REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR LSB235

WEEK 10 -- 2017

Osteology of the phalanges, sesamoid and accessory bones

Joints of the metatarsal bones and phalanges

Question 1

a) Briefly describe the term, biphalangy of the toes. ____________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

b) Which toe/s is always biphalangeal? _______________________________________________

c) Which toe has a biphalangeal frequency of 40% in Caucasians? ________________________

d) Which toes rarely displays biphalangy? ____________________________________________

Question 2

Name and state the location of the small elevations on the proximal phalanx of the hallux.

__________________________________________________________________________________

Question 3

What are three osteological differences between the proximal and distal phalanges of the hallux?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 4

With reference to the phalanges of the lesser toes, 2 to 5, their approximate lengths are as follows:

proximal phalanges _________mm; intermediate phalanges __________mm and the distal phalanges

__________mm.
Question 5

Briefly describe the development of the metatarsal bones and the phalanges. _____________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Question 6

What are the major differences between sesamoid bones and accessory bones of the foot? __________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Question 7

Tabulate the features of the sesamoid bones that articulate with the head of the first metatarsal bone:

Feature Medial sesamoid bone Lateral sesamoid bone

shape
size
location of articular
surface
located in the tendon of
location of non-articular
surfaces

Question 8

Classify the following bones and state their specific locations:

a) os trigonum __________________________________________________________________

b) os peronei ____________________________________________________________________

c) os tibiale externum ____________________________________________________________

Question 9

Name and classify the joints that formed with and between the metatarsal bones and the phalanges of

the foot. ______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
Question 10

Name the joints of the forefoot that are:

a) supported by collateral ligaments _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

b) NOT supported by dorsal ligaments _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

c) supported by interosseous ligaments ______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________