1 Tutorial.

Tutorial 5.

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 2 Q1.
1. A lab space to be maintained at 24oC and 50 % RH experiences a sensible and latent cooling load of 42 kW each.
Because the latent load is heavy, the air conditioning system is equipped for reheating the air leaving the cooling coil. The
cooling coil has been selected to provide outlet air at 9oC db and 90% RH. What is (a) the temperature of supply air and
(b) the air flow rate? [17.8oC, 6.72 kg/s].

.
3 q s  42 kW
1 .
2 Space ql  42 kW
Cooling coil Reheater 24oC SHF  0.5
50% RH

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 3 Q1 (contd).
.
3 q s  42 kW SHF h3
0.5
50%
1 . W1
2 Space q l  42 kW h2
Cooling coil Reheater 24oC h1
3
50% RH
SHF  0.5 90%

1 2 24o
9o

Pt. 1: t1 = 9oC, 90%RH  h1  26 kJ/kg, W1  0.0068 kg/kg

Pt 3: t 3 = 24oC, 50%RH  h3  47.5 kJ/kg
Line 23 // SHF = 0.5  pt 2, t2 = 17.8oC, h2  35 kJ/kg

35  26
or: h2  h1  c p (t2  t1 )  t2   9  17.8 oC
1.02
. . . . 47.5  35
Heat load: q s  ql  m a (h3  h2 )  m a   6.72 kg/s
42  42
MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG
 4 Q2.
2. Using tdb to choose between outdoor air or return air may not be the most energy efficient selection. For example, when
outdoor air temperature exceeds that for return air, the latter appears to be a better choice due to its lower temperature.
However, the warmer and less humid outdoor air is likely to require less energy to cool than the return air. For this reason,
using enthalpy instead of Tdb might be a better option with some limitations which this problem is designed to illustrate.
Suppose that the temperature setting of outlet air from the cooling coil is 10oC and that the outlet air is essentially saturated
when dehumidification occurs in the coil. If the condition of return air is 24oC and 40 % RH and the outdoor conditions are
26oC and 30 % RH, would return air or outside air be the preferred choice? Explain why.

2 3
1 A/C
Zone
4

Tdb
MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG
 5 Q2 (contd).

2 3 h4
1 A/C h1
Zone h3 40%
4
4
30%
3
1
h1  40.5 kJ/kg
10o 24o 26o
h4  42.0 kJ/kg
h3  29.2 kJ/kg
.
qt
100% return air used: .
 h4  h3  42.0  29.2 kJ/kg = 12.8 kJ/kg
ma
.
qt
100% outside air used: .
 h1  h3  40.5  29.2 kJ/kg = 11.3 kJ/kg
ma
100% outside air better.
MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG
 6 Q3.
3. A terminal reheat system has a supply air flow rate of 18 kg/s and currently operating with 3 kg/s of outside air at 28oC db
and 30 % RH. The combined sensible load in the space is 140 kW and the latent load is negligible. The temperature of the
supply air is constant at 13oC. The space thermostats are then changed from 24 to 25oC. What is the (a) rate of heat removal
in the cooling coil before and after the change and (b) the rate of heat supplied at the reheat coils before and after the
change? Assume that the space sensible load remains constant at 140kW. [+ 15 kW in cooling rate, + 18 kW in heating rate].

. .
m1  3kg/s q s  140 kW
t3 =13oC .
. . . . ql  0
t1 =28oC m2  m3  m4  m5  18 kg/s
30% RH 2 3 4
1 A/C Reheat
h1
6 . Zone
.
q coil q reheat 5
SHF
h2 1
room SHF h5,6
o
t5 =24  25 C .
coil SHF 2 m a1
h3 .
ma6
Tdp (5,6)
3 4
13o 24  25

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 7 Q3 (contd).

. . .
q coil  m6 (h6  h3 )  m1 (h1  h3 )
. . .
 q coil  m6 [(h6 25o C  h3 )  (h6 24o C  h3 )]  m6 [h6 25o C  h6 24o C ]
.
= m6 c pa [(25  24)  (18  3) x 1.02 x (25  24)  15 kW
. .
q reheat  m3 c pa (t4  t3 )
. . 140
From q space  m3 c pa (t5  t4 )  t 4  t5   16.22o C [for t 5 = 24oC]
18 x 1.02
= 17.22oC [for t 5 = 25oC]
. .
 q reheat  m3 c pa (17.22  16.22)  18 x 1.02 x 1.0  18 kW

When zone temp is changed from 25 to 24oC, conditions of air entering the cooling coil would change. This
would change the coil capacity.

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 8 Q4. (McQuiston 3-31).
4. The sensible heat loss from a space is 500,000 Btu/hr (146 kW) and the latent heat loss is 50,000 Btu/hr (14.6 kW). The
space is to be maintained at 72oF (22oC) and 30% RH. Construct the condition line on the psychrometric chart. If air is
supplied at 115oF (46oC) what is the volumetric flow rate? [11,654 cfm or 5.5 m3/s].

. .
q s  500,000 Btu/hr, ql  50,000 Btu/hr

115oF Space
1 72oF 2
. 30% RH
V ?

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 9 Q4 (contd).

500,000
SHF   0.91
500,000  50,000
0.91 SHF h1
Pt 2: Space condition at 72oF/30%  h 2 = 22.8
Line // SHF = 0.91 & supply air at 115o F  Pt 1: h1 = 34.3, 1 = 14.62
1
Total heat loss: h2
. . . 500,000  50,000
q  m a (h1  h2 )  ma   47,826 lb/hr
(34.3  22.8) 2
Volumetric air flow:
. . 47,826 x 14.62
V a  m a 1   11,654 cfm 72o/50% 115o
60

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 10 Q5. (McQuiston 3-32).
5. Air enters a refrigeration coil at 90oF db and 75oF wb at a rate of 1400 cfm. The apparatus dew point temperature of the
coil is 55oF. If 5 tons of refrigeration is produced what is the dry bulb temperature of the air leaving the coil? 1 ton
refrigeration = 12,000 Btu/hr. [67oF].

5 TR

90oF db/ 75oF wb ? db

1 Coil 2
1400 cfm
55oF dp

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 11 Q5 (contd).

Space condition at 90oF db/75oF wb  h1 = 38.5, 1 = 14.2 h1=38.5

Air mass flow rate: h2
.
. 1
V a x 60 1,400 x 60
ma    5,915.5 lb/hr
1 14.2 2
tdp
Heat removed:
. . 5 x 12,000
q  m a (h2  h1)  h2   38.5 = 28.36 Btu/lb
5,915.5
55o t2=?o
Connect point 1 and t dp . 90o/75o

Intersection of h 2 and line 1- t dp gives point 2  t 2 = 67oF.

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 12 Q6.
6. A building has a total heating load of 200,000 Btu/hr. The sensible heat factor for the space is 0.8 and the space is to be
maintained at 72oF db and 30% RH. Outdoor air at 40oF db and 20% RH in the amount of 1000 cfm is required. Air is
supplied to the space at 120oF db. Water vapor with enthalpy of 1150 Btu/lb is used to humidify the air. Find (a) the
conditions and amount of air supplied to the space, (b) the temperature rise of the air through the furnace, and (c) the amount
of water vapor required, and (d) the capacity of the furnace.

h w = 1150
mw ? .
qt  200,000 Btu/hr
40o F/20% 120oF
1 x s
1000 cfm 72o F/30%, SHF = 0.8
Heater Humidifier
0 r
. . Space
q furnace q hum

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 13 Q6 (contd).

(a)
0.8
SHF = 0.8 & t s = 120o F  point s = 120oF db/74o F wb
hs
 h s = 37.2,  s =14.78
Point r at 72o F/30%  h r = 22.8 hr s
.
. qt 200,000 . r
ms    13,889 lb/hr = m1
hs  h r (37.2  22.8)
. . 13,889 x 14.78
V s  ms  s   3,421 cfm
60
74oF/30% 120oF

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG

 14 Q6 (contd).

(b) 0.8
Fresh air condition 0 at 40 F db/20 F wb   o =12.61
o o hs
. 1150 hx
. Vo
1,000 x 60
mo    4,758 lb/hr s
o 12.61 h1
r
.
mr 13,889  4,758
  0.66 x
. 13,889 1
m1 0

From air mixing ratio, obtain t1 = 61oF db/47o F wb 74oF/30%

40oF/20oF 120oF

Water injection at t x with h w = 1150 and line // h w = 1150

gives point x  t x = 119 oF, h x = 32.8

. .
(c) m w  m s (Ws  Wx )  13,889 (0.0075  0.0036)  54.2 lb/hr

. .
(d) q furnace  m1(hx  h1)  13,889 (32.8  18.6)  197,224 Btu/hr

MEC4417 TUTORIAL 5. K. S. ONG