INTRODUCTION TO

SOCIAL SCIENCES
SOCIAL SCIENCES:
THE SOCIAL SCIENCES ARE THE FIELDS OF SCHOLARSHIP THAT STUDY
SOCIETY. "SOCIAL SCIENCE" IS COMMONLY USED AS AN UMBRELLA TERM TO
REFER TO A PLURALITY OF FIELDS OUTSIDE OF THE NATURAL SCIENCES.

OR
THE FIELD OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE THAT DEALS WITH ALL ASPECTS
OF THE GROUP LIFE OF HUMAN BEINGS. SO IT IS SUBJECT TO
CHANGE WITH THE CHANGES THE HUMAN BEHAVIOR.
HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE:

1. THE HISTORY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES BEGINS IN THE ROOTS OF ANCIENT

PHILOSOPHY.

2. IN ANCIENT HISTORY, THERE WAS NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MATHEMATICS AND

THE STUDY OF HISTORY, POETRY OR POLITICS.

3. THE TERM "SOCIAL SCIENCE" MAY REFER EITHER TO THE SPECIFIC SCIENCES OF

SOCIETY ESTABLISHED BY THINKERS SUCH AS COMTE, DURKHEIM, MARX, AND

WEBER, OR MORE GENERALLY TO ALL DISCIPLINES OUTSIDE OF NOBLE SCIENCE AND

ARTS.
VARIOUS SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES:

• ANTHROPOLOGY
• BUSINESS STUDIES
• ECONOMICS
• EDUCATION
• LIBRARY SCIENCE
• HISTORY
• INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
• LAW
• PHILOSOPHY
• POLITICAL SCIENCE
The Importance of the Social Sciences:

KNOWLEDGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE CAN HELP US IMPROVE OUR SOCIETIES . IN

GENERAL, SOCIAL SCIENCES FOCUS ON THE STUDY OF SOCIETY AND THE RELATIONSHIP
AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITHIN SOCIETY. SOCIAL SCIENCE COVERS A WIDE SPECTRUM OF
SUBJECTS, INCLUDING ECONOMICS, POLITICAL SCIENCE, SOCIOLOGY, HISTORY,
ARCHAEOLOGY, ANTHROPOLOGY, AND LAW.
 SCOPE IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCE:

• IT IS THE INTEGRATION OF VARIOUS SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES FOR

THE PURPOSE OF CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION.
• SOCIAL STUDIES INVOLVES THE STUDY OF HISTORY, ECONOMICS, LAW AND
OTHER SUBJECTS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES.

• ANOTHER SCHOOL SEE IT AS A METHOD OR AN APPROACH.

• IT IS STUDY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES FOR PEDAGOGICAL PURPOSES .
• IT EQUIPS STUDENTS WITH THE ABILITY TO TEACH SOCIAL SCIENCE

SUBJECTS IN SECONDARY LEVEL OF EDUCATION.

• INSPITE OF THESE VIEWS GIVEN BY DIFFERENT SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT, THEY ALL AGREE
THAT SOCIAL STUDIES IS A CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION. IT IS THEREFORE DEFINED AS THE
INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES FOR THE
PURPOSE OF PROMOTING CIVIC COMPETENCE. STUDENTS ARE ABLE TO ACQUIRE
KNOWLEDGE THAT IS ESSENTIAL IN DECISION MAKING AND FINDING SOLUTIONS TO
NATIONAL PROBLEMS.
 CONTRIBUTION MADE BY PAKISTANI SOCIAL SCIENTIST:

1. ANIS AHMED
2. AHMED HASAN DANI

3. SOBHO GIANCHANDANI
4. OMAR ASGHAR KHAN
5. MASOOD UL MULK

6. AYAZ LATIF PALIJO

7. ZUBAIR TORWALI
 ANIS AHMAD

PROFESSOR DOCTOR ANIS IS A PAKISTANI SOCIAL SCIENTIST, AN EDUCATIONIST, AND PROFESSOR

OF ISLAM. HE IS RECIPIENT OF AWARD, BY HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION OF PAKISTAN, AWARDED
FELLOWSHIP BY THE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE MALAYSIA, ALSO EARNED MERITORIOUS PROFESSORSHIP AT
THE INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN. AS FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT
OF INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD, HE VISUALISED AND FOUNDED THE DA’WAH
ACADEMY OF THE I.I.U.I. HE WAS THE FIRST DEAN OF THE FACULTY OF USUL AL-DIN AND FACULTY OF
SOCIAL SCIENCES OF THE IIU AT ISLAMABAD. HE WAS FIRST DEAN OF THE FACULTY OF ISLAMIC
REVEALED KNOWLEDGE AND HUMAN SCIENCES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY,
MALAYSIA
 MASOOD UL MULK

MASOOD UL MULK IS A LEADING PAKISTANI EXPERT ON HUMANITARIAN AID AND

A RENOWNED DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONER. HE IS THE CEO OF SRSP, THE
LARGEST NGO WORKING TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY IN NORTH-WEST PAKISTAN.

OCCUPATION:
CEO OF THE SARHAD RURAL SUPPORT PROGRAM.
 Ahmad Hasan Dani

PROFESSOR AHMAD HASAN DANI WAS A PAKISTANI INTELLECTUAL, ARCHAEOLOGIST, HISTORIAN, AND LINGUIST. HE

WAS AMONG THE FOREMOST AUTHORITIES ON CENTRAL ASIAN AND SOUTH ASIAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY. HE

INTRODUCED ARCHAEOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN AND BANGLADESH. THROUGHOUT

HIS CAREER, DANI HELD VARIOUS ACADEMIC POSITIONS AND INTERNATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS, APART FROM

CONDUCTING ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS AND RESEARCH. HE IS PARTICULARLY KNOWN FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL

WORK ON PRE-INDUS CIVILIZATION AND GANDHARA SITES IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN. HE WAS ALSO THE RECIPIENT OF

VARIOUS CIVIL AWARDS IN PAKISTAN AND ABROAD. AS A PROLIFIC LINGUIST, HE WAS ABLE TO SPEAK 35 LOCAL AND

INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS.

 PRIMARY DOCUMENTS AND THEIR ROLE:

A primary Documents provides direct or firsthand evidence about an event,

object, person, or work of art. Primary Documents include historical and legal
documents, eyewitness accounts, results of experiments, statistical data, pieces of
creative writing, audio and video recordings, speeches, and art objects.
EXAMPLES:
Original research articles published in
scholarly, peer-reviewed journals

Interviews

Correspondence, including Letters

Diaries

Court Cases

Government Documents

Laws and Legislation

Speeches
Photographs
 PRIMARY DOCUMENTS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES:

1. IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES ARE WRITTEN DOCUMENTS, SOUND RECORDINGS, ARTIFACTS,

OR ANY MATERIAL THAT WAS CREATED DURING THE TIME PERIOD BEING STUDIED.
2. HAVE NOT BEEN ANALYZED, CRITIQUED OR INTERPRETED BY ANYONE ELSE

3. ARE ORIGINAL, FIRST-HAND, RAW MATERIAL, WHICH COME DIRECTLY FROM THE
AUTHOR OR MAKER.
THE END