BAB III
SOAL DAN PEMBAHASAN
PENGGUNAAN INTEGRAL
2. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva y= x3, x = 2, y=0
3. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva x = y2 , x = 0, y = 2
4. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva x = √𝑦 , y = 4 , x = 0
mengelilingi sumbu y
III - 2
x -1 0 1 2
y = x2 + 1 2 1 2 5
x = -1 x =0 x=1 x=2
y = x2 + 1 y = x2 + 1 y = x2 + 1 y = x2 + 1
=2 =1 =2 =5
6
5 2, 5
4
3
-1, 2
2 1, 2
1 0, 1
0
-2 0 2 4
III - 3
𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫−1(𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥
1 2
= [3 𝑥 3 + 𝑥]
−1
1 1
= [3 (2)3 + 2]- [3 (−1)3 + (−1)]
14 4
= − (− 3)
3
18
= 3
=6
∴ A(R) = 6
x -1 0 1 2
y = x3 – x + 2 2 2 2 8
x = -1 x=0 x=1
y = 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 2 y = 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 2 y = 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 2
= (-1)3 – (-1) + 2 = (0)3 – (0) + 2 = (1)3 – (1) + 2
= −1 + 1 + 2 =0−0+2 =1−1+2
=2 =2 =2
x=2
y = 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 2
= (2)3 – (2) + 2
=8−2+2
=8
=8
III - 4
9
8 2, 8
7
6
5
4
3
2 0, 2 1, 2
-1, 2 1
0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3
𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑎 𝑓 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫−1 (𝑥3 – x + 2) 𝑑𝑥
1 1 2
= [ 4 𝑥 4 − 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 ]
−1
1 1 1 1
= [ 4 (2)4 − 2 (2)2 + 2(2)] - [ 4 (−1)4 − 2 (−1)2 + 2 (−1)]
1 1
= [4 − 2 + 4]- [4 − 2 − 2]
9
= (6) - (− 4)
24 9
= +4
4
33
= 4
𝟑𝟑
∴ A(R) = 𝟒
x 0 1 2 3
y = 4x – x2 1 3 4 3
III - 5
4.5
4 2, 4
3.5
3 1, 3 3, 3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0 0, 0
0 1 2 3 4
𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑎 𝑓 (𝑥) − 𝑔 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥
3
= ∫1 (4𝑥 − 𝑥 2) dx
1 3
= [2𝑥 2 − 3 𝑥 3 ]
1
1 1
= [2(3)2 − 3 (3)3 ]- [2(1)2 − 3 (1)3 ]
1
= [18 − 9]- [2 − 3]
5
=9-3
22
= 3
𝟐𝟐
∴ A(R) = 𝟑
Penyelesaian :
x 0 1 2
y = x2 – 2x – 3 -3 -4 -3
0
-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5
0, -3
-3
-3.5 2, -3
-4 1, -4
-4.5
𝑏
A(R) = -∫𝑎 𝑓 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
2
= - ∫0 𝑥 2 – 2x - 3 dx
1 2
= - [3 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥]
0
1
= - [3 (2)3 − (2)2 − 3(2)]
8
= - [3 + 4 − 6]
8+12−18
= -[ ]
3
2
= -3
𝟐
∴ A(R) = - 𝟑
III - 7
x -1 0 1 2
y = x3 -1 0 1 8
9
2, 8
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 1, 1
0 0, 0
-2 -1 -1 0 1 2 3
-1, -1
-2
𝑐 𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑏 𝑓(𝑥) − ∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2 0
= ∫0 𝑥2 - ∫−1 𝑥3 dx
1 1 1 1
= [4 (2)4 − 4 (0)−1 ] – [4 (0)4 − 4 (−1)4 ]
1
= (4) + 4
17
= 4
𝟏𝟕
∴ A(R) = 𝟒
III - 8
x y = x2 y=x+2
0 0 2
1 1 3
2 4 4
=2 =3 =4
4.5
4 2, 4
3.5
3 1, 3
2.5
2 0, 2
1.5
1 1, 1
0.5
0 0, 0
0 2 4
𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑎 (𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔 (𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫0 𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥2
1 1 2
= [2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 𝑥 3 ]
0
1 1
= [2 (2)2 + 2(2) − 3 (2)3 ] − 0
III - 9
8
A (R) = [2 + 4 − 3]
6+12−8
= 3
10
= 3
1
=33
𝟏
∴ A (R) = 3 𝟑
x y = x2 – 2 y = 2x2 + - 4
0 0 -4
1 1 -1
2 4 6
6 2, 6
2 2, 2
0
0 1 1, -1 2 3
-2 0, -2
-4 0, -4
1, -1
-6
𝑏
A(R) = ∫𝑎 (𝑓 (𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫0 ((2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 4) − (𝑥 2 − 2)) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫0 (2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 4 − 𝑥 2 + 2) 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫0 (𝑥2 + x – 2) dx
1 1 2
= [3 𝑥 3 + 2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥]
0
1 1
= [3 (2)3 + 2 (2)2 − 2(2)] − 0
8
= [3 + 2 − 4]
8+6−12 2
= =3
3
𝟐
∴ A (R) = 𝟑
Penyelesaian :
x 0 1 2 3 4
y = x2 / 4 0 0,25 1 2,25 4
III - 11
4.5
4 4, 4
3.5
3
2.5
3, 2.25
2
1.5 2, 1
1
0.5 1, 0.25
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
𝑥2
𝑦= 4
𝑥2
𝑣 = 𝜋𝑟 2 h r= 4
𝑥2
∆v = 𝜋( 4 )2 ∆𝑥 h = ∆𝑥
4 𝑥4
v = ∫1 𝜋 𝑑𝑥
16
4 𝑥 4
= 𝜋 ∫1 𝑑𝑥
16
1 1 4
= 𝜋 [16 ∙ 4+1 𝑥 4+1 ]
1
1 1 4
= 𝜋 [16 ∙ 5 𝑥 5 ]
1
4
𝑥5
= 𝜋 [(80)]
1
45 15
= 𝜋 (80 − 80)
1024 1
= 𝜋[ − 80]
80
1023
= 𝜋[ ]
80
= 12,7𝜋
∴ v = 12,7π
III - 12
2. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 , x = 2, y = 0
Penyelesaian :
x 0 1 2 3
y = x3 0 1 8 27
30
3, 27
25
20
15
10
2, 8
5
0 1, 1
0, 0
0 2 4
𝑦 = 𝑥3
𝑣 = 𝜋𝑟 2 h → 𝑟 = 𝑥 3
h = ∆𝑥
∆𝑣 ≈ 𝜋 (𝑥 3 )2 ∆𝑥
2
∫ 𝑑 𝑣 = ∫0 𝜋𝑥 6 𝑑𝑥
2
𝑣 = 𝜋 ∫0 𝜋𝑥 6 𝑑𝑥
2
𝑥7
= 𝜋[ ]
7 0
128
=π [ ]
7
= 18,3 π ≈ 57,46
∴ v = 18,3 π ≈ 57,46
III - 13
3. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 , x = 0, y = 2
Penyelesaian :
x 0 1 2 3 4
x = y2 0 1 4 1,7 2
2.5
2
2
1.7
1.4
1.5
1
1
0.5
0
0
0 2 4 6
𝑥 = 𝑦2
𝑦 = √𝑥
1
𝑦 = 𝑥2
1
𝑣 = 𝜋𝑟 2 h → r = x 2
ℎ = ∆𝑥
1
4
𝑣 = 𝜋 ∫0 ((𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑥
1
4
∫ 𝑑𝑣 ≈ 𝜋 ∫0 (𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑥
1 4
𝑥 4+1
𝑣= 𝜋 [ ]
1
4+1 0
1 4
𝑥2
= 𝜋[ 5 ]
4 0
5 5
44 04
= 𝜋( 5 − 5 )
4 4
III - 14
5
44
v = 𝜋( 5 − 0)
4
4
= 5 √45 𝜋
𝟒
∴v= √𝟒𝟓 𝝅
𝟓
4. Tentukan volume benda putar yang terbentuk apabila daerah dibatasi oleh
kurva 𝑥 = √𝑦 , y = 4 , x = 0
Penyelesaian :
y 0 1 2 3 4
x = √𝑦 0 1 1,4 1,7 2
4.5
4 2, 4
3.5
3 1.7, 3
2.5
2 1.4, 2
1.5
1 1, 1
0.5
0 0, 0
0 1 2 3
𝑥 = √𝑦
𝑣 = 𝜋𝑟 2 h → Volume benda putar metode cakram
∆𝑣 ≈ 𝜋 ( y1/2 )2 ∆𝑦
ʃ dv = 𝜋 y dy
𝑣 = 𝜋 ( y ) dy
4
𝑣 = ∫ 𝜋 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
0
4
= 𝜋 ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
0
III - 15
4
𝑦2
𝑣 = 𝜋[ ]
2 0
16 0
=𝜋 -𝜋
2 2
= 8𝜋
∴ 𝒗 = 8π
mengelilingi sumbu y
Penyelesaian :
x 0 1 2 3 4
4
y=𝑥 ~ 4 2 1,3 1
4.5
4 1, 4
3.5
3
2.5
2 2, 2
1.5
3, 1.3
1 4, 1
0.5
0; ~
0
0 2 4 6
𝑏
𝑣 = 2𝜋 ∫ 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑎
4 4
= 2𝜋 ∫1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
= 2𝜋 [4𝑥]14
= 2𝜋[(4(4) − 4(1))]
= 2𝜋(12)
∴ v = 24𝜋
III - 16
x 0 1 2 3 4
y = √𝑥 0 1 1,4 1,7 2
2.5
2 4, 2
3, 1.7
1.5
2, 1.4
1 1, 1
0.5
0 0, 0
0 2 4 6
𝑏
𝑣 = 2𝜋 ∫ 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑎
4
= 2𝜋 ∫0 𝑥√𝑥 dx
4
= 2𝜋 ∫0 𝑥 3/2 dx
2 4
= 2𝜋 [5 𝑥 5/2 ] 0
5
2
= 2𝜋 [5 (4)2 ] + 0
5
2
= 2𝜋 ( (4)2 )
5
2
= 2𝜋 (5 . 32)
4 5
= 5 √42 𝜋
4 5
∴ v = 5 √42 𝜋
III - 17
2. y = x , x = 2 ,y = 0 mengelilingi sumbu y
Penyelesaian :
𝑏 𝑑𝑦 2
L = ∫𝑎 √1 + (𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫0 √1 + (1)2 𝑑𝑥
2
L = ∫0 √2 𝑑𝑥
2
= √2 ∫0 𝑑𝑦
= √2(𝑥)20
= √2 (2) − (0)
= √2 (2)
= 2√2
∴ 𝑳 = 𝟐 √𝟐
𝑏 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
L = ∫𝑎 √1 + (𝑑𝑥 ) → = 𝑑 ( 4 − 𝑥 )3/2
𝑑𝑥
III - 18
𝑑𝑦
= 3/2 ( 4 – x ) 3/2-1 𝑑𝑥 ( 4 − 𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
1 2
8 3
L = ∫1 √1 + (− 2 (4 − 𝑥)2 ) 𝑑𝑥
8 9
= ∫1 √1 + 4 (4 − 𝑥) dx
8 9
= ∫1 1 + 9 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4
8 9
= ∫1 (10 − 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 → u = 10-9/4 𝑑𝑥
4
du = 9/4 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
9 4
𝑑𝑥 = = 9 𝑑𝑢
4
8
L = ∫1 (𝑢) dx
8 4
= ∫1 (𝑢 9 𝑑𝑢)
8
= 4/9 ∫1 (𝑢 𝑑𝑢)
8
𝑣2
= 4/9 [ 2 ]
1
9 2
(10− 𝑥)2
4
= 4/9 [ ]
2
1
9
(10− )4 10−9/4(1)
4
= 4/9 [ ]−[ ]
2 2
𝟗
(𝟏𝟎− )𝟒 𝟏𝟎−𝟗/𝟒(𝟏)
𝟒
∴ L = 4/9 [ ]−[ ]
𝟐 𝟐
Penyelesaian:
𝑥+3
y= dx
6
III - 19
𝑥+3
𝑑𝑦 𝑑( )
3
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 1
𝑑( + )
6 2
= 𝑑𝑥
1
=6
𝑏 𝑑𝑦
L = ∫𝑎 √1 + (𝑑𝑥 )2 dx
4 1
= ∫1 √1 + (6)2 dx
4 1
= ∫1 √1 + (36) dx
4 36+1
L = ∫1 √ dx
36
4 37
= ∫1 √36 dx
4
37
= [√36 𝑥]
1
37
= √36 [𝑥]14
37
=√36 [(4) − (1)]
37
= √36 [3]
37
= 3 √36
𝟑𝟕
∴ 𝑳 =3 √𝟑𝟔
III - 20
Sumber Pustaka