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Example No.6.3
Calculate the steady discharge of water between the tanks in the system shown in the
following figure and the power consumption. Pipe diameter D s = Dd = 200 mm; length =
2,000 m; k = 0.03 mm (uPVC). Losses in valves, bends plus the velocity head amount to
6.2 v2 / 2g. Static lift = 10 m.

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Pump Characteristics :
Discharge
0 10 20 30 40 50
(l/sec)
Total Head
25 23.2 20.8 16.5 12.4 7.3
(m)
Efficiency
- 45 65 71 65 45
(per cent)

The efficiencies given are the overall efficiencies of the pump and motor combined.
Given :
• D s=D d =200 mm=0.2 m
• L=2,000 m
• k =0.03 m
2
v
• h minor =6.2
2g
• H s=10 m
Steps of solution :
The solution to such problems is basically to solve simultaneously the head-discharge
relationships for the pump and pipeline :
For the pump, head delivered at discharge Q may be expressed by :
2
H m =AQ +B Q+C
For the pipeline, the head required to produce a discharge Q is given by :
H m =H s +h f +h minor
8f L 2 Km 2
H m =H s + 2 5 Q + 2 Q
π gD 2g A
A graphical solution is the simplest method and also gives the engineer a visual
interpretation of the matching of the pump & pipeline.

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First of all, we shall start with the system curve. Values of H corresponding to a range of
Q values will be calculated.
System Curve
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Q (l/s) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
3
Q (m /s) 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
D (mm) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
v (m/s) 0.000 0.318 0.637 0.955 1.273 1.592 1.910
Kinematic Viscosity 1.13E-06 1.13E-06 1.13E-06 1.13E-06 1.13E-06 1.13E-06 1.13E-06
Re 0 56,338 112,676 169,014 225,352 281,690 338,028
k (mm) 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
k/D 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015
-0.5
f 0.000 6.927 7.380 7.622 7.780 7.894 7.982
f 0.0000 0.0208 0.0184 0.0172 0.0165 0.0160 0.0157
Hst 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
L (m) 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000
Hf 0.000 1.076 3.793 8.001 13.651 20.716 29.179
Km 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2
Hminor 0.000 0.032 0.128 0.288 0.512 0.800 1.153
Hm 10.000 11.108 13.921 18.289 24.164 31.517 40.332

To summarize the procedure for completing the previous table :

Flow velocity is calculated through :
Q Q Q
v= = π 2 → v = π ∗0.2 2
A D
4 4
The kinematic viscosity for water is taken as :
−6 2
ν=1.13∗10 m / sec
Reynolds number is calculated through :
vD v∗0.2
R e= ν = −6
1.13∗10

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The roughness height for uPVC pipes is :

k=0.03 mm
To calculate the friction coefficient, Barr's equation is used :
1
√f
=−2 log
3.7 (
k / D 5.1286
+ 0.89
Re )
The friction losses (using Darcy-Weisbach equation) occurring in the pipeline is calculated
through :
2 8f L
h f =K Q , K = 2 5
π gD
To calculate the minor/secondary losses through the pipeline :
Km 2
h minor = 2 Q
2gA
Finally, the total manometric head required is :
H m =H s +h f +h minor
The following graph shows the system curve for the previously tabulated values :

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The following graph shows the pump characteristic curve (Head vs Discharge curve ) :

The computed system curve data and pump characteristic curve data are now plotted on
the same graph as shown in the following figure :

The intersection point gives the operating conditions; in this case :

Q o =28 l / sec , H m=17.3 m
The operating efficiency is :
ηtotal =0.70

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To calculate the power consumption :

28
Output Power =γ w Q o H m =9,810∗ ∗17.3=4,751.964 Watt
1000
Output Power 4,751.964
ηtotal = → 0.70=
Input Power Input Power
Input Power =6,788.52 Watt =6.8 kW

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