Abstract
The objective of the practice was to measure the applied force on a cantilever beam. For this, two strain
gauges installed in steel and aluminum beams were used, using a distribution of half wheatstone bridge to
have a higher signal precision and a temperature compensation, which measured the deformation
produced by the counterweights placed at the end of the beam in such a way that by means of a
CompactDAQ data acquisition device, transmit the measurement of the force by means of a digital signal
to the LabVIEW software. The counterweights were placed gradually, noting the measurements shown in
the software between a range of 200 and 400 grams in different combinations and subsequently, the
charges were removed by applying the same order. The readings of the data acquisition device were
recorded in mV / V units. The readings of the data acquisition device were recorded in mV/V units and
the graph of Bridge output vs applied force was made, which correlation was 0.993.
Instrumentación
Galgas extensiométricas
Viga de acero y aluminio
Pesos calibrados y contrapesos
Computadora con LabVIEW
Destornillador plano pequeño
Tabla 3. Instrumentación utilizada
Anexos
Anexo A: Esquema del Equipo
Anexo B: Tablas
Valor de curva de
Valor de fuerza
calibración Y-Y* 𝐝𝟐 ∑ 𝐝𝟐
Y
generado
Y*
0 -0,05 0,046 0,00210
0,16 0,12 0,033 0,00112
1,96 2,03 -0,064 0,00416
2,45 2,49 -0,037 0,00136
2,94 2,95 -0,004 0,00002
3,43 3,44 -0,008 0,00006
0,01765
3,92 3,90 0,022 0,00050
4,12 4,05 0,066 0,00436
3,92 3,93 -0,007 0,00004
3,43 3,41 0,024 0,00056
2,94 2,94 0,007 0,00004
2,45 2,48 -0,026 0,00069
1,96 2,01 -0,051 0,00264
Tabla 5. Tabla de resultados
Cálculos representativos
Fuerza aplicada
F = m ∗ g (𝐞𝐜. 𝟏)
Donde:
m: Masa aplicada
g: Gravedad
g = 9.81 [m⁄ 2 ]
s
m = 0.2[ kg]
F = 0.2 ∗ 9.81
𝐅 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟔 [𝐍]
Ecuación de la recta
Y ∗ = 44.122x − 23.933
Donde Y* es el valor de la curva de calibración generada a partir de una regresión lineal del medio puente.
Y ∗ = 44.122(0.588 ) − 23.933
Y ∗ = 2.03
Para hallar los valores de di restamos Y* con Y, el cual es el valor de la masa patrón correspondiente a
algún valor leído del medio puente.
di = Y − Y ∗
di = 1.96 − 2.03
𝐝𝐢 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟒
d1 2 + d2 2 + ⋯ + dn 2
Sm1 = √ (𝐞𝐜. 𝟐)
n1 − m1 − 1
Donde:
d1 , d2 , etc: Son las diferencias entre la curva ajustada y los n valores medios observados a partir de los datos
de calibración
n1 = 12
m1 = 1
∑ d2 = 0.01765
0.01765
Sm1 = √
12 − 1 − 1
𝐒𝐦𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟑𝟓
Donde:
Datos:
Sm1 = 0.03835
n1 = 12
0.03835
σm = 1
(12)2
𝛔𝐦 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟏
Anexo D: Gráficas
4,5
4 y = 44,122x - 23,933
R² = 0,9992
3,5
3
Fuerza aplicada (N)
2,5
1,5
0,5
0
0,520 0,540 0,560 0,580 0,600 0,620 0,640
Salida de puente (mV/V)