quantity of treated industrial effluent will be discharged into Mahi
Creek through ECP channel.
The unit proposed ground water recharging sump at low lying area
which will be connected to the storm water drainage system. To
recharging the ground water during the rain, unit will be balanced
ground water.
Hazardous/Solid Waste Management
The main source of hazardous waste generation will be ETP sludge,
which will be sent to TSDF site operated by M/s. Naroda Enviro
Projects Ltd. (NEPL), Naroda-Ahmedabad for final disposal. The other
sources will be generation of discarded drums/barrels/liners/bags
and waste/spent oil respectively from the material handling and
storage and plant & machinery. The discarded
drums/barrels/liners/bags will be decontaminated and reused/sold to
approved scrap vendors whereas spent/waste oil will be reused
within premises as lubricant or sold to MoEF approved scrap vendors.
The unit has also provided isolated area within premises for the
storage and handling of hazardous waste with impervious floor and
roof cover.
Green Belt Development
The unit has already developed green belt on the area of 5475 sq mt.
which will be increased up to 29850 sq. mt. Thus, total area allotted
for the green belt development after proposed expansion will be @
35% of the total industrial area.
E-9 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING
The unit proposes to carry out post monitoring for the verification of
compliance of the GPCB norms and arrange the schedule for the
same. The details of the post monitoring facilities are given
hereunder,

Nature of Analysis Frequency of Analysis Number of

Sample
Stack Monitoring of Monthly At all stack
each stack
Ambient Air Quality Monthly for 24 hours or 3 Location
Monitoring as per the statutory
conditions
Industrial Effluent for Ones in a Month One Sample
applicable
parameters as per
the Consents
Conditions
E-10 Environment Management Plan
The overall objective of EMP is given hereunder,

Prevention: Measures aimed at impeding the occurrence of negative
environmental impacts and/or preventing such an occurrence having
harmful environmental impacts.
Preservation: Preventing any future actions that might adversely
affect an environmental resource or attribute.
Minimization: Limiting or reducing the degree, extent, magnitude,
or duration of adverse impacts.
EMP for M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. for proposed expansion
project covers following aspects:
- Description of mitigation measures
- Description of monitoring program
- Institutional arrangements
- Implementation schedule and reporting procedures
E-11 Qualitative Risk Analysis
Risk analysis and study have been carried out for identification of
hazards, selection of credible scenarios, Risk Mitigation measures etc.
All the hazardous chemicals will be stored and handled as per MSDS
guidelines.
E-12 Conclusion:
Base on the study

• The air pollution potential of the project will be mitigated by recovery

of process gas like NH3 and CO2 gas with provision of adequate
scrubbing system.
• The unit has also provided adequate air pollution control system for
the control of flue gas emission. Bag Filter will be a main pollution
control facilities for flue gas emission.
• Water pollution potential of the project will be mitigated by providing
proper treatment of effluent at proposed Effluent Treatment Plant
(ETP) and after meeting GPCB norms entire quantity of finally treated
effluent will be discharged into ECP channel.
• Cleaner production technology will be adopted for resources
conservation.
• Rainwater harvesting systems will be provided to replenish the
ground water resources.
• Adequate arrangement for Handling and disposal of Hazardous / solid
waste will be made.
• Fire protection and safely measures will be provided to take care of
fire and explosion hazard.
• Follow the suggestion of qualitative risk analysis study to minimize
the accident and safe operations.
• Follow the recommendation suggested in Environmental Management
Plan to minimize the impact of proposed expansion.
Considering the above points, it can be concluded from overall

assessment in terms of positive, negative effect on various environment
components that will be improved by M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd.
Overall direct and indirect employment opportunities, improvement in
basic infrastructures by development of industries etc. with negligible
impact on environments.
It can be concluded that on positive implementation of mitigation
measures and environmental management plan during the construction
and operational phase would have negligible impact on the environment.

CHAPTER-1
Introduction
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit located at Survey
No. 429 to 432, Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
State: Gujarat. The unit has been established in the year April, 2005.
Unit has been involved in manufacturing of CPC Blue Crude & Pigment
Beta Blue-A/B with 850 MT/month & 100 MT/month production
capacities.
Now, Unit envisage to increase the production capacity of CPC Blue
from 850 MT/month to 1000 MT/month, Pigment Beta Blue-A/B from
100 MT/month to 500 MT/month with introduce of three new products
– Pigment Alpha Blue: 15/15.1 with 60 MT/month, Pigment Violet-23
with 25 MT/month and Pigment Green-7/36 with 200 MT/month
production capacities.
The promoter Mr. Munjal M. Jaykrishna, Managing Director of the
company, A young and dynamic MBA has very good business
experience in the same field since last 15 years. The company is also
supported by other senior personal including Mr. S. R. Dhoble, a
Chemical Engineer and Vice President have more than 25 year
experience in the chemical industries and overall controlled by the
Executive Directors. The quality of the product has been dramatically
improved and the product has been accepted in the domestic and
international market. Since the unit also believes in the sustainable
development with production and product quality, the unit is equally
concern with the environment preservation and pollution control.
1.2 PURPOSE & NEED OF E.I.A
Environmental Impact Assessment (E.I.A) is a formal document

prepared by independent Environmental consultant, based on the
REIA report of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. 1-1

details/documents provided by the project. The EIA report summarizes

the process and results of the environmental analysis of a project
having the potential for significant and diverse impacts.
Environmental analysis is the process of evaluating the environmental
impact of a project and identifying ways to improve the project
environmentally by preventing, minimizing, mitigating and/ or
compensating for adverse impacts.
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. falls under the category of 5(f) of
schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 “Synthetic Organic Chemical
Industries (Dyes & Dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates
excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic
chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical
intermediates)” and categorized under “A” because unit is located
outside the notified industrial area and appraised at centre level.
Therefore, units require EC for proposed activities.
In view of the above, monitoring work has been carried out for all the
environmental attributers by M/s. San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. -
Ahmedabad.
The Environmental (Protection) Act-1986 (Environmental Impact
Assessment Notification, 2006) established the requirements for
preparing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in India. The EIAs
subsequently have been prepared, on an individual basis for
new/expansion of project. While the project specific EIAs have been
successful to varying extent in the incorporation of environmental
objectives in the project design, several experiments have been done
to address the issue of cumulative environmental impacts by carrying
out Regional Environmental Impact studies. This has given a basis for
evaluating total environmental impacts of the region and hence helped
in planning at the regional level. Other uses of EIA tool have been in
the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), now mandatory in
many industrialized countries, to evaluate environmental impacts of
policies and programs. Hence, EIA tool has been improvised and used

innovatively for assisting decision-makers in assessment of

environmental impacts and considering alternative mitigation
measures in a variety of situations.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is required to be carried out

only for certain categories of projects and the criteria for screening
have been provided in the Act. Thus, EIA is essentially made applicable
to industrial and developmental projects, which are more likely to have
significant environmental impacts. Different criteria have been used for
screening. Indian regulation utilizes project category based on the
Scale of Impact, Sensitivity of Impact and Nature of locations as the
primary criteria for deciding on the requirement of EIA for approval.
1.3 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) notification issued

by Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), New Delhi dated 14th
September 2006, setting up a new projects or activities, or on the
expansion or modernization of existing projects or activities based on
their potential environmental impacts as indicated in the Schedule to
the notification, being undertaken in any part of India, unless prior
environmental clearance has been accorded.
The proposed expansion of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is for CPC
crude and CPC Beta Blue with addition of three new products i.e.
Pigment Alpha Blue: 15/15.1, Pigment Violet-23, Pigment Green-7,
which are covered under the said EIA notification and require to carry
out Environmental Impact assessment for its proposed project and
also, require to prepare the report on the same for the perusal of MoEF
for judging the environmental compatibility of the project as discussed
during the presentation of Terms of Reference to Expert committee of
MoEF on dated 22nd October, 2010.

In view of the same, the monitoring/analysis as well EIA-Report

preparation work for the proposed expansion project of M/s. Asahi
Songwon Colors Ltd. has been carried out by M/s. San Envirotech Pvt.
Ltd., Ahmedabad- a reputed Environmental Consultant.
1.4 Regulatory Framework
The MoEF, CPCB and SPCBs together form the regulatory and
administrative core of the sector. Legislation for environmental
protection in India for chemical industry is mainly EIA Notification-
2006, water (Prevention & control of pollution) act-1974, Air
(Prevention & control of pollution) act-1981, Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977; Hazardous Wastes (Management
and Handling) Rules, amended time to time etc are major
Act/rules/notification applicable to industry.
1.5 Terms of reference accepted/issued by MoEF on 26/11/10.
As per the discussion during 15th meeting of the Expert Appraisal

Committee (Industry) held on 22nd and 23rd October, 2010 for the
preparation of EIA/EMP, the TOR has been finalized for the proposed
expansion of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. as given hereunder,
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No.
1 The proposal will be considered for We are planning to reduce effluent
discharge to ECP less than current
environmental clearance only when
level of discharged which was
permission from GPCB for disposal of consented by MoEF in EC letter
and GPCB in our CC & A letter.
treated effluent into Creak of Mahi
Granted quantity discharge to ECP
through ECP Channel is included or is 1482 m3/day and;
Proposed quantity to be discharged
other a commitment for adopting
to ECP 1174 m3/day.
Zero Discharge is being included. Pl. refer figure 2.1 (a, b & c) on
page no-2-43, 2-44 & 2.45 of
chapter-2.
2 Executive summary of the project Incorporated in the report as
separate chapter.
3 Justification of the project Justification of the project is given
in Section: 2.3 of Chapter-2 on

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Page no: 2-1.
4 Promoters and their back ground. Pls. refer Point: 1.1 of Chapter-1.
5 Regulatory framework Pls. refer Section: 1.4, page no-
1-4 of Chapter-1.
6 A map indicating location of the Pls. refer Figure: 1.2, page no-
project and distance from severely 1-20 of Chapter-1.
polluted area
7 Project location and plant layout. Project location described in Point:
2.2 on page: 2-1 of Chapter-2 &
Fig.: 1.2, page no-1-20 of
Chapter: 1. Layout is given in: Fig.
2.3 on page no. 2-47.
8 Infrastructure facilities including Pls. refer Point: 2.7 of Chapter-2
power sources. on page: 2-17.
9 Total cost of the project along with Cost of Proposed project will be 41
total capital cost and recurring crores including 7.0 crores for
cost/annum for environmental environment protection measures.
pollution control measures.
10 Project site location along with site Surface water bodies, forests etc.
map of 10 km area and site details cover map by satellite images is
providing various industries, surface given in Fig.: 1.3, page no-1-21 of
water bodies, forests etc. Chapter: 1. Details of major
Industries within 10 km radius is
given in table no-1.1 of chapter-1
on page no- 1-12.
11 Present land use based on satellite Land use/Land Cover Map by
imagery for the study area of 10 km satellite images is given in Figure:
radius. Location of National Park/Wild 3.11 on Page: 3-43 and table no-
life sanctuary/Reserve Forest within 3-14 on page no-3-28 of Cha: 3.
10 km radius of the project.
12 Forest Clearance in case the forest No protected Forest area covered
land is involved. within 10 km radius hence not
applicable.

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13 Details of the total land and break-up Table with total land area and
of the land use for green belt and break-up of the land use is given
other uses. in Point: 2.3 of Chapter-2 on page
2-2.
14 Data on existing ambient air, stack Data on existing ambient air are
emission, fugitive emissions data; prescribed in Table: 3.2 to 3.6 of
water requirement and water balance Chapter-3, page: 3-16 to 3-20 and
cycle; generation, re-utilization and Stack emission data in Table: 4.1
disposal of solid/hazardous waste for of Chapter-4, page no: 4-12
the existing plant and predicted whereas fugitive emissions data
increase in pollution load (GLCs) due are given in Table: 2.10 of
to proposed expansion should be Chapter: 2 on page: 2-39.
incorporated. Water requirement and water
balance diagram are given Table
2.4 of page no: 2-33 & Figure: 2.1
(a), 2.2 (b), on 2-44 & 2-45
respectively. Details of disposal of
solid/hazardous waste for the
existing plant are given in Table:
2.11 on page: 2-40 of Chapter-2.
Predicted increases in pollution
load (GLCs) due to proposed
expansion are mentioned in
tabulated form in Table 4.3 to 4.8 of
Chapter-4 on page no: 4-13 to 4-18.
15 All the environment clearances Compliance of CC&A, EC & NOC
accorded by the Ministry, Consent to and amended CC&A enclose as
Establish and Operate and point-wise Annexure-I.
compliance to the specific and
general conditions stipulated in the
environmental clearance and consent
to establish and operate for all the
existing plants.

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16 List of products along with the List of Products are described in
production capacities and list of Section: 2.5 & Table No.: 2.1 (A &
solvents and its recovery plan. B) of Chapter-2 on page No: 2-3 &
Provision of connecting reactor to 2-29. Inbuilt solvent recovery
chilled brine condenser system. system on RVD with connection of
cooling plant and brine chillers is
not require because high boiling
point of solvent i.e. 1880C.
17 Detailed list of raw material required Detailed of raw material required
and source, mode of storage and and source, mode of storage and
transportation. transportation are listed in Table
2.1(b) of Chapter-2 on Page No:
2-30. All raw materials are locally
available and transported by road
trucks.
18 Manufacturing process details along Details of all Manufacturing
with the chemical reactions. Process with Chemical Reaction are
described in Section: 2.6 of
Chapter-2 on 2-4 to 2-16.
19 Site-specific micro-meteorological Micro-meteorological data
data using temperature, relative summarised in Section: 3.2.3 of
humidity, hourly wind speed and Chapter-3 on Page No: 3-3 and
direction and rainfall is necessary. same is used for wind rose
diagram.
20 Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 Ambient air quality monitoring is
locations within the study area of 5 Discussed in Section: 3.2.4 on 3-5
km., aerial coverage from project & tabulated in Table 3.1 on page:
site. Location of one AAQMS in 3-15.
downwind direction. Figure: 3.6 shown all six locations
of AAQMS along with down wind
direction on page no: 3-38 of
Chapter-3.
21 One season site-specific micro- Meteorological data are

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meteorological data using summarized in Section: 3.2.3 on
temperature, relative humidity, page: 3-3 and tabulated in Table
hourly wind speed and direction and 3-1 to 3-6 of Chapter-3 on page
rainfall and AAQ data (except no: 3-15 to 3-20.
monsoon) for PM10, SO2, NOx Wind Rose diagram is given in Fig:
including HC and VOCs should be 3.7 on page: 3-39
collected. The monitoring stations Water monitoring in Table: 3.8 &
should take into account the pre- Fig: 3.8 on 3-23 & 3-40
dominant wind direction, population respectively.
zone and sensitive receptors including Noise monitoring in Table: 3.10 &
reserved forests. Data for water and Fig: 3.9 on page no: 3-25 & 3-41
noise monitoring should also be of Chapter-3.
included.
22 Air pollution control measures Air pollution control measures
proposed for the effective control of discussed in Section: 5.5.1 on 5-3
gaseous emissions within permissible & Section 2.8.3 B on 2-24 of
limits. Chapter-5 & Chapter-2
respectively.
APC measure with Stack details
tabulated in Table 2.8 of Chapter-2
on 2-36.
23 Design details of ETP, incinerator, if ETP details summarised in Table
any, along with control of Dioxin & 2.5 on page: 2-34 and ETP
Furan, boiler, scrubbers/bag filters Diagram given in Figure 2.3 on
etc. Page: 2-46 of Chapter-2,
incinerator is not required in our
case and Dioxin & Furan not
generated from process.
24 Details of water and air pollution and Discussed in point no-2.8.3 of
its mitigation plan. chapter-2 on page no-2-22.
25 Action plan to control ambient air Pls. refer Section: 5.5.2 & 5.5.3 of
quality as per NAAQES Standards Chapter-5 on page no: 5-5.
notified by the Ministry on 16th

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September, 2009.
26 An action plan to control and monitor Pls. refer Section: 5.5.2 & 5.5.3 of
secondary fugitive emissions from all Chapter-5 on page no: 5-5.
the sources as per the latest Pls. refer Table: 5.2 on Page no:
permissible limits issued by the 5.18 of Chapter-5.
Ministry vide G.S.R. 414(E) dated
30th May, 2008.
27 Determination of atmospheric Please go through Section: 4.2.6 &
inversion level at the project site and 4.2.7 of Chapter-4 on page: 4-5 &
assessment of ground level 4-6.
concentration of pollutants from the
stack emission based on site-specific
meteorological features. Air quality
modelling for proposed plant.
28 Permission for the drawl of 3,515 Due to recycling mechanism, raw
m3/day ground water and Narmada water requirement will be reduce
water from the CGWA/ SGWB/ from 2188 to 2105 m3/day and no
concerned authority. Water balance additional water require for
chart including quantity of effluent proposed expansion hence not
generated recycled and reused and applicable.
discharged. Action plan for Zero Pl. Refer fig-2.1 (a, b & c) on page
Discharge of effluent as proposed no: 2-43 for water recycling/reuse
should be included. and not increase wastewater after
expansion at current rate.
29 Ground water monitoring minimum at Ground Water Sampling Locations
6 locations should be carried out. is mapped in Fig:3.8 on page:
Geological features and Geo- 3-40 and
hydrological status of the study area Ground Water analysis report
and ecological status (Terrestrial and given in Table 3.8 on page: 3-23
Aquatic). of Chapter-3 where as Ecological
status discussed in Section: 3.7 on
3-13 and tabulated in Table: 3.17
& 3.18 on 3-33 & 3-35.

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30 The details of solid and hazardous Pls. refer Chapter-6 for hazardous
wastes generation, storage, waste characteristic and other
utilization and disposal particularly details.
related to the hazardous waste Ash disposal point in Section:
calorific value of hazardous waste and 2.8.3 D and Table 2.11 on page:
detailed characteristic of the 2-25 & 2-40 of Chapter-2.
hazardous waste. Action plan for the
disposal of fly ash generated from
boiler should be included.
31 Precautions to be taken during We follow the guideline MSDS of
storage and transportation of respective chemicals for storage
hazardous chemicals should be and transportation of hazardous
clearly mentioned and incorporated. chemicals.
32 Details of land fill along with design We will not going to create our
details as per CPCB guidelines. landfill site hence not applicable.
Location of secured land fill/TSDF. Unit has obtained membership of
M/s. Naroda Enviro Project Ltd.
(NEPL), Naroda.
33 Authorization/Membership for the Unit has taken membership of M/s.
disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and Naroda Enviro Project Ltd. (NEPL),
solid/ hazardous waste in TSDF. Naroda for disposal of solid/
hazardous waste. & Treated
effluent will be disposed through
ECP channel to Mahi Creek.
Membership letter from NEPL &
ECP authorities is enclosed as
Annexure-II.
34 Ground water monitoring around the We will not going to create our
project site as well as around land fill landfill site hence not applicable.
site
35 Risk assessment for storage for Pls. refer chapter-6.
chemicals/solvents and phosgenes.
Action plan for handling & safety

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system, whenever any cyanide is
involved in process.
36 An action plan to develop green belt Proponent has already planned to
in 33% area. develop 35% green belt area
(GBA).
Pl. refer point no 2.9.2 of chapter-
2 on page no-2-27.
37 Action plan for rainwater harvesting Pls. refer Point: 2.11 of Chapter-2
measures at plant site should be on Page no: 2-27.
included to harvest rainwater from
the roof tops and storm water drains
to recharge the ground water.
38 Occupational health of the workers Please go through Section: 5.7 of
and periodical monitoring should be Chapter-5 on Page: 5-10.
included.
39 Socio-economic development Socio-economic development
activities should be in place. activities are described in Section:
4.6 of Chapter-4 on Page No:
4-10.
40 Note on compliance to the As per Annexure-III.
recommendations mentioned in the
CREP guidelines.
41 Detailed Environment management Pls. refer chapter-5.
Plan (EMP) with specific reference to
details of air pollution control system,
water & wastewater management,
monitoring frequency, responsibility
and time bound implementation plan
for mitigation measure should be
provided.
42 EMP should include the concept of Please refer Section: 5.5.5 of
waste-minimization, recycle/ reuse/ Chapter-5 on page no: 5-6 and
recover techniques, Energy figure 2.1 (a, b & c) for recycle/

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conservation, and natural resource reuse/ recover techniques of water
conservation. on page: 2-43 and Sec: 2.9 for
resource conservation on page no-
2-27 of chapter-2.
43 Total capital cost and recurring Please go through Section: 2.4 of
cost/annum for environmental Chapter-2 on page: 2-3.
pollution control measures.
44 Any litigation pending against the No
project and/or any direction/order
passed by any Court of Law against
the project, if so, details thereof.
45 Public hearing issues raised and Incorporate after public hearing
commitments made by the project
proponent on the same should be
included separately in EIA/EMP
Report in the form of tabular chart
with financial budget for complying
with the commitments made.
46 A tabular chart with index for point Done
wise compliance of above TORs.
1.6 INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS

Major industries working in study area are summarized in Table 1.1:
Sr. Name of Industries Type of activities Distance from
No. the project site
1. Mayur Dyechem H-Acid & V.S. 0.5
2. Sunpharma Pvt Ltd. Pharma Product 0.6
3. Alembic Ltd. API / Bulk Drugs 0.7
4. Sterling Gelatin Gelatin Powder 1
5. Solaris Pvt Ltd. (Solaris Bromine Related
1.1
Biotech) Products
6. Bestvalue Chemical Pvt Ltd. Detergent Product 1.5
7. S.D. Intermidates Pvt Ltd. Dyes 1.6
8. Ami Lifescience Pvt Ltd. API / Bulk Drugs 1.7
9. Quebec Pvt Ltd. Petroleum Product 1.8
10. Saraswati Pigment Pigment 1.8
11. Shivam Engineering Engineering Works 1.9
12. Transmetal Chemicals Chlorinated products 2

13. Cadillac Chemicals Fine chemicals 2.1

14. Vishal Engineering Engineering Works 2.2
15. Philodin Chemicals Chemical 2.2
16. Kiri Dyes & Chemicals H-Acid & V.S. 0.3
17. Losen Kiri chemicals Dyes 0.9
18. Synergy Pvt Ltd. PAC 1
19. Kiri Dyes & Chemicals Sulphuric Acid 1.2
20. I.S. Dyes Stuff V.S. 1.4
21. Aden Pharmaceuticals Pharma Product 1.4
22. Prathana Chemicals Chemical 1.5
23. Satandar Ice Factory Ice 1.8
24. Bodal Chemicals Dyes Intermediates 2
25. Shanti Chemicals Chemical 2.2
1.7 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES
The EIA is intended to provide for the protection, conservation and

wise management of environment through planning and informed
decision making.
Following are the guiding principles:
 To help decision-makers to protect, conserve and manage
environment according to the principles of sustainable
development, thereby achieving or monitoring human well being, a
healthy environment and a sound economy.
 To ensure that the industries consider the effect on the health,
economy and culture of the surrounding communities as well as its
impacts on the air, land and water.
 To ensure communication of information to Public.
1.8 THE STUDY AREA
Project Site
The existing unit of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is located at Survey
No.: 429 to 432, Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
Gujarat. Since the unit has adequate land for the expansion and site
location is preferable, the proposed project will be carried out in the
same premises.
The location map is shown at Figure 1.1.

Study Area Features
Longitude: 22011’35.47” N
Latitude: 72053’55.47” E

Project Components
The proposed expansion will be in the existing premises located at
Survey No. 429 to 432, Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.:
Vadodara, State: Gujarat, having all basic necessary facilities like
infrastructure, communication, medical facilities, power, natural gas,
communication system, well design effluent management facilities
(Water+ Hazardous /solid), raw material availability as well market for
the finished products etc.
The project location is mentioned in the location map attached as
Figure: 1.1.A useful way of identifying many of the potential impacts
of a project is to consider all the aspects of the projects and its
receiving environment and systematically identify the potential for
interactions between them. The first step is to draw up a list of all
project components and activities during each phase of its
implementation. The possible components of proposed project could
lead to environmental impacts are described in this section based on
the understanding of Chemical industry.

Environmental Components
Defining all the possible aspects of the environment is essential for

identification of potential impacts. This may cover features of the
environment (e.g. habitats, settlements, and historic sites); aspects of
environmental quality (e.g. air quality, water quality, noise, physical
conditions, soil stability and hydrology) and uses of the environment
(e.g. agriculture, recreation and fishing). This will be done with
generation of base line data.
1.9 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
The unit is an existing unit, located at Survey No. 429 to 432, Village:
Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara, State: Gujarat. The unit
has been already in existence and the unit is good familiar with the
surrounding environment, therefore, it becomes easy for the unit to
expand the project in the same premises. However, the base of
selection of site was primarily based on the availability of the following
amenities:
 Availability of all basic facilities like fuel, water, power,
manpower, raw materials, etc.
 The nearest town Baroda is only 30 km away from the project
site which is very well connected with other parts of the country
by road, rail and air.
 Good communication and transportation facilities
 A treated Effluent disposal facility is also very near to project site
i.e. Effluent Channel Projects.
 No R & R will be required
 No national park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial
distance from proposed project site.
1.10 OBJECTIVES OF EIA

EIA is a policy and management tool for both planning and decision
making. EIA assists in identification, prediction and evaluation of the

foreseeable environmental consequences of proposed developmental

and industrial projects.
The objectives of the present EIA Study is to assess the impacts on

various environmental components due to the proposed project and to
recommend appropriate environmental management plant for the unit
to ensure that the adverse impacts if any will be minimized. Moreover
to prepare an Environmental Statement to indicate conclusively if the
overall impacts are positive or negative.
1.11 SCOPE OF EIA
The scope of present Environment Impact Assessment includes

following studies,
 Collection and evaluation of project details and related documents
 Analysis of the quality of gaseous emission, wastewater analysis,
hazardous waste generation based on the monitoring results for
the last one year
 Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project
 Collection and evaluation of present environmental baseline status
within an impact zone of 5-km radial distance from the project
site on environmental parameters/attributes considering the
proposed activities like,
 Ambient Air quality
 Water quality and surrounding environmental water bodies.
 Soil quality
 Noise levels
 Meteorology and climates.
 Land use pattern and socio-economic status
 Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial and
adverse impacts on surrounding environment due to proposed
project activities considering the existing baseline status along
with compilation of other information
 Identify the sources and impact of hazards, if any

 Base on the same suggest and design risk assessment plant and
disaster management plant to prevent any hazard
 Preparation of final Environmental Impact Statement & EMP
1.12 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA
 Environmental Assessment (EA), another term used in the

environmental studies, refers to an understanding of the present
status of environment and a study of how to manage them.
Keeping in view the nature and size of the proposed project and
industrial area and various guidelines available, it was decided to
cover an area of 5-km radius from the center of proposed plant
site for the purpose of environmental impact assessment study.
The methodology is briefly reported below and has been described
in this section.
Baseline data Collection
The baseline data for the impact zone have been generated for the
following environmental parameters:
 Ambient Air Quality
 Micrometeorology
 Noise Levels
 Surface and ground water quality
 Soil Quality
 Flora and fauna
 Land use pattern
 Occupational structure and socio-economics
The baseline status of the above environmental parameters has
been worked out based on the rapid monitoring/analysis carried out
during the study period of December-10 to February-11 supplemented
by data collected from various government departments, census
publications etc.
Evaluation of Impact from Project Activities The environmental

Impact resulting from the various project activities, have been

identified, predicted and evaluated based on the study of

manufacturing process and other project related activities as well as
correlating the same with existing base line status.
Preparation of Environmental Management Plan
Environmental Management plan has been prepared covering pollution

prevention measures at source in terms of air and water pollution
control measures, solid waste/hazardous waste management, safety
management, green belt development, environmental surveillance and
environmental management team.
Finally, the detailed assessment of the resultant environmental

impacts have been made based on the impacts identification and
evaluated from the activities over the baseline status of various
environmental components.

Figure 1.1
Location Map
Asahi Songwon

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3
Asahi

Chapter 2
Project Description
2.1 INTRODUCTION
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit located at survey
no. 429 to 432, village: Dhudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
State: Gujarat. Now, the unit proposes to expand its production
capacity of CPC Blue and Pigment Beta Blue-A/B in existing product
with capacity of 850 MT/month & 100 Mt/Month respectively. Now
Unit envisage to increase the production capacity of CPC Blue from
850 MT/Month to 1000 MT/month, Pigment Beta Blue from 100
MT/Month to 500 MT/Month with introduce of three new product –
Pigment Alpha Blue with 60 MT/month, Pigment Violet – 23 with 25
MT/Month and Pigment Green – 7/36 with 200 MT/Month.
2.2 LOCATION
The unit is existing unit, located at Survey No. 429 to 432, Village:
Dhudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara, State: Gujarat.
The location of the project site is given hereunder in terms of
longitude and latitude.
Longitude : 22011’35.47” N
Latitude : 72053’55.47” E
2.3 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT:

Since last few years’ company has esteemed growth in this field due
to talented science qualified staff. From this Company has achieved
excellent improvement in its product quality with sustainable
environmental development. Moreover due to good quality product,
demand of product has been also increased from last few years in
both National & International market. In view of the availability of

scientific staff that able to develop sustainable process at relatively

low cost, and high demand of product in market company has
decided to expand its production capacity of CPC Blue and Pigment
Beta Blue-A/B in existing product with capacity of 850 MT/month &
100 Mt/Month respectively in the existing unit located at survey no.
429 to 432, village: Dhudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
State: Gujarat.
LAND REQUIREMENT
Since the proposed expansion is in the existing premises
admeasuring total area of the premises of 85259 sq. mt. Out of
which @ 16306 sq. mt. area has been already utilized for existing
production. The detail break of the area is given hereunder,
Sr Particular Area, sq. mt.

No. Existing Proposed After
required expansion
1 Plant Facilities 1470 4295 5765
2 Storage (Fuel) 360 1653 2013
3 Storage (Water) 300 500 800
4 Storage (Hazardous Waste) 273 2860 3133
5 Storage (Hazardous Chem.) 300 648 948
6 Storage (Others) 720 2120 2840
7 Utilities 398 1675 2073
8 Approach Road(s) 2000 5600 7600
9 Green Belt 5475 24375 29850
10 ETP 2160 1742 3902
11 Office 150 607 757
12 Parking 2700 1215 3915
13 Open to Sky 68953 37969 21663
Total 85259 85259 85259

The project in house main factory building, go down, effluent

treatment facility, storage tank yard, various utilities required for the
product etc. Existing constructed area includes plant area, storage
area and Effluent Treatment Plant along with office building. The site
plan and factory lay out is also attached herewith as Drawing-2.3.
2.4 CAPITAL INVESTMENT

Total additional cost of projects will be 41.00 crores, out of which,
around 07 crores will be utilized for Environment Management
Systems.
2.5 PRODUCT AND SIZE OF THE UNIT

The unit has been already involved in the manufacturing of CPC blue
crude and now, intends to expand it production capacity as under,
Sr. Product Existing New Capacity Total

No. capacity Addition Capacity
in (MT) in (MT) / in (MT) /
/ month month month
01 Pigment Alpha Blue : 15 / 15.1 -- 60 60
03 Pigment Green – 7/36 -- 200 200
Bye Products
1 Blue Crude Plant
Ammonium Carbonate /Ammonium 0 600/1200 600/1200
Sulphate
HCl - 20% 0 150 150
3 Alpha Blue Plant:

2.6 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

The manufacturing process for existing and proposed products is
given hereunder,
2.6.1 CPC Blue Crude
BASIC CHEMICAL REACTIONS
4C8H4O3+2CO (NH2)2. 130°C ~ 140°C 4C8 NO2H5 + 2CO2 + 2H2O

Phthalamide Eq.-I
140°C~170°C
4C8 NO2H5+8CO(NH2)2. 4C8 H7NO2+2CO2+2H2O
Di-Amino Phthalamide
180°C~190°C Eq.–II
4C8H7N3+CuCl . C32H16N8Cu+NH4Cl+1/6N2+2/3 NH3
Ammonium Molybdate CPC Blue Equ - III
Manufacturing Process:
(1) Charge required quantity of Phthalic Anhydride, Urea in a Glass
Vessel, which is already having a solvent at desire temperature.
(2) Heating the content to higher temperature and then, addition of
catalyst and Cuprous Chloride to it.
(3) Raise the temperature of the reaction mass at desire temperature
and maintain this temperature for 6/8 hours.
(4) After reaction is over, draw the sample and check for complete
conversion of Phthalic Anhydride to CPC Blue Crude.
(5) Discharge the batch into Horizontal Rotary Vacuum Dryer (HRVD)
and remove the solvent under vacuum. After complete removal of
solvent add water to the Horizontal Rotary Vacuum Dryer (HRVD)
and transfer the material to treatment tank.
(6) Give the requisite treatment to CPC Blue Crude and filter it
through PP Filter Press.
(7) Dry the material using Spin Flash Dryer (SFD) and collect the
dried powder in bags and send it to Godown.

Process Flow Diagram for CPC Blue Crude:
Input Kgs Output Kgs
Cuprous 355 NH3, CO2

Chloride Scrubber
Phthalic 2100
Anhydrous
Urea 2800
Recovered 5200 Glass vessel
solvent Weak Ammonium
Sulphate sol & 11000
Ammo. 7.0
Molybdate solvent
Water 8000
Solvent
Steam 1950 Rotary Vacuum Dryer
Water 3980
Steam 1750 Recovered Solvent 5120

Acidic ML 3750
from Alpha
Blue
Acidic Treatment Steam Condensate 942
30% H2SO4 695
Water 6595
Steam 1750 Filtration & Washing ML + Wash Water 25500

Water 14250
Steam 1950
Water 3980 Alkali Treatment
Caustic lye 300
Steam 1750 Filtration & Washing

Water Alkali ML + Wash 38350
24250
Water
Spin Flash Dryer Evaporation loss

2500
Bagging Products 2000
Storage
85412
85412

2.6.2 CPC Beta Blue

Chemical Reaction
No chemical reaction is involved in the manufacturing of CPC Beta
Blue, only unit operations/ processes will be involved.
Manufacturing Process
(1) Charge RVD dried Blue Crude to Blender and homogenize the
mass for 2 hours.
(2) Add required quantities of Sulphuric acid to the blender.
(3) Blend the mass for 2-3 hours and remove the powder
(4) Now. Mill the powder in swing Mill or in Ball mill.
(5) The milling permeation should be carried out for at least 2
hours.
(6) After milling the material, charge the powder to acid leaching
tank (MS/BL). Add required quantity of Sulphuric acid to the
tank and make concentration of Sulphuric acid equal to 21% by
adding fresh water.
(7) Heat the contents at require temperature and maintain for 2
hours.
(8) Filter the material and wash it to neutral pH and remove the
cake.
(9) Now, charge the wet cake into water and disperse the wet cake
by agitation.
(10) Rotate the slurry through Gyrator for 2 hours to break
agglomerate formed during the process. Now, add solvent,
Caustic Lye (48%) and emulsifier.
(11) Mix the material thoroughly and heat the contents till the reflux
stars. Continue the reflux of solvent for 5 hours and then, start
recovery of the same.

(12) Starts collecting recovered solvent in a separate tank and at

the end of the recovery inject live steam into the vessel to
recover max. Quantity of solvent.
(13) Filter the mass under hot condition and wash the material to
neutral pH.
(14) Dump the wet cake in re-slurry vessel and adjust the pH in
between 6.5 to 7.5 by 98% Sulphuric acid.
(15) Filter the material and bring the pH of wet cake to neutral. Give
Final wash of RO/DM water to the wet cake till the conductivity
of filtrate is found to be less than 100 micro ohms/Cm.
(16) Route the wet cake to SFD for drying purpose and collect the
material in the HDPE/ Jumbo bags.
(17) If necessary, blend the material in the blender and pack the
material in PP bags or Jumbo bags depending upon the
requirement of the plant.

Material Balance Diagram:

2.6.3 Pigment Alpha Blue: 15 / 15.1
o Blue Crude is grinded in a Ball Mill or a Swing Mill.
o The grinded material is dissolved in Sulphuric Acid in a glass

vessel under cooling.
o The dissolved material is dumped into cold water in FRP drowning

vessel where the pigment particle gets separated.
o The material is filtered, washed and the cake is transferred to

another vessel for treatment.
o In treatment vessel distilled / RO water is taken and the wet cake

is added. Additives are added according to the product quality
desired. Caustic is also added to bring pH more than 9. The
material is heated to a certain temperature and filtered through
PP Filter press. The filter press is washed with plenty of water till
the pH of filtrate is neutral.
o The wet cake is dried in Spin Flash Dryer and the material is
collected in jumbo bags and dispatched to godown for sale.

Process Flow Diagram for Pigment Alpha Blue: 15/15.1
Input KGS Output KGS
CPC 1000 Vibration/Ball

Blue
milling
Sulphuric Acid
Sulphuric acid 6000

Wash Water 3000 Acid Swelling
Alpha Wash 11000 Drawing & Leaching

Water
Steam 250 Filtration Reuse in 31250

Wash Water 13000 Alpha + CPC Blue
Steam 500 Treatment

Additive I & II 22
Alpha Wash Water 6500
Filtration ML+Wash Water to BC

Steam 16500 23750
plant Reuse in Alpha
loss-70 250
Blue
Drying in SFD Evaporation 2022
Blending
Packing Product 1000
Total Total
58022 Dispatch 58022
Whole ML+Wash water is reuse in process so no load on ETP

2.6.4 CPC GREEN – 7/36:
• Chlorine/Bromine gas is reacted with CPC Blue in a eutetic mixture of

Aluminium Chloride and Sodium Chloride in presence of Cupric Chloride.
• The reaction is carried out at high temperature and it is continuously

monitored for completion of reaction.
• After the reaction is over the material is dumped in water and filtered. The
Mother Liquor is collected in ETP plant and sold to textile mills.
• In the filter, wash the cake to neutral pH, then, it is removed from the filter
press.
• The wet cake further purified in the pigmentation vessel in presence of

solvent and other ingredients.
• After the solvent finishing is over the material is filtered again and washed
with water to bring the pH neutral.
• Wet cake is removed from the filter press and dried in Spin Flash Dryer to
recover the CPC Green powder.
• The powder is packed in 20 kgs. Bags or in jumbo bags and dispatched to

go down.
Reaction:
AlCl3 + NaCl/NaBr
CPC Blue + Cl2 /Br2 CPC Green + HCl /HBr
CuCl2

Chemical reaction and structure for Pigment Green-7
+
N N N
Cl
2-
+ Cl +
Cl Cl Al
+ Na Cl
N Cu N Cl
+
N N N
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
+
Cl N N N Cl
Cl Cl
2-
N Cu N + HCl
Cl Cl
Cl + Cl
N N N
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
Note: For PG-36 Raw material is change

PG-7 PG-36
Chlorine Bromine
NaCl NaBr
HCl HBr

Process Flow Diagram for CPC Green (Pigment Green-7/36)
Chlorine 1500 750

HCl
Aluminum Chloride 2800 Chlorination 1000
CPC Blue 800 Hypo
Sodium
Chloride/Bromine 600
Cupric Chloride 90
Water 1200
Dumping ML for 3200

Water 300
sale
Steam 1440 Wash 24800

Water Filtration
23560 Water
Water 5000
Xylene 6000
Caustic 350 Pigmentation/ Solvent 5700
Treatment Loss 300
Emulsifier 50
Steam 4320
Steam 1440 36760

Filter ML to ETP
Hot water 23560
Dryer Evaporation 2200
Blender
Bagging & 1000

storage
Total Total
75710 75710

2.6.5 Pigment Violet – 23:
• Carbazole is an ethoxylated with Ethyl Sulphate. The product is

centrifuged and washed with methanol to remove the impurities.
• Wet cake removed from the Centrifuge is mixed with Chloronil in

presence of solvent and the mixture is taken to Nitrator.
• In Nitration reaction, concentrated Nitric Acid is added to this mixture

at controlled rate and under cooling and the fumes are continuously
removed from the vessel. After the nitration is over the material is
dumped to reduction vessel.
• In reduction vessel the nitrated mass is reduced with iron powder /

hydrogen and the reduced mass is filtered in a neutch filtrate and the
wet cake is further treated with a solvent to remove the impurities.
• The solvent treated material is centrifuged and dried in a tray dryer

and grinded in Ball Mill. The material so obtained is known as Crude
Violet.
Solvent finishing
• The Crude Violet is treated with Hydrochloric Acid under certain

temperature and the material is filtered and washed with water to
neutral pH.
• The wet cake is further treated with Solvent and additives in

pigmentation vessel and the pigmentation is carried out in presence
of solvent.
• After the pigmentation the material is filtered, washed, dried and

packed, and packed material sent to the godown for sale.

Chemical reaction and structure for Pigment Violet-23
CH 3
H
N O N
+ H 3C S OH
O
CH 3 CH 3 O
+
O N -
N N O
+
+ HO N
-
O
CH 3 O CH 3 H
O
+ N
N - 2+ N
N O Fe H
+ HO CH 3
H2
H Cl
CH 3
N Cl O
N H
+ O Cl
+H N
N
Cl H CH 3
CH 3 H Cl
N O
N
O N
N
Cl CH 3
H

Flow Chart for Pigment Violet-23

Carbazole 1100
MCB 880
Caustic Soda 1400
Ethylation MCB recover 850
Diethyl Sulphate 880
Additive 50
Water 1000 Centrifuging Effluent 1500
Nitric Acid 1214 Nitration

Water 600
Iron powder/ 260

Hydrogen 346 Reduction
Acidic Acid 85
Soda Ash 75
ODCB 2450
Effluent 1658
Neutch Filter
ODCB Steam Sludge 650
loss-70
Catalyst 94
Chloronil 147 Cyclisatim Recovery Reuse
Benzene Sulphonly 102 ODCB 2300
Chloride
MeOH Distillation
MeOH 1700 Neutch Filter

MeOH 1700
Tray Dryer
Milling
Additives 25
Pigmentation
MCB 1250 Solvent-MCB 1200
Water 5500 Filtration/Washing 5500
2800
Drying/Pulverization
Packing 1000
Total 19158
Total 19158

2.7 INPUT REQUIREMENTS

2.7.1 Raw Material Requirement
The details of the raw material requirement are given in
Table-2.1.B
2.7.2 Water
The unit has their own bore wells within premises to satisfy its fresh
water requirement. At present the total fresh water requirement is
2188 KL/day which will be reduced up to 2105 KL/day even after
proposed expansion through Implementations of water recycle
mechanism.
The details breakup of the water consumption is given in Table:-2.4.
The water Balance diagrams for existing, and after proposed
expansion are given in Figure-2.1(a) to Figure-2.1(b).
2.7.3 Fuel
At present there are two steam boiler having steam generation
capacity of 2.5 TPH & 10 TPH FBC Boiler and Six Thermic fluid
heaters of 800u & 500ux2 TPH, 1500x2 TPH & 1000 TPH capacity
respectively, where coal / lignite is used as fuel.
After proposed expansion there will one boiler and Six thermic fluid
heaters & Five Spin Flash Dryer will be added. The details of stack
and process emission are tabulated in table no-2.8. Details of fuel
consumption are summarized in table no-2.7.
2.7.4 Power
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. fulfills power requirement through
Madhya Gujarat Vij Utpadan Company Limited (MGVUC). At present
the connected load is 750 KWH and after proposed expansion it will
be increased up to 96+750 KWH. Source of power remain same i.e.
Madhya Gujarat Vij Utpadan Company Limited (MGVUC).

2.7.5 DEMATERIALIZED WATER SYSTEM

The DM plant will meet the requirement of process water, make-up
requirement of steam generators, cooling tower etc. and the input to
the DM plant will be drawn from the own bore well.
2.7.6 REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) SYSTEM

The RO plant shall consist of following in 2 X 70 % configuration:
High pressure feed pumps and PX booster pump (as applicable)
Membrane element assembly unit
Energy recovery Turbine / Pressure exchanger
Auto dumping system
Suck back tank
Permeate water booster pump
Clean in place system
Flushing water system
Water from the bore well is fed to the RO plant, at the suction of the
High-pressure feed pump. The high-pressure pump pressurizes and
feeds it to the membrane assembly unit. A set of High pressure
pump / recovery turbine or Pressure exchanger and the Membrane
element assembly unit forms a train in the RO plant.
In case of pressure exchanger being used for energy recovery, a PX
booster pump shall be installed in a parallel with main HP pump.
To avoid excess back pressure on the permeates, permeate booster
shall be provided.
Brine leaving the permeator outlet connection at a pressure close to
the feed pressure shall be by a flow control valve.
The permeate water is discharged to product water system where the
permeate water will be treated to correct pH. Stored product water
will be then transported to the consumption destination by product
water system.

2.8 GENERATION OF POLLUTANTS

2.8.1 EXISTING MANUFACTURING ACTIVITIES
A) Process Effluents from Existing Products
The main source of the industrial wastewater generation is process,
washing and utilities. The entire quantity of the industrial wastewater
is segregated in to three parts as per the concentration,
(i) concentrated stream (i.e. ML of acidic treatment of CPC Blue)
(ii) general/weak stream from manufacturing activities of other
product from Manufacturing stream
(iii) Effluent from the utility section i.e. RO reject, DM plant
regeneration, cooling bleed off, boiler blow down etc.
The unit has also provided its own Effluent Treatment Plant
comprising of primary and secondary treatment units to treat the
industrial effluent being generated from the existing production
activities and, then after finally treated industrial effluent is
discharged into ECP channel.
The details of the wastewater generation and Effluent Treatment
plant are depicted in Table-2.4.
B) Gaseous Emissions
The main sources of the air pollution from the existing industrial
activities are flue gas emission and process gas emission. The flue
gas emission is from the common stack attached to steam boiler and
Six nos. of thermic fluid heaters due to combustion of fuel which are
attached to three stack.
Whereas the process gas emission is from the one process gas stack
attached to process vessels (1 to 4), second process stack attached
to Process Vessel (5 to 6) and three process stack attached to spin
flash dryers. Details of pollutant with stack height and APCM
measures are summarized in Table No. 2.8.

C) Fugitive Emission
There are also chances of the fugitive emission due to handling of
process gas emission and hazardous chemicals as well as due to
liberation of the excess solvents from the reactors.
However, to prevent the same the unit takes all the precautionary
measures like adequate scrubbing system to absorb the process gas
and to carry out entire process in the closed reactors, etc. Work
place environment for existing activities are given in Table No.
2.10.
D) Hazardous/Solid waste
The main source of hazardous waste generation is ETP sludge from
the Effluent Treatment facilities. The other sources are discarded
barrels/bags/liners/drums and spent/waste oil from the material
handling and storage and plant & machinery.
The details of the hazardous waste are given Table-2.11 & 2.12.
E) Noise
Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech
and hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise
annoying. The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it
has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment. Noise
can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological system. Sound is
mechanical energy from a vibrating surface, transmitted by cyclic
series of compression and rarefaction of molecules of the materials
through which it passes.
Sound can be transmitted through gases, liquids and solids. The
number of compressions and rarefactions of the air molecules in the
unit of time is described as its frequency. Frequency is expressed in
hertz (Hz), which is the same as the number of cycles per second.
Noise monitoring for existing plant activities ate given in Table No.
2.13.

2.8.2 PROPOSED EXPANDED CAPACITY

Since the unit proposes to enhance the production capacity of its
existing product with introduction of three new products, there will
be increased in the pollution load due to proposed expansion. The
details are given hereunder,
Liquid Effluents-After proposed capacity
Since most of the industrial activities will be remained same after
proposed expansion, except increased in wastewater generation from
process & utilities. However, after proposed expansion the industrial
wastewater generation will be reduce due to recycling of treated
wastewater.
The unit is also going to continue its current practice of the

wastewater management and entire quantity of the industrial
wastewater will be segregated into three parts depending upon the
concentration. Entire quantity of industrial waste water will be
treated at its own ETP after and finally discharged into ECP channel
which convey the treated effluent into river Mahi Creek.
At present our wastewater discharge is tune around 1482 KL/day

which will be reduced up to 1174 after proposed expansion.
Justification of wastewater reduction after expansion is given in
Figure-2.1(c). (Recycling of water).
The details of the wastewater generation after proposed expansion
and Effluent Treatment plant are depicted in Table-2.4 and Table-
2.5.
To maintain or reduce the wastewater discharge into ECP channel

which convey the treated effluent into river Mahi Creek, unit
proposed to install a RO & Multi effect evaporation systems. The

details of recycling systems are summarized in point no-2.8 and

water balance diagram is work out as per figure-2.1 (b).
B) Gaseous Emissions
In addition to existing sources of air pollutions, there will be one
stack of flue gases (steam boiler and six nos. of thermic fluid
heaters), two process gases and four vents for Spin flash dryers will be
added. Details of pollutant with stack height and APCM measures are
summarized in table no-2.8.
C) Hazardous/ Solid waste
The sources of hazardous waste generation will also be remained
unchanged after proposed expansion however, there will be
increased in the quantity of the hazardous waste generation. Details
of existing source and quantity and addition after proposed
expansion are summarized in Table-2.11.
D) Noise
Power plant will be the major source of noise pollution generation in
addition to existing noise level.
2.8.3 POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGY

A) Effluent Management
After proposed expansion, industrial effluent treat/handle in our
existing ETP, this is adequate after reduction of industrial
wastewater. The detail of effluent treatment scheme is given
hereunder.
There will be mainly three streams generated during the

manufacturing process (i) concentrated stream (i.e ML of acidic
treatment of CPC Blue) (ii) general/weak stream from manufacturing
activities of other product from Manufacturing stream and (iii)
effluent from the utility section i.e. RO reject, DM, plant
regeneration, cooling bleed off, boiler blow down etc. The effluent

treatment plant is based on segregation system of difference

streams.
ETP Description: The Company has planned to reuse 1837 KL
water per day therefore the amount of Fresh water need will be
around 2105 KL. for processing, steam generation, cooling owers
evaporation, drinking, sanitation, gardening, etc. Details are shown
in Figure No- 2.1 (b) & (c). It is estimated that almost 3100 KL/d
of waste water shall be generated from various processes. Part of the
waste water shall be highly acidic in nature and it will be consumed
in the unit itself and/or sold to end user. This load may further
dropped down if RO rejected is further refined in RO plant to get
good quality of water and further followed with reuse membrane
technology to reduce the load on discharged to ECP Channel. Thus
total load on ETP will be 1174 KL/d. The Company has already
installed a full-fledged ETP plant which comprises of neutralization,
equalization, settling, aeration, filtration through Carbon and sand
filters to remove suspended particles. With minor modifications in
existing ETP plant and taking more efforts to reduce the water
consumption, unit can treat its waste water in existing facility with
some additions of the other equipments.
Copper Removal:
Since the unit is using Cuprous Chloride in the process and hence
Copper is coming in the effluent. Copper is removed by adding
chemical `x’ to the effluent and removed by filtration. The Copper
free effluent is taken to ETP plant for further treatment. The
recovered copper sludge will be sold in the market for recovery of
Copper by manifest mechanism and taking care to sell only
CPCB/GPCB registered recycler which has registration Certificate-
cum-Pass Book for Re-refining/Recycling of Hazardous Wastes.

R.O Regeneration of effluent water & Multi effect evaporator

Water Balance Diagram
CPC blue guide

Acidic ML Copper Treatment &
216 m3 /day Stripping
CPC blue guide

Acidic wash Permeate
450 m3 /day 910 m3 /day
Collection & Reverse

Primary Osmosis Reject Water
Alkaline Equalization Bioreactor
Treatment 1296 m3/day 386 m3 /day
Treatment 1296 m3 /day
630 m3 /day
MEE
526 m3 /day
Recovered
487 m3 /day
Beta Blue WW
PSF-ASF-UF RO
630 m3/day
630 m3 /day 580 m3/day
580
Solid waste Loss

10 m3 /day 29 m3 /day
RO Reject
140 m3 /day
Back Wash Reuse Water
50 m3/day 440 m3 /day
Disposal to MEE
140 m3 /day
B) Air Pollution Control

The unit has already provided separate dust collector as air pollution
control measures to the flue gas stack. The unit has also provided
adequate scrubbing system comprising of three stages of water
scrubbers to absorb the process gas generating from the process
reactors for recovery of by-products and controlling the emission
levels as per GPCB norms.
After proposed expansion, as mentioned in above section there will
also be increased in the flue gas stacks due to installation of one new

steam boiler where the unit proposes to install Dust collector-Bag

filter as air pollution control measures.
There will also addition of process gas stack where the unit proposes
to continue its current practice of scrubbing system and will install
the three stage of water scrubbing system, which will be adequate to
meet gaseous emission norms recognized by GPCB.
The unit has already provided adequate stack height of 32.0 m for
flue gas stacks and 15.0 m to process gas emission for the proper
dispersion of the gaseous emission and minimizing the impact of air
pollution at ground level. Now, the unit also proposes to provide
stack height of @ 32.0 m to the proposed steam boiler and 15.0 to
process gas stack, which will also be adequate considering the worse
scenario of Sulphur contents at the rate of 2.4 % in the fuel
proposed to used after proposed expansion.
C) Hazardous/Solid Waste Management
Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as
per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Trans Boundary
Movement) Rules -2008.
The ETP sludge will be disposed to secured landfill site operated by
M/s. NEPL, Naroda-Ahmedabad. Whereas discarded/ barrels/bags/
drums /liners will be decontaminated and reused/sold to approved
vendors. The spent/waste oil will be sold to CPCB approved recyclers.
D) Ash Disposal
Around 30 % ash of total ash generation will be utilized for bricks
manufacturing and balance ash will be sold off to cement
manufacturer for use in PPC cement, to hollow concrete brick
manufacturer etc., and also will be supplied to the company for land
leveling, conditioning and road construction, etc.

2.8.4 RESOURCE RECOVERY

Liq. Ammonia/Ammonium Carbonate Recovery system
Main source of Ammonical Nitrogen is reaction of Phthalic Anhydride,
Urea, CuCl and acid treatment for purification of products. Second
source is air pollutant-Ammonia scrub by water.
The process emission containing Ammonia and Carbon dioxide

mainly. The Ammonia gas gets absorbed in the water and results in
Liq. Ammonia solution (12–15%). This Ammonia solution is
recovered as By- Product and sold to actual users or converted it to
(NH4)2SO4. Proposed process to generate (NH4)2SO4 and control of
Ammonia and Amonical Nitrogen is summarized below.
Generated acidic water contains (NH4)2SO4 and some part of urea
which is responsible for Ammonical nitrogen in the effluent.
We will isolate acidic effluent stream which contains ammonical
nitrogen, and use to scrub the gases (which contain ammonia and
carbon dioxide). This acidic filtrate will absorb ammonia as
ammonium sulfate. As the pH of this filtrate goes from 2 towards 7
we will go on adding more sulfuric acid for faster reaction.
This will resulted in about 20% ammonium sulfate solution which we
will recover as by product by concentrating through multiple effect
evaporators. There by the effluent stream containing ammonical
nitrogen will be dealt separately and will not go to our effluent
treatment plant.
Generated Ammonium Sulphate will be sold to actual users.

2.9 RESOURCE CONSERVATION

2.9.1 GROUND WATER RECHARGING SYSTEM
The unit proposed ground water recharging sump at low lying area
which will be connected to the storm water drainage system. To
recharging the ground water during the rain, unit will be balanced
ground water.
2.9.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

The unit has done extensive plantation in 24375sqm and will be
added some more area for greenbelt development and it will be
around 5475 sqm. After expansion greenbelt will be in 29850 sq. mt.
areas and it will be around 35% of total land area.
2.10 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS

The fire fighting system will be designed by incorporating the
recommendations of the Tariff Advisory Committee of Insurance
Association of India. During the design of such system, codes and
standards of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), USA will be
taken in to consideration and the same would be applied. Fire
fighting system will consist of hydrant system, water spray system,
foam system, emulsifier system, portable fire extinguishers and fire
alarm system.
The water will be taken from the product water storage tank for fire
water pumps of hydrant network and water spray. Fire water pumps
and fire water storage tanks shall be provided as per regulations.
2.11 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Rain Water Harvesting is a method of utilizing rain water for
domestic and agricultural use is already widely used throughout the
world. It is a method which has been used since ancient times and is
increasingly being accepted as a practical method of providing
potable water in development projects throughout the world.

Improve the ground water in Industrial area is one of the main

problems which is being faced by developed countries of the world.
In Industrial area the charging of underground water in natural way
like rural areas is not taking place due to large sprawl of Industrial
activities. But it is feasible by inject the water by percolating wells.
To considering the Industrial area and various types of activities may
contaminate the rain water, recharging the rain water by inject the
rain water to underground aquifers is not advisable. Asahi Songwon
Colors Ltd. will reuse the rain water collect from rooftop during the
rainy season.
The average long-term rainfall, out of which 20% of the rainfall is
considered to go to the ground as a natural recharge and remaining
rainfall runoff and this, is available for the artificial recharge after
accounting for soil moisture storage and evaporation.
We proposed two artificial water recharge well in our premises in low

lying are with due considering to avoid any contamination.

Table 2.1 (A)

Detail of the Products
Sr. Product Existing New Capacity Total
No. capacity Addition Capacity
in (MT) / in (MT)/ in (MT) /
month month month
01 Pigment Alpha Blue : 15 / 15.1 -- 60 60
03 Pigment Green – 7 -- 200 200
Bye Products
1 Blue Crude Plant
Ammonium Sulphate 0 1200 1200
HCl - 20% 0 150 150
3 Alpha Blue Plant:

Table 2.1 (B)

Raw Materials
Sr. Raw Materials Existing Proposed Total
No. Cons. in req. in Req. in
MT/ month MT/ month MT/ month
Phthalocyanine Blue Crude
01 Phthalic Anhydride 943.5 166.5 1110
02 Urea 1258 222 1480
03 Cuprous Chloride 161.5 28.5 190
04 Solvent – Loss 25.5 4.5 30
05 Sulphuric Acid 255 45 300
06 Caustic Lye 68 12 80
07 Catalyst 3.4 0.6 4
Pigment Beta Blue-A/B
01 Blue Crude 95 380 475
02 Solvent Loss 0.5 2.0 2.5
03 Gum Rosin 8 32 40
04 Sulphuric Acid / HCl – 30% 9 36 45
05 Caustic Lye 5 20 25
Pigment Alpha Blue : 15 / 15.1
01 Blue Crude 0 58.2 58.2
02 Sulphuric Acid (98%) 0 390 390
03 Emulsifier – Additives – I 0 1.65 1.65
04 Additive – II 0 9.21 9.21
05 Caustic Lye (48%) 0 1.53 1.53
Pigment Violet – 23
01 Carbazole 0 22.75 22.75
02 Chloronil 0 21.25 21.25
03 Solvent – ODCB 0 4.125 4.125
04 Solvent – Methanol 0 1.025 1.025
05 Solvent – MCB 0 0.55 0.55
06 Nitric Acid 0 25.075 25.075
07 Iron powder 0 50.05 50.05
08 Di Ethyl Sulphate 0 0.5 0.5
09 Catalyst 0 3.075 3.075
Pigment Green – 7/36
01 CPC Blue Crude 0 110.0 110.0
02 Aluminium Chloride 0 386.0 386.0
03 Sodium Chloride/ Sodium Bromide 0 90.0 90.0
04 Cupric Chloride 0 14.0 14.0
05 Emulsifier 0 4.0 4.0
06 Oleic Acid 0 8.0 8.0
07 HCl/HBr 0 14.0 14.0
08 Caustic Lye 0 28.0 28.0
09 Solvent – Make up 0 14.0 14.0
10 Liq Chlorine/Bromine 0 207.0 207.0

Table No 2.2
Hazardous Chemicals storage facilities
Name of Chemical Quantity, MOC Storage

MT/month Facility
Sulphuric Acid (98%) 75 MS Above GL
Spent Acid (20-22%) 100 MSRL/FRV Above GL

LAB (Solvent) 120 SS Claded Above GL
Iso butyl Alcohol 30 SS Claded Above GL
Chlorine or Bromine 207 MS/Glass Cylinder/bottles
Xylene 30 SS Claded Above GL
Nitric Acid 25 MS Drum

Table No. 2.3

Typical Fuel Analysis
Lignite Analysis
Ultimate analysis by % weight (Dry basis)
Component Lignite
Carbon 40.00
Hydrogen 2.20
Nitrogen 0.60
Sulphur 1.8 – 2.4
Oxygen 7.00
Ash 10 – 12
Moisture 30 - 33
G.C.V (Kcal/kg) 3300
Coal Analysis
Ultimate analysis by % weight (Dry basis)
Component Imported coal
Carbon 40.00
Hydrogen 2.20
Nitrogen 0.60
Sulphur 0.5
Oxygen 7.00
Ash 6-7
Moisture 35 - 36
G.C.V (Kcal/kg) 5600 (+/-100)

Table 2.4
Details of water consumption and wastewater generation
Sr. Category Water Consumption

No. KL/day
Existing Proposed
1. Domestic 25 50
2. Gardening 15 180
Industrial
1 Process 1127 2497
2 Washing 80 100
3 Boiler 191 462
4 Cooling Tower 525 123
5 Reject Water 225 530*
Total water consumption 2188 3942
Less Recycled 0 1837
Actual fresh water requirements 2188 2105
Sr. Category Wastewater Generation

No. KL/day
Existing Proposed
1. Domestic 22 45
2. Gardening 0 0
Industrial
1 Process 1000 2427
2 Washing 80 100
3 Boiler 20 23
4 Cooling Tower 157 20*
5 Reject Water 225 530
Total wastewater generation 1482 3100
Less Recycled 0 1926
Actual wastewater generation 1482 1174
* Water consumption and wastewater generation will be reduced after

proposed expansion because operation period of cooling tower will be
reduced because use of chilling plant.

Table 2.5
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant
Sr. Name of the Equipment Nos. of units Size of the unit with
No. SWD in m
1 Acid–proof brick lined Mother 2 7.25 φ x 2.0 (each)

liquor collection
2 Collection/Neutralization Tank 4 10 x 10 x 2.5
3 Plate and Frame type Filter Press 6 @40 plates each of
size1.2x1.2
4 Filtrate collation sum 2 50 m3
5 Primary settling Tank 3 4.8 x 4.3 (2.25+2.5)
6 Air Stripper 2 50 m3
7 Flash mixer 2 1 m3 & 20 m3
8 Flocculation Chamber 2 1 m3 & 20 m3
9 Chemical Dosing tanks 4 -
10 Aeration Tank for secondary 3 11 x 9 x 4 (each)
Treatment
11 Secondary settling tank 2 3.8 x 3.5 x (2.75+2.0)
(each)
12 Treated water Sump 2 5 x 5 x 2.5
13 Activated Charcoal Column 2 2.2 dia x 1.5 m
14 Sand filter 2 2.2diax2 m
15 Guard Pond 1 100 m3
16 Sludge drying bed 3 -

Table 2.6
Performance of Existing ETP
(Date of sampling: 14/02/11)
Sr. Parameters Unit Raw After After GPCB

No. Effluent Primary Secondary Norms
1. pH pH 4.5 7.6 7.7 6.5-7.5
Unit
2. Color Co-Pt 1650 243 92 <100
Unit
3. SS mg/L 892 142 94 <100
4. TDS mg/L 4572 4856 4753 <5000
5. COD mg/L 2292 1563 220 <250
6. BOD mg/L 1062 542 92 <100
7. Oil & Grease mg/L 16.5 7.5 7.5 <10
8. Copper mg/L 12.7 1.78 1.78 <2
9. Ammonical mg/L 6115 242 65 <50

Nitrogen

Table 2.7
Details of fuel consumption
Sr. Type of Fuel Existing Proposed Total

No. TPD addition TPD
TPD
1 Coal/Lignite 95 85 180
2 LDO NA NA NA
Table 2.8
Details Stacks
Sr. Stack Fuel Type Stack APC Probable
No. attached to Height, measures emission
in m
Existing
Flue Gas Stacks
Cyclone
SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
1. -- 32 Separator
Steam boiler-1 SO2=<100 PPM
followed by Bag NOX=<50 PPM
Filter
FBC IBR Boiler Cyclone
SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
2. (10TPH) & -- 32 Separator
SO2=<100 PPM
IBR Boiler followed by Bag NOX=<50 PPM
(2.5 TPH) Filter
Cyclone
SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
3. Thermic Fluid -- 32 Separator
SO2=<100 PPM
heater 1, 2 & 3 followed by Bag NOX=<50 PPM
Filter
Cyclone
SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
SO2=<100 PPM
Heater 4 & 5 followed by bag NOX=<50 PPM
filter
Cyclone
SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
SO2=<100 PPM
heater – 6 followed by Bag NOX=<50 PPM
Filter
Process Gas Stacks
1. Process Vessel -- 15 Three stage NH3<175 mg/NM3

1 to 6 water Scrubber
2 Spin Flash -- 6 Bag Filter SPM=<150 mg/Nm3
Dryer – 1

Dryer – 2
Dryer – 3
Proposed
Flue Gas Stacks
Cyclone SPM,
1 Lignite 32 Separator SO2,
Boiler – 3
followed by Bag
Filter NOX
Cyclone SPM,
2 Thermic Fluid Separator
-- 32 SO2,
Heater 7 – 8 followed by Bag
Filter NOX
Cyclone SPM,
3 Thermic Fluid Separator SO2,
-- 32
Filter NOX
Cyclone SPM,
4 Thermic Fluid Separator SO2,
-- 32
Filter NOX
Process Gas Stacks
Two Stage HCl :- <20
Chlorination &
1 -- 18 Water Scrubber mg/Nm3
Dumping
Followed by Cl2 :- <10
Vessel
alkali scrubber mg/Nm3
2 Spin Flash -- 11 Bag Filter SPM
Dryers 1
Dryers 2
Dryers 3
Dryers 4
Dryers 5

Table 2.9(a)
Performance of Stack emission

Date of Sampling:-14/02/2011
Sr. Stack Stack Velocity Stack Fuel SPM SO2 NOX

No. attached to Temp. m/s Height Used mg/Nm3 PPM PPM
In 0K in m
01 Boiler 452 9.4 32 Coal 139 72.4 25.7
02 Process 329 6.5 15 - NH3 = 127.4 mg/Nm3
Stack-1
03 Process 329 6.9 15 - NH3 =116.0 mg/Nm3
Stack-2
Table 2.9(b)
Estimated emission from new stacks/vents

In 0K in m
01 Boiler-2 450 10 32 Lignite 125 75 25
/Coal
02 Thermic Fluid 440 10 32 Lignite 125 75 25
Heater /Coal
03 Process 325 6.5 15 - NH3 = 125 mg/Nm3
Stack-3
04 Chlorination & 350 5.5 - HCl = 25 mg/Nm3
Dumping 18 Cl2 = 10 mg/Nm3
Vessel
05 Spin Flash 410 6.0 11 - PM =40 mg/Nm3
Dryers 1
Dryers 2

Table 2.10
Result of Work place monitoring
Sr. Pollutant Location Results Results Results
3 3
No. μg/m μg/m μg/m3
14/02/11 16/02/11 18/02/11
1 RPM Packing area 229 208 211
2 RPM Raw Material 163 179 190

Storage Yard
3 RPM Coal handling 218 216 229
area
4 SO2 Nr. Boiler House 23 32 31
5 HC Nr. Rotary 32 29 34
Vacuum Dryer
6 HC Nr. Solvent 18 32 27
Storage tanks

Table 2.11
Details of Solid / Hazardous waste
Sr. Name of Quantity Disposal

No. Waste facility
Existing Proposed Total
1. Chemical 335 50 385 TSDF Site-
Sludge Naroda,
MT/Month MT/Month MT/Month
Ahmedabad
2. Spent Oil 0.2 0.3 0.5 Collection,

MT/ Annum MT/ Annum MT/ Annum Storage,
Transportation,
Disposal by
selling to
Registered
recycler
3. Discarded Collection,
containers of 360000 360000 360000 Storage,
Hazardous Nos/ Annum Nos/ Annum Nos/Annum Decontamination,
Raw material Transportation,
Disposal by
Liner 5.0 5.0 10.0 selling to
Mt/Month authorized
Mt/Month Mt/Month
recycler

Table 2.12
Result of Solid/Hazardous Waste Analysis

Sr. No. Parameters Unit Result
AS IS BASIS
1. Moisture (%) - 25.2
2. Ether Soluble gm/Kg 0.1
3. TIS at 5500 C gm/Kg 766.1
WATER LEACHATE (10% SOLUTION IN DISTILLED WATER)
1. pH pH Unit 7.8
2. Total Alkalinity gm/Kg 14.0
3. COD gm/Kg 4.4
4. Sulphate gm/Kg 46.4
5. Chloride gm/Kg 22.9
ACID LEACHATE
1. Iron gm/Kg 31.9
2. Total Chromium gm/Kg BDL
3. Copper gm/Kg 14.3

Table 2.13
Noise survey
Sr. Location Noise Level Noise Level Noise Level
No. In dBA In dBA In dBA
Date:14/02/11 Date:16/02/11 Date: 18/02/11
1. Inside Plant Building 77.5 76.7 75.9
2. Nr. Drier 69.7 77.5 68.2
3. Nr. Process Vessel 73.6 82.0 72.1
4. Nr. Elect. Panel Room. 69.3 77.2 68.0
5. Nr. Boiler Room 77.4 76.6 75.8
6. Nr. Rotary vacuum 78.0 72.4 73.8
Dryer
7. Nr. Spin Flash Dryer 76.2 75.2 72.9
8. Nr. Scrubbering area 73.6 82.0 72.1
9. Inside Lab 68.2 75.9 66.7
10. Nr. Main Gate 61.1 60.6 59.4
11. ETP 68.7 76.5 67.3
12. RM Storage yard 62.7 59.4 66.4

Figure: -2.1(a)
Water Balance Diagram (Existing)
Raw water
2188 kl/d
Domestic Process Washing Utilities Greenbelt

25 1127 80 941 15
3.0
Loss
Process Scrubber Boiler Cooling Reject
982 145 191 Tower 225
Steam 525
Sock pit Ev. Loss 6 67
22 Steam Liq. Ammonia
(12-15%) Blow Down Blid off
Addition
145 20 157
1043
SFD
Ev. Loss
43
1000
ETP Collection Tank
1482 kl/d

Figure-2.1(b) after expansion
Water Balance Diagram
Raw water
2105 kl/day
Washing Domestic Process Utilities Greenbelt

100 50 kl/day 1837 kl/day 1775 kl/day 180 kl/day
kl/day
45
Soak Reject
Product water
pit 530
1245 kl/day
(G + V)* 660
-501 kl/day
Process
2497 kl/day Boiler Cooling
462 kl/day 123 kl/day
Steam 1771 Steam 240
loss-15 m3/day
Blow Blow
Process Scrubber down off
1996 kl/day 225 kl/day 23 20
EV Loss
70
Ammonium Sulphate &
Ammonia carbonate/
Water
HCl-3 / NoCl-4 / AlCl3
treatment
with RO
1350
1926 kl/day
Solid-10 m3/day
Recover MEE
487 526m3/day E.V loss-29 m3/day
m3/day
(G + V)
ETP
501 kl/day
501+100 + 23+20+530=1174
kl/day
*(G + V) means effluent generates from Green-7 and Pigment Violet, which directly taken
in to ETP.

Figure-2.1(c)
Water Balance Diagram (Recycling)
Water Balance Diagram (Recycling)
CPC blue guide

Acidic ML Copper Treatment &
216 m3 /day Stripping
CPC blue guide

Acidic wash Permeate
450 m3 /day 910 m3 /day
Collection & Reverse

Primary Osmosis Reject Water
Alkaline Equalization Bioreactor
Treatment 1296 m3/day 386 m3 /day
Treatment 1296 m3 /day
630 m3 /day
MEE
526 m3 /day
Recovered
487 m3 /day
Beta Blue WW
PSF-ASF-UF RO
630 m3/day
630 m3 /day 580 m3/day
580
Solid waste Loss

10 m3 /day 29 m3 /day
RO Reject
140 m3 /day
Back Wash Reuse Water
50 m3/day 440 m3 /day
Disposal to MEE
140 m3 /day

Fig.2.2 Line Diagram of ETP for Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd.
1A 2 Ammonia
Stripping
Acidic FCS
2 Tower 4
stream 3
1B 2
5A
9
8A 10 A
General
11 12
Stream 5B FLC
7A
6 10 B
8B 9B
5C 13
Final
disposal

Figure 2.3
Site plan/plan layout

CHAPTER-3
Description of the Environment
3.1 Introduction
Any development activities related to industrial sector are expected

to cause impacts on environmental quality in surrounding area of the
respective project locations.
However, the assessment of environmental impacts from proposed

project at a specific location needs a datum on which the evaluation
can be done. It is necessary to collect data about different
environmental attributes that are being affected by the operation of
project activity, which in turn defines an existing environmental
quality to serve as the datum.
Baseline data requirement is also necessary to identify

environmentally significant issues as well as to enumerate the critical
environmental changes that are likely to occur due to proposed
project activity.
Here, in this chapter the baseline status for the surrounding

environment has been determined considering the following
environmental attributes and as per MoEF guidance in approved
Terms of Reference (TORs).
(i) Air Environment
(II) Water Environment
(III) Noise Environment
(IV) Soil Environment
(V) Socio Economic and Land use
(VI) Ecology
REIA report of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. 3-1

3.2 Air Environment
The impact on air environment would depend on identification of

sources of air pollution from various process operations; the nature
of pollutants and their quantities likely to be discharged to the
atmosphere; and the baseline data on air quality.
The baseline data on air quality and micrometeorological conditions
of the area surrounding the project site have been generated through
an appropriately designed network for and monitoring of ambient air
quality (AAQ) within the zone of likely impacts.
3.2.1 Design of Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
The following criteria were taken into account while designing the
ambient air quality-monitoring network:
Topography/Terrain of the study area
Populated areas within the region
Prediction of maximum concentrations and distances of their likely
Occurrence under prevailing meteorological conditions
Representation of regional background
Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in downwind
Direction
Availability of infrastructure facilities like electricity, approach,
safety of equipments etc.
3.2.2 Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance survey was undertaken to establish the baseline

status of air environment in the study region. The prime objective of
the AAQ survey, within 5 km radial study area around the industry at
Survey No. 429 to 432, Village: Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist:
Vadodara, Gujarat. The terrain of the study area surrounding the
industries is plain. Six Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM)
stations (One is fixed at Industrial location and five stations were
located in villages in the study area and were change based on the

wind direction. The locations (relative directions and distances) of

these stations with respect to project site are given in Figure 3.6.
The Respirable Particulate Matter (PM10), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), and

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), were identified as significant parameters
for ambient air quality monitoring, particularly because these are
likely to be emitted from the industry and for which ambient air
quality standards are prescribed. Hydrocarbon (HC) and VOC were
sampled and analyze as grab near by industry.
The micrometeorological data on wind speed; wind direction,

temperature and relative humidity were collected through a weather
monitoring station for the study period. The baseline status of air
quality is monitored within the study area i.e. 5 Km radial distance
from project site.
3.2.3 Micrometeorology of the Area
The micrometeorological conditions at the project site will regulate

the transport and diffusion of air pollutants released into the
atmosphere. The principle meteorological variables are horizontal
convective transport (average wind speed and direction), vertical
convective transport (atmospheric stability, mixing height) and
topography of the area. The data on surface meteorological
parameters (wind speed and direction) in the study area were
collected from December-2010 to February-2011 using weather
monitoring station placed at location of Industry. The sensors of this
equipment were kept at about 10 m above ground level with free
exposure to the atmosphere all through the study period in winter
season.
Wind rose
The 24 hour wind rose was prepared using the data on wind direction
and speed collected for December-2010 to February-2011 in the
study area. The same, as depicted in Figure 3.7, shows the

predominant wind directions are N, NNW, NNE, NW & ESE implying

that winds come from these directions for most of the time during
the period. The wind speed class 1-5 kmph occurred for 32.06 % and
6-10 kmph is 18.47 %, 11-15 kmph is 13.88 %, 16-20 is 6.22 % and
more than 20 kmph is observed around 3.19 % of the time during
study period. The calm condition (below 1 kmph) observed is 26.18
% of the time. The local prevailing wind pattern during the study
period is in conformity with the climatologically normal of the region.
The average wind speed recorded is 5.7 kmph during the study
period (December-2010 to February-2011).
Temperature
During the study period the maximum and minimum temperatures

recorded at project site were recorded as 33.8OC and 12.7OC
respectively.
Relative Humidity
At project site during study period, the maximum relative humidity

was recorded as 73.1% and minimum as 15.3%.
For the study area, the year can be broadly divided into following
seasons:
Winter Season (November to February)
Summer Season (March to May)
Monsoon Season (June to September)
Transition Month (October)
Winter is mostly cool and pleasant season. Sky is clear with stray
high clouds, winds blowing mainly towards South – West direction.
December and January are the coolest months. April and May are the
hottest months.
The monsoon sets in by about the second week of June. South-west

winds blow from May and last till the end of September. About 95%
of the annual rainfall in the area occurs during the months of June to

September. The normal annual rainfall in this region is 850 mm to

900 mm.
3.2.4 Ambient Air Quality Survey
The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 6 AAQM
locations, with a frequency of twice a week continuously for three
months i.e. December-2010 to February-2011, to assess the existing
sub-regional air quality status. The Respirable Dust Sampler along
with the analytical methods prescribed by CPCB was used for
carrying out air quality monitoring. At all these sampling locations;
PM10, SO2, and NOx were monitored on 24-hourly basis and grab
sample were collected and analyzed for the HC and VOC to enable
the comparison with ambient air quality standards prescribed by
CPCB. The data on concentrations of various pollutants were
processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean,
standard deviation, minimum and maximum concentration and 98
percentile values.
3.2.5 Baseline Status
The existing baseline levels with respect to PM10, SO2, and NOx are
presented in Tables 3.3 to 3.5 along with statistical analysis;
represent the cross sectional distribution of baseline air quality status
of the study region and graphical representations for PM10, SO2 and
NOX are given in Figure 3.2 to 3.4.
Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)
The average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM10 values at all
the locations ranged between and 60-73 μg/m3 and 64-79 μg/m3
respectively, meeting the CPCB standards of 100 μg/m3. The 24-
hourly concentration values show that the values are well within the
prescribed limit.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
The average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly SO2 at all the
locations ranged between 15-20 μg/m3 and 17-22 μg/m3 respectively,

which are well within the stipulated standards of 80 μg/m3 for

residential areas.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
The average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly NOx at all the
locations ranged between 14-21 μg/m3 and 17-25 μg/m3
respectively, which are much lower than the standards of 80 μg/m3,
stipulated by CPCB for industrial areas.
3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Water Environment of an area is broadly classified into following
categories
1. Surface waters: Rivers, drains, canal, ponds etc.
2. Ground water: Accumulation in deeper strata of ground
The only source of recharging for both surface and groundwater
source is from precipitation (rainfall).
3.3.1 Water Quality

Collected water samples were analyzed for various desirable
characteristics of drinking water. Results of Ground Water Quality in
the Study Area are shown in Table No. 3.8. Sampling locations are
shown in Figure 3.8.
Ground water quality
Color: All the six samples were found colorless and meeting
desirable norms.
pH: All the samples were meet the desirable standards (pH ranges
from 7.1 to 7.6).
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in samples ranges from 857
mg/l (Gametha) to 1164 mg/l (Kahanva). All the samples meet the
permissible limit of 2000 mg/l (If alternate sources of potable water
are not available).
Calcium: Calcium contents in the water ranges from 38 mg/l
(Gametha) to 54 mg/l (Project Site), all the samples meet the
desirable limit of 75 mg/l.

Magnesium: Magnesium content in the water ranges from 24 mg/l

(Karkhadi) to 47 mg/l (Tithor). All samples meet the permissible limit
of 100 mg/l. (If alternate sources of potable water are not available).
Sulfate: Sulfate content in the water ranges from 41 mg/l
(Karkhadi) to 63 mg/l (Kahanva). All samples meet the desirable
limit of 200 mg/l.
Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from

219 mg/l (Karkhadi) to 314 mg/l (Project Site). All the samples are
within the permissible limit of drinking water 600 mg/l for drinking
water (if alternate source of potable water is not available).
Heavy metals like copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and

zinc are well below to prescribe limit in all samples.
Other Parameters: Potassium (ranges from 31 mg/l to 44 mg/l),

Sodium (ranges from 180 mg/l to 265 mg/l), Chloride (ranges from
267 mg/l to 408 mg/l), and Iron (ranges from 0.16 mg/l to 0.29
mg/l). Samples were also analyzed for Phenolic compound (less than
0.001 mg/l in all samples).
Conclusions: Ground water samples from villages meets the

permissible limit set by the authority (BIS). Indian standard
specification for drinking water is given in Table 3.9.
3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

3.4.1 Introduction
Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech
and hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise
annoying. The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it
has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment. Noise
can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological system.
Sound is mechanical energy from a vibrating surface, transmitted by

cyclic series of compression and rarefaction of molecules of the
materials through which it passes. Sound can be transmitted through

gases, liquids and solids. The number of compressions and

rarefaction’s of the air molecules in the unit of time is described as its
frequency. Frequency is expressed in hertz (Hz), which is the same
as the number of cycles per second.
3.4.2 Methodology
To understand the noise environment in the study area, a survey was
conducted using Sound Level Meter at each of the locations (Figure
3.9).
3.4.3 Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise

Ministry of Environment and Forest has notified the ambient
standards in respect of noise in Gazette of India on February 14,
2000. Table 3.11 gives these standards in respect of noise.
3.4.4 Day-Time and Night-Time Noise Levels

Considering the site specificity with respect to settlements, silent
zones (like hospitals, schools) Heavy traffic movements (like state
highways) and the source. Seven locations are selected for Noise
Survey in the day-and night time during the study period. Table
3.10 gives Lday, Lnight noise levels for all locations.
3.4.5 Ambient Noise Levels in Study Area

The Leq values of noise levels during day-time varied between 53.5
to 61.5 dB(A). Highest Leq daytime value was recorded Nr. project
site, However it is less than the prescribed limit for the residential
(75 dB(A)). The Leq values of noise levels during night time varied
between 39.5 to 57.4 dB(A). Highest Leq night time value was
recorded Nr. Project Site which is less than prescribed limit (70 dB
(A)).
3.4.6 Conclusions
The hourly Leq noise levels recorded at various locations in the study
area show considerable fluctuations because of changes in traffic
movement, commercial and industrial activities in the study area.

Though the noise levels found within the prescribed limit both during
day time as well as night time, however the noise level (Leq daytime
as well as Leq night time) found at all locations within limit.
3.5 SOILS
3.5.1 Introduction
Soils may be defined as a thin layer of earth’s crust that serves as a
natural medium for the growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated
mineral matter that has been subjected to and influenced by natural
as well as anthropogenic factors. Soil serves as a reservoir of
nutrients for plants and crops and also provides mechanical
anchorage and favorable tilth.
The study area has primarily Black type of soil. The soils of this type
basically originate from alluvium rocks. According to texture
classification, this belongs to Clay & Clay slit category. This type of
soil has moderate permeability and water retention capacity.
3.5.2 Soil Characteristics

Samples of soils were collected from five locations viz. Project Site,
Village Dudhvada, Village Gametha, Village Karkhadi & Village
Kahanva during the study period and these locations are shown in
Figure 3.10.
The values of important physical and chemical parameters of these

soil samples are given in Table 3.12. From the tabulated values, the
following conclusions can be drawn about the physical and chemical
characteristics of these soil samples.
3.5.3 Findings
Physical Parameters
Particle Size: Particle sizes of the different constituents (clay, silt,
and sand) control the porosity and water holding characteristic of the
soil. Clay (size <0.002 mm) amount in the soil samples ranges from
21% to 29%; Silt (size 0.002 to 0.075 mm) in the soil samples is

30% to 35%; Sand (size 0.075 to 0.475 mm) in the soil samples is
21% to 28% and Gravel (size >4.75 mm) in the soil samples ranges
from 14% to 18%. Analysis shows it is clay loamy soil with moderate
water holding capacity.
Porosity: Porosity is a measure of space in between soil particles

caused by structural conditions and determined under identical
conditions. Porosity of soil samples of the study area ranges from
40.1 to 42.5%.
Water Holding Capacity (WHC): Water holding capacity (WHC) of

soil samples of the study area ranges between 39 to 46% and these
being clay loamy soils are capable of retaining sufficient water during
irrigation for facilitating the plant growth.
Bulk Density: Bulk Density of soils in the study area is found to be

in the range from 1.42 to 1.48 g/cm3. Bulk density is of greater
importance for characterizing the physical behavior of soils. Generally
soils with low bulk density have favorable physical conditions
(porosity and permeability) whereas those with high bulk density
exhibit poor physical conditions.
Chemical Parameters
pH: pH was determined by taking 1:5 ratio of soil and distilled water.
pH of soils in the study area is found to be in the range of 7.4 to 7.9.
The soils of the study area are neutral in nature.
Chloride: Chloride content in soils of the study area is found to be in

the range of 76 to 110 mg/kg.
Calcium: The soluble calcium as CaCO3 in soil samples is found to be

in the range 79 to 109 mg/kg.
Magnesium: Magnesium content in soil samples of the study area

ranges from 43 to 47 mg/kg.
Available Phosphorus: Available Phosphorus content in soil

samples of the study area ranges from 110 to 127 mg/kg.

Available Nitrogen content in soil samples of the study area is

found to be in the range from 149 to 179 mg/mg.
Potassium: Potassium content in soil samples of the study area is

found to be in the range from 50 to 90 mg/kg.
Sodium: Sodium content in soil samples of the study area is found

to be in the range from 72 to 104 mg/kg.
This type of soil is good for agricultural uses.
3.6 SOCIO ECONOMIC AND LAND USE

3.6.1 Land use pattern and infrastructure
The land use pattern indicates the manner in which different parts of
land in an area is being utilized or non - utilized. It is an important
indicator of environmental health; human activity and degree of inter
play between them. Even though the soil quality, water availability
and climate have strong influence on agriculture and vegetation, the
human activity may alter the natural environment to a large extent
to suit human needs. Unnatural land use often triggers rapid
environmental deterioration and disturbs ecological balance.
In census records, major land use classifications are; cultivable area,

cultivable wasteland and area not available for cultivation. Cultivable
land is further classified as: irrigated and unirrigated. Area not
available for cultivation includes lands put to non-agriculture uses as
well as barren and uncultivable lands.
The main land use in urban area is for dwellings, infrastructure and
related activities. These are primarily based on 2001 Census are
presented in Table 3.13.
3.6.2 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment: Rural

The demographic and socio-economic details of the study area are
discussed below. Data on number of households, population as well
as literacy and employment pattern in the study area have been
presented in Table-3.15. The employment pattern in the area is an

indicator of number of persons employed in various sectors. It also

indicates the various categories of employment flourishing in the
area. Moreover, data on amenities (educational, medical,
communication, etc. facilities) available within the zone of influence
has also been provided.
Living Standard and Infrastructure

In India it is not possible to setup a common standard of living
because of wide variations in terms of income, economic conditions,
social custom, employment opportunity, pattern of spending, etc.
However, availability of amenities like education, medical, water
supply, communication, road network, electricity, etc. significantly
reflects the level of development of the area. Information on
available amenities in the study area has been extracted from census
record of 2001.
Educational Facilities
As per 2001 census, in the study area of 16 villages, the total
numbers of educational institutions in various categories are 79. Out
of which 44 are primary schools, 9 are high schools, 4 are Pre
University/ higher secondary school and 22 are Adult Literacy Class.
Medical Facilities
In the study area, consisting of 16 villages as per 2001 census, out
of which 13 have Registered Private practitioners, 19 community
health workers, 5 primary health sub center, 6 family planning
centers, 6 dispensaries and 4 maternity homes.
Drinking Water Supply

All the villages in the study area have two or more sources of
drinking water. 16 villages of study zone have tap water supply in
addition to well (almost all), tanks are other source of drinking water.
Communication and Transport

The main mode of public transport available in the study area is by
bus service. All the villages are connected with state transport bus

services. 2 villages have approach to railway station as western

railway meter gauge line is passing nearby and also has stations.
Majority of villages in the study area is connected with pucca road.
Post and Telegraph

As per 2001 census record out of 16 villages in study area, all
villages have post office facility at doorstep and have telephone
facility in the village.
Power Supply
As per 2001 census record out of 16 villages in study area, all the
villages are getting power supply for all purposes.
3.6.3 Demographic and Socio-Economic:

Since existing Asahi plant at Survey Nos. 429 to 432, Village:
Dudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara, Gujarat. The main land
use in urban area is for dwelling, infrastructure and related activities.
To assess the demogragraphic and socio-economic profile of this
area, parameters like population, literacy, employment pattern, etc.
have been studied. Data pertaining to above parameters are
presented in Table No. 3.15.
3.7 ECOLOGY
3.7.1 Terrestrial Ecology (Flora)
Some plantation of Limdo, Baval, Banana etc are found in the study
area. Forest occurring in the area is not under the category of
reserved forest, but is under control of revenue department. The
structure and type of vegetation depends on climatic conditions and
physiography of an area. Climate of the study area is arid to semi
arid and suited for the growth of selected variety of vegetation. The
tree spices found in the study area as well as in the forest area are
presented in Table No. 3.17.
3.7.2 Terrestrial Ecology (Fauna)

The area is devoid of thick vegetation; no significant wild life habited
is reported. There is no National Park in the study area. The common

species of fauna in the study area is tabulated in the Table No.

3.18.
3.7.3 Common Crop Plants

Common cultivated crop plants in the study area include: Rabi
season- wheat, bajri, Sugarcane, vegetables and Kharif- Vegetables,
cotton etc are some of the crop plants grown in the fields.

Table 3.1: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

(Period of Monitoring: December-10 to February-11)
Sr. Sampling Direction w.r.t. center of Distance

No. Location Industry
1 Project Site - 0.0
2 Dudhvada W 1.8
3 Karakhadi NNW 2.1

(Down wind direction)
4 Chokari NNE 4.6
5 Tithor NW 4.3
6 Gametha S (Upwind direction) 2.8

Table 3.2: Ambient Air Quality Status

(Period: December-10 to February-11)
Sr. Sampling PM10 SO2 NOx

No. Location
Average (Min-Max)
1 Project Site 73 20 21
(61-79) (17-22) (19-26)
2 Dudhvada 65 16 15
(56-72) (13-17) (13-17)
3 Karakhadi 69 17 17
(66-75) (15-18) (15-18)
4 Chokari 63 16 14
(61-69) (13-18) (12-17)
5 Tithor 67 15 16
(64-73) (14-17) (15-17)
6 Gametha 60 15 15
(55-64) (12-18) (13-19)
Figure 3.1 Graphical representation of Ambient Air quality

Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Status (PM10)

Average –24 Hours Unit - μg/m3

Station Max Min 98 75 50 25 Avg. SD
Name Percentile Percentile Percentile percentile
Project Site 79 61 79 77 72 71 73 5
Dudhvada 72 56 71 67 66 66 65 5
Karakhadi 75 66 74 69 68 67 69 3
Chokari 69 61 68 63 63 62 63 2
Tithor 73 64 72 67 66 65 67 3
Gametha 64 55 64 63 60 58 60 3
Figure 3.2 Graphical Representations for PM10

Table 3.4: Ambient Air Quality Status (SO2)


Project Site 22 17 22 21 20 19 20 1
Dudhvada 17 13 17 17 16 15 16 1
Karakhadi 18 15 18 17 17 17 17 1
Chokari 18 13 18 16 16 15 16 1
Tithor 17 14 17 16 15 15 15 1
Gametha 18 12 18 16 15 14 15 2
Figure 3.3 Graphical Representation for SO2

Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Status (NOx)


Project Site 26 19 25 23 21 20 21 2
Dudhvada 17 13 17 16 15 15 15 1
Karakhadi 18 15 18 17 17 16 17 1
Chokari 17 12 17 15 14 14 14 1
Tithor 17 15 17 17 16 16 16 1
Gametha 19 13 18 16 15 15 15 2
Figure 3.4 Graphical Representation for NOx

Table 3.6: Hydrocarbon & VOCs in mg/m3

(Grab Sample)
Sr. No. Station Name Hydro VOCs

Carbon (Non Methane)
1 Project Site 52 32
2 Dudhvada 46 29
3 Karakhadi 38 24
4 Chokari 32 20
5 Tithor 35 25
6 Gametha 29 21
Figure 3.5 Graphical Representations for HC & VOCs

Table 3.7: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

(EP, 7th amendment rules-2009)
Pollutants Time-weighted Concentration in ambient air
average Industrial, Ecologically Method of
Residential, Sensitive area Measurement
Rural and (Notified by
others area Central
Government)
Sulphur Dioxide Annual Average* 50 20 Improved west
3
(SO2) µg/m 24 hours** 80 80 and Gaeke
Ultraviolet
fluorescence
Oxides of Annual Average* 40 30 Modified Jacob
Nitrogen as 24 hours** 80 80 &Hochheiser
(NO2) µg/m3 (Na-Arsenate)
Chemiluminesce
nce
Particulate Annual Average* 60 60 Gravimetric
Matter(Size less 24 hours** 100 100 TOEM
than 10 µm or Beta
PM10, µg/m3 attenuation
Particulate Annual Average* 40 40 Gravimetric
Matter(Size less 24 hours** 60 60 TOEM
than 2.5 µm or Beta
PM2.5, µg/m3 attenuation
Ozone (O3) 8 hours ** 100 100 UV photometric
µg/m3 1hours** 180 180 Chemiluminesce
nce
Chemical
Method
Lead (Pb) Annual Average* 0.50 0.50 AAS/ICP
µg/m3 24 hours** 1.0 1.0 method after
sampling on
EPM 2000 or
equivalent filter
paper
ED-XRF using
Teflon filter
Carbon Monoxide 8 hours** 02 02 Non Dispersive
(CO) 1 hour** 04 04 Infra Red
mg/m3 (NDIR)
spectroscopy

Ammonia(NH3) Annual Average* 100 100 Chemiluminesce
µg/m3 24 hours** 400 400 nce
Indophenol Blue
Method
Benzene (C6H6) Annual* 05 05 Gas
µg/m3 chromatography
based
continuous
analyzer
Adsorption and
desorption
followed by GC
analysis

Benzo(a)Pyrine Annual* 01 01 Solvent

(BaP)-particulate extraction
phase only, followed by
µg/m3 HPLC/GC
analysis
Arsenic (As), Annual* 06 06 AAS/ICP
µg/m3 method after
sampling on
EPM 2000 or
equivalent filter
paper
Nickel (Ni) Annual* 20 20 AAS/ICP
µg/m3 method after
sampling on
EPM 2000 or
equivalent filter
paper
Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken
* twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.
24 hourly/8 hourly or 01 hourly values, as applicable, shall be complied
** with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time the time, they may
exceed the limits but not two consecutive days of monitoring.

Table 3.8: Results of Ground Water Quality in the Study Area

(Date of Sampling: 12/01/2011 to 14/01/2011)
Parameters Unit CONCENTRATION

Project Dudhvada Gametha Karkhadi Kahanva Tithor
Site
pH pH Unit 7.6 7.1 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.4
Color Co-Pt Color Color Color Color Color Color
Unit Less Less Less Less Less Less
0
Temperature C 29 28 25 27 25 26
Conductivity Micro 1502 1263 1210 1345 1672 1605
mhos/cm
Turbidity NTU 6.2 6.1 5.5 5.6 7.1 7.4
TDS mg/L 1054 891 857 924 1164 1125
Total Hardness as mg/L 311 240 207 208 281 302
CaCO3
Total Alkalinity mg/L 314 264 247 219 297 281
Sodium as Na+ mg/L 226 180 197 215 265 246
Potassium K+ mg/L 44 35 31 35 44 41
Calcium Ca+2 mg/L 54 50 38 44 41 44
Magnesium Mg+2 mg/L 43 28 27 24 44 47
Chlorides as Cl- mg/L 322 267 292 322 408 400
Sulfates as SO4-2 mg/L 58 55 44 41 63 59
Fluoride F- mg/L 0.66 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.42 0.43
Nitrates as NO3-3 mg/L 29 30 26 31 27 25
Phenol as C6H5OH mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.00
1
Cyanide as CN- mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02
Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Cadmium as Cd mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Copper as Cu mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Manganese as Mn mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Iron as Fe mg/L 0.29 0.17 0.19 0.16 0.27 0.27
Total Chromium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Zinc as Zn mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
% Sodium -- 57 57.4 63.1 64.8 62.9 60.1

Table 3.9: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water
S. Parameters Desirable Limit Permissible Limit

No. in the Absence of
Alternate Source
I Essential Characteristics
1. Colour, Hazen Units, Max. 5 25
2. Odour Unobjectionable -
3. Taste Agreeable -
4. Turbidity, NTU, Max. 5 10
5. pH value 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation
6. Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l, Max. 300 600
7. Iron (as Fe) mg/ l, Max. 0.3 1.0
8. Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l, Max. 250 1000
9. Residual Free Chlorine, mg/l, Min. 0.2* -
II Desirable Characteristics
10. Dissolved Solids, mg/l, Max. 500 2000
11. Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max. 200 600
12. Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, Max. 200 400**
13. Nitrate (as NO3) 45 100
14. Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max. 1.0 1.5
15. Calcium (as Ca) mg/l, Max. 75 200
16. Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l, Max. 30 100
17. Copper (as Cu) mg/l, Max. 0.05 1.5
18. Manganese (as Mn) mg/l, Max. 0.1 0.3
19. Mercury (as Hg) mg/l, Max. 0.001 No Relaxation
20. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, Max. 0.01 No Relaxation
21. Selenium (as Se) mg/l, Max. 0.01 No Relaxation
22. Arsenic (As As) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
23. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
24. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, Max. 5 15
25. Aluminium (as Al) mg/l, Max. 0.03 0.2
26. Boron (as B) mg/l, Max. 1 5
27. Chromium (as Cr) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
28. Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
29. Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l, 0.001 0.002
Max.
30. Anionic Detergents (as MBAS) mg/l, Max. 0.2 1.0
mg/l, Max.
31. Mineral Oil mg/l, Max. 0.01 0.03
32. Pesticides Absent 0.001
33. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (as - -
PAH) g/l, Max.
34. Radioactive Materials
a. Alpha Emitters, Bq/I, Max. - 0.1
b. Beta Emitters, Bq/I, Max - 1
Note: * Applicable only when water is chlorinated

** Provided magnesium (as Mg) does not exceed 30 mg/l
Source: IS 10500: 1991, Fourth Reprint, July 1999

Table 3.10: Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area

Date of Monitoring: 12/01/2011 to 14/01/2011
Sr. No. Location Ld/Ln Noise Level
1 Project Site Ld 61.5

Ln 57.4
2 Primary School Dudhvada Ld 53.5
Ln 40.4
3 Temple Gametha Ld 57.1
Ln 41.1
4 Bus stop Karkhadi Ld 60.6
Ln 41.4
5 Post office, Kahanva Ld 56.5
Ln 39.5
6 Nr. ECP Canal Ld 60.2
Ln 49.8
7 Temple Dudhvada Ld 56.3
Ln 51.1
Table 3.11: Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise
Category of Area Limits Leq, dB(A)
Day Time Night Time
Industrial 75 70
Commercial 65 55
Residential 55 45
Silence 50 40

Table 3.12: Soil Analysis of Study area
Date of Sampling: 12/01/2011 to 14/01/2011
S. Parameters Unit Project Dudhvada Gametha Karkhadi Kahanva

No. Site
1. pH (5%)Solution 7.9 7.5 7.4 7.6 7.8
2. Loss of Ignition % 7.5 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.6
3. Particle Size
Clay (< 0.002 % 26 29 21 28 29
mm)
Silt (0.002 to % 32 32 35 30 30
0.075mm)
Sand (0.075- % 28 21 28 26 24
0.475mm
gravel (size > % 14 18 16 16 17
4.75mm)
4. Water Holding % 46 42 44 39 43
Capacity
5. Permeability cm/hr 3.21 3.27 3.29 3.22 3.25
6. Bulk Density g/cm3 1.42 1.48 1.43 1.42 1.45
7. Porosity % 42.5 40.1 42.1 42.5 41.3
8. Sodium Meq/ 1.75 2.11 1.58 1.84 2.13
Absorption Ratio 100gm
9. Sodium mg/kg 81 104 72 83 97
10. Potassium mg/kg 50 52 65 54 90
11. Calcium mg/kg 85 109 86 82 79
12. Magnesium mg/kg 46 45 43 43 47
13. Chlorides mg/kg 110 76 84 94 82
14. Sulphates mg/kg 68 52 70 59 74
15. Organic Matter mg/kg 1.72 1.46 1.39 1.46 1.35
16. Available mg/kg 179 162 149 163 159
Nitrogen
17. Available mg/kg 110 115 112 120 127
Phosphorus
18. Iron mg/kg 1.49 1.32 1.27 1.32 1.39

Table 3.13: Land Use Pattern
Sr. Name of Total Area of Irrigated Unirrigated Culturable Area not

No. Village the Village by source (ha) waste available for
(ha) (ha) (ha) cultivation (ha)
1 Karkhadi 1659.50 144.47 833.23 105.53 576.27
2 Kareli 2151.72 275.00 962.52 15.97 1098.23
3 Dudhwada 614.48 892.44 111.55 15.86 40.585
4 Gametha 343.14 255.14 52.01 1.48 34.51
5 Kahanva 972.97 390.00 490.06 8.36 84.55
6 Chokari 1380.11 175.00 346.09 144.58 714.44
7 Tihor 2462.04 25.29 549.29 9.72 1877.74
8 Majatan 456.65 25.00 380.19 16.21 35.25
9 Chitral 371.70 190.05 136.64 5.19 39.82
10 Vishrampura 234.91 153.81 56.67 8.78 15.65
11 Muval 781.07 278.28 405.21 34.89 62.69
12 Piludara 720.62 40.00 596.75 8.04 75.83
13 Masar 1361.55 620.11 593.18 26.06 122.09
14 Kural 561.66 92.14 404.68 5.49 59.35
15 Gavasad 946.86 150.00 686.38 12.17 98.31
16 Pindapa 689.92 -- 587.40 32.30 70.22

Table 3.14: Present land use based on satellite imagery

Sr. no. Description % Area Area (Ha.)
1 Fallow land 8.75 2732.25
2 Crop land 58.58 18292.05
3 Open scrub 1.32 412.18
4 Mudflat 13.81 4312.28
5 Saline area 1.12 349.73
6 Ravenous 2.36 736.93
7 River 4.22 1317.73
8 Sand 0.16 49.96
9 Built up residential 0.97 302.89
10 Mudflat with vegetation 0.16 49.96
11 Dense scrub 0.61 190.48
12 Marsh land 4.39 1370.81
13 Saltpan 0.71 221.70
14 Marsh vegetation 2.01 627.64
15 Built up industrial 0.63 196.72
16 Water body 0.2 62.45
Total 100 31225.76

Table: 3.15: Summary of Socio-economic status of Study area (Demography)
Name of No. of Total Population Literates Total main Cultivators Agricultural Marginal Non-Worker
the Occupie (Including Workers Laborer Workers
Village/ d institutional and
Town/ Residen houseless
Ward tial population)
House P M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Karkhadi 983 4484 2436 2048 1726 1169 1385 68 255 03 671 47 04 03 1047 1977
Kareli 1144 5431 2832 2599 1972 1083 1648 577 658 84 683 282 68 270 1196 1752
Kahanva 1636 7810 4202 3608 2815 1395 2475 494 941 100 1196 383 121 950 1606 2164
Dudhwada 400 1804 941 863 747 556 538 135 158 2 193 35 41 154 362 574
Gametha 483 2399 1269 1130 964 578 629 19 322 10 360 697 155 695 487 416
Chokari 1561 7880 4217 3663 2836 1346 2079 549 673 48 921 742 444 1183 1694 1931
Tihor 960 4495 2428 2067 1614 693 1345 406 232 33 637 209 119 91 964 1570
Majatan 571 2741 1440 1301 1050 587 823 43 340 166 279 517 65 669 552 589
Chitral 342 1733 882 851 598 374 461 103 149 10 263 134 50 153 371 595
Vishrampura 510 2623 1358 1265 1008 631 588 190 197 25 457 447 205 491 565 584
Muval 818 3946 2070 1876 1464 1028 1148 279 322 49 369 442 60 520 862 1077
Piludara 902 4269 2255 2014 1740 1134 1319 527 499 40 309 81 5 12 931 1475
Masar 716 3429 1772 1657 1236 774 1019 407 256 200 497 343 66 373 687 877
Kural 567 2620 1393 1227 995 624 640 74 185 8 363 266 199 244 554 909
Gavasad 713 3448 1849 1599 1368 907 1118 467 215 12 293 247 0 111 731 1021
Pindapa 282 1473 782 691 603 313 447 66 195 89 148 128 16 156 319 469

Table 3.16: Summary of Socio-economic status of Study area (Amenities)
Name of Educational Medical Drinking Communication Transportation Approach Nearest town Power
Village Facility Facility Water (Post Facility to and Distance Supply
Facility or Telegraph) (bus etc.) Village (Kms.)
Karkhadi P(2), H, PUC, MH,PHC,FPC T,W,TK,R PO, Phone BS PR Padra-24 EA
Ac ,RP
Kahanva P(15),H, PHS,D, T,W,TW PO, Phone BS,RS PR,KR Jambusar-26 EA
Ac(3) FPC,RP,
CHW(2)
Dudhwada P CHW T,W,TK PO, Phone BS PR Padra-18 EA
Gametha P,H CHW T,W,TK,TW PO BS PR Jambusar-18 EA
Kareli P(7),H, Ac(6) CWC,PHS, T,W PO, Phone BS PR Jambusar-21 EA
FPC,RP(2)
CHW(4)
Chokari P, Ac(9) D,RP,CHW T,W,TK,R PO, Phone BS PR Padra-18 EA
Tihor P(2) RP,CHW T,W,TK,TW, PO, Phone BS PR Padra-18 EA
HP
Majatan P RP,CHW T,W,TK PO, Phone BS PR Padra-17 EA
Chitral P,H CHW T,W,TK,TW PO BS PR,KR Padra-19 EA
Vishrampura P,Ac CHW T,W,TK PO BS PR Padra-14 EA
Muval P,H D,RP,CHW T,W,TK,TW PO, Phone BS PR Padra-16 EA
Piludara P(6),H, PUC, PHS,FPC, T,W,HP PO, Phone BS PR Jambusar-18 EA
Ac RP(2), CHW
Masar P(2),H, PUC, MH,PHS,D, T,W,TK,TW PO, Phone BS PR,KR Jambusar-12 EA
Ac FPC,RP,
CHW
Kural P,H,PUC MH,D,RP(2), T,W,TK,N PO, Phone BS,RS PR Padra-20 EA
CHW

Name of Educational Medical Drinking Communication Transportation Approach Nearest town Power
Village Facility Facility Water (Post Facility to and Distance Supply
Facility or Telegraph) (bus etc.) Village (Kms.)
Gavasad P MH,PHS,D, T,W,TK,TW PO, Phone BS PR Padra-18 EA
FPC,CHW
Pindapa P CHW T,W,TK PO BS PR,KR Padra-19 EA

Abbreviations:
Educational
P - Primary School
H - Matriculation/High School
PUC - Higher Secondary/Pre P University/Junior College/ Inter.
AC - Adult Literacy Class/ Centre
Medical Facility
PHC - Primary Health Centre
PHS - Primary Health Sub-Centre
RP - Registered Private Practitioner
D - Dispensary
MH - Maternity Home
FPC - Family Planning Centre
CHW - Common Health Worker
Drinking Water
T - Tap Water
W - Well Water
TW - Tube well Water
TK - Tank water
HP - Hand Pump
N - Nallah
Post and Telegraph

PO - Post Office
P - Phone
Transportation
BS - Bus
RS - Railway Station
Approach to Village
PR - Pucca Road
KR - Kachcha Road
Power Supply
EA - Electricity for all purpose
Land Use
R - River
TWE - Tube well
T - Total

Table No 3.17: List of Tree Species found in the study area
SR. NO. BOTANICAL NAME FAMILY VARNACULAR

NAME
1 Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Limdo
2 Acacia nilotica sub sp. Mimosaceae Baval
Indica
3 Achras sapota Sapotaceae Chiku
4 Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubacceae Rukhdo
5 Alangium salvifolium Alangiaceae Ankol
6 Albizia lebbeck Mimosaceae Kalo saras
7 Annona squamosa Annonaceae Sitaphal
8 Anogeissus seicea Combretaceae Dhao
9 Balanites aegyptiaca Balanitaceae Ingorio
10 Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Astori
11 Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Shimlo
12 Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Tad
13 Butea monosperma Fabeceae Kesudo
14 Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae ---
15 Ceiba pentandra Bombacaceae Dholo shimlo
16 Citrus limon Rutaceae Limbu
17 Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Vans
18 Eucalyptus globulus Myrtaceae Nilgiri
19 Feronia elephantum Rutaceae Kotha
20 Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Vad
21 Ficus religiosa Moraceae Papal
22 Ficus virens Moraceae Pipli
23 Fzizyphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Bor
24 Holarrhena Apocynaceae Indrajav
antidysenterica
25 Holoptelea integrifolia Ulmaceae Kanjo
26 Leucena latisiliqua Mimosaceae Pardesi baval
27 Madhuca indica Sapotaceae Mahudo
28 Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Ambo
29 Manilkara hexandra Saptaceae Rayan
30 Morinda tomentosa Rubiaceae Aal
31 Moringa concan Moringaceae Jangli saragavo
32 Parkinsonia aculeata Caesalpiniaceae Ram baval
33 Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Khajuri
34 Pithecellobium dulce Mimosaceae Goras ambli
35 Pongamia pinnata Fabeceae Karanj
36 Prosopis juliflora Mimosaceae Gando baval
37 Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Khijado
38 Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Jamphal
39 Streblus asper Moraceae Harero
40 Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Amli
41 Teminalia catappa Combretaceae Deshi bardam

List of Shrubs in the study area

NAME
1 Euphorbia Nerifolia Euphorbiaceae Thor
2 Calotropis procera Asclepiafaceae Akado
3 Capparis decidua Capparidaceae Kerdo
4 Capparis sepiaria Capparidaceae Kanthar
5 Cassia auriculata Caesalpiniaceae Aval
6 Cobretum ovalifolium Combretaceae Mad velo
7 Cocculus cillosus meinspermaceae Vevdi
8 Euphorbia tirucalli Euphorbiaceae Thor
9 Impomoea fistulosa convolvulaceae Naphatio
10 Jatroha cureas Euphorbiaceae ---
11 Kriganelia reticulata Euphorbiaceae Kamboi
12 Lassonia inernis Lythraceae Mendhi
13 Mucuna pruriens Fabaceae Kavach
14 Opuntia elatori Cactaceae Phafda thor
15 Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae Divel
16 Zizyphus mummularia Rhmnaceae Chani bor
List of Herbs in the study area

NAME
1 Cynodon dactylon Poaceae Darbh
2 Apluda mutica Poaceae Pofli
3 Argemone mexicana Pepavraceae Darudi
4 Blumea membranacea Asteraceae -
5 Chloris barbata Poaceae Mindadin
6 Echinops echimatus Asteraceae Shulio
7 Eragrostic tinella Poaceae -
8 Hygrophila auriculata Acanthaceae Kantashulio
9 Sphaeranthus indicus Asteraceae Gorakh mundi
10 Tephrosia purpurea Fabaceae Sarphankho
11 Tridax procumbens Asteraceae Pardeshi bhangro
12 Typha angustata Typhaceae Ramban
List of Agriculture Crops in the study area

NAME
1 Zea maize Poaceae Makai
2 Sorghum vulgare Poaceae Bajri
3 Triticum aestivum Poaceae Gehu
6 Gossypium herbaceum Malvaceae Kapas
7 Cajamus cajan Fabaceae Tuver
8 Oryaza sativa Poaceae Danger

Table 3.18 List of Amphibia, Reptilia and Birds in the study area
AMPHIBIA
SR. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME

NO.
1 Skipper frog Euphlyctic cyanophlytis
2 Common Indian Toad Bufo melanostictus
REPTILIA

NO.
1 Wall Lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis
2 Garden lizard Calotes versicolor
3 Skink Mabuya carinata
4 Fan throated lizard Sitana ponticeriana
5 Cobra Naja naja
6 Rat Snake Ptyas mucous
BIRDS

NO.
1 Black drongo Dicrurus adsimilis
2 Ashy crowned finch lark Eremopterix grisea
3 Bank myna Acredotheres ginginianus
4 Black winged kite Elanus caerulus
5 Blue rock pigeon Columba livia
6 Cattle egret Bulbucus ibis
7 Common babbler Turdoides caudatus
8 Common crow Corvus splendens
9 Common myna Acredotheres tristis
10 Common sandpiper Tringa hypoleucos
11 Coppersmith Megalaima haemacephala
12 Crow- pheaasent Centropus sinensis
13 Fantail flycatcher Rhipidura aureola
14 Franklins wren warbler Prinia hodgsonii
15 Grey shrike Lanius excubitor
16 Grey tit Parus major
17 House sparrows Passer domesticus
18 House swift Apus affinus
19 Indian koel Eudynamysscolopaceae
20 Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata
21 Indian roller Coracias benghalensis
22 Indian tree pie Dendrocitta vagabunda
23 Indian white backed vulture Gyps benghalensis
24 Jungle babbler Turdoides striatus
25 Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos
26 Lesser goldenbacked woodpeaker Dinopium benghalens

27 Lotens sunbird Nectarinia lotenia

28 Magpie robin Copsychus saularis
29 Pariah kite Milvus migrans
30 Pond heron Ardeola grayii
31 Purple sunbird Nectarinia asiatica
32 Red vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
33 Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus
34 Rofous backed shrike Lanius schach
35 Rofous tailed finch lark Aammomanes deserti
36 Rose ringed parakeet Paittacula krameri
37 Shikra Accipter badius
38 Small green bee- eater Merops orientalis
39 Spotted owlet Ethane brama
40 Swallow Hirundo rustica
41 Tailor bird Orthotomus sutorius
42 White breasted kingfisher Halcyon smyrensis
43 White wagtail Motavilla alba
44 Yellow throated sparrows Patronia xanthocollis
List of Insects and others in the study area

NO.
1 Ant lion Myrmeleo sp.
2 Beetle Mylabris sp.
3 Black ant Camponotous compressus
4 Blue pancy Précis orithya
5 Common castor Ariadne merione merione
6 Common crow Euploea core core
7 Common evening brown Maelanitus leda leda
8 Common grass yellow Eurema hecabe simulate
9 Common mormon Papilio polyets romulus
10 Danaid eggfly Hypolimans misippus
11 Earthworm Megascolex sp
12 Field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
13 German cockroach Blatta germanica
14 Grasshopper Orthetrum sp.
15 Grasshopper Conocephalus sp.
16 Honey bee Apis dorsata
17 Honey bee Apis indica
18 House cricket Gryllus domecticus
19 House fly Musca domestica (Linn.)
20 Indian cupid Everes lcturnus syntala
21 Lime butterfly Papilio demoles
22 Mole cricket Grylltaipa Africana
23 Mosquito Anopheles sp.
24 Mosquito Culex sp.
25 Pigmy locust Acridium sp.
26 Plain tiger Danus crysippus crysippus
27 Potter wasp Eumenes sp.

28 Red ant Oecophylla smargdina

29 Red cotton bug Ddysdercus sp.
30 Striped tiger Danus genutia genutia
31 Termite Microtermes
32 Tree cricket Oecanthus indicus (Sauss)
33 wasp Icaria sp.
34 Water strider Geris spinole (Leth)
35 Yellow pancy Précis hierta hierta
SPIDERS

NO.
1 Banded four legged spider Argiope aemula
(Walckenaer)
2 Banded four legged spider Argiope sp.
3 House spider Crossopriza sp.
4 Jumping spider Plexippus sp.
5 Lynx spider Oxyopes sp.
6 Lynx spider Peucetia sp.
7 Orb web spider Cyclosa sp.
8 Orb web spider Larinia sp.
9 Orb web spider Neoscona sp.
10 See spider Clubiona sp.
11 Social spider Stegodyphus sp.
12 Two tailed spider Hersilia sp.
13 Wolf spider Hippasa sp.
14 Wolf spider Lycosa sp.
15 Wolf spider Pardosa sp.

Figure 3.6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
5 KM Radius
Project site
Indicating Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station

Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8 Water Sampling Locations
Project site 5 KM Radius
Indicating Location of Ground Water Sample

Figure 3.9 Location of Noise survey
Indicating Noise Monitoring Station

Figure 3.10 Soil Sampling Locations
Indicating Location of Soil Sample

Figure 3.11: Land use/Land Cover Map by satellite images
Asahi

CHAPTER-4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS &
MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 GENERAL
Environmental Impact can be defined as any change in

environmental conditions which may be adverse or beneficial
occurred due to action or set of actions under consideration.
Environmental impact can be assessed by identifying the sources of
the impact and predicting the same. The identification of
environmental impacts has been made by co relating the relationship
between project activity and environmental parameters. The project
activities of the proposed project are usually divided into two phases:
Construction Phase and Operation Phase. The activities like mining,
excavation, erosion, building construction, transportation of
construction material, etc. are usually consider in the construction
phase. While in the operation phase the activities like transportation
and storage of raw materials and finished products, manufacturing
process, resource consumption, emergency disaster and green belt
development has been considered.
The next step is prediction of impacts, which is an important
component in environmental impact assessment process. Several
techniques and methodologies are in vogue for predicting the
impacts due to existing and proposed industrial development on
physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic components of
environment. Such predictions delineate contribution in existing
baseline condition for the proposed project. The additional impacts
due to proposed activities are analyzed keeping in mind the baseline
status. This helps assess the assimilative capacity of the environment
and in turn the gravity of the impacts.
The third important component of the environmental assessment is
the evaluation. Based on the identification and prediction of the

nature of impact the environment, the impact can be evaluated

qualitatively and quantitatively.
The environment impact due to proposed activities will be evaluated
considering the following parameters,
• Air Environment
• Water Environment
• Noise Environment
• Land Environment
• Ecology
• Socio-Economic Environment
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Sources of Impact
There are chances of impact on the air environment due to
installation of new machinery during construction phase and due to
gaseous emission from the flue and process gas stacks during
operational phase.
4.2.1 Prediction of impact
Construction Phase
Since the proposed expansion will be carried out in the existing
premises, no major construction activities will be carried out.
However, there will be chances of dust emission from site cleaning
and construction activity and minor excavation activities. This will be
limited only up to working area. Dust and other emissions are not
likely to spread in wider area, which would affect homes and other
properties. Dust will generate within working areas and measures will
need to taken to protect workers.
However, to mitigate the impact due to Suspended Particulate Matter
(SPM), regular sprinkling of the water will be done along with the
construction activities.
4.2.2 Operational Phase
The impacts on air quality from any project depend on various
factors like design capacity, configuration, process technology, raw

material, fuel to be used, air pollution control measures, operation

and maintenance.
4.2.3 Source of Air Pollution
The main point sources of air pollution due to proposed expansion
project will be of additional flue gas stacks & process gas stacks.
Flue gas stack will be attached to boiler and Thermic fluid heater
where as three process stacks attached to process vessel and third
process stack attached to spin flash dryers.
Flue gas will be mainly due to the combustion of coal/lignite.
However, the unit has provided cyclone separator followed by bag
filter as air pollution control system which will be adequate to meet
the recognized gaseous emission norms. The unit also proposes to
provide proper stack height to all the stacks. Chimney heights have
been chosen such that the generated pollutants disperse effectively
and ensure that the ground level concentrations of pollutants in the
surrounding environment remain well within the permissible limits.
There are also chances of process gas emission- mainly HCl/Cl2 from
the manufacturing of pigment Green-7, where the unit will provide
multistage scrubbing system to reduce emissions of HCl/Cl2.
In Blue Crude plant, NH3 gas will be generated. The unit is already
having scrubbing system in place which is working efficiently and
effectively. The unit proposes to install scrubbing system as per
existing system.
The unit will provide adequate stacks heights of 32 m for the flue gas
stacks (Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater) and 15-18 m for process gas
stacks, which is adequate for the proper dispersion of the gaseous
emission.
To minimize fugitive emission the unit has adopted the practice of
carrying out entire manufacturing process into closed vessel as well
as provided adequate scrubbing system for efficient absorption of
process gas. Unit also takes special care while solvent recovery.

Special care is also taken while material handling and storage. To

reduce the pollutant emission during transportation, the unit has
adopted the practice of regular check up and maintenance of
vehicular engines for complete combustion of the fuel.
In the present study, the mathematical model that has been used for
predictions on air quality includes steady state Gaussian Plume
Dispersion model designed for multiple point sources.
4.2.4 Air Emissions
The results for gaseous emission for existing flue gas stack as well as
for the process gas stacks are summarized in Table: 4.1.
Gas Stack and process Emission Standard Details for Industry give in
Table: 4.2
The results show that all parameters are well within the stipulated
standards.
4.2.5 Micrometeorology
The hourly wind speed, solar insolation and total cloudiness during
day time and wind speed and total cloudiness during night time were
used to determine the hourly atmospheric stability classes (defined
by Pasquill and Gifford as A to F, A being most unstable and F being
most stable).The hourly stability classes were determined based on
the technique suggested by Turner.
Turner’s system used for determining the stability classes is as
follows:
- For day or night: If total cloud cover (TC) = 10/10 and
ceiling <7000 ft (2134 m), NR=0
- For night-time (defined as period from one hour before
sunset to one hour after sunrise):
a) If TC<4/10, use NR = -2
b) If TC>4/10, use NR = -1
- For daytime: determine isolation class number (IN)
a) If TC<5/10, use NR=IN

b) If TC>5/10, modify IN by the sum of the following

applicable criteria
If ceiling<7000 ft (2134m), modification = -2
If ceiling>7000 ft but <16000 ft (4877 m), modification
= -1
If TC=10/10 and ceiling>7000 ft, modification = -1, and let modified
value of IN=NR, except for day-time NR cannot be <+1.
During the study period stability calculated based on above-
mentioned Turner method gives average stability as A-B class during
Day time and E class during Night time. The mean mixing height
considered for prediction is 100 m as mean minimum and 1000 m as
mean maximum. Average micro meteorological data of December-10
to February-11 is used.
4.2.6 Air Quality Modeling and Predictions using the Gaussian Model
The impact on air quality due to emissions from single source or
group of sources is evaluated by use of mathematical models. When
air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere, they are immediately
diffused into surrounding atmosphere, transported and diluted due to
winds. The air quality models are designed to simulate these
processes mathematically and to relate emissions of primary
pollutants to the resulting downwind air quality. The inputs include
emissions, meteorology and surrounding topographic details to
predict the impacts of conservative pollutants.
The impacts of air pollutants were predicted using Gaussian air
dispersion model, which is selected on the basis of existence of
multiple point sources within the industrial complex and the plain
terrain at the project site.
The Gaussian air dispersion model has been developed to simulate
the effect of emissions from point sources on air quality. Gaussian
model extensively used for predicting the Ground Level
Concentrations (GLCs) of conservative pollutants from point, area
and volume sources. The impacts of primary air pollutants are

predicted using this air quality model keeping in view the plain
terrain at the project site. The micrometeorological data monitored at
project site during study period have been used in this model.
The Gaussian model provides estimates of pollutant concentrations at
various receptor locations. It is an hour-by-hour steady state
Gaussian model which takes into account the following:
- Terrain adjustments
- Stack-tip downwash
- Gradual plume rise
- Buoyancy-induced dispersion, and
- Complex terrain treatment and consideration of partial
reflection
- Plume reflection off elevated terrain
- Building down wash
- Partial penetration of elevated inversions is accounted for
Hourly source emission rates, exit velocity and stack gas
temperature
A Gaussian air dispersion models were used to estimate the ambient
air quality levels at the different monitoring stations due to stack
emissions from Asahi Songwon. Only two stability conditions based
on the meteorology aspects were used to calculate the theoretical
maximum ground level concentration is comparing the actual data
and data generated from mathematical modeling, it highlights that
the stability condition E & A-B were predominant in the region. The
maximum ground level concentration of SPM, SO2 and NOx were
2000 m & HCl, Cl2, NH3 were 1000 m away from the source Using
the existing stack emission data and wind speed directions, a
mathematical model was prepared to establish the ground level
concentration in the region.
4.2.7 Predicted GLCs of proposed Chemicals Plant
It is predicted that the maximum contribution in GLCs, with units
operating at full capacity, is 3.205 μg/m3, 1.472 μg/m3 and 0.485

μg/m3 for SPM, SO2 and NOx respectively 2 km away from Project
Site (Source) in N direction. Whereas NH3, HCl, Cl2 were 2.397,
0.291, and 0.125 respectively 1 km away from centre of industry in
N direction.
With this marginal contribution due to the expansion of the project,
the levels of SPM, SO2 and NOX will be below residential area limit
prescribed by CPCB.
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Sources of Impacts
The main sources of impact on water environment will be due to
withdrawal of additional fresh water from the ground during
construction and operation phase and treated waste water discharge.
Prediction of Impact
Construction Phase
Since the proposed expansion will be in the existing premises and no
major construction activities will be carried out, there will not be any
adverse impact on the quality of water because very small quantities
of water will be used. No disposal of construction waste outside the
plant and no leaching are anticipated.
Operational Phase
The unit has provided its own bore well to satisfy the water
requirement within premises. At present the total water requirement
is 2188 KL/day for domestic and industrial purpose which will be
reduced up to 2105 KL/day after proposed expansion. This is due to
recycling of treated wastewater.
The main source of industrial wastewater generation will remain
same after proposed expansion, except increase in waste water
generation from process & utilities and it will be control by recycling
of treated water in process.
Impact Assessment
Since fresh water will be required for the proposed expansion, there
will be insignificant impact on the ground water table. However it will

be balanced by recharge ground water during the monsoon season.

For that, Industry proposed to develop recharging sump at low lying
area which will be connected to the storm water drainage system to
recharging the ground water during the rain.
The entire quantity of industrial wastewater will also be treated at its

modified Effluent Treatment Plant and after meeting effluent
discharge norms recognized by GPCB, entire quantity of the treated
effluent will be finally disposed off into sea through ECP project.
To reduce the wastewater discharge into ECP channel which convey
the treated effluent into river Mahi Creek, unit proposed to install a
RO & Multi effect evaporation systems for recycling of treated
effluent and maintain/minimize the discharge to ECP compare to
current consented capacity.
4.4 NOISE LEVEL IMPACT
During construction phase the impact on noise environment will be

due to installation of new mechanical equipments and machineries
while during the operational phase the impact on noise environment
will be due to manufacturing activities, boilers and transportation
activities.
4.4.1 Construction Phase
The noise produced during construction may have significant impact
on the existing ambient noise levels. However, the proposed
expansion of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is in the existing
premises and there will not be any major construction activities will
be carried out. Minor quantity of noise will be generated due to
installation of new machineries and equipments. The impact will be
very minor and temporary in nature.
4.4.2 Operational Phase
The main sources of noise within the plants are: boiler, Turbine,
transferring pumps and material handling systems. Suitable noise
control system will be provided to ensure that noise at the ventilation

openings does not exceed 90 dB(A) at 1 m distance in conformity

with ISO 3746. The noise level shall, however, exceed the above
limits for a short period during start-up of equipments.
The continuous source of noise during plant operation will be boilers,
turbine, transferring pumps and equipment. The other sources of
noise are the movement of vehicles along the road.
However, proper noise preventive measures have been taken to
minimize the noise pollution like ear plugs, dampers to the boilers,
efficient silencers to the vehicles, etc.
The results of monitoring carried out in the region have been
presented in Chapter-3. The permissible levels in the ambient
environment are presented in Chapter 3. The results are below the
standards prescribed for Industrial environment.
Thus, impact on the environment during the operation phase will be
long term but, insignificant quantity.
4.5 LAND/SOIL ENVIRONMENT
The main source of impact on land and soil environment will be due
to construction activities and hazardous waste disposal.
Construction Phase
Since the proposed project activities will be carried out in the existing
premises. All the existing infrastructure facilities will be utilized with
addition of some new machinery. Therefore, no major construction
activities will be carried out for the proposed project. Further, the
area of the plant is flat. Leveling would not be required. Thus,
topography will also be remained unchanged after proposed
expansion.
Thus, the impact on the land/soil during the construction is for short
terms and insignificant.
Operation Phase
Entire quantity of the hazardous waste will be stored in the isolated
hazardous waste storage area within premises having leachate
collection system and roof cover.

Entire quantity of ETP sludge generated from the Effluent Treatment

Facilities will be sent to TSDF site operated by M/s. Naroda Enviro
Projects Ltd. (NEPL), Ahmedabad for final disposal.
Whereas, discarded barrels/bags/drums/liners will be
decontaminated and reuse/sold to approve vendors and waste/spent
oil will be reused as lubricant within premises or sold to MoEF
approved registered recyclers.
4.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The proposed expansion will be in the existing premises and no

additional land will be required. Therefore, no displacement of person
is envisaged.
The plant is most modern and will require educated and trained
manpower. The surrounding area has got good educational facilities
at Vadodara & Padra. So employment will be satisfied from
surrounding area.
However, some persons with requisite experience is come from
outside also, but most of them may stay at Vadodara.
The operation of the existing plant requires a workforce of 225
persons and after expansion it will be increased up to 350. Thus,
increasing industrial activity will boost up the commercial and
economical status of the locality to some extent.
Thus, overall impacts on socio-economic environment due to the
existence of plant are long term and positive in nature.

4.7 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS
Impacts of the proposed expansion on the ecological environment

like natural vegetation, crops, fisheries and aquatic life, species
diversity, which is summarized hereunder,
Since the proposed expansion will be in the existing premises, there
will not be any cutting of natural vegetation.
On the contrary, the unit proposes to develop green belt on and
around the premises.
The areas around the premises consist of a dense growth of
vegetation. Various trees, shrubs and herbs are found in and around
it, a list of which is given in Chapter 3. None of the plants are in the
list of Endangered Plant Species.
The high Stomatal Index of Azadirachta indica, makes them
susceptible to SO2. However, the SO2 emissions from the industry
will within limits and proper disperse at the stack height of 32
meters. Hence, no major adverse impact is expected on these plants
with the increased emissions.
The high SPM levels may harm leaves by blocking stomata and thus
interfering with exchange of gases during photosynthesis and
respiration and also cause abrasion of plant surfaces when the wind
blows. But the site is not subjected to high-speed winds and the
plants can be expected to be free from any major impacts of SPM on
plants.
Thus, there will not be any significant impact on ecological
environment due to proposed project activities.

Table 4.1:
Estimated emission from new stacks/vents
In 0K in m
01 Boiler-2 450 10 32 Lignite 125 75 25
/Coal
02 Thermic Fluid 440 10 32 Lignite 125 75 25
Heater /Coal
03 Process 325 6.5 15 - NH3 = 125 mg/Nm3
Stack-3
04 Chlorination & 350 5.5 - HCl = 25 mg/Nm3
Dumping 18 Cl2 = 10 mg/Nm3
Vessel
Dryers 1
Dryers 2
Table 4.2:
GPCB Stack and Process Emission Standards Details for Industry
Sr. Stack Attached Parameter Permissible Limit

No. to
Flue Gas Stack
1 Boilers & Heaters PM, SO2, NOX PM< 150 mg/Nm3
SO2<100 ppm
NOX< 50 ppm
Process Gas Stack
2 Process Gas NH3 NH3<175 mg/Nm3

Table 4.3
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SPM

RANK CONC RECEPTOR (XR,YR) TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR (XR,YR) TYPE
1 3.205 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 26 2.124 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
2 3.101 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 27 2.109 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
3 2.721 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 28 2.096 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
4 2.623 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 29 2.086 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
5 2.553 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 30 2.048 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
6 2.525 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 31 2.047 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC
7 2.523 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 32 2.039 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
8 2.500 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 33 2.018 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
9 2.469 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 34 2.009 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
10 2.418 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 35 2.000 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
11 2.417 (-2000.00, 2000.00) GC 36 1.940 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
12 2.405 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 37 1.908 ( -3000.00, 3000.00) GC
13 2.340 -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 38 1.900 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 2.277 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 39 1.883 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
15 2.251 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 40 1.875 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
16 2.241 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 41 1.857 ( .00, 5000.00) GC
17 2.240 (-2000.00, 2000.00) GC 42 1.854 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
18 2.233 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 43 1.847 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
19 2.233 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 44 1.841 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
20 2.228 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 45 1.801 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
21 2.219 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 46 1.797 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC
22 2.185 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 47 1.776 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
23 2.168 -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 48 1.773 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
24 2.158 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 49 1.772 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
25 2.134 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 50 1.767 ( .00, 4000.00) GC

Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3

Table 4.4
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SO2
1 1.472 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 26 0.959 ( .00, 1000.00) GC

2 1.342 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 27 0.957 ( .00, 5000.00) GC
3 1.196 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 28 0.952 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
4 1.196 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC 29 0.940 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
5 1.148 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 30 0.939 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
6 1.142 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 31 0.937 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
7 1.139 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 32 0.926 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
8 1.137 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 33 0.904 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
9 1.137 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 34 0.903 (-1000.00, 1000.00) GC
10 1.123 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 35 0.898 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
11 1.107 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 36 0.889 (-2000.00, 2000.00) GC
12 1.102 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 37 0.887 (-3000.00, 3000.00) GC
13 1.100 (-2000.00, 2000.00) GC 38 0.886 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 1.098 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 39 0.870 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
15 1.093 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 40 0.870 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
16 1.054 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 41 0.867 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
17 1.054 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 42 0.864 (1000.00, 1000.00) GC
18 1.015 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 43 0.858 (-2000.00, 5000.00) GC
19 0.994 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 44 0.834 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
20 0.992 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.831 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
21 0.988 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 46 0.829 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
22 0.980 ( -3000.00, 3000.00) GC 47 0.823 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
23 0.979 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 48 0.820 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC
24 0.967 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 49 0.816 ( .00, 5000.00) GC
25 0.959 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 50 0.815 ( .00, 6000.00) GC

Table 4.5
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NOx
1 0.485 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 26 0.316 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
2 0.442 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 27 0.316 ( .00, 5000.00) GC
3 0.395 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 28 0.314 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
4 0.394 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC 29 0.310 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
5 0.379 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 30 0.310 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
6 0.377 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 31 0.309 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
7 0.376 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 32 0.306 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
8 0.375 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 33 0.298 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
9 0.375 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 34 0.298 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
10 0.370 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 35 0.296 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
11 0.365 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 36 0.293 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC
12 0.363 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 37 0.292 ( -3000.00, 3000.00) GC
13 0.363 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC 38 0.292 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 0.362 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 39 0.287 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
15 0.361 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 40 0.287 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
16 0.348 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 41 0.286 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
17 0.348 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 42 0.285 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC
18 0.335 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 43 0.283 ( -2000.00, 5000.00) GC
19 0.328 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 44 0.275 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
20 0.327 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.274 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
21 0.326 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 46 0.274 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
22 0.323 ( -3000.00, 3000.00) GC 47 0.271 ( .00, 4000.00) GC
23 0.323 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 48 0.270 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC
24 0.319 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 49 0.269 ( .00, 5000.00) GC
25 0.316 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 50 0.269 ( .00, 6000.00) GC

Table 4.6
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for Cl2
1 0.125 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 0.062 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
2 0.100 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 27 0.062 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
3 0.100 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 28 0.062 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
4 0.098 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 29 0.061 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
5 0.097 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 30 0.061 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
6 0.097 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 31 0.059 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
7 0.092 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 32 0.058 (1000.00, 1000.00) GC
8 0.089 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 33 0.058 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
9 0.086 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 34 0.057 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
10 0.084 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 35 0.056 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
11 0.083 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 36 0.056 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
12 0.081 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 37 0.055 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
13 0.078 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 38 0.055 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 0.076 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 39 0.053 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
15 0.075 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 40 0.053 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
16 0.071 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 41 0.052 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
17 0.068 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 42 0.052 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
18 0.067 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 43 0.050 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
19 0.066 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 44 0.050 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
20 0.065 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.050 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
21 0.065 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 46 0.049 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
22 0.065 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 47 0.049 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
23 0.064 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 48 0.048 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
24 0.063 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 49 0.047 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
25 0.062 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 50 0.046 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC

Table 4.7
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for HCl
1 0.291 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 0.144 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
2 0.234 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 27 0.144 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
3 0.233 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 28 0.144 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
4 0.229 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 29 0.143 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
5 0.227 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 30 0.142 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
6 0.226 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 31 0.138 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
7 0.215 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 32 0.136 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC
8 0.208 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 33 0.135 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
9 0.200 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 34 0.133 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
10 0.196 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 35 0.130 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
11 0.193 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 36 0.130 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
12 0.189 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 37 0.129 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
13 0.183 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 38 0.128 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 0.176 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 39 0.124 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
15 0.175 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 40 0.123 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
16 0.167 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 41 0.122 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
17 0.158 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 42 0.121 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
18 0.156 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 43 0.117 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
19 0.153 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 44 0.117 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
20 0.153 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.117 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
21 0.152 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 46 0.114 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
22 0.152 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 47 0.114 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
23 0.150 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 48 0.112 ( .00, 3000.00) GC
24 0.146 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 49 0.110 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
25 0.145 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 50 0.108 ( -2000.00, 2000.00) GC

Table 4.8
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NH3

1 2.397 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 1.170 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
2 1.944 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 27 1.134 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
3 1.919 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 28 1.093 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
4 1.893 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 29 1.061 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
5 1.879 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 30 1.046 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
6 1.872 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 31 1.031 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
7 1.749 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 32 1.025 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
8 1.644 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 33 1.013 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
9 1.592 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 34 1.013 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
10 1.567 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 35 1.012 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
11 1.559 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 36 1.007 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
12 1.483 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 37 1.004 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC
13 1.467 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 38 0.974 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
14 1.414 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 39 0.956 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
15 1.387 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 40 0.927 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
16 1.304 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 41 0.923 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
17 1.279 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 42 0.919 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
18 1.278 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 43 0.912 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
19 1.275 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 44 0.906 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
20 1.263 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.903 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
21 1.248 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 46 0.845 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
22 1.235 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 47 0.823 ( .00, 1000.00) GC
23 1.225 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 48 0.814 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
24 1.217 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 49 0.807 ( .00, 2000.00) GC
25 1.176 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC 50 0.805 ( .00, 2000.00) GC

Figure 4.1
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SPM

10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Figure 4.2
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SO2
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Figure 4.3
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NOX

10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Figure 4.4
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for Cl2
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Figure 4.5
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for HCl
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Figure 4.6
Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NH3
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.- Ahmedabad
Chapter-5
Environnent Management Plan
5.1 Introduction
Assessment of environmental and social impacts arising due to

implementation of the proposed project activities is at the technical
heart of EIA process. An equally essential element of this process is
to develop measures to eliminate, offset or reduce impacts to
acceptable levels during implementation and operation of projects.
The integration of such measures into project implementation and
operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental
requirements within an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
From the previous chapter it can be said that the proposed expansion
project of M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. has significantly less
pollution potential. For abatement of environmental pollution, the
unit would adopt several measures, which are summarized under in
this chapter.
Since M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit and already
have well developed and efficient Environmental Management Plan.
This will be modified/ upgraded as per requirement after the
proposed expansion.
5.2 Objective of Environmental Management Plan
The objective of the Environmental Management Plant is summarized

hereunder,
• To limit/reduce the degree, extent, magnitude or duration of
adverse impacts
• To treat all the pollutants i.e. liquid effluent, air emissions and
hazardous waste with adoption of adequate and efficient
technology
• To comply with all the norms and standards stipulated by
Gujarat Pollution Control Board / Central Pollution Control Board

• To create good working conditions

• To reduce any risk hazards and design the disaster management
plan
• Continuous development and search for innovative technologies
for a cleaner and better environment
5.3 Components of EMP
EMP for the proposed expansion project of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd.
covers following aspects:
• Description of mitigation measures which are proposed for
proposed operation phase only
• Description of monitoring program
• Institutional arrangements
• Implementation schedule and reporting procedures
All above aspects and objectives are kept in the view and considering
the same EMP is prepared for two major fields,
5.3.1 Environmental Management systems
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is well aware of environmental

requirements for planning and implementation of the project and set
up a department with trained personnel headed under the qualified
environmental manager. As indicated in the impact and mitigation
chapter of this report, the environmental impact due to the proposed
expansion is very marginal release of pollutants due to proposed
expansion.
5.3.2 Environmental, Health and Safety Management System
Chemical Industries prefer an integrated approach and make

environmental management a part of overall Environment, Health
and Safety (EHS) Management system.
This model EHS system suggests and addresses EMS issues such as:
- Management system expectation

- Management leadership, responsibilities and accountability

- Risk assessment and management

- Compliance and other requirements
- Personnel, training and contractor services
- Documentation and communications
- Facilities design and construction
- Operation, maintenance and management
- Community awareness and emergency response
- EHS performance monitoring and measurement
- Incident investigation reporting and analysis
- EHS management system audit
- Management review and audit
With this type of EHS management approach, proposed expansion of
project would be able to integrate the requirements of ISO-14001
into the overall management system.
5.4 Environmental Management during Construction Phase
Since M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit and
proposed expansion will be carried out in the same premises. No
major excavation work will be carried out. Minor activities for the
installation of new additional machineries/equipments will be carried
out. Thus, impact will be temporary and negligible.
Minor construction for installation work shall generate noise and dust
will generate within working areas. Therefore, measures will need to
taken to protect workers.
In order to mitigate the adverse environment impact due to the
construction phase, regular sprinkling of the water will be
recommended along with the construction activities.
5.5 Environmental Management during the Operational Phase

5.5.1 Air Environment
The main Sources of the Air Pollution from the existing industrial
activities are flue gas emission and process gas emission. After
proposed expansion there will one boiler and two thermic fluid

heaters will be added. The flue gas emission is from the common
stack attached to steam boiler and Six nos. of thermic fluid heaters
due to combustion of fuel which are attached to three stack. Whereas
the process gas emission is from the one process gas stack attached
to process vessels (1 to 4), second process stack attached to Process
Vessel (5 to 6) and three process stack attached to spin flash dryers.
The major air pollutants, identified from this industry, will be PM, SO2
and NOx due to flue gas emission & NH3, Cl2 & HCl from process
vent. Generated Ammonium Carbonate and HCl as by products will
be sold to actual users as per the guideline of GPCB.
However, in order to achieve the reduction, it is suggested that

during operational phase regular maintenance and periodic tuning of
the burner system should be done to ensure proper atomization and
subsequent minimization of any unburned combustibles. Besides
reduction in particulate emissions, it would also result in better
operating efficiency of Bag Filter
For this, combustion process may be further improved by adopting
following measures:
I. Optimization of combustion aerodynamics should be done using
a flame retention device.
II. Re-circulation of flue gas may be considered to achieve the
triple goals of low PM emissions, low NOx emissions and high
thermal efficiency.
III. Primary flame zone O2 level should be decreased by decreasing
overall O2 level, controlling (delaying) mixing of fuel and air,
and use of fuel-rich primary flame zone.
Flue gas volume should be checked for amount of air needed for the
complete combustion of the fuel.
The unit during operation phase may also implement energy
conservation measures through installation of heat recovery systems.
This would reduce the fuel consumption and in turn the emissions.

The unit proposes to install Beg Filter to the steam boiler whereas
three stage water scrubber to the process gas stack as air pollution
control system, which will be adequate to meet the stipulated
gaseous emission norms.
The unit will also provide adequate stack monitoring facilities for the
periodic monitoring of the stack to verify the compliance of the
stipulated norms.
5.5.2 Action plan to control ambient air quality:-
Following measures taken by us to control the air quality as per the
NAAQES standards notified by the Ministry on 16th September, 2009.
• Effective implementation of air pollution control measures and

monitoring.
• Ammonia recovery by cooling systems to reduce fugitive
emission.
• Effective scrubbing systems will be installed to control un-
recovered ammonia.
• Proper air pollution control systems like dust collector-bag filter
are installed.
• Material handling systems will be designed to avoid any
spillage.
• Development of greenbelt.
• Improve internal road condition etc.
5.5.3 Green Belt
In order to minimize the air pollution the unit has already developed
green belt on and around its premises. And, now proposes to expand
its green belt area considering the following guidelines,
i) Green cover should be created at all the available open spaces.
ii) To make green belt dense more trees are to be planted at all
patches where plantations already exists.
iii) Strict surveillance is made to increase the survival rate of the
trees.

iv) Plants with higher height, medium and low height should be
planted to ensure thick belt for attenuation of fugitive emission.
This activity demands expert advice and guidance.
5.5.4 Measures to control the fugitive emissions
The fugitive emissions of VOCs emitted from leakage through valves,

fittings, pumps, etc. Excess use of solvent may also results in the
fugitive emission from the process vessels.
Since this is the existing unit it can be seen that there is no major
source of fugitive emission from the process plant. However, the unit
has adopted adequate measures for the minimization/prevention of
the fugitive emission.
The unit has adopted following measures, which will be continued
after proposed expansion.
• Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to
prevent leakage and thus minimize the fugitive emissions of
VOCs.
• Entire process is carried out in the closed reactors with proper
maintenance of pressure and temperature.
• Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive
emission.
In case modernisation is undertaken by Asahi Songwon Colours Ltd.,
design features as suggested in Table 5.1 for new equipment may
be considered.
5.5.5 Water Environment
Since most of the industrial activities will be remained same after

proposed expansion, except increased in wastewater generation from
process & utilities. However, after proposed expansion the industrial
wastewater generation will be reduce due to recycling of treated
wastewater.
The unit is also going to continue its current practice of the

wastewater management and entire quantity of the industrial

wastewater will be segregated into three parts depending upon the

concentration. Entire quantity of industrial waste water will be
treated at its own ETP after and finally discharged into ECP channel
which convey the treated effluent into river Mahi Creek.
At present our wastewater discharge is tune around 1482 KL/day

which will be reduced up to 1174 after proposed expansion.
Justification of wastewater reduction after expansion is given in
Figure-2.1(c). (Recycling of water).
The details of the wastewater generation after proposed expansion
and Effluent Treatment plant are depicted in Table-2.4 and Table-
2.5.
To maintain or reduce the wastewater discharge into ECP channel

which convey the treated effluent into river Mahi Creek, unit
proposed to install a RO & Multi effect evaporation systems. The
details of recycling systems are summarized in point no-2.8 and
water balance diagram is work out as per figure-2.1 (b).
5.5.6 Artificial water recharge
The average long-term rainfall, out of which 20% of the rainfall is

considered to go to the ground as a natural recharge and remaining
rainfall runoff and this, is available for the artificial recharge after
accounting for soil moisture storage and evaporation.
We proposed two artificial water recharge well in our premises in low

lying are with due considering to avoid any contamination.
5.5.7 Hazardous/Solid Waste Management
Hazardous/Solid Waste management includes following:

- Measures to minimize waste generation
- Operation of waste handling, treatment and disposal facilities
The Waste Management plan includes:
- Waste Inventory

- Classification of waste
- Packaging, Storing and Transporting Wastes to Disposal site
- Data Management and Reporting
- Personnel Training
- Waste Minimization
Since the unit is the existing unit and there will not any major
change in industrial activities after proposed expansion. The unit has
also provided adequate hazardous waste management system, which
will be continued after proposed expansion. The ETP sludge will be
sent to TSDF site operated by M/s. Naroda Enviro Projects Ltd.
(NEPL), Ahmedabad for final disposal.
Whereas discarded bags/liners/drums/barrels will be decontaminated
and reused/sold to approve vendors and spent/waste oil will be
reused as lubricant/sold to MoEF approved registered recyclers.
The unit has also provided isolated area for the storage of hazardous
waste with roof cover and impervious floor.
The unit also maintains the records for the hazardous waste storage
and disposal.
Entire quantity of hazardous is handled as per Hazardous Waste
(Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules 2008.
5.5.8 Noise Control Technique
At present the main source of noise pollution is boiler/Thermic fluid

heater, vehicular transportation and plant & machinery.
There will be slight increase in noise level due to proposed
manufacturing activities, due to installation of some new additional
mechanical equipment required for the proposed expansion including
power plant.
However, to minimize the noise pollution the unit proposes the
following noise control measures,
Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and/or
protective measures should be provided (wherever noise level is
more than 90 dB(A).

Employees should be provided with ear protection measures like

earplugs or earmuffs. Earplug should be provided to all workers
where exposure is 85 dB (A) or more.
The transportation contractor shall be informed to avoid unnecessary
speeding of the vehicles inside the premises.
Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be
carried out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise
generation.
The selection of any new plant equipment will be made with
specification of low noise levels.
Areas with high noise levels will be identified and segregated where
possible and will include prominently displayed caution boards.
The green belt area will be developed within industrial premises and
around the periphery to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding
area.
Monitoring of noise levels is essential to assess the efficacy of
maintenance schedules undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise
protection measures. A good quality digital sound pressure level
meter is essential for this purpose.
5.5.9 Green Belt Development
Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control

the air pollution and noise pollution. It also causes aesthetics
improvement of the area as well as sustains and supports the
biosphere.
Plantation around the pollution sources control the air pollution by
filtering the air particulate and interacting with gaseous pollutant
before reaches the ground.
Each plant shows different air pollution tolerance level depending
upon number of factors. In green belt area about 1000 trees per acre
of land as prescribed by Gujarat Pollution Control Board shall
planted. The selection of tree species suitable for plantation at the
industry shall be governed by following factors,

• The trees should be tolerant to air pollutants present in the

area
• The trees should be able to grow and thrive on soil of the area,
be evergreen, inhabitant, having minimum of leaf fall.
• The trees should be tall in peripheral curtain plantation and
with large and spreading canopy in primary and secondary
attenuation zone
• It is also recommended to plant few trees, which are sensitive
to air pollution as air pollution indicator.
The unit has already developed the green belt on 5475 sq mt. area
which will be increased up to 29850 sq. mt. after proposed
expansion.
5.6 RESOURCE CONSERVATION/ WASTE MINIMIZATION
The units shall also implement the concept of waste minimization

circle including:
• By-products recovered and reused.
• Good House Keeping: Proper house keeping practices makes the
system easier and less costly. Some of these are as follows:
• Solid wastes e.g. powders, spills, etc. in process, and packaging
are to be separately collected and disposed off instead of allowing
these to effluent streams. This will reduce load and increase the
efficiency of treatment system.
• Liquid wastes from various sections should be collected and treat
with effluents.
• Rain water harvesting system shall be adopted to reduce the fresh
water requirement.
• Cleaner production technology shall be adopted for the resource
conservation and pollution control.
5.7 HEALTH & SAFETY
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. has followed occupational health

program right from the start of production.

Health hazards associated with occupation are called occupational

hazard. The following check-ups shall be carried out regularly to
avoid occupational hazard,
• Pre-employment medical check-up at the time of employment
• Provision of periodic medical check up for all the employees
• To provide necessary first aid facilities. The first aid training
shall also be given to the employees
• Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, ventilation,
chemical exposure shall be carried out at frequent intervals.
• The unit will be appoint the medical officer for the regular
medical examination and treatment of the employee
The following precautions shall be taken to avoid foreseeable
accident like spillage, fire and explosion hazards and to minimize the
effect of any such accident and to combat the emergency at site level
in case of emergency.
• Various emergency spots in plant area will be identified and
kept in sharp and alert watch.
• Protective equipments will be regularly checked and will be
kept easily accessible and easily workable during emergency
• Safety installations like available quantity of running water will
be regularly watched.
• Fire bucket and hose reels will be provided to withstand the fire
or explosion conditions
• Various types of fire extinguishers such as (Foam type, water
CO2 type, CO2 type) will be provide inside the factory premises
• Every pressure vessel will be provided with minimum one or
more pressure relief devices. The design of the valve is made
in such a way that the breakage of any part will not obstruct
force discharge of the liquid under pressure. Moreover, relief
valves are tested and a periodic schedule for their testing shall
be maintained. The defective valves will be removed if found
unsafe for the operation

5.7.1 Possibility of occupational health hazard & its control

Following are major health hazards involve in our proposed
activities mainly
Chemical agents: There are possibility to generate gases,
vapours, liquids and aerosols (dusts, fumes, mists). We will take
care to reduce it at optimum minimum level and advices to workers
to use PPE who work in such identify area.
Noise & Heat: Noise is considered as any unwanted sound that
may adversely affect the health and well-being of individuals or
populations. Aspects of noise hazards include total energy of the
sound, frequency distribution, duration of exposure and impulsive
noise. Hearing acuity is generally affected first with a loss or dip at
4000 Hz followed by losses in the frequency range from 2000 to
6000 Hz. Noise might result in acute effects like communication
problems, decreased concentration, sleepiness and as a
consequence interference with job performance. Exposure to high
levels of noise (usually above 85 dB(A)) over a significant period of
time may cause both temporary and chronic hearing loss.
Permanent hearing loss is the most common occupational disease
in compensation claims.
In our case there will be no high noise level issue or heat or
radiation. However we will identify such are like D.G. Sets, utilities
area and advice to workers to not enter without PPE.
Occupational surveillance involves active programmes to anticipate,

observe, measure, evaluate and control exposures to potential
health hazards in the workplace. Depending upon the occupational
environment and problem, two surveillance methods can be
employed: medical and environmental. Medical surveillance is used
to detect the presence or absence of adverse health effects for an
individual from occupational exposure to contaminants, by
performing medical examinations and appropriate tests.

Environmental surveillance is used to document potential exposure

to contaminants for a group of employees, by measuring the
concentration of contaminants in the air, in bulk samples of
materials, and on surfaces.
Medical surveillance is performed because diseases can be caused
or exacerbated by exposure to hazardous substances. We will
appoint part time doctor who are knowledgeable about occupational
diseases, diagnoses and treatment.
5.7.2 Preventive Measures
The methods of protecting the work force from exposure to toxic

agents in the workplace apply to the use of solvents:
• Segregation of processes using solvents;

• Enclosures or special ventilator control of processes;
• Good general ventilation — particularly important if the solvent
is used in a confined space;
• Personal protection — Protective clothing should be worn,
including gloves, where there is a possibility of absorption
through the skin. Suitable respiratory protection is necessary
like Panorama gas mask with cartridge suitable for the
chemicals we will be handling, Breathing Air Apparatus and Air
Hood with instrument air connection.
• Gas detector with emergency alarm systems in confined area.
Emergency preparedness plan
5.7.3 Occupational Health Programme
Some of the philosophies underlining the occupational health
programme are discussed below:
Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. has employed well qualified and
experienced safety Manager and makes arrangement for part time
doctor for regular checking of health of the employees. Also, plans
to become member of any local hospital for emergency need.
Annual health check for employees will be carried out and record

will be maintained. Regular training to plant personnel in safety fire

fighting and first aid will be provided.
Unit will maintain a healthy work environment. This will be

accomplished through the identification, evaluation and control of
workplace environmental factors which may cause sickness,
impaired health or significant discomfort and inefficiency among
workers. Environmental factors such as noise, physical hazards
toxicity/ chemical hazard and ergonomic hazards will be monitored
on a periodic basis to assist in maintaining a healthy work
environment. Workers exposed to noise and toxic materials will be
evaluated against applicable recognised exposure levels in the
Factories Act. Hearing protection aid will be provided to workers
who work in the high noise areas, during construction of the
proposed facilities and also to those who will continue through the
life of the facility.
5.7.4 Hazard Communication and Chemical Safety
Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. proposed expansion project will
communicate to its workers information on hazards of the materials
used to its workers.
A hazardous chemical directory is being developed to maintain
information on the hazards associated with each chemical used.
Copies of Material Safety Data Sheets for all hazardous materials at
the existing/proposed facility will be kept at the unit and will be
available for employee review. Specific programs and procedures
for the control of health hazards associated with potentially harmful
materials such as Acids, Alkali and volatile chemicals etc. Will
follow the guiding principles established for Occupational Health.
The hazard communication program will serve as the basis for
selection of personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles,
face shields, etc. A select group of employees at the proposed

facilities will receive first aid training to provide an immediate

response and medical care for injuries.
5.8 POST-PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
The post – project environmental monitoring suggested herewith

should be as per the following guideline. The highlights of the
integrated environmental monitoring plan are:
• The stack monitoring facilities like ladder, platform and port –
hole of all the stacks maintained in good condition.
• Regular monitoring of all gaseous emissions from stacks/ vents
and all fugitive emissions in the process areas.
• The performance of air pollution control equipment evaluated
based on these monitoring results.
• Water consumption in the complex recorded daily.
• Analysis of untreated and treated effluent, before discharge
into the final disposal pipeline carried out regularly.
• Performance of effluent treatment plant units evaluated based
on these analysis results.
• As far as possible, noise curbed at its source, with the help of
acoustic hoods and other such noise reducing equipment.
Regular noise level monitoring carried out.
• Green belt properly maintained and new plantation
programmes undertaken frequently.
• Continued environmental awareness programmes carried out
within the employees and also in the surrounding villages.
• Rain water harvesting ponds will be developed within the
industrial premises and encouraged in the surrounding villages
too. All possible back–up and support provided to them.

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Schemes for monitoring ambient air quality stack emissions and
fugitive emissions are proposed. The ambient air quality monitoring
systems are recommended for monitoring the ground level
concentrations and fugitive emissions around the plant. Asahi
Sogwon should install three monitoring stations around its battery
limit (at 1200 as per guideline) for monitoring SPM, SO2 and NOx.
The combined data will provide overall characteristic and emission
from the industry. For this, the following equipment is recommended
to be procured or can higher the services from Environmental
consultant by the project proponent for implementing the above
mentioned monitoring schemes:
Respirable Dust sampler
Blower -1.0-1.3 m3/min capacity with adapter for uniform suction
through filter and a properly calibrated manometer assembly for the
determination of flow rate through filter paper
Rota meter- For gaseous sampling, calibrated Rota meter (0-5 LPM)
for maintaining flow rate should be provided
Main housing-The main housing should be rectangular with a stand
of about 1.25 m height.
Besides this, stack emissions monitoring as per GPCB guidelines shall
be carried out.
Noise Environment
Monitoring of noise levels is essential to assess the efficacy of
maintenance schedules undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise
protection measures. A good quality digital sound pressure level
meter is essential for this purpose.
Water Environment
Wastewater is being analyzed at the ETP discharge regularly and
should continue after the expansion also.

Table 5.1
Design features for minimization of fugitive emissions
S. Equipment Design Features Control Efficiency

No. %
1 Pumps Sealless design 100
Dual Mechanical Seal 100
2 Valves Sealless Design 100
3 Compressor Dual Mechanical Seal 100
4 Connectors Weld together 100
5 Pressure Relief Rupture Disc 100
Devices
6 Sampling Connection Closed loop sampling 100

Table 5.2 Environment Monitoring
Nature of Analysis Frequency of Number of Sample

Analysis
Stack Monitoring of Monthly At all stack
each stack
Ambient Air Quality Monthly for 24 hours 3 Location
Monitoring or as per the statutory
conditions.
Work place area for Monthly 5 to 6 location
Fugitive emission
Industrial Effluent for Ones in a Month One Sample
applicable parameters
as per the Consents
Conditions

Figure 5.1
EHS Management
Technical Director
Vice President
(Operation)
EHS Manager
Environmental
Chemist
ETP Chemist
Supervisors/operator

San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. – Ahmedabad
Chapter-6
Quantitative Risk Assessment
6.1 Introduction
The risk assessment studies have been conducted for identification of
hazards, to calculate damage distances and to spell out risk
mitigation measures.
Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit located at survey no.
429 to 432, village: Dhudhwada, Taluka: Padra, Dist.: Vadodara,
State: Gujarat. Now, the unit proposes to expand its production
capacity of CPC Blue and Pigment Beta Blue-A/B in existing product
with capacity of 850 MT/month & 100 Mt/Month respectively. Now
Unit envisage to increase the production capacity of CPC Blue from
850 Mt/Month to 1000 MT/month, Pigment Beta Blue from 100
Mt/Month to 500 Mt/Month with introduce of three new product –
Pigment Alpha Blue with 60 MT/month, Pigment Violet–23 with 25
Mt/Month and Pigment Green–7/36 with 200 Mt/Month.
6.1.1 Scope Of Study
The scope of work is to carry out risk analysis for the proposed
expansion of plant covering all the hazardous chemicals to be
handled and stored at the plant after expansion.
6.1.2 Study Objective
The objective of the risk analysis includes the following:
• Identification of hazards
• Selection of credible scenarios
• Consequences Analysis of selected accidents scenarios
• Risk Mitigation Measures
6.1.3 The Study Approach
The risk assessment study broadly comprised of the following steps:
• System Description
• Identification of Hazards

• Selection of Credible Accident Scenarios

• Consequence Analysis
• Risk Mitigation Measures
6.1.4 System Description
This step comprised the compilation of the location, design and
operational information needed for the risk analysis.
6.1.5 Identification of Hazards
Hazards associated with the plant after expansion was identified.
Summary of relevant accident cases was reviewed.
6.1.6 Risk Reduction Measures
Based on hazard identification and consequence analysis, risk
reduction measures were suggested to reduce risk and enhance
safety at the plant.
6.2 PROBABLE HAZARDS & RISK
Hazard identification and risk assessment is carried out through
careful study of plant process. Following this various scenarios by
which an accident can occur are then determined. Concurrent study
of both probability and the consequences of an accident are carried
out and the final risk assessment is made. Since chemical & fuel
posses’ different kind of hazard, both have been separately
associated. The chemicals poses more of Occupational Health Hazard,
while fuel posses more of safety / accidental hazards. Hazard & risk
assessment has been carried out for exposure to harmful dust /
vapors, liquid pool evaporation or boiling and leakage’s in confined
space.
6.3 HAZARDOUS IDENTIFICATION
Hazard is defined as a chemical or physical conditions those have the
potential for causing damage to people, property or the environment.
Hazard identification is the first step in the risk analysis and entails
the process of collecting information on:
• The types and quantities of hazardous substances stored and
handled,

• The location of storage tanks & other facilities,

• Potential hazards associated with the spillage and release of
hazardous chemicals.
6.3.1 Hazardous Substances to be handled at Asahi Songwon
Colors Ltd.
M/s Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. has been engaged in handling and storage of
various flammable and toxic hazardous materials. Important characteristic of
these hazardous materials are described in details below:
Chlorine gas
Chlorine is a toxic gas (B. P. is -34oC). In liquefied form chlorine is a
clear amber dense liquid. The gas is greenish-yellow, about 2.5 times
as dense as air, and non-flammable. Liquid chlorine causes severe
irritation and blistering of skin. The gas has a pungent suffocating
Odour and is irritant to the nose and throat. It is an extremely
powerful vesicant and respiratory irritant.
Typically, exposure to chlorine concentrations of 3 - 6 ppm results in
a stinging and burning sensation in the eyes. Exposures for 0.5 -1
hour to concentrations of 14-21ppm cause pulmonary oedema,
pneumonitis emphysema and bronchitis. This is usually associated
with marked bronchospasm, muscular soreness and headache. Whilst
there is inevitably a variation in individual susceptibility, typically 4
ppm is the maximum concentration that can be breathed for one
hour without any damage, 40-60 ppm is dangerous for a 30-minute
exposure and a concentration of 1000 ppm is likely to be fatal after a
few breaths. IDLH (immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) value
for chlorine is 10 ppm. Permissible limit in exposure of chlorine in
work environment under Factories Act, 1948 is 1 ppm Time Weighted
Average (TWA) Concentration (8 hours).

Isobutyl Alcohol:
Isobutyl Alcohol is flammable liquid. Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or
absorbed through skin. Affects central nervous system, causes
irritation to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
Appearance: Clear, colorless solution.
Odor: Sweet-musty odor.
Solubility: 9.5g/100ml water @ 200C
Specific Gravity: 0.803
% Volatiles by volume @ 210C: 100
Boiling Point: 1080C
Melting Point: -1080C
Vapor Density (Air=1): 2.6
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): 8.8 @ 20C (68F)
Sulphuric Acid:
Sulphuric acid is a colorless to yellowish highly corrosive liquid.
Poison, danger and corrosive. Mist causes severe burns to all body
tissue. May be fatal if swallowed or contacted with skin harm full if
swallowed. Avoid substance contact. Do not inhale vapors/aerosols.
Ensure supply of fresh air in enclosed rooms. Do not allow
unprotected person to handle material. Main Physical properties of
Sulphuric acid are summarized bellows
Physical state : Liquid
Specific gravity : 1.5
pH value at 49g/l H2O at 25 0C : 0.3
Color : Colorless
Odor : Odorless
Boiling point : ~310 0C
Freezing point : -42 0C
Melting point : ~ -15 0C
Bulk density : 1.5 g/ml
0
Vapor pressure at 20 C (mm) : ~0.0001hPa
Solubility in water at 20 0C : soluble

0
Thermal decomposition : ~338 C
Caustic Lye:
Caustic is a colorless liquid. Harmful if swallowed or inhaled Causes
burns to any area of contact. It is not considered to be fire hazard.
Do not handle without PPEs. Use safety goggles, Gumboots, PVC
hand gloves and rubber apron if required. Main Physical properties of
Sulphuric acid are summarized bellows
Molecular formula : NaOH
Appearance : Clear Soapy Liquid
Odor : Odorless
Boiling point : 1480C
Vapor pressure at 400C : 3.6 mm Hg
Bulk density : 1.5 g/ml
pH : Highly alkaline
Liq. Ammonia
Ammonia is a colorless gas and adsorb into water to convert
Ammonia solution. It has penetrating, suffocating odor. It is stable
and hydroscopic in nature. Toxic by inhalation or skin contact - may
be fatal if inhaled. Physical properties are summarized bellow.
Appearance : colorless
Odor : Penetrating & suffocating
Melting point : -77.70C
Boiling point : -33.30C
Vapor density : 0.89 g/l
Vapor pressure : 0.597
Flash point : 110C
Explosion limits : 16% - 25%
Water solubility : High

6.4 QUANTITIES OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

As mentioned in Section-6.3, various hazardous chemicals will be
used and stored at the plant in small to large quantities as per
requirement. As per Manufacture, storage and Import of Hazardous
Chemicals rules 1989 and amendment subsequently, there will be
only few hazardous chemicals, which have potential for creating risk
to life and property in an unlikely event of leakage or spillage
followed by fire.
The hazardous chemicals are stored at the plant in tank with

adequate dyke. Other chemicals will be stored in cylindrical tanks,
barrels and carboys. Details of storage of hazardous materials are
given in Table - 6.1.
Table - 6.1: Facilities for Storage of Chemicals
Name of Chemical Quantity, MT/month MOC Storage
Facility
Sulphuric Acid (98%) 75 MS Above GL
Spent Acid (20-22%) 100 MSRL/FRV Above GL

LAB (Solvent) 120 SS Claded Above GL
Iso butyl Alcohol 30 SS Claded Above GL
Chlorine or
207 MS Cylinder
Bromine
Xylene 30 SS Claded Above GL
Nitric Acid
25 MS Drum
6.4.1 Probable Hazards & Risk

From the preliminary risk assessment study carried out for Asahi
Songwon unit some of the possible hazards have been identified. The
likely accident scenarios considered are given below:
S. Scenario Vulnerability Remarks
No. Zone
1. Spill of Area close to Isolate the area immediately
Solvent spill area and ensure no ignition source

/Acids comes nearby. Reclaim the

material if possible or cover the
spill with sand/mud /foam (to be
safely disposed off later)
2. Toxic Liquid Confined Area Spillage to be mopped up,
Leakage/ decontaminated (if required)
Spillage in and disposed of as per norms.
Confined Fresh Air inlet / Ventilation
Space System to be fully opened.
Ventilation Exhaust will carry
harmful vapors. Personnel to
avoid contact with exhaust
vapors. Exhaust to be released
at safe elevation.
3. Flammable Area adjoining to Deluge all adjoining tanks till
liquid tank tank periphery/ fire stops and heat is dissipated.
in tank farm other tanks in Transfer/neutralize the spillage
on fire tank farm (if any).
The above mentioned hazards scenarios can further aggravate into

much more serious incidents if not intercepted in time. The fire in
one tank of tank farm can spread to adjoining tanks and may result
in explosions. The vulnerability zone will be considerably enlarged.
The vapors of toxic fluids/dust if carried away by wind above TLV
concentrations may further enlarge the vulnerability zone. Similarly,
toxic fluid spillage and all wastes leaving the live processing zone if
not decontaminated properly can cause serious health hazard to
plant personnel and persons in nearby area.
6.4.2 Hazards Due to Loss of Containment

In the event of leakage or accidental release of above mentioned
hazardous chemicals, it will create localized effects within the short
distances in side the plant. Adequate safety measures including fire
fighting facilities will be provided to attend any emergency for these
hazardous chemicals. Among the hazardous inventories, Ammonia
gas from process is toxic gas and in unlikely event of release, toxic
vapour cloud may form and move on site or even off site of the plant.

6.4.3 Release of Chlorine

In the event of release of chlorine from 900 kg cylinders, cloud of
toxic gas will be formed and moved towards wind direction. The IDLH
(Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) concentration value for
10 minutes exposure has been taken as the criteria for the ‘wounded’
category.
6.4.4 Release of Flammable Materials
Solvents and flammable materials will be stored in tanks of various
sizes at the plant to meet the process requirements. Suitable dyke
have been provided for loss of containment. At the time of leakage,
pool will be form in dyke and in an unlikely event of fire thermal
radiation may cause damage to life and property.
6.4.5 Effect & Consequence Analysis
As a part of risk assessment study maximum credible accident
analysis (MCA) is carried out to determine the maximum loss
scenario from this analysis. It is an eventuality which is possible and
will have maximum consequential distances for the particular
hazardous chemicals under evaluation.
The selection of the accident scenarios is based on the engineering
and professional judgment, accident descriptions of the past in
similar type of plants & the expertise in risk analysis studies.
6.4.6 Maximum Credible Accident Scenarios
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Limited is dealing with many hazardous
substances. Most of hazardous chemicals are solvents and will not
create major threat to life and property in the event of spillage as
dykes have been provided for full containment. Subsequently their
consequence will be confined within short distances.
Chlorine is major toxic hazardous. Chlorine is stored in 900 kg
cylinders. In an unlikely event of accidental release of chlorine, toxic
cloud will be formed and moved to towards wind directions.
For the selection of maximum credible accident scenarios following
methodology have been adopted:

6.4.7 Methodology for Selection of Accident Scenarios

In this study the following steps were followed for scenario selection
for risk analysis study:
• The hazardous materials handled at Asahi Songwon Colors Limited
and the associated hazards were identified and assessed.
• Operating and storage conditions of handling and storage of
hazardous materials were studied.
An assessment was made of what inventories can get released
accidentally.
Sl. Type of Outcome Cases

Release Considered
1. Spill of Solvent Area close to spill Isolate the area
/Acids area immediately and ensure no
ignition source comes
nearby. Reclaim the
material if possible or
cover the spill with
sand/mud /foam (to be
safely disposed off later)
2. Toxic Liquid Confined Area Spillage to be mopped up,
Leakage/ decontaminated (if
Spillage in required) and disposed of
Confined Space as per norms.
Fresh Air inlet / Ventilation
System to be fully opened.
Ventilation Exhaust will
carry harmful vapors.
Personnel to avoid contact
with exhaust vapors.
Exhaust to be released at
safe elevation.
3. Flammable liquid Area adjoining to Deluge all adjoining tanks
tank in tank farm tank periphery/ till fire stops and heat is
on fire other tanks in tank dissipated.
farm Transfer/neutralize the
spillage (if any).

6.5 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIOS

Following maximum credible scenarios have been selected for
consequence analysis as a result of accidental releases:
6.5.1 Consequence Analysis
Consequence analysis for the selected accident scenarios has been
carried to estimate the vulnerable zones. When the vulnerable zone
is identified for failure cases, measures can be taken for risk
mitigation measures and to eliminate damage to the plant and injury
to personal.
6.5.2 Release of Chlorine
In the event of release of chlorine from 900 kg cylinders, cloud of
toxic gas will be formed and moved towards wind direction. The IDLH
(Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) concentration value for
10 minutes exposure has been taken as the criteria for the ‘wounded’
category.
6.5.3 Effect & Consequence Analysis
As a part of risk assessment study maximum credible accident
analysis (MCA) is carried out to determine the maximum loss
scenario from this analysis. It is an eventuality which is possible and
will have maximum consequential distances for the particular
hazardous chemicals under evaluation.
The selection of the accident scenarios is based on the engineering
and professional judgment, accident descriptions of the past in
similar type of plants & the expertise in risk analysis studies.
6.5.4 Maximum Credible Accident Scenarios
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colours Limited is dealing with many hazardous
substances. Most of hazardous chemicals are solvents and will not
create major threat to life and property in the event of spillage as
dykes have been provided for full containment. Subsequently their
consequence will be confined within short distances.

Chlorine is major toxic hazardous. Chlorine is stored in 900 kg

cylinders. In an unlikely event of accidental release of chlorine, toxic
cloud will be formed and moved to towards wind directions.
For the selection of maximum credible accident scenarios following
methodology have been adopted:
6.5.5 Consequence Analysis for Chlorine Release Scenarios
Scenario Description
Catastrophic failure of the chlorine cylinder from valve will result in a
release of chlorine gas. The released chlorine gas will flash
vigorously. Toxic vapour cloud of chlorine gas will be formed which
will be dispersed in the prevailing wind direction. For atmospheric
dispersion of chlorine “heavy gas dispersion model” has been used.
Outcome: Toxic Vapour Cloud of Chlorine
Results of dispersion modelling of chlorine gas and atmospheric
conditions using Heavy Gas Instantaneous Gas Release Model for 10
ppm (IDLH) concentration at cloud boundary are given below, for day
time atmospheric stability conditions B & D and for night time
stability condition E.
I. Chlorine Gas Cloud Size and Location for 10 PPM (IDLH)
Concentration in Unstable Atmospheric Conditions
Catastrophic failure of the chlorine cylinder will result in a release of
Cl2 and toxic vapour cloud will be formed which will be dispersed
towards prevailing wind direction. For atmospheric dispersion of
chlorine “heavy gas dispersion-Instantaneous gas release” has been
used.
Atmospheric Conditions
Temperature : 35oC
Average Wind speed : 2 m/s
Stability Conditions :B
Model Output Information
Size of chlorine gas cloud and its location with Cl2 concentration of 10
PPM (IDLH) at cloud boundary.

Time t after Start of Cl2 Release (s) : 120

Maximum Width of Vapour Cloud (m) : 92
Maximum Length of Vapour Cloud (m) : 239
Minimum Distance to Threshold Concentration (m) : 116
Maximum Distance to Threshold Concentration (m) : 355
II. Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 10-PPM (IDLH)
Concentration in Neutral Atmospheric Conditions
Catastrophic failure of the chlorine cylinder results in a release of Cl2
and toxic vapour cloud will be formed which will be dispersed in the
prevailing wind direction. For atmospheric dispersion of chlorine
“heavy gas dispersion-Instantaneous gas release” has been used.
Temperature : 35oC
Stability Conditions :D
Size of Chlorine cloud and its location with Cl2 concentration of 10
III. Chlorine Cloud Size and Location for 10-PPM (IDLH)
Concentration in Stable Atmospheric Conditions
Catastrophic failure of the chlorine cylinder results in a release of Cl2
and toxic vapour cloud will be formed which will be dispersed in the
prevailing wind direction. For atmospheric dispersion of chlorine
“heavy gas dispersion-Instantaneous gas release” has been used.
Temperature : 20oC

Stability Conditions :E
Size of chlorine cloud and its location with Cl2 concentration of 10
6.5.6 Catastrophic Rupture of IBA Tank
In the event of catastrophic rupture of IBA tank, fixed pool will be
formed in dyke and in the event of fire, thermal radiation will be
occurred. Outcome of model are summarized below:
Combustion Rate : 0.23 kg/s
Heat Radiation Distance from Fixed Pool Boundary
15 kW/m2 : 2.7 m
12.7 kW/m2 : 3.2 m
10 kW/m2 : 4.0m
3 kW/m2 : 7.4 m
1 kW/m2 (Safe Distance) : 11.0 m
6.5.7 Catastrophic Rupture of Xylene Tank

In the event of catastrophic rupture of Xylene tank, pool will be
formed in dyke and in the event of fire, thermal radiation will be
occurred. Outcome of model are summarized below:
Combustion Rate : 1.12 kg/s
Heat Radiation Distance from Pool Boundary
15 kW/m2 : 4.3 m
12.7 kW/m2 : 5.0 m
10 kW/m2 : 6.2 m
3 kW/m2 : 13.5 m
1 kW/m2 (Safe Distance) : 21.9 m

6.6 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH:

Safety of plant personnel and equipment’s is of utmost importance
irrespective of plant size. Units should bring its environment, health
and safety policy and follow it. Proper safety procedures are being
followed as far as possible including the use of personal protective
gadgets (hand gloves, dust masks, face shield, goggles, apron etc. as
required) by the workers while charging material manually (if
required) in reaction/purification/washing/storage vessel, operating
filter; flushing the equipment or pipe line; and drawing samples for
analysis to prevent hazardous exposure to worker and to avoid spill
of inflammable chemicals. Avoid contact with the raw materials
(touch, inhale or oral route) with the use of Personal protective
equipment. Prevention is better than cure. Safety of plant personnel
and equipment’s is of utmost importance irrespective of plant size.
Units should bring its environment, health and safety policy and
follow it. Proper safety procedures are being followed as far as
possible including the use of personal protective gadgets (hand
gloves, dust masks, face shield, goggles, apron etc. as required) by
the workers while charging material manually (if required) in
reaction/purification/washing/storage vessel, operating filter;
flushing the equipment or pipe line; and drawing samples for analysis
to prevent hazardous exposure to worker and to avoid spill of
inflammable chemicals. Avoid contact with the raw materials (touch,
inhale or oral route) with the use of Personal protective equipment.
Prevention is better than cure. A schedule has been drawn up for
regular preventive maintenance of each unit and the same needs to
be faithfully followed as far as possible. All the valves, which are
prone to open and spill inflammable / toxic material due to accident
impact, must be placed with suitable guard. The unit's management
should ensure that all rotating machines and moving parts are
provided with appropriate guards and the guards are put back in the
position after check up and maintenance.

All the control systems are being periodically checked for their
reliability and accuracy.
Ventilation has been provided in process area where chances of build
up of concentration of hazardous chemicals are high to prevent
fire/toxic hazard.
Electrical grounding of all equipment is ensured.
Units' management has identified all hazardous chemicals in use in
the plant and prepared Safety Data Sheets for most of them. Safety
Data Sheets are quite comprehensive and provide important
data/information on physical and chemical properties, fire and
explosive hazards, toxic limits, emergency and first aid measures etc.
6.6.1 Occupational Health and First aid Measures
Units are using a number of chemicals, which if handled in safe ways
with all precautions (as detailed in respective MSDS) will not cause
harm to employees. However in rare case of exposures, immediate
action is to be taken to save life and reduce the extent of damage.
Unit has first aid facilities and calling base ambulance facilities as and
when required. Industry has appointed part time doctor for
periodically health check.
Instructions for immediate actions to exposures to some of the

chemicals will be given to employees.
6.6.2 Risk Reduction Measures
For risk mitigation / reduction, attempts should be made to either
reduce inventories that could get released in the event of loss of
containment or failure likelihood’s or both as feasible. Risk analysis
identifies the major risk contributors, which enables prioritization of
the plant that deserve special attention in terms of inspection and
maintenance in particular and over all safety management as a
whole.
For the risk reduction at Asahi, the following salient suggestions and
recommendations are made:

• On site and off site emergency response plan should be prepared

and circulated to concern persons.
• Personnel at the proposed plant and public in surrounding area
should be made aware about the hazardous substance stored at
the plant and risk associated with them.
• A written process safety information document should be compiled
for general use.
• The document compilation should include an assessment of the
hazards presented including (i) toxicity information (ii) permissible
exposure limits. (iii) Physical data (iv) thermal and chemical
stability data (v) reactivity data (vi) corrosivity data (vii)
information on process and mechanical design.
• The process design information in the process safety information
compilation must include P&IDs/PFDs; process chemistry;
maximum intended inventory; acceptable upper and lower limits,
pressures, flows and compositions and process design and energy
balances.
• The adequate numbers of chlorine and SO2 gas detectors/sensors
should be provided at strategic locations in the plant and
indication of detectors/sensors should be provided in main control
room.
• A system of checking testing/sealing of relief valves during major
plant overhauls should be instituted for plant equipment,
wherever it is applicable.
• Predictive and preventive maintenance schedule should be
prepared for equipment, piping, etc. and thickness survey should
be done periodically as per standard practices.
• A written procedure (Management of Change) must be developed
to manage changes to process chemicals, technology, equipment
and procedures that affect a covered process.
• Safe work practices should be developed to provide for the control
of hazards during operation and maintenance such as: i. lockout

/tag out ii. Confined space entry iii. Opening process equipment or
piping iv. Control over entrance into a facility by maintenance,
contractor, laboratory, or other support personnel.
• Personnel engaged in handling of hazardous chemicals should be
trained to respond in an unlikely event of emergencies.
• The plant should check and ensure that all instruments provided in
the plant are in good condition and documented.
• Close loop type fire hydrant system pressurised at 7 kg/cm2 with
jockey pumps should be provided in flammable chemical storage.
• Safety measures in the form of DO and Don’t Do should be
displayed at strategic locations especially in local language and
English.
• Regular mock drills should be carried out once in every 3 months
and shortcomings should be recorded and rectified. Records
should be maintained for the response of Mock Drills and
corrective actions should listed and taken accordingly.
6.6.3 Safe Guards for Storage and Handling of Hazardous
Chemicals
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment is devices that are fitted and issued to
each worker personally for his or her exclusive use. They are
intended for temporary use and emergency response action only. If a
worker must enter a contaminated area, he must wear adequate
protective equipment suitable for chlorine service. Employees should
be taught when and how to use respiratory apparatus provided, and
how to recognize defects in the equipment. Full dress escape drills
should be conducted at least once a year. If such safety equipment is
not available, entry into the contaminated area should not be
attempted.
• Keep personal protective equipment where it can be accessed
quickly, outside the chlorine storage area and away from areas of
likely contamination.

• Employees who work near chlorine must be issued a properly

fitting cartridge type or canister type escape respirator.
• Facial hair should not be permitted for those who are issued
escape-type or self-contained respirators because it prevents a
proper seal.
• Workers should always carry escape type respirators while
working around chlorine.
• Each employee should maintain his/her personal protective
equipment in clean, working condition at all times.
• All equipment should be used and maintained in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions.
6.6.4 Handing of Hazards
• Personal protective equipment used by the person during handling
of hazardous chemicals, should be replaced after certain time.
• If any spillage of hazardous chemicals, it should be cleaned and
disposed as per standard practiced.
• Empty drums of hazardous chemicals should neutralize
immediate.
• Personnel engaged in handling of hazardous chemicals should be
made aware of properties of hazardous chemicals.
6.6.5 General Working Conditions

(a) House Keeping
• All the passages, floors and stairways should be maintained in
good condition. The system should be available to deal with any
spillage of dry or liquid chemical at the plant.
• Sufficient disposable bins should be clearly marked and these
should be suitably located in the plant.
• Walkways should be clearly marked and free from obstructions.
• In the plant, precaution and instructions should be displayed at
strategic locations.
• All pits, sumps should be properly covered or securely fenced.

• Roads/walkway within the plant should be maintained neat and

clean.
(b) Ventilation
• Adequate ventilation should be provided in the work floor
environment.
• The work environment should be assessed and monitored
regularly.
• Local ventilation is most effective method for controlling dust and
gaseous emissions at work floor.
6.6.6 Safe Operating Procedures
• Safe operating procedures should be available for mostly all
operations and equipment.
• The workers should be informed of the consequences of failure to
observe the safe operating procedures.
6.6.7 Work Permit System
Work permit system should be followed at the plant. Hazardous work
permit should be used for hot work, electrical works, etc.
6.6.8 Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment (PPEs) is devices that are fitted and
issued to each worker personally for his or her exclusive use. They
are intended for temporary use and emergency response action only.
If a worker must enter a contaminated area, he must wear adequate
protective equipment. Employees should be taught when and how to
use respiratory apparatus (SCBA) provided, and how to recognize
defects in the equipment. Without SCBA entry into the contaminated
area should not be attempted.
• Keep personal protective equipment where it can be accessed
quickly, outside the hazardous material storage area and away
from areas of likely contamination.
• Each employee should maintain his personal protective equipment
in clean, working condition at all times.

• All equipment should be used and maintained in accordance with

the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Equipment installed for body and eye wash should be checked
properly for round the clock operation.
6.6.9 Fire Protection
• Adequate fire fighting facilities should be available at the plant,
including, dry chemical powder type, water CO2 type, mechanical
foam type, CO2 type and sand buckets.
• The fire fighting system and equipment should be tested and
maintained as per relevant standards.
• The fire drills should be conducted once in six months.
6.6.10 Emergency Preparedness
• On-site emergency plan should be prepared and readily available
for an unlikely event of emergency.
• Emergency telephone numbers should be available and display
properly strategic locations.
6.6.11 Static Electricity
• All equipment and storage tanks/containers of flammable
chemicals should be bounded and earthed.
• Electrical resistance for earthing circuits should be maintained.
Periodic inspections should be done for earth pit and record should
be maintained.
6.6.12 Access
• Adequate safe access should be provided to all places where
workers need to work and all such access should be in good
condition.
6.6.13 Material Handling
• Material handling areas should be clearly defined.
• The workers should be made aware about the hazards associated
with manual material handling.

6.6.14 Communication System

• Adequate communication facilities should be available at the plant
and supported with uninterrupted power supply.
• Communication facilities should be checked periodically for its proper
functioning.
6.6.15 First Aid Facilities
• First box should be provided at strategic locations within the plant.
• At least one stature should be available in first aid room.
• List of important telephone numbers should be displayed in first
aid room.
6.6.16 Management of Change
The system for Management of Change (MOC) should be practiced at
the plant. It is suggested that written procedures should be
developed to manage the changes in process/equipment
/piping/technology. The procedures should assure following
consideration, are addressed prior to any change:
• The Technical basis of the existing change
• Impact of change on safety and health
• Modification to operating procedures
• Necessary time period for change
• Duration of change incase of temporary change
• Authorization requirements for the existing change
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA), Regulatory
Check List, 29 CFR 1910.119 may be referred for developing the
system for Management of Change.
6.6.17 Accident Reporting, Investigation And Analysis
A system should be initiated for accident and near miss reporting,
investigation and analysis. To motivate and awareness among the
personnel at the plant about safety, total accident (lost time injury)
free days can be displayed on the board prominently at strategic
location.

6.6.18 Safety Inspections

The system should be initiated for checklist based routine safety
inspection and internal audit of the plant periodically. Safety
inspection team should be formed from various disciplines and
departments.
6.6.19 Safe Operating Procedures
Safe operating procedures should be formulated and updated,
specific to process & equipment and distributed to concerned plant
personnel.

Table-6.1: Effects Due To Incident Radiation Intensity
INCIDENT TYPE OF DAMAGE

RADIATION
-Kw/M2
0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation
1.6 No discomfort on long duration
4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec.
Blistering of skin (first degree burns are
likely)
9.5 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec.
Second degree burns after 20 sec.
12.5 Minimum energy required for piloted
ignition of wood, melting of plastic tubing
etc.
Table-6.2 Damages to Human Life to Thermal Radiation
Exposure Radiation Energy Radiation Radiation

Duration (1%Lethality, Energy for 2nd Energy for 1st
kW/m2) degree burns, degree burns,
kW/m2 kW/m2
10 sec 21.2 16 12.5
30 sec 9.3 7.0 4.0

Figure-6.1
Procedure for Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Risk
Evaluation
Process
Effects
Information
Study Evaluation
Process Engg.
Details (P&I)
EPP
Inventory
Identification of
Analysis
Plot Plan Hazard Prone Report
Layout Areas
FEI and DMP

Data Collection
Toxicity Index Hazardous
Physical Units
Properties of
Chemicals
Hazard
Met. Data
Survey
Risk
Mitigation
Population Data
Measures
Checklist
Approach
Past Accident
Data
Env. Opinion
Data

San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. - Ahmedabad
CHAPTER-7
Onsite Disaster Management Plan
7.1 INTRODUCTION
An emergency is said to have arisen when operators in the plant are

not able to cope with a potential hazardous situation i.e. loss of
control of an incident causes the plant to go beyond its normal
operating conditions, thus creating danger. When such an emergency
evolves, chain of events which affect the normal working within the
factory area and/or which, may cause injuries, loss of life, substantial
damage to property and environment both inside and around the
factory take place and a DISASTER is said to have occurred.
M/s. Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. is the existing unit, involved in
manufacturing of CPC blue crude & Pigment Beta Blue. Now, unit
proposed to expand its production capacity of existing products with
introduce of three new products i.e. Pigment Alpha Blue: 15/15.1,
Pigment Violet – 23 and Pigment Green – 7/36.
As described in previous chapter-6, the risk assessment studies have
been conducted for identification of hazards, to calculate damage
distances and to spell out risk mitigation measures.
Despite of our best efforts in the way of managing an emergency
situation lies in the prevention of the any risk hazards from the
manufacturing process or material handling, things can go wrong.
Therefore, it is essential to plan and develop the support system,
which will be required in case an emergency arises.
7.2 PROBABLE HAZARDS & RISK
From the preliminary risk assessment study presented in Chapter 6

of this report, some of the possible hazards have been identified.

7.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PLAN
Following are the Objectives of the disaster management plan:

• To define and assess emergencies, including risk and environment
impact assessment.
• To reduce possibilities of accident
• To safeguard employees, visitors and other people in the vicinity.
• To minimize damage to property and / or the environment.
• To inform employees, general public and the authorities about the
hazards/risk assessed, safeguard provided, residual risk if any and
the role to be played by them in the event of emergency.
• To be ready for the mutual aid if need rises to help the
neighboring unit. Normal jurisdiction of an On-site Emergency
Plan is the own premises only, but looking to the time factor in the
arriving the external help of off-site plan agency, the jurisdiction
must be extended outside to the extent possible incase of
emergency occurring outside.
• To inform authorities and mutual aid centers to come for help.
• To affect rescue and treatment of casualties to count injured.
• To identify and list any dead.
• To inform and help relatives.
• To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area and to restore
normalcy.
• To provide authoritative information to the news media.
• To preserve records, equipment, etc., and to organize
investigation into the cause of the emergency and preventive
measure to stop its recurrence.
• To insure safety of the works before personal re-enter and resume
work.
• To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and
to provide for emergency preparedness and the periodical
rehearsal of the plan.

The structure of the plan may vary depending on number of

employees, materials and processes, availability of resources,
location of site, size and complexity of work.
The plan should not be complicated. Instructions should not overlap
or create any confusion. Responsibilities should be clearly assigned
and should be workable smoothly. For clear understanding and quick
action, the action (Role) by each individual (his emergency duty)
should be prepared in a booklet or card size and given to him.
7.4 IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR HAZARDS
The major hazardous field where disaster management plant is

required are as under,
• Bursting of high-pressure steam pipe, vessels, etc. due to
abnormal pressure rise
• Fire hazard due to ignition of fuel
• Inhalation of any hazardous chemical
7.5 SCOPE OF PLAN
• The plan will set into action immediately after a fire or other
hazard occurs in and around the plant
• Fuel storage facility is situated away from the manufacturing plant
and fulfilling all rules and regulations
• All the electrical fittings are of explosion proof fitting
• All necessary fire-fighting arrangements have been provided near
the storage area
7.6 THE AVAILIBILITY, ORGANIZATION AND UTILIZATION OF

RESOURCES AND FACILITIES FOR EMERGENCIES
In order to maintain an emergency response capability, certain

facilities must be kept in a state of readiness and sufficient supplies
and equipment must be available. In some cases, it may be
impossible to maintain all of the equipment necessary for all possible
emergencies. In these cases, agreements have to be made with

neighboring facilities to provide additional support as and when

necessary.
Where the local police or private agencies may be called upon, such
as volunteer fire companies and ambulance associations, agreements
have to be developed ahead of time. Emergency hardware can be
classified according to its use during the response operations.
Typical examples are:
• Emergency operation centers
• Communication equipment
• Alarm system
• Personal protection equipment
• Fire fighting facilities, equipment and supplies
• Spill and vapor release control equipment and supplies
• Medical facilities, equipment and supplies
• Monitoring systems
• A media Center
• Transportation system
• Security and access control equipment
Some of these resources will also be available in the local
municipalities. It is the responsibility of the plant management to
ensure that the appropriate equipments and materials are available
to respond to their very hazard-specific emergencies at the facilities,
independently from external resources. These resources can be
extremely valuable, but should be used mainly in support of the main
response actions that the facility personnel will have to implement in
case of a serious emergency.
In any case, the availability of resources within the community must

be determined beforehand, so that these resources can be mobilized,
if the time comes to do so.

7.7 RESPONSE ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
To set up a response organization structure necessary for chain of

commands during emergency situation, which may arise in the
premises is one of the most important objectives of emergency plan,
which is briefly described hereunder,
Functions and Responsibilities
The main key person of the emergency plan is Chief Emergency
Co-coordinator (Factory Manager / Plant Head). He shall be assisted
by,
• Emergency Plant Coordinator, Chief (Production)
• Material Management Coordinator, Chief (Commercial)
• Special Job Coordinator, Chief (Administration Finance)
Chief Emergency Coordinator
He shall be responsible for
• Essential communications
• Public relation
• Transportation
• Investigation and reports
• Alert the hospital authorities
Emergency Plant Coordinator (Chief – Production)
• Rush to the site of emergency on receipt of information.
• Direct plant operation/shut-down operations as needed to
control situation.
• Guide the Shift Production Officer and members of the
Emergency Squad in fire fighting/rescue operations.
• Arrange for any additional fire fighting/safety equipment, which
may be required at the site.
• Keep in constant touch with the Chief Emergency Coordinator
and pass on all relevant and necessary information to him so
as to enable him keep in touch with concerned authorities.

• Keep in touch with the other coordinators for requirement of

any services like external help, communication, transportation,
etc.
• Arrange for replacement/refilling of used up fire fighting
equipment’s or gas masks/canisters so as to make these
available at the site at the earliest.
• Carry out investigation of the accident and assist in filling of
statutory reports as required.
• Carry out preliminary investigation into the accident with the
help of concerned personnel.
• Preserve records/evidence that may be required for
investigation.
• Material Management Coordinator (Chief-Commercial)
• Rush to the site of emergency.
• Keep the stores open for emergency issue of any items that
may be required for control of emergency.
• In case some material is not available, arrange for its
emergency purchase.
• Keep contact with other coordinators to assess any
requirements in terms of material.
• Arrange for any trucks/trolleys, which may be required for
transportation of materials.
• Keep in constant touch with the Chief Emergency Coordinator.
• Assess the situation in consultation with the Chief Emergency
Coordinator and other coordinators.
• Arrange to get maintenance mechanics along with their
toolboxes to provide help in any isolation/repair work as may
be required.
• Arrange for requisite number of contractor workmen in case
any additional help is required.
• Arrange for the Shift Electrician and get power supply to the
affected area isolated, if required.

• Make arrangements for temporary lighting/emergency lighting

at the affected area, as required.
• In case of a power failure, ensure the running of the DG sets
and uninterrupted power supply to emergency facilities.
Special Job Coordinator (Chief – Administration/Finance)
• Rush to the site of emergency
• Assess the situation in consultation with Emergency Plant
Coordinator to provide help as may be required.
• Keep in constant touch with the Chief Emergency Coordinator.
• Assess the situation in consultation with Chief Emergency
Coordinator.
• Attend to all emergencies related communications at the
Security Gate.
• Arrange for all Security Guards at their respective post and in
case of the availability of some spare Security Guards, they
may be sent to site of emergency to assist emergency Squad in
fire fighting/rescue operations.
• Monitor closely all movements at the gate keeping passage
clear for movement of emergency vehicles.
• No visitors should be allowed to come inside the premises
during the period of emergency.
• Assess the law and order situation inside/outside the premises
and take necessary action accordingly. Proper vigilance to be
maintained to avoid any attempts from inside/outside
saboteurs.
• Arrange to keep the emergency vehicles and ambulance ready
with their drivers for any movement of personnel/material.
• Arrange for canteen services for the personnel on duty and in
the affected area.
• In case of any injuries, provide necessary first aid and arrange
for shifting of the injured personnel to the ESI or other
hospitals as the case may be.

• Attend to any external calls/telephones relating to information

about emergency.
• In case of need from other emergency coordinators at site,
arrange to inform external agencies like Fire Brigade, Police
Station, Ambulance and other Medical Services.
• Arrange for filling of statutory report that may be required.
7.8 EMERGENCY RESPONSE CENTER
The place identified as Emergency Response Center will be

considered as the Security Gate Office.
The location of Emergency Response Center may change in future as
per convenience. The facilities available at the Emergency Response
Center shall include:
• Internal Telephone
• External Telephone
• Manual Fire/Emergency Siren
• Siren Actuation Switch
• Important Address and Telephone Numbers
• Emergency Vehicles
• Confined Space Entry Procedure
• List of antidote/actions to be taken in case of exposure to
hazardous Chemicals/ materials.
• Material Safety Data Sheets of chemicals
• A copy of On-Site Disaster Management Plan
All communications after General Shift working hours and on
Sundays/Holidays are to be routed through the Security Gate Office.
7.8.1 Emergency Telephone Number
Emergency Contact Numbers
Disruption Concern person Cell No. Landline No.
Factory Manager Mr. A.K. Nayak 9925246356 2680809
Vice President
Mr. Sunil Mahajan 9925246351 6595806
(Technical)
Production Manager Mr. K.K. Magar 9925246358 9879863433
Safety Officer Mr. Dipak Patil 9924726457 -
Jt. Director Mr. P.M. Shah 9879093888 2335550/

(Ind. Health & Safety) 2432543

Dy. Director 2335550/
Mr. G.D. Solanki 9998477096
(Ind. Health & Safety) 2432543
Fire Station
- - 101
(Control Room)
Fire Station
- - 2426413
(Dandiya Bazar)
Fire Station
- - 2642444
(Makarpura GIDC)
Fire Station (Panigate) - - 2513014
Fire Station (Wadi) - - 2343545
Hospital 2423112/
- -
(SSG Baroda) 222314
GEB (Muval) - - 242242
GEB (Jambua) - - 2637953
222333/
Police Station (Padra) - -
257233
Security Mr. N.Patel 9824014871 2358589
Company Doctor Dr. Kailas Agrawal 9824263700 2338718
Ambulance - - 102
Ambulance (Karkhadi) - - 273501
02764-
Head Office (Chhatral) - -
233007/10
General Rules
• Follow sense of discipline and do not panic.
• Do not rush and endanger your personal safety.
• Use personnel protective equipment according to the situation.
• Do not block any passages which may hinder the movement of
emergency
• Vehicles.
• In case you have to shut down your plant operations, do it in
an orderly
• Manner as per standard operating procedures.
• In situation when you have to leave your work and evacuate to
identify places out of operating areas, do it in an orderly
manner.
• Follow instruction of the Emergency Coordinators.
• Understand the disaster management plan well and take
interest in practice drills

Emergency Squad
There is a group of personnel (5-10 in number) who will be identified
to handle any emergency situation. These personnel including
officers shall be taken from various operating areas and will be
imparted extensive training in fire fighting, material safety data for
hazardous chemicals, rescue operations, decontamination
procedures, confined space entry procedures, first aid and other
related functions. The members will be so chosen that at any given
time, at least 2–3 members of Emergency Squad will be available
in the premises.
Communication System
Intercom telephone points shall be provided at all critical areas of
operations. An Emergency Telephone shall be available at the
Emergency Response Center. In addition, telephone connections shall
be provided at the residence of all critical personnel to ensure
immediate contact.
7.9 POST EMERGENCY – RECOVERY
When an emergency is over, it is desirable to carry out a detailed

analysis of the causes of accidents to evaluate the influence of
various factors involved and to propose methods to eliminate or
minimize them in future. Simultaneously, the adequacy of the
disaster preparedness plan will be evaluated and any shortcomings
will be rectified.
Accident Investigation
a. As soon as possible after the emergency is over and
plant operation has become normal, the investigation
will be carried out to determine the cause of the event.
b. Representatives from various disciplines will be
members of the investigating team.
c. The area of the event will be sealed off so that
tampering or alteration of the physical evidence will not

occur.
d. Key components will be photographed and logged with
time, place, direction, etc.
e. Statements will be taken from those who were involved
with the operation or who witnessed the event.
Damage Assessment
This phase of recovery establishes the quantum of replacement
machinery considered necessary for bringing back the plant to
normal operation, property and personnel losses, and culminates in a
list of necessary repair, replacement and reconstruction work.
Insurance companies will be informed of the damage and requested
to pay the compensation as per claim.
Cleanup and Restoration
This phase will only begin after the investigation is complete.
Reporting documentation will be prepared and forwarded to
appropriate authorities.
Repairs, restoration and cleanup will begin.
Insurance claims will be prepared and submitted.

Figure 7.1
On Site Disaster Management Plan
Chief Emergency Coordinator

Factory manager /
Plant head
Emergency Special Job Material

Plant Coordinator Coordinator management
(Chief Production) (Chief Coordinator
Administration (Chief Commercial)
Finance)

CHAPTER-8
Disclosure of consultant
The profile of the consultant is given below:
About San Envirotech Private Limited
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. is a leading multi-disciplinary testing laboratory in
Gujarat. SEPL provides testing services in the areas of environmental
assessment and analytical testing.
SAN ENVIROTECH PVT. LTD. started work in 1990 to serve the environment
as a trustee of a next generation with a small infrastructure.
During last two decade, San has been taking care of client’s unique problems
and concerns in order to develop cost effective strategies to meet their
regulatory obligations. We focus on strategic planning and comprehensive
solutions to address both the short and long term needs of the clients.
Consequently we have developed long – term relationship with our clients to
provide them with the services necessary to meet their changing needs.
To protect and preserve the natural resources on earth for future generation,
it offers extensive consultancy services in the field of environment. With its
rich experience, multidisciplinary expertise and with the support of its state-
of the-art analytical equipment, the services offered by the division are vide
ranging and encompasses entire scope of environment management and
monitoring services. With its emphasis on quality services over the years, it
has evolved itself into a single reference point in India for comprehensive
environmental services.
The quality Policy
SAN Envirotech Pvt. Ltd is functioning as leading environmental

consultant to fulfill the aim as to serve environment as a trustee of next
generation with small infrastructure.

We conduct analytical works pertaining to various Environmental

Parameters. We perform Effluent treatability studies also. To conduct the
analysis work, we follow National & International Quality Standard and
update our process regularly.
“Quality Assurance Team” always welcomes any suggestion and
feedback, to improve the Quality, Performance and Standards of the
services. These suggestion and feedback are considered for reviewing of the
services and complied immediately.
Major Milestones and Accreditation
1997-Auditors for schedule-II Industries approved by the committee of Hon.
High Court of Gujarat.
2007-Recognized laboratory under Environment Protection (EP) Act by
Government of India (GOI).
2011-Accredited by QCI/NABET, Govt. of India for EIA report preparation.

The list of persons involved in the preparation of present EIA/EMP report is
presented below:
Sr. Name Qualification Position Contribution Experience
No.
1. Dr. Mahendra Ph.D. Director Coordinator & 22 years
Sadaria In-house
expert for AQ,
AP & HW
2. Mr. Satish Borad B. E. Civil Empanel Land Use (LU) 22 years
expert expert
5. Mr. Mehul Panchal B. E. Chemical In-house Expert (WP) 5 years
expert
6. Mr. Sameer V. M.Sc. (Botany) Empanel Expert (EB) 6 years
Deshpande
expert
7. Mr. Sankalp Ph.D. Empanel Expert (NV) 8 years
Anand
expert
8. Mr. Tarkeshwar M.A., Masters Empanel Expert (SE) 26 years
Ekande diploma in expert
development
planning
9. Mr. Nirzar Lakhia M.Sc., PGD Empanel Expert (HG) 11 years
expert
11. Mr. P.K. B.Tech (Chemical) Empanel Expert (RH) 40 years
Shrivastava
expert

National Accreditation Board
for Education and Training
The Director March 08, 2011

San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.
424- Medicine Market,
Opp. Shefali Center,
Paldi Cross Road, Ahmedabad - 380006
(Kind Attention: Dr. Mahendra R. Sadaria)
Dear Sir,
OCI- NABEr $cherne for Accreditation of EIA Consultant Organization
This is with reference to your application for QCI- NABEl Accreditation as EIA Consultant Organization.
We are pleased to inform you that based on Document & Office Assessment, the Accreditation
Committee has recommended the accreditation of San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. as per the scope given in
Annexure I (A & B).
Please confirm the correctness of spellings of the names of the experts mentioned in Annexure I B. The
detailed terms and conditions are mentioned in Annexure II. You are also advised to check the QCI
website for the Minutes of the Accreditation Committee Meeting held on February 17, 2011, for
observations related to your application or any decisions with respect to Schemel assessment process
and take necessary action for compliance,
The accreditation of your organization will be for three year period starting January 25, 2011. The
annual renewal of the accreditation will be confirmed after surveillance assessment every year.
Surveillance assessments will be conducted to ensure compliance with NABET Scheme and the details
mentioned in your Quality Manual.
May we request you for an early payment of the annual fees and your confirmation of acceptance of the
terms and conditions attached. This will enable us to issue you the requisite accreditation letter &
certificate which will be valid for one year duration,
We thank you for your esteemed support in making this scheme successful and for your participation in
this national cause.
Thanks and best regards,
Yours sincerely,
~~
Director
NABEr
Page 1 of6
Institution of Engineers Building. 2nd Floor. Bahadur Shah lafar Marg, New Delhi - 110 002, India
Tel: +91-11-2337 9321, 2337 8057 Fax: +91-11-2337 9621 email: nabet@qcin.org Website: www,qcin,org
9CI - NABET Scheme for Accreditation of EIA Consultant Organizations Annexure I-A
Name of the Consultant: San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.
424· Medicine Market,
Opp. Shefali Center,
Paldi Cross Road, Ahmedabad· 380006
Sectors Approved - S Nos.
SI. Sector Name of Sector Category

No. No. AlB
1 4 Thermal Power Plants B
2 9 Cement Plants B
Pesticide industry and pesticide specific intermediates (excluding
3 17 A
formulations)
Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk
drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers;
4 21 A
basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical
intermediates) !I
Building and large construction projects including shopping malls,
5 38 mUltiplexes, commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, B
institutions
Total" 5 Sectors· '!

·Sectors allocated ta lndividuat ElA Coordinators are mentioned iIJ AnneMure I~B
~~)
-V;~ahni
Director
NABET
Page 20f6

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REIA report of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. 9

REIA report of Asahi Songwon Colors Ltd. 10

Since India is a developing country and chemicals industries have

E-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The proposed expansion activities will be carried out in the existing

REIA report of Asahi Sonwon Colors Ltd. E-1

E-3 Size of the Project

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Total additional cost of projects will be 41.00 crores, out of which,

E-4 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

To predict the impact of the proposed activities on the surrounding

E-5 Air Environment

The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 6 AAQM

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Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)

The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM10

The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly SO2 at

The arithmetic mean and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly NOx at

E-6 Water Environment

Ground water quality

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in samples ranges from

Calcium: Calcium contents in the water ranges from 38 mg/l

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Magnesium: Magnesium content in the water ranges from 24 mg/l

Sulfate: Sulfate content in the water ranges from 41 mg/l

Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from

Heavy metals like copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and

Other Parameters: Potassium (ranges from 31 mg/l to 44 mg/l),

Conclusions: Ground water samples from villages meets the

E-7 Noise Environment

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E-8 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Air Quality Modelling and Predictions

It is predicted that the maximum contribution in GLCs, with units

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minor modifications in existing ETP plant to reduce the water

E-9 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING

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Nature of Analysis Frequency of Analysis Number of

The overall objective of EMP is given hereunder,

E-11 Qualitative Risk Analysis

Base on the study

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• The air pollution potential of the project will be mitigated by recovery

Considering the above points, it can be concluded from overall

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1.2 PURPOSE & NEED OF E.I.A

Environmental Impact Assessment (E.I.A) is a formal document

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details/documents provided by the project. The EIA report summarizes

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