UP Academic League of Chemical Engineering Students (UP ALCHEMES)

Academic Affairs Committee - Reviews and Tutorials Series, A.Y. 2015-2016

Chem 17 LE 1 (SAMPLE EXAM)

I. Modified True or False.

1. If a gas undergoes pressure-volume work in a container fitted with a piston, P in w=-P∆V refers to the
pressure of the gas inside the container.
2. The standard entropy of formation of hydrogen gas is zero.
3. The entropy of glass at absolute zero is zero.
4. The combustion of 1 mole of ethane (C2H6) leads to a greater increase in entropy than the combustion of
1 mole of ethanol (C2H5OH).
5. The reaction involving HClO2 and NaOH is more endothermic than that of HOCl and NaOH.
6. If ∆G°>0, then the reaction is spontaneous.
7. In an Ellingham Diagram, the y-intercept and slope of a line are the ∆H and ∆S of the reaction,
respectively.
8. The rate of a reaction always depends on the concentration of the reactants.
9. In the graph of energy versus progress of reaction, the number of maxima equal to the number of
intermediates involved in the reaction.
10. The half-life of a reaction always depends on the initial concentration.

II. Multiple Choice

Directions: Write the capital letter of the choice corresponding to the best answer

1. What is the final temperature when 4.0 g of iron at 150 °C is immersed in 306 mL of octane (C8H18) at 25 °C.
(cFe = 0.450 J/g·K; cC8H18 = 2.15 J/g·K; ρC8H18 = 0.703 g/mL)
A. 25.6 °C C. 25.2 °C
B. 25.4 °C D. 24.4 °C

2. The calorimetry experiment was carried out with 3.00 mL 1.00 M NaOH and 2.00 mL 1.00 M HCl and Ccal
was determined to be 21.81 J/K. Calculate the new Ccal if 4.00 mL 1.00 M BaCl2 and 2.00 mL 1.00 M
Na2CO3 are to be used. Assume all aqueous solutions have the same heat capacity and density as water.
The specific heat of BaCO3 is 0.4325 J/g·K.
A. 21.98 J/K C. 26.34 J/K
B. 26.16 J/K D. 26.51 J/K

3. A cylindrical container with radius 15.0 cm is fitted with a movable piston which is pushed down 5.00
cm by a constant pressure of 1.50 atm. The system simultaneously releases 1.47 cal of heat. What is ∆U
for the system?
A. -543 J C. 531 J
B. -531 J D. 543 J

4. In which among the following reactions is ∆U closest to ∆H?

A. C2 H4 (g) + H2 (g) → C2 H6 (g)
B. C(graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)
C. 2N2 O(g) → N2 O4 (g)
D. S2 O3 2− (aq) + 2H + (aq) → S(s) + H2 O(l) + SO2 (g)

5. Calculate ∆U for the reaction N2 H4 (l) + O2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2H2 O(g) in an isobaric container held at 298
K. The reaction is ∆Hrxn=-534 kJ/mol
A. -536 kJ/mol C. -1.94×103 kJ/mol
B. -532 kJ/mol D. -3.01×103 kJ/mol
6. Estimate the bond energy of a C-H bond if the enthalpy of combustion of ethane (C2H6) is -1560.7 kJ/mol.
bond energies: BE(C-C) = 348 kJ/mol; BE(O=O) = 495 kJ/mol; BE(C=O) = 799 kJ/mol; BE(O-H) = 463
kJ/mol.
A. 389 kJ/mol C. 909 kJ/mol
B. 519 kJ/mol D. 1818 kJ/mol

7. Calculate the entropy of reaction for the following reaction: 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
Substance S°/(J/K·mol)
NH3(g) 192.3
O2(g) 205.0
NO(g) 210.7
H2O(g) 188.7
A. 180.8 J/K C. 2230.8 J/K
B. 412.1 J/K D. 2083.6 J/K

8. What is the boiling point of carbon tetrachloride gas given the following values: ΔHliquid = -135.4 kJ/mol,
ΔHgas = -102.9 kJ/mol, Sliquid = 216.4 J/(mol K), Sgas = 309.9 J/(mol K)?
A. 273.50 °C C. 74.44 °C
B. 347.59 °C D. 0.347 °C

9. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A. ∆H°vap for Br2 is the same as ∆H°f[Br2(g)]
B. ∆S°vap for Br2 is the same as S°[Br2(g)]
C. ∆G°vap for Br2 is the same as ∆G°f[Br2(g)]
D. None of the above.

10. Ammonium nitrate is a solid substance that explodes exothermically and produces a lot of gas. Which
line in an Ellingham diagram best represents the explosive decomposition of ammonium nitrate?

11. In the reaction H2 S + SO2 → S + H2 O, hydrogen sulfide is consumed at a rate of 0.572 mol/s. At
what rate is sulfur produced?
A. 0.572 mol/s
B. 0.858 mol/s
C. 1.14 mol/s
D. Cannot be determined; rate law is needed

12. The reaction time between tert-butyl chloride (tBuCl) and NaI was recorded with varying
concentrations. Determine the rate law and the rate constant of the reaction.
Trial [tBuCl]0/M [I-]0/M rate/(M/s)
1 3.42 2.45 0.214
2 3.42 4.90 0.214
3 6.84 4.90 0.428
 A. rate=k[tBuCl]; k=0.0626 s-1
B. rate=k[tBuCl]; k=0.0626 M-1·s-1
C. rate=k[tBuCl][I-]; k= 0.0128 M-1·s-1
D. rate=k[tBuCl][I-]; k= 0.0255 M-1·s-1

13. The dimerization reaction of acetic acid in a nonpolar solvent is a second order reaction. If the initial
concentration of acetic acid is 0.837 M and the half life of the reaction is 12.8 s, find the concentration
of acetic acid after 82.9 s.
A. 1.87 M C. 0.112 M
B. 0.256 M D. 9.40×10-3 M

14. Determine the order and the rate constant of the following reaction:
t/s [A]/M
0.217 0.796
0.342 0.709
0.696 0.540
0.723 0.531

A. zero order; k=0.512 M·s-1

B. first order; k=0.793 s-1
C. second order; k=0.986 M-1·s-1
D. second order; k=1.24 M-1·s-1

15. What temperature increase from 25.0°C is required to double the reaction rate of a reaction with an
activation energy of 58.6 kJ/mol?
A. 8.49 °C C. 10.5 °C
B. 9.01 °C D. 25.1 °C

16. The activation energy of a reaction is 53.7 kJ/mol and that of the reverse reaction is 34.9 kJ/mol. What
is ∆Grxn?
A. 18.8 kJ/mol C. 88.6 kJ/mol
B. -18.8 kJ/mol D. -88.6 kJ/mol

17. Which statement regarding the proposed reaction mechanism below is true?
A2 + B → AB + A
AB + C → AC + B
A2 + C → AC + A

A. B is an intermediate, C is a catalyst
B. AB is an intermediate, B is a catalyst
C. AC is a catalyst, A2 is an intermediate
D. AB is a catalyst, B is an intermediate

18. Determine the rate constant and the order of the following reaction.
[A]0/M t1/2/s
0.747 0.774
0.342 1.69
0.219 2.64
0.107 5.41
A. zero; k=6.01 M·s-1
B. zero; k=0.0831 M·s-1
C. second; k=0.579 M-1·s-1
D. second; k=1.72 M-1·s-1
 19. Curve O represents the energy diagram of a reaction. Which will most likely be the resulting curve if a
catalyst is added to the reaction?

20. The diagram below shows a plot of energy vs extent of reaction for two competing reactions A + B →
AB and A + C → AC. Suppose that a beaker containing A also contains excess and equimolar amounts of
B and C. Which of the following will increase the amount of AB formed?

A. Increase the temperature of the beaker

B. Leave the beaker in a relatively cool temperature
C. Use a catalyst that lowers the activation energy of AC → A + C
D. Use an inhibitor that increases the activation energy of AB → A + B

III. Problem Solving.

Directions: Do what is asked. Observe proper rules on significant figures for questions involving calculations.

1. Liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture primarily composed of propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10). It is
used in households for cooking and heating purposes. The enthalpies of combustion of propane and
butane are -2202.0 kJ/mol and -2877.5 kJ/mol respectively.
a. Calculate ∆U (in kJ/mol) for the combustion of one mole of propane and for one mole of butane
at 25 °C.
b. An 18.52 g sample of liquefied petroleum gas is burned in a bomb calorimeter and the reaction
released 921.5 kJ of heat. Assuming that the sample is composed of propane and butane only,
calculate the mole fraction of propane in the mixture.

2. A Styrofoam ball calorimeter was used to determine the enthalpy of the following redox reaction in basic
medium:

Ba(s) + CrO4 2− (aq) → Ba2+ (aq) + Cr(s)

For the calibration of the calorimeter, 24.0 mL of 0.500 M NaOH was mixed with 16.0 mL of 0.800 M
HNO3. The temperature of the calorimeter rose from 25.0 °C to 27.5 °C. After calibration, a lump of
barium metal weighing 0.4000 g with 98% purity was dropped into a solution containing 39.0 mL of
 0.025 M of Na2CrO4 and 1.0 mL of 0.500 M NaOH to make the solution basic. The reaction was allowed to
finish by swirling the mixture and letting the precipitation to complete. The temperature of the
calorimeter rose from 25.0 °C to 30.07 °C.
a. Determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter, in J/°C.
b. Determine the enthalpy of the redox reaction, in kJ/mol. (MBa = 137.3 g/mol; MCr = 52.00 g/mol;
cBa = 28.1 J/mol·K; cCr = 23.4 J/mol·K)
c. Determine the standard enthalpy of formation of chromate. (∆Hf°[Ba2+(aq)] = -537.6 kJ/mol;
∆Hf°[H2O(l)] = -285.8 kJ/mol; ∆Hf°[OH-(aq)] = -230.0 kJ/mol)

3. The table below shows the ∆Grxn of the oxidation of a certain metal with one mole of oxygen gas at
various temperatures.
T/K ∆Grxn/(kJ/mol)
1137 -817
1446 -789
1844 -714

a. Find ∆H and ∆S of the reaction using linear regression.

b. Identify the metal using the given Ellingham Diagram.

c. At what temperature can the oxide of this metal be reduced by carbon?

d. What metals can reduce the oxide of this metal at 1400 K?

4. The reaction mechanism for the reaction of acetic acid (HOAc) and ethyl chloride(EtCl) in basic media is
shown as follows:

HOAc + OH − ↔ OAc − + H2 O (fast)

OAc − + EtCl → EtOAc + Cl− (slow)
HOAc + OH − + EtCl → EtOAc + Cl− + H2 O (total)

a. Using the steady state approximation, derive the rate law for the overall reaction. Let k1 be the
rate constant for the forward direction of the fast reaction, k-1 for the reverse direction of the fast
reaction and k2 for the slow reaction.
 b. A small amount of acetic acid and a large excess of all other substances appearing in the rate law
is used for an experiment. If the initial concentration of acetic acid is 0.00538 M and the
concentration becomes 0.00137 M in 28.3 s, find the apparent rate constant for this reaction.

5. An experiment is performed to determine the orders of reaction of methyl iodide (CH3I) and hydroxide
ion (OH-) in the following reaction:

CH3 I + OH − → CH3 OH + I −

In the first experiment, the concentration of CH3I was monitored in a 10.0 M NaOH solution at three
different temperatures.
T=0.00 °C T=25.0 °C T=???
t/s [CH3I]/M t/s [CH3I]/M t/s [CH3I]/M
5 0.282 5 0.0173 5 0.0895
10 0.159 10 5.97×10-4 10 0.0160
15 0.0894 15 2.06×10 -5 15 2.86×10-3

In the second experiment, a solution that is 5.00 M CH3I and 0.100 M OH- is prepared and the osmotic
pressure of the solution was observed. The reaction vessel contains a solid surface that adsorbs CH3OH,
thus removing it from solution.
t/s ∏/atm
0 124.7776
20 123.4774
40 122.8682
60 122.5827

a. What is the order of reaction with respect to CH3I?

b. At what temperature was the third set of data taken?
c. What is the order of reaction with respect to OH-?
d. In the second experiment, what is the pH of the solution at t = 50 s?

References:
Petrucci, R., Herring, F. G., Madura, J., Bissonnette, C. (2011). General chemistry: principles and modern applications (10th
ed.). Canada, Toronto: Pearson Prentice Hall

McMurry, J. (2008). Organic chemistry (7th ed.). United States of America: Brooks/Cole