ESAT FOR ECE BOARD EXAM MCQ

Gigabit Ethernet 100 Base Lx

1) What do we call a network whose elements may be separated by some distance? It usually involves
two or more small networks and dedicated high-speed telephone lines.
a. URL (Universal Resource Locator)
b. LAN (Local Area Network)s
c. WAN (Wide Area Network)*
d. World Wide Web

2) __________ uses four twisted pairs.

A) 1000Base-LX
B) 1000Base-T*
C) 1000Base-SX
D) none of the above

3) 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX, and 1000Base-CX use _________ block coding and ________ line
coding.
A) 8B/10B; NRZ* B) 4B/5B; NRZ C) 8B/10B; MLT-3 D) 4B/5B; MLT-3
4) _________ uses two fiber-optic cables.
A) 100Base-FX* B) 100Base-T4 C) 100Base-TX D) none of the above
5) What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the Ethernet address 01011010 00010001 01010101
00011000 10101010 00001111?
A) 5A:81:BA:81:AA:0F B) 5A:11:55:18:AA:0F*
C) 5A:88:AA:18:55:F0 D) 5A:18:5A:18:55:0F

6) In Ethernet addressing, if all the bits are 1s, the address is _________.
A) multicast B) broadcast* C) unicast D) none of the above

7) If an Ethernet destination address is 07:01:02:03:04:05, then this is a ______ address.

A) broadcast B) unicast C) multicast* D) any of the above

8) Each station on an Ethernet network has a unique _______ address imprinted on its network
interface card (NIC).
A) 48-bit* B) 32-bit C) 5-byte D) none of the above

9) Gigabit Ethernet has a data rate of ________Mbps.

A) 10,000 B) 1000* C) 100 D) 10
10) ______defines a protocol data unit (PDU) that is somewhat similar to that of HDLC.
A) LLC* B) LLU C) MAC D) none of the above

Link:
https://pinoybix.org/2017/07/wired-lans-ethernet-mcqs.html
https://www.indiabix.com/general-knowledge/technology/discussion-1123

Ethernet Technology and its concepts

1) The first Network
a) CNNET b) NSFNET c) ASAPNET d) ARPANET*
2) The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels
a) Path b) Medium* c) Protocol d) Route

3) Which organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the communications
field?
a. ITU-T b) IEEE c) FCC * d) ISOC
4) Ethernet frame consists of
a) MAC address* b) IP address
c) both (a) and (b) d) none of the mentioned

5) Fast Ethernet was designed to compete with

a. LAN protocols* c. WAN protocol
b. MAN protocol d. None
6) Fast Ethernet also called
a. Standard 802.3u* b. Standard 802.3z
b. Standard 802.3s c. Standard 802.3y

7) The maximum size of payload field in ethernet frame is

a. 1000 bytes b. 1200 bytes c. 1300 bytes d. 1500 bytes*

8) An ethernet frame that is less than the IEEE 802.3 minimum length of 64 octets is called
a) short frame
b) run frame*
c) mini frame
d) man frame

9) MAC address is of
a. 24 bits b.36 bits c. 42 bits d. 48 bits*

10) Ethernet in metropolitan area network (MAN) can be used as

a) pure Ethernet b) ethernet over SDH
c) ethernet over MPLS d) all of the mentioned*
Link: https://www.sanfoundry.com/computer-networks-questions-answers-ethernet/
http://www.mcqslearn.com/cs/computer-networks/mcq/wired-lans-ethernet-mcqs-test.php?page=12

Small Computer System Interface

1. What is SCSI?
a) Small Computer Simple Interface b) System Computer Select Interface
c) Small Computer System Interface* d) Small Computer System Interconnect

2. Nexus is a relation between

a) Initiator and Target b) Initiator, Target and Logical Unit
c) Initiator, Target, Logical Unit and Task d) Any of the mentioned*

3. Task can constitute

a) One command only b) One or more commands
c) A single command or group of linked commands* d) Linked Commands Only
 4. Task manager
a) Manages the devices b) Manages tasks*
c) Both a & b d) None of the mentioned

5. Untagged task is represented by

a) I_T nexus b) I_T_L nexus*
c) I_T_L_Q nexus d) None of the mentioned

6. Which is not the main phase of I/O?

a) Data b) Command
c) Status d) Control*

7. Which of the following is false?

a) CDB has a operation code b) CDB has a control byte
c) Both a & b d) None of the mentioned*

8. What is incorrect about Command Descriptor block?

a) It has SCSI command b) Has fixed length of 6, 10, 12 or 16 bytes
c) Target fetches CDB from initiator d) The CDB is sent during Data Phase*

9. What is a Logical Unit?

a) subset of Target device* b) subset of Initiator
c) Subset of Device Server d) Component of Interface

10. Which of them is not a valid SCSI command?

a) Bus Reset b) Inquiry
c) Mode Sense d) Read_10
Link:
https://www.sanfoundry.com/scsi-questions-answers/

Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN)

1) IS-136, IS-95 and iDEN belong to

a. 1 G b. 2 G*
b. c. 2.5 G d. 3 G
2) The name for an alternative form of cellular communication which operates in specialized mobile
radio band just adjacent to the cellular frequency band. It is a blend of wireless interconnects and
dispatch services which makes it very unique compared to existing cellular and PCS systems
a. iDEN* b. CDMA c. JTACS d. PDC
3) What is the meaning of iDEN?
a. Integrated Digital Enhanced Network* b. Internet Digital Enhanced Noise
c. Integration Data Enhanced Network c. Integrated Data Ethernet Network

Link: https://pinoybix.org/2015/05/mcqs-in-electronic-communication-system-by-kennedy.html
 TRANSMISSION LINES (Coaxial Cables)

4) A flat conductor sandwich between two

ground planes.
a. Microstrip b. Stripline* c. Waveguide d. Coaxial Cable
5) A coaxial cable with two layers of foil insulation and two layers of braided shielding.
A. Quad shielding* B. Double shielding C. Triple shielding D. Shielding

6) If the length of an open-circuited stub is less than quarter-wavelength but greater than 0, the stub
behaves as
A. Inductor B. Capacitor* C. Resistor D. Complex
7) Type of coaxial cable where the outer conductor is braided, flexible, and coaxial to the center
conductor.
A. Gas-filled coaxial cable B. Rigid air coaxial cable
C. Solid flexible coaxial cable* D. Flexible cable
8) The most commonly used transmission line is a
A. Two-wire balance line B. Singe wire C. Three-wire line D. Coax*
9) For a given length of RG 8A/U coaxial cable with distributed capacitance of 96.6 pF/m, a
distributed inductance of 241.56 nH/m, and a relative dielectric constant of 2.3, determines the
velocity factor
A. 1.2 B. 0.66 * C. 0.7 D. 0.5
10) A type of coaxial cable that has a tubular outer conductor surrounds the center conductor coaxially
and the insulating material is air.
A. Rigid air coaxial cable* B. Gas-filled coaxial cable
C. Solid coaxial cable D. Flexible cable
Link:
https://pinoybix.org/2015/01/mcqs-in-transmission-fundamentals-part8.html
https://pinoybix.org/2015/01/answers-in-transmission-fundamentals-part8.html
https://pinoybix.org/2015/04/transmission-lines-and-antennas-coaching-part1.html
Mark Raniel H. Felices BSECE-5 ECECC4-W2 Engr. Tan

1st Book
Topic: Digital Transmission
Title of the Book: Electronics Communications Systems
Author: Tomasi, Wayne
Edition/Volume: Fifth Edition
Page #: 405-449

2nd Book
Topic: Digital Transmission
Title of the Book: Data Communications and Networking
Author: Behrouz A. Forouzan
Edition/Volume: Fourth Edition
Page #: 101-137

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION
Objectives
1) Which of the following encoding methods does not provide for synchronization?
A) RZ B) NRZ-L* C) NRZ-I D) Manchester
2) In asynchronous transmission, the gap time between bytes is _______.
A) variable* B) fixed C) zero D) a function of the data rate
3) ______ substitutes eight consecutive zeros with 000VB0VB.
A) B4B8 B) B8ZS* C) HDB3 D) none of the above
4) The most common technique to change an analog signal to digital data is called __________.
A) sampling B) PAL C) PCM* D) none of the above
5) The minimum bandwidth of Manchester and differential Manchester is ____ that of NRZ.
A) the same as B) twice* C) thrice D) none of the above
6) In OOOVBOVB, V stands for violation and B stands for
a. Bit b. Baud c. Bandwidth d. Bipolm*
7) Average signal rate of 2BlQ is
a. N b. N/2 c. N/4* d. N/6
8) Last step in Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is
a. Quantization b. Sampling c. Encoding* d. Modulation
9) The ________ rate defines the number of data elements sent in 1s; the ______ rate is the number of
signal elements sent in 1s.
A) signal; data B) data; signal* C) baud; bit D) none of the above

10) The idea of RZ and the idea of NRZ-L are combined into the ________ scheme.
A) Manchester* B) differential Manchester
C) both (a) and (b) D) neither (a) nor (b)
11) ________ provides synchronization without increasing the number of bits.
A) Line coding B) Block coding C) Scrambling*
D) None of the above
12) The Nyquist theorem specifies the minimum sampling rate to be_______.
A) equal to the lowest frequency of a signal
B) equal to the highest frequency of a signal
C) twice the bandwidth of a signal
D) twice the highest frequency of a signal*

13) PCM is an example of _______ conversion

A) analog-to-analog B) analog-to-digital* C) digital-to-digital D) digital-to-analog
14) There are three sampling methods: __________.
A) ideal, natural, and flat-top* B) ideal, sampled, and flat-top
C) quantized, sampled, and ideal D) none of the above
15) In _______encoding, we use three levels: positive, zero, and negative.
A) unipolar B) polar
C) bipolar* D) none of the above
16) Block coding can help in _______ at the receiver.
A) Synchronization B) Error detection C) Attenuation D) (a) and (b)*
17) In Manchester and differential Manchester encoding, the transition at the middle of the bit is used
for __________.
A) bit transfer B) synchronization* C) baud transfer D) none of the above
18) Last step in Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is
A) Quantization B)Sampling C) Encoding* D)Modulation
19) HDB3 substitutes four consecutive zeros with OOOV or BOOV depending on number of nonzero
pulses after
A) middle substitution B) first substitution
C) last substitution* D) both b and c
20) In _______ encoding, the duration of the bit is divided into two halves. The voltage remains at
one level during the first half and moves to the other level in the second half. The transition at the
middle of the bit provides synchronization.
A) Manchester B) differential Manchester
C) both (a) and (b)* D) neither (a) nor (b)
21) The ________ mode provides synchronization for the entire stream of bits must. In other words, it
guarantees that the data arrive at a fixed rate.
A) isochronous* B) synchronous C) asynchronous D) none of the above
22) The transmission line ________ are placed at prescribed distances to regenerate the digital
pulses.
A) Repeaters* B) Equalizers C) Mixers D) Encoders
23) Minimum bandwidth of digital signal is nb times greater than bandwidth of the
A) analog signal* B) digital data C) analog data D) None of above

24) In which scheme all signal levels are on one side of time axis?
A) Unipolar B) Bipolar C) Polar D) Multi level
25) Data encoding is not possible if
A) 2m B) 2m> Ln* C) 2m=Ln D)2m#Ln
26) ________ is normally referred to as mB/nB coding; it replaces each m-bit group with an n-bit
group.
A) Line coding B) Block coding* C) Scrambling D) None of the above
27) In ______ schemes, the voltages are on the both sides of the time axis. For example, the voltage
level for 0 can be positive and the voltage level for 1 can be negative.
A) unipolar B) bipolar C) polar* D) all of the above
28) _______ encoding has a transition at the beginning of each 0 bit.
A) Differential Manchester* B) Manchester
C) RZ D) All the above
29) In ______, the change or lack of change in the level of the voltage determines the value of the bit.
A) NRZ-L B) NRZ-I* C) both (a) and (b) D) neither (a) nor (b)
30) In Return to Zero (RZ), signal changes not between bits but
A) before bit B) after bit C)doesn’t D) during bit*
31) ________ is the ratio of the largest possible magnitude to the smallest possible magnitude (other
than 0V) that can be decoded by the digital-to-analog converter in the receiver.
A) Signal Ratio B) Dynamic Ratio* C) Overload Ratio D) Quantization
32) _________ theorem establishes the minimum sampling rate (fs) that can be used for a given PCM
system.
A) Natural Sampling B) Flat Top Sampling C) Nyquist Sampling* D) Ideal Sampling
33) Unit of signal rate is
A) Bits per second B) Baud* C) micro seconds D) Hertz
34) Term that is used as an alternative to None Return to Zero (NRZ) is
A) Polar B) Unipolar C) multi transition D) bipolar
35) Line coding converts a sequence of
A) Frames to digital signal B) bits to a digital signal*
C) Bytes to digital signal D) Packets of data to digital signals
35) Actual bandwidth of a digital signal is infinite, effective band width would be
A) Finite B) Infinite C) Always Zero D) None
36) Consist essentially of sampling analog information signals and then converting those samples into
discrete pulses and transporting the pulses from a source to a destination over a physical ransmission
medium.
A) Pulse Modulation* B) Quantization C) Signal Regeneration D) Multiplexing
37) ______ finds the value of the signal amplitude for each sample; ____ finds the change from
the previous sample.
A) DM; CM B) DM; PCM C) PCM; DM* D) none of the above
38) The ______ scheme uses three levels (+V, 0, and -V) and three transition rules to move between
the levels.
A) 4B5B B) MLT-3* C) 2B1Q D) none of the above

39) While there is (are) only _____ way(s) to send parallel data, there is (are) _____ subclass(es) of
serial transmission.
A) one; two B) one; three* C) two; three D) none of the above

40) Line coding converts a sequence of

A) Frames to digital signal B) bits to a digital signal*
C) Bytes to digital signal D) Packets of data to digital signals
41) The _______ has an effect on the symbol timing (clock) recovery circuit and, if excessive,
may significantly degrade the performance of cascaded regenerative sections.
A) Noise B) Jitter* C) Multiplexing D) Crosshairs
42) The decision levels for the regenerator are represented by
A) Mixer B) Multiplexing C) Quantization D) Crosshairs*
43) __________ is credited with inventing PCM in 1937 while working for AT&T at its Paris
laboratories.
A) Harry Nyquist B) Ralph Hartley C) Alex H. Reeves* D) Stephen Hawkings
44) In _______ transmission, bits are transmitted over a single wire, one at a time.
A) asynchronous serial B) synchronous serial
C) parallel D) (a) and (b)*
45) The first step in PCM is ________.
A) quantization B) sampling* C) modulation D) none of the above
46) _______ encoding has a transition at the middle of each bit.
A) Manchester B) Differential Manchester C) RZ D) All the above*
47) The analog signal is sampled and then converted to a serial n-bit binary code for transmission.
A) Pulse Code Modulation ( PCM )* B) Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)
C) Pulse Width Modulation ( PWM ) D) None of the Above
48) A _________ digital signal includes timing information in the data being transmitted.
A) self-synchronizing* B) self-transmitted
C) self-modulated D) none of the above
49) Two common scrambling techniques are ________.
A) B8ZS and HDB3* B) AMI and NRZ
C) NRZ and RZ D) Manchester and differential Manchester
50) The _____ scheme uses data patterns of size 2 and encodes the 2-bit patterns as one signal
element belonging to a four-level signal.
A) MLT-3 B) 4B5B C) 2B1Q* D) none of the above

Problem Solving
1) Determine the Nyquist sample rate for a maximum analog input frequency of 4KHz
A) 10khz B) 9kHz C) 8kHz* D) 5kHz

Solution: Fs = 2(4kHz) = 8 kHz

2) Determine the Nyquist sample rate for a maximum analog input frequency of 10KHz
A) 5khz B) 20kHz* C) 15kHz D) 30kHz
Solution:
Fs = 2(10kHz) = 20 kHz

3) Determine the dynamic range for a 10-bit sign-magnitude PCM code.

A) 255 B) 355 C) 511* D) 127
Solution: 9 bits + 1 sign bit
DR = 2 n – 1 = 2 9 – 1 = 511
4) Determine the minimum number of bits required in a PCM code for a dynamic range of 80 dB.
A) 12 bits B) 14 bits* C) 8 bits D) 10 bits

Solution: DR(db) = 20 log (DR) – 80 = inv log (80/20) = 10000 n = log(DR + 1) / log(2) =
log(10000+1)/log(2) = 13.29 bits ≈ 14 bits

5) The question is related to #4. What is the coding efficiency?

A) 87.6% B) 88.2% C)88.6%* D)86.5%

Solution: Coding eff. = (13.29/15) x 100 = 88.6 %

6) For a resolution of 0.04 V, determine the voltages for the following linear seven-bit sign magnitude
PCM codes. Given: 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
A) 0.22V B) 0.33V C) 0.44V* D) 0.55V

Solution: 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 = 11 x 0.04V = 0.44V

7) For a resolution of 0.04 V, determine the voltages for the following linear seven-bit sign magnitude
PCM codes. Given: 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
A) 1.81V B) -1.81V* C) 2.81V D) -2.81V
Solution:
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 = -45 x 0.04V = -1.8V 1

8) For a 64-PSK modulator with an input data rate(f b ) equal to 36 Mbps and a carrier frequency of
100 MHz, determine the minimum double-sided Nyquist bandwidth(f N ) and the baud
A) 5 Mbps B) 6 Mbps* C) 7 Mbps D) 8 Mbps

Solution: fn = fb/n = 36 Mbps/6 = 6 Mbps

baud = fb/n = 36 Mbps/6 = 6 Mbps

9) A radio channel has a bandwidth of 10 KHz and a SNR of 15 dB. What is the maximum data rate
that can be transmitted using any system?
A) 50.26 kbps* B) 60.45 kbps C) 32.54 kbps D) 52.62 kbps

Solution: I = B log 2 (1+SNR) = 10000 log 2 (1 + 31.6) = 50.25 kbps

10) Determine the bandwidth and the baud for an fsk signal with a mark frequency of 32 khz, a space
frequency of 24 khz, an a bit rate of 4 kbps.
A) 4 KBaud* B) 5 Kbaud C) 6 Kbaud D) 8 Kbaud
Solution:
b = 2(ΔF + f b) = 2[{(|32 khz – 24 khz|) / 2} + 4 kbps]
b = 16 khz Baud = f b / 1 Baud = 4 kilobaud