Welcome to the Bollard Pull Calculator for Barges!

What does this Excel Sheet do?

This Excel sheet helps you calculate the Required Bollard pull of a Tug used for towing a Barge

How is the Excel Sheet Organised?

The Excel Sheet provides four different methods for calculations.

The First Method is based on DNV rules for Marine Operations. This is contained in the sheet named "Bo

The Second Method is using industry standard OPL Guidelines for Barge Transportation Vol 5. This is con

The Third Method is based on Bureau Veritas rules and formulas for Bollard Pull Calculations. This is con

The Fourth method is using a simple Empirical formula. This is contained in the sheet named "Empirical F

How to use this Excel Sheet

In all the three methods, the user is asked for some inputs to be provided. For example, the Wetted Surfa
The user has to provide all the inputs highlighted in blue.
For some inputs, Tables and charts are required to be referred. These Tables and charts are provided alo
Once all inputs are provided, the components of required bollard pull are calculated and added up to giv
towing a Barge

d in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - DNV"

ortation Vol 5. This is contained in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - OPL Guideline"

ll Calculations. This is contained in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - BV"

sheet named "Empirical Formula". It provides Bollard Pull for different weather conditions: Calm, Rough and Extreme

xample, the Wetted Surface area of Barge, Wind Speed etc. The Input cells are highlighted in blue.

d charts are provided alongwith for the user to enter these inputs.
lated and added up to give the final Bollard Pull required.
 INPUTS REQUIRED BOLLAR
This method is based on DNV Rules for
GENERAL
sp
Parameter Notation Value Units
Air Density ρa 1.225 kg/m3
ρw Summary: This method calculates the Required B
Sea Water Density 1025 kg/m3
is Hs = 5m, Current = 1 kn and Wind =40 Kn. Dire
Acc. Due to Gravity g 9.81 m/s2 Check" on the left. All input cells are in blue. Tug e
Tables on the right.
BARGE
Parameter Notation Value Units
Length L 130.00 m
REQUIRED BOLLA
Breadth B 32.00 m
Depth D 8.50 m
Draft (Mid) T 5.00 m
Freeboard f 3.50 m
Hull Windage Area AWH = B X f 112.00 m2
Hull Underwater Area ACH = B X T 160.00 m2
Current Drag Coefficient (Hull) CD 1.00

CARGO

Parameter Notation Value Units

Breadth Overall Bc 32.00 m
Height Overall Hc 20.00 m
Height Coefficient Ch 1.10 See Table 1
Shape Coefficient Cs 1.00 See Table 2 Depth, D
Cargo Windage Area AWC = BC X HC 640.00 m2

SEA STATE
Parameter Notation Value Units
Wave Height HS 5.0 m
Current Speed VC 0.5 m/s
Wind Speed VW 20.6 m/s

TUG
Parameter Notation Value Units
Actual Bollard Pull of Tug BPT 80.0 MT
Tug Efficiency η 0.75
 REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL CALCULATION FOR BARGES TOW PULL C
is method is based on DNV Rules for Marine Operations Pt2 CH2, 3.3.2.5 (Applicable for zero towing
APPLICAB
speed if L/B > 3 and B/T > 6)
Ratio
L/B
mary: This method calculates the Required Bollard Pull to hold the tow in a given Sea State. The Standard Sea State used
B/T
= 5m, Current = 1 kn and Wind =40 Kn. Directions: The applicability of the method is shown in the box titled "Applicability
k" on the left. All input cells are in blue. Tug efficiency can be varied. Coefficients Cs and Ch can be obtained from the
s on the right.

FWH = Wind Resistance for Hull

REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL 77.28 MT FWH = 1/2 x

FWC = Wind Resistance for Cargo

Cargo Breadth = BC FW = Total Wind Resistance

FW = F

CargoHeight Hc

Cargo Windage Area AWC= BC X HC Fc

(0.52L-13)/L
Freeboard,
Hull Windage Area AWH= B X f
Depth, D f = D -T *Reference: DNV Rules for Marine Oper
(Only for L/B > 3 and B/T > 6 and Vt =0)

Hull Underwater Area, ACH = B X T (approx.)

Draft ,T
Wind Resistance, F
Current Resistance, F
Wave Drift Resistance, F
Breadth, B
Total Resistance, F

TUG EF
Sectional View of Barge with Cargo Tug Efficiency, η**
**Reference: DNV Rules for Marine Ope

BP
Since Required Bollard Pu
 TOW PULL CALCULATION
Cs : Shape Coefficient
APPLICABILITY CHECK Spherical
Minimum Applicable Actual Check Cylindrical
3.0 4.1 OK Large flat surface (hull, deckhouse, smooth under deck areas)
6.0 6.4 OK Drilling derrick
Wires
Exposed beams and girders under deck
Wind Resistance, FW = FWH + FWC Small parts
= Wind Resistance for Hull Isolated shapes (cranes, beam, etc)
FWH = 1/2 x ρa x VW2 x AWH Clustered deck houses or similar structures
FWH 2.97 MT Table 1: Shape Coefficient
= Wind Resistance for Cargo Reference: ABS, 2008, Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drillin
FWC = 1/2 x ρa x VW2 x AWC x Ch x Cs Section 2, ‘Environmental Loadings’, pp.9.
FWC 18.65 MT
Total Wind Resistance
FW = FWH + FWC 21.62 MT Ch: Height Coefficient
Height above sea level (metres)
Current Resistance FC Over Not exceeding Ch
FC = 1/2 x ρs x CD x VC2 x ACH 0 15.3 1
Fc 2.09 MT 15.3 30.5 1.1
30.5 46 1.2
Wave Drift Resistance (FD)* 46 61 1.3
FD = HS2 x B x {(0.52L-13)/L} 61 76 1.37
(0.52L-13)/L 0.42 76 91.5 1.43
FD 34.25 MT 91.5 106.5 1.48
erence: DNV Rules for Marine Operations Pt2 Ch2, Towing, 3.3.2.5 106.5 122 1.52
y for L/B > 3 and B/T > 6 and Vt =0) 122 137 1.56
137 152.5 1.6
TOTAL RESISTANCE, FT = FW + FC + FD 152.5 167.5 1.63
Wind Resistance, FW 21.62 MT 167.5 183 1.67
Current Resistance, FC 2.09 MT 183 198 1.7
Wave Drift Resistance, FD 34.25 MT 198 213.5 1.72
Total Resistance, FT 57.96 MT 213.5 228.5 1.75
228.5 244 1.77
TUG EFFICIENCY 244 259 1.79
Tug Efficiency, η** 0.75 259+ 1.8
ference: DNV Rules for Marine Operations Pt2 Ch2, Towing, 3.3.2.6 Table 2: Height Coefficient
Use Centre of Area for Above Heights
REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL (BP = FT / η ) Reference: ABS, 2008, Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drillin
BP 77.28 MT Section 2, ‘Environmental Loadings’, pp.9.
Since Required Bollard Pull < Actual Bollard Pull => OK
 0.4
0.5
nder deck areas) 1
1.25
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.1
efficient
d Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, Part 3 Chapter 1,

d Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, Part 3 Chapter 1,

 CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: OPL Guidelines

BARGE NAME BARGE 1 Directions:

1. Fill the input cells which are in blue.
TOWING SPEED -----> knots 4.0 2. The outputs will show in the bottom as the final Bollard Pull required.
Actual Bollard Pull of Tug -----> tonnes 40.0
Towing Efficiency in % (Default value 75%) 75.0
Calculation of Frictional Resistance: 3. Use Table 1 for calculating the Height coefficient for Wind
RF = f1 (S)(v/6)2 , lbs. 4. Use Table 2 for finding the Shape Coefficient for wind
Description Unit Value 5. Use Table 3 to calculate the Wave Effect Resistance which depends on the wave height.
Fouling coefficient(0.4 clean hull, 0.85 fouled hull, usually In case the value of Wave Height falls in between two values given in the table, interpolation is to be used
f1 - 0.63
0.625)
Wetted Surface of the Hull S ft2 32609
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 4.0
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 4.11 Factor Ch (Height coefficient for wind calculations)

Calculation of Wave Forming Resistance: Height Unit Factor

RWF = 3.42 (f2)(AT)(v)2 , lbs. 0-50 feet 1
Description Unit Value 50-100 feet 1.1
Hull Shape Coefficient (0.20 for rake ended barges and bluff
bowed vessels and 0.50 for square bowed vessels) f2 - 0.2
100-150 feet 1.2
Transverse Area(Underwater) AT ft2 1171 150-200 feet 1.3
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 4.0 200-250 feet 1.4
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 5.81 250-300 feet 1.5
300-350 feet 1.6
Calculation for Wind Resistance:
RW = 0.0034 (AT)(vW+v)2 , lbs. Table 1: Cargo Height Coefficient for Wind Calculations
Description Unit Value
Height Coefficient for Cargo Exposed to Wind (See Table 1) Ch - 1
Shape Coefficient for Cargo Exposed to Wind (See Table 2) Cs - 1 Factor Cs (Shape coefficient for wind calculations)
Cargo Transverse Area (Exposed to wind) AC ft2 962.8 Shape Cs
Topside Transverse Area (Exposed to wind) AH ft2 453.0 Cylinder 0.5
Total Transverse Area AT ft 2
1415.8 Flat Perpendicular Surface 1
Wind Velocity vW knots 40.0 Isolated Structure – Beam-channel angle braces 1.5
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 4.0 Exposed Beams 1.3
Force at 20 knots wind velocity RW tonnes 4.23 Derrick (latticed structures) 1.25
Sphere 0.4
Calculation of Current Effect:
RC = 0.016 (S)(vC)2 , lbs. Table 2: Carge Shape Coefficient for Wind Calculations
Description Unit Value
Wetted Surface of the Hull S ft2 32609
Current Speed vC knots 1.0 Wave Height Effect – For wave Force on Hull:
Current Effect Resistance RC tonnes 0.24 Significant Wave Height Added Resistance
5 feet 2000 lbs
Calculation of Wave Effect: 10 feet 12000 lbs
At 7 feet = 6000 lbs resistance 15 feet 22000 lbs
Description Unit Value 20 feet 29000 lbs
Wave Height ft 16 25 feet 30000 lbs
Force at 16 feet wave FWR lbs 23,400 30 feet 33000 lbs
Wave Effect Resistance RWH tonnes 10.62
Table 3: Wave Effect Resistance Table
Calculation of Hawser Resistance:
RH = 0.10 (RF + RWF)
Description Unit Value
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 4.1
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 5.8
Hawser Resistance RH tonnes 0.99

OUTPUTS
Calculation of Total Resistance:
RT = RF + RWF + RW + RC + RWH + RH
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 4.11
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 5.81
Wind Resistance RWH tonnes 4.23
Current Effect Resistance RC tonnes 0.24
Wave Effect Resistance RWH tonnes 10.62
Hawser Resistance RH tonnes 0.99
Total Resistance RT tonnes 26.0
Tug Efficiency in percentage(Default value 75%) η 75.0
Required Bollard Pull = (RT/η)*100 BP TONNES 34.67
 CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: BV Rules and Formulas
BARGE NAME: BARGE 1

INPUTS
Symbol Value Unit Description
L= 86.00 m Waterline Length
B= 27.50 m Breadth
T= 4.50 m Draft
V= 4 Kn Vessel Speed (Towing Speed)
Vc = 1 Kn Assumed Current Speed
D= 9246.19 t Displacement
S= 131.53 m^2 Windage Area
d= 65 mm Tow Line Diameter
l= 700 m Tow Line Immersed Length
Z= 1 m Sag of Tow Line
P= 900 m Tug to Towed Vessel Distance
N= 150 days Number of Days Elapsed Since last Dry Docking
Vfr = 11 Kn Maximum Towing Vessel Speed in Free Run
rsw = 1.025 t/m^3 Sea Water Specific Gravity (default value 1.025)
rair = 1.22 kg/m^3 Air Specific Gravity (default value 1.22)
n= 1.2E-06 m^2/s Viscosity (default value 1.2 10^-6)
Vw = 40 Kn Wind Speed (default value 40)
BPt = 40 Tonnes Actual Bollard Pull of Tug

RESULTS
Symbol Value Unit Description

Frictional Resistance Rf Rf = ½ Cf (rsw)(Sw)(v)2

R = 184341000 Reynolds Number, R = vL / ν
Cf = 0.001910 Friction Coefficient, Cf = 0.075 / [log 10 R)-2]2
DCf = 0.002293 Addition to Friction Coefficient due to Hull Fouling, DCf = 0.008 (N)(Cf)
Cft = 0.004603 Total Friction Coefficient, Cft = Cf + DCf +0.0004
Sw = 2820.23 m^2 Wetted Surface Area
Rf = 44018 N Frictional Resistance
Wave Resistance Rv
L/B = 3.13
B/T = 6.11
V/(L)^0.5 = 0.28
Rv / D = 12.00 (To be taken from the Graph 1 on the right)
Rv = 110954 N Wave Resistance
Total Hydrodynamic Resistance Rh
Rh = 154972 N Total Hydrodynamic Resistance
Aerodynamic Resistance Ra Ra = ½ Cx * Ch * (rair)(S)(Vw)2
Cx = 1 Drag Coefficient(To be taken from the Appendix1 on the right)
Ch = 1 Height Coefficient(To be taken from the Appendix1 on the right)
Ra = 33974 N Aerodynamic Resistance
Tow Line Resistance Rr Rr = 4.6 x10-3 (d)(v)2( l + (71.6 Z/P)) , in Newton
Rr = 1385 N Tow Line Resistance
Total Resistance of Towed Vessel
Rtot = 190330 N
Bollard Pull Coefficients
(V+Vc)/Vfr = 0.45
Cef = 0.55 Percentage of Static Bollard Pull = (1 - (V+Vc)/Vfr)
Total Required Static Bollard Pull for Tug, Rt

Rt = 35.6 T
 CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: Empirical Formula

INPUTS: Please input the following

Description Unit Value
BARGE NAME BARGE 1
Length, L m 86.00
Breadth, B m 27.43
Displacement, ∆ tonnes 9246.19
Depth, D m 5.50
Draft, d m 4.24
Cargo Height, H m 4.09
Tug Efficiency in percentage(default 75%) 75.00
Is it Tow by Stern? Yes/No No
Actual TUG Bollard Pull tonnes 40.00

Note: For tow by the stern, then the Bollard Pull requirement is to be increased by 20%

OUTPUTS: CALCULATED BOLLARD PULL WITH VARIOUS WEATHER CONDITIONS & TOWING SPEEDS

Description Good Rough

Length, L 86.00 86.00
Towing Speed, V 5.00 4.00
Breadth, B 27.43 27.43
Displacement, ∆ 9246.19 9246.19
Depth, D 5.50 5.50
Draft, d 4.24 4.24
Cargo Height, H 4.09 4.09
Exposed Height, D1 5.35 5.35
Weather Factor, K 1.00 2.00
Required Bollard Pull as per formula, Rt 16.68 25.67
Tug Efficiency in percentage(Default 75%), η 75.00 75.00
Bollard Pull considering Tug Efficiency = 22.24 34.23
(RT/η)*100
Tow by Stern? No No
Final Bollard Pull, BP (in tonnes) 22.24 34.23
Actual TUG Bollard Pull 40.00 40.00
SATISFIED SATISFIED
Empirical Formula
FORMULA USED
Using Empirical Formula for towing guide by Port Authorities

BP = { [ (∆⅔ · (v3/ (120 · 60)) ] + (0.06B · D1) } · K (tonnes)

Where:
∆ = full displacement of towed vessel, in tonnes
v = tow speed, in knots
B = breadth of the vessel, in meters
D1 = depth of exposed transverse section of the vessel including
deck cargo above the water line, in meters

BP = Required bollard pull, in tonnes

K = the factor depending on the likely condition to be met. This facto
intended to reflect desired weather margins.

NS & TOWING SPEEDS In General: • for exposed tows, K = 1.0 - 3.0

• for sheltered tows, K = 0.75 - 2.0
Extreme • for protected tows, K = 0.50 - 1.5
86.00
1.00 <---- Please input the different speeds considered for the three weather conditions
27.43
9246.19
5.50
4.24
4.09
5.35
3.00
26.59
75.00

35.45

No
35.45
40.00
SATISFIED
 ion of the vessel including

condition to be met. This factor is

K = 0.75 - 2.0
K = 0.50 - 1.5
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