k.

/ Av4. t*+~r';

LIBRARY

CAMPBELL
COLLECTION
 AN

ENGLISH-ANGLO-SAXON

VOCABULARY.

COMPILED BY

THE REV. WALTER W. SKEAT, M.A.,

ELRINGTON AND BOSWORTH PROFESSOR OF ANGLO-SAXON.

PRINTED FOR PRIVATE DISTRIBUTION ONLY.

Cambrfog* :

AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

1879
 Cnmbrifip :

PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A.

AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
 INTRODUCTION.

ON the appearance of Mr Sweet's Anglo-Saxon Reader in 1876,

it occurred to me that an English index (if I may so call it) to
the words contained in the admirable Glossary appended to it
would be useful, at any rate to myself. In the course of 1878 I
made such an index. On looking it over, I at once observed that
some very common and characteristic words were wanting in it,

on account of the necessarily limited nature of the selections. It

then occurred to me that many of these could be readily supplied

by help of the index to Mr Sweet's History of English Sounds. I

accordingly went through that index, and so filled up some of the
gaps. In a very few cases I passed over the words thus indicated,
because the word was unimportant or the form a little doubtful.

Hence the present list contains only such English words as

occur (i) in the explanations of Anglo-Saxon words in Sweet's

Glossary to the Reader (first edition) ;

and (2) nearly all the words
given in his The
History of English Sounds. a vocabulary result is

which gives some account of most of the more important words of

the language; and shews, on the one hand, what words are still
in use nearly unchanged, and on the other, what ideas are expressed
by totally different terms in the modern and in the oldest English.

Limited as is the vocabulary, it has at any rate this advantage,

viz. that all the Anglo-Saxon words cited are real ones, for which
actual authority can be adduced. The passages in which they
occur can be found by the references in the Glossary to the Reader ;

i 2
 INTRODUCTION

or else, when the word is but slightly changed, by reference to the

dictionaries of Bosworth, Lye and Manning, or Ettmiiller. As it is

chiefly in the former case that the construction of the word may
require illustration, it is easy to turn to the passages cited and
observe any peculiarity of usage. It will at once be seen that, from

the way in which the list has been compiled, it is necessarily scanty
and imperfect. It is merely a handy list, intended for my own use
and for that of a few friends and students.

CAMBRIDGE,
April i^th, 1879.

N.B. When modern English verbs and substantives are not

distinguished as such, the verbs may be readily known by the fact
that the Anglo-Saxon infinitive mood ends in -an. It may also be
noted that additional Anglo-Saxon words may often be found under

synonymous English ones. Thus to bid is bebdan ; and, by looking

under command, we also find hdtan.
 VOCABULARY.

AID
a, dn admonish, gemanian
abandon, forlsetan adorn, besettan, gefraetwian, ge-
abbess, abbudisse hlaestan, ger^nian, girwan, gleng-
abbot, abbod an, teon (weak verb}, weortJian,
abject, hean wurSian
able, to be, cunnan adorned, gehroden, geatolic
abode, wunung adulterer, boring, aebreca
aboitt, ymbe, ymb, embe, w. ace.; adultery, hor, forligere, aebryce
onbutan, ymbutan advance, wadan
above, ofer, ufan, bufan ; (of supe- advent, tocyme
riority) toforan ; adv., uppe ; adversary, andsaca, wiSersaca
from above, ufan advice, lar, larcwide, raed
abroad, ut, utanbordes, ute advise, geraedan, raedan, Iseran
abstain from, wiSbredan, refl. adze, adesa, adese
abundance, genyht afflict, eglan, gebr6cian, gecwilman,
abuse, v., hirwan gedreccan, geswencan, gewaegan,
accessible, gefe're genearwian, ge>ryscan, >ryccan
accomplish, asfnan, bewitian, ge- afflicted, gedr^fed
forSian, Jmrhteon ; fullgan, w. affliction, broc, hearm, weorc
dat. aforesaid, se foresaeda ; foresprecen
according to, be afraid, forht, ofdraedd
account, gerad afraid, to be, forhtian, ondrsedan
account, v., tellan after, aefter ; (of time}, ofer ; (of
accurately, gewyrdelice place) on Idst, w. dat.; after
accursed, unlaed that, ftaes 5e
accusation, wi oht afterwards, eft, siSSan, foes, aefter
accuse, gewrdgan, forwre'gan ;
ac- Sam
cuse of, gestselan, iv. dat. again, eft, eft ongean
ache, aece, ece against, on, ongean, ongdn, wi8,
acknowledge, oncnawan w. ace.; (hostilely), togeanes
acorn, ascern, ascirn age (old age), ildu (growing old),
;

acquire, gewinnan, strfnan ealdung

acre, aecer agitated (in mind}, astyred
act, v., d6n agree to, ge|>waerian, gejjwaerlaecan
action, weorc agreeable, gecw^me
adder, naedre agreement, treow, wedd, gecwidra;:-
addition, eaca den
adhesive, clibbor aid, fultum
 AIL ASHAMED
ail, eglan answer, v., andswarian, andwyrdan
air, lyft answer, s., andswaru, andwyrde
akin, gesibb ant, aemette
alas, wa la wd anvil, anfilte
alder, air any, a^nig
alderman, ealdorman- any one, hwa"
ale, ealu anything, wiht, wuht
alight (from a horse}, lihtan anywhere, dhwaer, hwa?r
alike, gelice apart, sundor
alive, cwic,*cucu ape, apa
all, call ;
most of all, ealra maest ; apostate, apostata
at all, dwiht, to ante apostle, apostol
allow, alifan, w. dat. of pers. and appear, asteowian ; >yncan, impers.,
ace. of thing; h'fan, Isetan, ge>aT- w. dat.
ian, ge>wserian apple, asppel
allure, spanan apply, dteon apply oneself to,
;

almighty, eallmihtig, eallwealdend befeolan, w. dat.

almost, fornedh ; almost all, swiS- appoint, settan, dihtan, sceawian ;

ost ealle gelagian, genamian, gescirian,

c/wj. aelmesse geteohhian
almsgiving, aelmesgifu approach, nealsecung, upgang
alone, dn approach, v., genealsecan
along, be archangel, heahengel
alongside of, toemnes, w. dat. archbishop, arcebiscop
also, ealswd, edc, dc ; edc swilce, ardour, inbryrdnis, onbryrdnis
edc swd swilce, swilce edc
; are, sind, sindon, beoS (Northum-
altar, weofod brian aron)
alter, dwendan arise, drisan ; (be born), wacan
although, Seah, ftdh, Sedh 8e ark, earc
always, ealne weg, ealneg ; sefre ; arm, earm
symble ; gehwser arm, v., girwan, gewaSpenian
w, com armour, reaf, herereaf; firdham,
ambition, ricetere firdhraegl, eorlgewaede
ambush, ssetung army, here, herefolc, folc, fird,
amid, onmiddan swe6t
amidst, t6middes around, ymbe, ymb, embe ymbut- ;

among, ongemang, mid, betweo- an, onbiitan

num arouse, weccan
an, dn arrange, fadian, dredian
ancestors, ildran array (oneself}, trymian, trymman,
and, and, ond. refl.
angel, engel arrow, fldn, strael ;
hildenaedre ;

angels, race, of, engelcynn also are we

angelic, engellic art, craeft, searu
anger, torn, grama, irre art (z p. s.
pres. of verb}, eart
angle; see hook artifice, searu, sirwung
angrily, torne, irringa as, swd ; (according as], Saes ?5e ;

angry, irre, gram, wrdS, dbolgen, swilce, w. indie.; as. ..as, swd...
gebolgen swd; as if, swilce, w. subj.;
angry, to be, dbelgan as soon as, s6na swd. [j = eal
animal, nedt , swd]
ankle, ancleow ascend, stigan
announce, bodian, w. dat.; dbe6d- ascension, updstigennis
an ascent, upstige
annul, didlian, dwsegan ; (annul ascribe, getitelian
laws), forniman ash, assc
anon, on an ashamed, to be, scamian, impers. iv.
 ASHES BEFOREHAND
ace. of person and gen. of thing; baleful, bealufull, bealu
forscamian balk (ridge of land], balca
ashes, aescan, axan, ascan (pi.) ban (proclamation], gebann
ask, axian, acsian, ascian ; biddan, band, bend
w. ace. ofpers. and gen. of thing; bane, bana
fricgan, frignan banish, aflfman
asking, axung, acsung bank (of river}, ed-staeS
aspen (tree), aesp, aeps banner, cumbol, )>uf
ass, assa banquet, symbel
assaz't, on sittan baptism, fulluht
assemble, gegadrian, gesamnian baptize, fullian
assembly, gesamnung, gemot bar, grindel
assistance, fultum bare, baer
associate, s., gegada, eaxlgestealla bark, v., beorcan
associate with, to ge}>e6dan barley, bere
association, gej>e6dnis barm (yeast), beorma
astrologer, tungolwitega barn, bern
at, aet, t6 ; at all, wiht, wuht, barrenness, unwaestm
wihte ; and see all barrow (hill), beorh
atone for, ongildan bast, baest
attempt, onginnan bath, baeS
attendant, foregenga, geongra bathe, baSian ; trans. gebeSian
aught, awiht, aht bathing, beSung
aunt, modrige battle, gefeoht, hild, orett, here,
authority,onweald gewinn, getoht, tohte ; beadu,
autumn, haerfest beadulac ; sescplega, ecgplega,
avail, dugan guSplega, wfgplega
avarice, gitsung battle-field, wael, waelstow, maeSel-
avaricious, feohgifre stede
avenge, awrecan, wrecan be, wesan, weorSan, bedn
avenger, wrecend beacon, beacen
avoid, forbugan, forcirran, forfleon beam, beam
await, bidan, w. gen., abfdan, on- bean, bean
bidan bear, bera
s.,
awake weccan, aweccan
(arouse), ; bear, v., beran (a child}, geberan
;

(to be awake}, wacian (to become

; beard, beard
awake), onwacan, onwacnan bearer of a corpse, licmann
away, onweg, aweg, for??, fram, beast, deor, neat, niten ; (wild
Sanon beast), wildde6r
awe, ege, egesa beat, beatan, cnyssan, }>erscan
awl, awel beautiful, faeger, hiwbeorht, freolic,
axe, eax seme, torht, wlitig
axle ; see shoulder beauty, faegernis, wlite, beorhtnis
aye; see ever because, for Sdm Se, for 8y Se, Saes
Se, 8^
B beckon, be"cnan, beScnian
become, weortJan
back, baec, hrycg bed, bedd, rest
back again, eft beer, beor
backwards, ofer baec, under baec beetle (insecf), b^tel, bftel
bad, yfel, eargiic, fracod beetle (rammer), bytel
bad, to become, yfelian befit, gerisan
badly, yfele, yfle before, adv., fore, foran, beforan, asr
bag, faetels before, prep., for w. dat., beforan;
bailiff, gereTa, tunger^fa ; wicgeffra (of time), aetforan, w. dat., t6for-
bake, bacan an, w. dat., onforan, w. ace.
bale, bealu beforehand, aetforan
 BEG BOLDNESS

&eg,bedecian(Greg. Pastoral,]). 285) bird, fugol

beget, strfnan birth, acennednis, gebyrd (time ;

begin, onginnan, beginnan of), gebyrdtid ; of noble birth,

beginning, fruma, frymft, onginn, aeSelboren
ord birthplace, cennungstow
behave, gebaeran, feVan bishop, biscop
behest, haes bishopric, biscopstol
behind, adv., behindan, aet hindan, bit, v., (to furnish a horse with a
on swatte ;from behind, aeftan bit),baetan
behind, prep., beaeftan bitch, bicce
behold, behealdan, sceawian bite, bitan
behold.' efne la! hwast
! !
bitter, biter
behove, gebyrian, behofian black, blase, sweart
being (creature), wuht, wiht bladder, blaedr
belch, bealcettan blade (ofgrass), blaed
belief, geleafa blain, blegen
believe, gel (fan blame, v., taelan
believing, geleaffull, gelifed blast, blaest
bell,bella (or belle) bleach, blacian
bellow, bellan bleak \pale), blsec, blac
belly, wamb, belg bleat, blaetan
belong, gebyrian, belimpan bleed, blddan ;
swaatan (poet.)
beloved, leof blend, blandan
belt, belt bless, geble"tsian
bench, benc blessed, gesselig, eddig
bend, bendan ; (bow down}, lutan blessing, bldtsung
beneath, adv., neoSan ;/r<?/.beneoS- blind, blind
an, w. dat. blind, v., ablendan
benefit, v., fremian, w. dat. blindly, blindlice
benefit, s., fremsurrinis, fremu, fearf bliss, bliss
benevolent, welwillende blithe, blfSe
bequeath, becweSan blood, blod also heolfor, swat (poet.)
;

bereave, bereafian bloodshed, blodgyte

berry, berige bloody, blodig also drecSrig, heol-
;

beset, bestandan frig, swatig (poet.)

besides, adv., git, toedcan ; prep. bloom, v., geblowan
(w. dat.), eac, toeacan bloom, s., bloma
besiege, ymbsittan, besittan blossom, blostma
besom, besma blow, v., blawan ; blow upon, be-
best, betst, sdlest wawan
betray, forraedan, beswfcan ; (a city), blow (as a flower), blowan
becirran blow, s. (stroke), drepe, sweng
betrayal, swicddm boar, bar, swin ; (wild), eofor
adv., bet
better, adj., betera, sdlra ; board, bord
between, betweonum, betwux, be- boar-spear, eoforspre6t
twix boast, gebeotian
betwixt, betwux, betwix boasting, be6t, gilp
bewail, cwiSan boat, bat
beyond, begeondan bode, bodian
bid, bebeodan, beodan bodily, lichamlic
bide, bidan body, lie, lichama, flasschama, bodig
bier, bger boil, weallan
bill (weapon), bill bold, beald, gebilde, cdne, dyrstig,
bin, binn fram,hwaet, snell,strang; arod,caf
bind, bindan, cnyttart, sselan ; (as boldly, bealdlice, cdnlice, framlice,
prisoner), we"lan caflice
birch, beorc boldness, dyrstignis, hwaetscipe
 BOLSTER CALUMNV

bolster, bolster bridge, brycg

bolt, bolt (?) bridle, bridels (or brfdels)
bond, bend, clamm bright, beorht, scfr, torht, hddor,
bone, bdn leoht, leohtlic
book, boc brightly, beorhte, hddre
boon, be*n \boon \c&. bon] brightness, beorhtnis
&;0/ (remedy), bot bring, bringan, aetberan, laedan ;
booty, Me, huS bring about, gewendan ; bring
0AV, borian forth (child}, cennan, acennan,
borough, burh oncennan, timan, tydran bring ;

borrow, borgian up, fedan

bosom, bosm, bearm broad, brad
&7//6, begen ;
both. ..and, aegfter... brood, brod (unauthorized)
ge, ge...ge brook, v.j see use
bottom, botm ; (<?/"
a lake, &>c.), brook, s., broc
grund broom (plant}, brom
bottomless, grundleds broth, broS
bough, telga, b6h brother, broSor
boundary, mearc brow, brii
bow, v., gebugan, biigan bow ; brown, bnin
down, trans., onhildan intrans., ; buck, bucca
hnfgan, onlutan build, timbrian, timbran, dtimbran,
bow (for shooting), boga, fldnboga bytlan, arasran ; settan ; (firmly],
bower, bur trymman
bowl, bolla building, getimbre, getimbrung, ge-
boy, cnapa, cniht bytle
braid, bregdan bullock, bulluca
brain, braegen bundle, byndel
bramble, bremel (or bre"mel) burden, byrften
branch (of a tree], telga burn, intr., beornan trans., baer- ;

brand, brand nan, aelan, forswaslan burn tip, ;

brandish (a sword], bewindan forbaernan (trans.}, forbeornan

brass, aer, braes (intrans.}
brave, god, heard, hwaet, strang, burning, s , bryne
stiSmod, hror ; r6f (poet.} un- ; \
burst, berstan burst forth, bre-
;

earg ;
and see bold can burst out, aberstan
;

bravehearted, heardmod, stiffmod bury, byrgan, bebyrgan, bedelfan

bravely, heardlice, ]>egenlice .

busy, bysig
bravery, hwastscipe ; and see bold- but, ac
ness butter, butera (a borrowed word
breach, bryce ; (of agreement}, from Latin}
weddbryce ; (of law}, lahbryce buy, bycgan, gebycgan buy off, ;

bread, bread forgildan

breadth, braedu by, be, bi ; (by means of}, Jmrh ;
break, brecan ; (become broken), fram, w.pass. verb
sprengan break to pieces, to-
;

brecan, forbreotan break asun- ;

der, intrans., toberstan

breast, breost cable, scipra'p
breastplate, byrne, byrnham calamity, gelimp
breath, blaed, fnasst, brseO calf, cealf
breathe, orSian call, ceallian ; (to exclaim}, clipian,
breeches, bre"c (pi. o/broc) cleopian ; (to name}, gecigan ;
breed, bre"dan (to call out}, hri'man
brew, gebreowan callow (bald), calu
bride bryd
) calumny, hoi ; (attack on character),
bridegroom, brydguma onscyte
 CAMP CLOTHES

camp, wic, wicstow, firdwic character (nature), hid

campaign, s., fird charge, have in, bewitan
campaign, v., firdian chariot, craet
can (/), cann charitable, cystig, aelmesgeorn
candle, candel (Latin) charity, aelmesgifu
canon, canon (Lat. and Gk.) cheap ; see purchase, sb.
capacity, maegen cheek, cedce
captivity, haeftnid cheer, frdfran, gefrdfrian, drdtan
capture, v., niman, fon cheese, cse
care, caru, cearu, heord chew, ceowan
care, z>.,hogian; (to reck), meornan, chicken, cycen
rdcan ; (to care about), carian, chide, cidan
onmunan ; (to take care of), gim- chilblain; see blain
an, TV. gen. child, beam, cild, eafera
careful, carfull, smealic childhood, cildhad
careless, re'celeas, gimeleds, orsorh, chill, freorig
wanhydig chill, s., ce"le

carelessly, unwcerlice chin, cinn

carelessness, unwaerscipe, gimeledst choice, dom
carnal, flaeslic choice thing, cyst
carrion, ses choke, for>rysmian
carry, beran, ferian, laedan, wegan ; choose, ceosan, geceosan
carry off or away, alsedan, offe"r- chough, ceo
ian, awegan church, cirice,circe ; (congregation),
cart, craet gelaSung
carve, ceorfan cinder, sinder
castle, castel (Latin) circuit, ymbgang, ymbhwirft, be-
cat, catt gang
catch, gelaecan circumference, ymbgang
cathedral, mynster citizens, burhleode, burhsittende,
cattle, ceap, feoh, feo, neat, niten, burhwaras
orf, hrySer city, ceaster, burh
cattle-plague, orfcwealm clamour, hream, gebaere
cause, don, w. infin. claw, clawu (or clawu)
cause, s., intinga clay, claeg
cauterize, fortendan clean, claene
cave, scrasf clean, adv., claene
cease, ablinnan, gestillan cleanness, clsennis
cease from, geswfcan, w. gen. cleanse, claensian
celebrate, msersian clear (evident), sweotol, swutol;
celebrated, maere (used of the voice), beorht
certain one, an, sum clearly, sweotollice
certain of, gewiss, w. gen. cleave (adhere), clifian
certainly, gewisslice, georne cleave (sever), cleofan
chafer (insect), ceafor cleave asunder, tocleofan
chaff, ceaf clerical, gehadod
chain, clamm, bend, racente clew, cliwe
chain, v., gehasftan cliff, clif
chalk, cealc climb, climban .

chamber, bur, c6fa, reced climb up, stigan

chamberlain, bur]>egn cling, clingan
champion, cempa clip (to embrace),
clyppan
change, -v., aw.endan, behwirfan ;
belucan (close up a
close, v., lucan, ;

(change to the worse], onwendan road), forwyrcan

change, s., edwenden ; (vicissitude), cloth, claS
gebregd (reverse), edhwirft
; clothe, scrydan
chapman, ceapmann clothes, gewaede
 CLOUD CRANE

cloud,woken. \The A. S. cliid = consenter (consenting person), ge-

mass of rock\ }>afa
clout, clut consider, be>encan, }>encan, hog-
clover, clcefre ian,smeagan, smean, asmedgan,
cluster, clyster geondsceawian, geond)>encan
coal, col consolation, frofor
coat, tunece, cyrtel, pdd console, fr^fran, gefreYrian
cock, hana, coc constancy, anraednis
cockchafer; see chafer contain, befon
cock-crow, hancre'd contemplation, smedgung
cockle; see corn-cockle contempt, forsewennis, forhohnis,
cold, ceald oferhygd
cold, s., cele contend, sacan
collect, gegadrian, gesamnian continual, singal
colour, hiw continually, singallice
coloured, fah, fdg continue, wunian, Jmrhwunian
colt, colt continuously, anstreces, on dn
comb, camb contrary to, ofer
combat (single], anwfg contrive, d>encan
come, cuman, becuman; (to the control, wealdan
throne), fon to rice conversion, gecirrednis
comely, cymlic convert, gehwirfan, behwirfan, ge-
comfort, frofor bigan
comfort, v.; see cheer cook, s., c6c (Latin)
coming, cyme, tocyme cool, col
command, v., beodan, hdtan, be- cool (grow cool), colian
beodan corn, corn
command, gebod, bebod, diht, haes, corn-cockle, coccel
geweald corner, hyrne
commit, betaacan corporeal, Ifchamlic
common, gemaene ;
in common, corpse, hraew, hra, He
gemaenelice correct, gerihtan
companion, gesfe, gefe'ra, geneat cote (cot), c6te
company, geferscipe could, ciiSe
compel, geneadian, genidan, forni- council, raed, run
dan councillor, wita, runwita, raedbora
complain, msenan, besprecan counsel, raed
complete, v., fullfremman, fullvvyrc- count, riman
an, Vurhte6n countenance, andwlita
compose (write), gedihtan country, land, card, molde
comrade, wilgehl^tJa courage, mod, >rymm ; ellen (poet.)
conceal, bedirnan, bediglian, mitJan course, ryne
conceive (be pregnant], geeacnian court, hof ; (inclosure), edor
concerning, of cover, belecgan, >eccan, be>eccan,
condemn, forde'man helan, wrihan, bewrihan, bewyrc-
condition (state}, had an ; (cover over), oferhelman ;
conduct, faru, faer, drohtnung (cover -with rime), behreosan
confess, andettan cow, cu
confine, beclysan cowardice, irgSu
confirm, afaestnian, gefaestnian cowardly, earg, earglic
congregation, lasting, gelaSung cowslip, cusloppe
conquer, dlecgan, gehnaegan, ge- crab (Jish), crabba
wildan, ofweorpan; (land), ge- crackle (as flames), brastlian
gdn cradle, cradol, cildcradol
conscious, gecnaewe, w. gen. craft; see skill
consecrate, gehdlgian cram (stuff), crammian
consent to, ge|>zifian crane, cran
1 1
 CRAVE DEN
crave, crafian danger,
fre'cednis ; (sudden danger},
create, gesettan, gescippan, onstell- fasr

an, trymman dangerous, fre'cne

creation, gesceap, gesceaft, gescap- dare, durran, ndSan ;
/ dare, ic
ennis, frumsceaft dearr
Creator, metod, meotod, scippend dark, deorc, mirce, sweart, wann,
creature, wiht, wuht, gesceaft heolstor, Jjeostre, >eosterfull
creep, creopan, snican darkness, heolstor, J>eostru
cress, cerse, ceerse darling, deorling
crib, cribb dart, daroS
crime, synn, undaed, morSor, gylt, daughter, dohtor
facen, firen, leahtor, man, man- dawn, uhte, serdaeg, dasgr^d
daed dawn, v., dagian
criminal, s., wearg, sceaSa day, daeg ; dogor (poet.)
cringe (bow, fall}, cringan, gecring- day^s work, dasgweorc
an dead, dedd, forftgewiten, unlifigende
cripple, cre"pel deadly, dedtJbsere, cwealmbaer
crooked, woh deaf, deaf
crop (of wheat), wyrt deal, dael
crop (of a bird), cropp dear, deore, d^re, leof
cross, rod, gealga death, deaS, gewitennis, forSfor,
cross, sign of the, rodetacn forSsfS, hinsiS, swilt, hryre, fill,
cross oneself, se'nian cwealm, cwild
crow, crawan death, doomed to, f^ege
crowd, gemang, hwearf death-day, deaSdseg
cruel, waslhreow, re"Se, gram, grimm, decay, forrotian, fdlian, brosnian
wraS, unswseslic decay, s., brosnung
cmelly, Dearie deceit, swicdom
crumb, cruma deceitful, swicol
crush, tocwysan deceive, beswfcan, bepaacan
crutch, cricc decide, gesc^dan, geceosan, rsedan,
cry (clamour), cirm gerasdan
cry aloud, hriman, cirman decline, oSfealla i, wanian
cultivate, gebiian decree, geraedan, raedan, gescirian,
cunningly, geaplice d^man
cup, bune, cuppe decree offate, gesceaft
curse, s., curs deed, dsed, >ing
cttrse, v., cursian deemj see doom
cursed, awirged deep, deop, steip
curtain, fleohnett deeply, deope
custody, heord deer, deor
custom, >eaw, sidu, gewuna ; (evil defeat, v., forslean
custom), unsidu defeat, siege
cut, ceorfan, heawan, bitan, sniSan, defeated, sigeleas
sceran defend, werian, bewerian, gebeorg-
cut away, dceorfan onweg an, ealgian
cut off, beceorfan, w. ace. of pers. defender, weriend
and instr, of thing defile, besylian, besmitan, wemman ;
cut through, forceorfan gefylan
defilement, wamm, gewemmednis
degenerate, dbroSen
D delay, ildan, latian, uforian
delay, ildung
daily, daeghwcimlice delve, delfan
daisy, dasges dge demand, girnan, w. gen.
dale, dael demon, sceocca, scucca
dam up (a river), forwyrcan den, denn
12
 DENY DOCTRINE

deny, aleogan, w. dat. of pers. and dig, delfan

ace. of thing ; forsacan digging, gedelf
depart, gewitan dignity, gej>yngfto, ge^yncfJ, weorS-
departing thence, ftanonweard fullnis

departure, utgang diligently, gecneordlice

depending on, gelang ast dill, dile
deplore, bew^pan dim, dimm
deprive of, beniman, benseman, iv. diminish, trans, and intrans., ge-
gen. or instr.; bedaelan, beh'San, wanian
w. gen.; besnyftian, w. instr.; din, to make a, dynian
afirran, iv dat. of pers. and ace.
. dint (a blow), dynt
of thing; bescirian, w. gen. of dip, difan ; dyppan
thing ; 6Swendan, w. dat. ofpers. dire, atol, sliSen
and ace. of thing direct, gerihtlaecan, gewissian, wfs-
depth, dipe, dy"pe ian, taecan
derision, hocor, hosp direction, gewissung
derisive, h6corwyrde disciple, leornere, leornungcniht,
descendant, maga geongra
desert (waste), wdsten discipline, >eodscipe
desert, adj., wilde discourse, cwide
desert (merit), gewyrht discover, afindan, onfindan
deserve, earnian discredit, unhlisa
design, ge>eaht, ra=d disease, c65, ddl, uncoSu
desire, girnan, iv. gen.; gitsian ; diseased, adlig
willan ; wilnian, w. gen. or ace.; diseased, to be, ddlian
gelystan, impers. w. ace. of per- disengage oneselffrom, geaemtigian;
son andgen. of thing reflex, w. gen.
desire, willa, lust, wilnung disgrace, scamu, scand
desirous, georn, w. gen. disgraceful, scandlic
despair, ormodnis dish, disc
despairing, ormod dishearten, geirgan
despairing of, orwdne, w. gen. dislike, un>anc
despise, forhogian, forseon disperse, intr., tofaran, tof^ran ;

despiser, oferhoga trans., t6sendan

destroy, fordon, spillan, forspillan,
forwyrcan, forniman, forfaran,
dmirran, kbreotan, ddilgian, to-
weorpan
destruction, forwyrd, cwild
determine, gemearcian
detest, onscunian
detestable, onscunigendlic
devastate, hergian
devastation, hergaff, hergung, for-
hergung
devil, de6fol
devil, possessed by a, deofolseoc
devilish, deofolcund, deofollic
devise, dcraeftan
devour, forsvvelgan, fretan
dew, deaw
die, steorfan, sweltan, cwelan, a-
cwelan, geendian, gefaran, gewit-
an, forSfaran
difficult, earfoCe, earfoSlic
difficulty, with,uneaSe, unfttelice
diffidence, unbildo
display, gesweotolian, geswutolian,
eowan
display, s., waefersin
displease, mislfcian, w. dat.
dissimulate, lytigian, licettan
distant, firlen
distension, tobldwennis
distinct, sweotol, swutol
distinguished, gejnmgen
distribute, da=lan
district, scedt, scir
district, governor of a, scirmann
disturbance, unstillnis
ditch, die
dive, diifan
divide, da^lan, toniman, t6dielan
divine, godcund, dryhtenlic
divinely, godcundlice
divinity, godcundnis
division, dael
do, d6n, gedon
dock (plant), docce
doctrine, Mr
 DOE ELF

doe, da dwell in, trans., healdan

dog, hund dwelling, ham,
wi'c ; inn, geard,
doing amiss, miswende hof, card, geset, gesteald, wunung
dole, gedal, dael dwelling-place, eardgeard
dominion, onweald, rice dyke, die
doom, dom
doom, v., ddman
door, duru
doubt, tweo, tweonung each, seghwilc, w. gen.; aelc, ge-
doubt, -v., tweogan, tweon, iv. gen.; hwilc, aeghwaeSer, aegSer, gehwaeO-
tweonian, impers. er
doubt, without, untwilice, untwe6- each one, gehwa
gendlice eager, georn, geornfull, geornfullic,
doubtfully, tweolice fiis

dough, dah (?) eagerly, geornfullice, geornlice,

doughty, dyhtig georne
dove, culfra ;
dufe (or dufa) eagle, earn
down dun
(hill), ear, eare
downwards, of dune, neoSan, nitter earl, eorl
drag, dragan, teon early morning, aernemergen
dragon, draca, wyrm earn, geearnian
draw, dragan, teon earnest, eornest; in earnest, on
draw (sword), gebregdan, abreg- eornest, eornestlice
dan, teon earnestly, eorneste
draw near, getengan earth, eorSe, grund, folde, molde,
dread, v., on}>racian, ondraedan hruse, middangeard
dreadful, on>rsece earthdweller, foldagend, foldbuend,
dream, v., gemsetan eorSbuend
dream, swefn earthly, eorSlic
dreary, dreorig easily, eaSe, softe
dress, wsed, gewaede, waafels, hraegl, east, east
reaf, scriid east, from the, eastan
drink, drincan, supan ; (drink up), east, to the, wiS eastan
gedrincan ; (give to drink), drenc- Easter, Eastron (pi.)
an Easter-day, Easterdaeg
drink, s., drenc eastward, easteweard
drinking, gedrinc easy, eafte, dSe
drive, drifan, draefan (away), afys-
; eat, etan
an, fordrifan, adrffan eaves, efes
drop, dropa ebb, s., ebba

dropsy, waeterseocnis ebb away, aebbian

drove, draf ecclesiastical, circlic
drown, trans., ddrencan
drunk, druncen eel, ael
dry, dryge egg, aeg
dry up, adruwian eight, eahta
due, gerisen eighty, hundeahtatig
dull, dol either (of two}, ahwaeSer, awfter
dumb, dumb either.. .or, oS0e...oSSe, dSer...6'Ser
dun (brown), dunn eke, v., dean
during, under, w. dat, elder, ildra
durst (I), dorste elders, ildran
dust, dust elder-tree, ellen
dztty, riht eldest, ildesta
dwarf, dweorg eleven, endlufon
dwell, wunian, wician, eardian, ge- eleventh, endlyfta
buan, bugian elf, aelf
 ELI. FADE AWAY

ell, eln eucharist, hiisl

elm, elm evangelical, godspellic
eloquence, getyngnis evangelist, godspellere
else, elles even, efen, emn
elsewhere, ellor evening, sefen
embrace, clippan, ymbclippan eventide, sefentid
embrace, s., faeSm ever, aefre, d, dwa ;for ever, to
emmet, aemette ealdre
emperor, cdsere every one, aeghwd
employment, notu everywhere, aeghwaer, gehwser, ofer
empty, aemtig, (del call
encamp, gewician, sittan evident, sweotol, swutol, open
enclosure, haga evident, to make, geswutolian
encourage, trymian, trymman, ge- evil, yfel
bildan evil, s., yfel, bealu
end, ende, geendung evil-doer, mdnfremmende
end, v., endian ewe, eowe
end, bring to an, onwendan examine, dsmedgan
endless, ungeendod example, bigspell, bysen, bysnung
endure, bidan, w. ace.; >olian example, to give an, bysnian
enemy, feond, feondsceaSa, sceaSa, excel, oferstigan
mdnscaSa excellence, duguS
English, Englisc excellent, aettele, aenlic, unforcuO, in
English, the, Engle, Angle dryhten, gejnmgen
English language, Engliscgereord except, biiton
enjoy, brucan, w. gen.; neotan, excessive, ungemetgod, swMic
w. gen. excessively,ungemet, ungemetlice,
enjoyment, notu swMice, oferlice, ungefoge
enlighten, onlfhtan exchange (barter), s., gewrixle
enmity, fe6ung, of))anca excite, onstyrian
ennoble, gedirsian, gedyrsian exculpate oneself, betellan, reflex,
enough, genog excuse, gelddian, forlaetan
enrage, gremian exhalation, stedm
enslave, gefeowian exhausted, goten, w. gen.
ensnare, besinvan exhausted, to become, dteorian
enterprise, onginn exhort, gemanian
entice, spanan, gewdman exile, wraecsi'8
entirely, mid ealle, ealles, eallunga, expedition, siS, rdd ; (military],
aeghwaes fird
entrails, innoS expel, ddraefan
entrance, inngang, instaepe expend, dspendan
entrust, befaestan, w.dat.; bebeddan explain, gereccan
equinox; emniht exploration, scedwung
ere, aer explore, cunnian
erect, araeran expound, alreccan
err, misf^ran extend, braedan, ger^man, dstreccan
err, tocause to, dwelian extensive, widgille
errand, aerende external, uteweard, utanweard
error, gedwild externally, utane
erst, aerest extinguish, dcwencan, ddwasscan
escape, aetberstan, oSwindan, losian, extreme, ytemest
berstan ; escape from, aetwindan, eye, edge
w. gen.
establish, settan
eternal, dee
eternally, dcelice face, andwlita
eternity, cnis fade away, wanian
 FAIL FLAT

fail, swican, geswican, w. dat. of fell (skin), fell

person; alicgan fen, fenn
fain, fasgen fern, fearn
fair, faeger, seme fervour, wilm
fairness, faegernis festival, freolstfd
faith, treow, treowS, getreowS, ge- festivity, plega
trywS, geleafa fetch, feccan, fetian
faith, want of, geleafledst fetter, fetor, racente
faithful, getreowe, hold feud, faehS
faithfully, getreowlice fever, fefor, fefor-ddl
fall, feallan, dreosan, gedreosan, fever, to have a, hriSian
hreosan, ahreosan (bow down],
; few, fed
cringan ; (fall away], afeallan fickle, ficol
fall, dryre, hryre,
s., fill fiddler, fiSelere
fallow, fealu fidelity, treowS, trywft, getreowS,
false, leas getrywS '

falsehood, leasung field, feld, ascer, wang ; (field of

fame, hlfsa battle], wasl
familiar, cuS fiend, feond
family, maegS, cynn, hired fierce, gram, grimm, irre,r^Se,hreoh,
family, member of a, hiwa hreo, sti'3, stfSm6d
famine, hunger fiercely, wraSum, irringa, sti'Slice
famous, namcuS, msere, mserlic, fierceness, r^Snis
bre"me, gefrsege fifteen, fiftine
famous, to make, mseran, gefrsegn- fifth, fifta
ian fifty, flftig
far, feorr ;from afar, feorran fight, feohtan, winnan, sacan
fare, v., weorSan, impers. with ace.; fight, s., gefeoht, feohte, camp,
(to go), faran campwig, tohte
farthing, feorSling fighter, cempa
fast (fasting}, faesten file (rasp), feol
fast, adj., faast fill, fyllan, dfyllan
fasten, fasstnian fill, s., fyllo
fastness, fassten film, filmen
fat, faet fin, finn
fate, wyrd, siS; (decree of fate], ge- find, findan, mdtan, begitan; (find
sceaft out), onfindan, afindan
father, faeder finger, finger
fathom, faaSm, fseSmrim finish, v., geendian, betynan, Jjurh-
fault, gylt te6n
favour, e"st, liss, hyldo fir, furh
fawn a dog), onfaegnian
(as fire, fyr
fear onscunian,
(be afraid}, reflex.; fire-gleam, ij rleoht
ofdraadan, ondrsedan firm, faest, trum
fear, oga, ege, egesa; (frighf), firmly, faestlice, faeste
fyrhto, forhtung; (sudden dan- firmness, faestnis
ger}, fa=r first, forma, fyrmest, fyrst
fearful, egesfull, egeslic first, adv., serest
fearfully, egeslice fish, fisc
fearless, unforht, unforhtmod fisher, fiscere
feast, gebeorscipe, wist fishing, fiscoS
feast, v., wistfullian fist, fyst
feather, feSer fitly, sidelice
fee (property), feoh fitting, gelimplic
feed, fe"dan, af^dan five, fff
feel, f^lan flame, blaest, h'g
fell, afillan fiat (applied to land), filde

16
 FLATTER FUNERAL

flatter, oleccan forged, gejairen

flattery, 61eccung forget, forgitan
flax, fleax forgive, forgifan
flea, flea forgiveness (of sins], forgifennis
flee, fleogan, gefle6han former, serra
fleece, flys formerly, geara, ge6, giu, iu, gefyrn,
aer Sissum
fleet, adj., fleotig
flesh, flyesc forth; see forwards
fleshly, flaesclic forthwith, sona, aadre, Saerrihte
flight, flyht, fleam anunga, semninga
flight, to put to, aflfgan, aflfman, fortification, geweorc
gefliman, fysan forty, feowertig
flint, flint forwards, forS
flitch, flicce foster-father, fostorfaeder
float, fleotan foul, ful
flock, flocc found (a town\ asettan, settan; (a
flood, flod building), trymman
flooded, fle"de foundation, gesetnis, staSol, weall-
floor, flor, flett, heallwudu steall
flourish, )>e6n, gejedn, wridian, ge- fountain, willa
blowan four, feower
flourishing, geblowen fourfooted, fi^erfifte
flow, flowan ; (as a river), feallan, fourteen, feowertine
irnan fourth, feorfta
flow of the tide, flod; (stream), fowl; see bird
gang fowler, fugle re
fluctuate, wealcan fox, fox
fly, s., fleoge foxglove, foxes glofa
fly, v., fleogan fragment, bryce
foal, fola fragrance, stenc
foam, fam frailty, tydernis, hnescnis
fodder, fodor frankincense, re"cels

foe, feond free, freo

fold, fealdan free from, leds
folk, folc freeze, freosan
follow, folgian, fyligan fresh, fersc
following, asftera Friday, frigedasg
folly, unsnotornis, unwisdom, un- friend, freond, wine
raed, hygeleast, dysig friendless, freondleas
food, foda, mete, metsung, det, nest, friendly, freondlic, hold
feorm, bigleofa friendship, freondscipe
food, want of, metele"st fright, fyrhto, forhtung
foolish, dysig, dysiglic, dwaes, dol frightened, afirht
foolishly, dollice frivolity, idelnis
foot, fot frog, frocga
foot-measure, fotmsel from, fram, of, aet ; (to learn from
=
footprint, spor geliornan aet)
for, for, to frost, forst
forbid, forbeodan frosty, hrimig
force, nfd frozen, froren
force, by, nide fruit, waestm, ofet, bled, b!6stma
ford, ford fry, gehirstan
forefather, fortSfceder frying, hirstung
foreign, fremde, welisc, el>eodig fryingpan, hearstepanne
foreigner, wealh full, full
forest, wudu, holt, weald, wuduholt fully, fullice
forge, asmiian funeral, If

'7
 FUNERAL PILE GRANTED

funeral pile, ad, bsel glide, glidan

furlong, furhlang glitter, lixan
furnace, ofen gloaming, glomung
furrow, furh gloom, glom
further, furSor gloomy, to become, gesweorcan
further away, ufor glorify, maeran, maarsian
furze, fyrs glorious, frymmfaest, >rymmfull,
future, toweard >rymmlic, >rySlic, maere, maerlic,
future, s., forSgesceaft blaedfaest, tirfasst, torhtlic
gloriously, hlisfullice, domlice
glory, wuldor, tir, hrdS, dom, lof,
maerSu, blaed, >rySu, >rymm,
gain, gewinnan, strinan weorSmynt, wurSmynt
gall, gealla glory, eager for, domgeorn
gallows, gealga, galga glove, glof
game, gamen gluttony, oferfyll
gang, gangan gnash the teeth, gristbitian
gannet, ganet, ganot gnashing of teeth, gristbitung
gape, geapian gnat, gnaet
garment, scrud gnaw, gnagan
gate, geat go, gan, gengan, cuman, faran, f^ran,
gatekeeper, geatweard ferian, steppan, wadan, scriSan,
gather (flowers), gadrian ; (collect), teon, wendan (reflex, or intrans.)
gegadrian go in a track, spyrian
gaze, starian go without, for>olian, w. instrum.
gear, gearwe go wrong with, mislimpan, impers.
gem, gimm, gimmsta'n w. dat.
general, s., folctoga goad, gad
general (common), gemaene goat, gat
generally, gemsenelice God, god
gentle, row, HSe, geswses, smylte god-child, godbearn
gently, li'Selice goddess, gyden
gesture, gebaere godfather, cumpaeder
get, gitan God-fearing, godfyrht
get at (reach), gersecan godson, godsunu
ghost, gast gold, gold
giant, eoten, ent, >yrs, gigant golden, gylden
gift, gifu, Idc, lean goldsmith, goldsmiS
gigantic, eotenisc good, god, godlic, til, serfaest
gild, gyldan goodly, godlic
girdle, gyrdel goodness, godnis
girl, maegden, meeden, masgS goods, god
give, gifan, sellan ; (permit to have], goose, gos
onlihan, w, dat. of pers. and gen. gore (blood}, heolfor
of thingj (grant), unnan, w. dat. gorse, gorst
ofperson and gen. of thing gory, heolfrig
give away, forgifan, forgildan gospel, godspell
give up, ofgifan, oflsetan gout, gihSa
giver, brytta (poet.) govern, gewealdan
glad, glaed, glaedmod, faegen, government, steor
rot grace, 6st (of God), gifu
;

gladden, gegladian, gracious, hold

gladly, glsedlice, rotlice grandfather, eald faeder
glass, glaes grant, unnan, getfSian, both w. gen.
gleam, scima, glaem of thing and dat. ofperson; (grant
glede (hot coal), gldd as a favour), tftte fremian
glee, gliw granted, gifeSe
18
 GRASP HEAD

grasp, gegripan, grdpian, fon, haf- hair, haer ; head of, feax
enian half, healf
grasp, faeSm, grdp, clamm hall, heall, sele, sael, seld
grass, grass hallow, gehdlgian
grave, graef halt (lame), healt
gravel, sandceosel, gre6t hammer, riamor
gray, graeg hand, hand folm (poet.}
;

gray (of hair), hdr hand over, to handa laetan, draecan

"gray-haired, blandenfeax handgrasp, mundgripe
great, great, micel handiwork, handgeweorc
greater, mdra handle, helf
greatest, msest handy (near}, gehende
greatly, miclum hang, trans., dhon, geh6n ; intrans.
greatness, micelnis hangian
greedily, grsediglice happen, gelimpan, getimian, weorS-
greediness, gifernis an, wesan
greedy, graedig, gffre happiness, sael, gesaclS
green, gre"ne happy, gesaelig, eddig
greet, gre*tan harbour, port
grief, wed, sar, hearm hard, heard
grief, tidings of, weaspell harden, dhirdan
grieve, sarettan hardhearted, heardheort
grievous, swdr, sar, laS, wrdftlic hardheartedness, heardheortnis
grievously, weorce hardly, unedSe
grim, grimm, grimmlic hardness, heardnis
grind, gegrindan hardship, earfoS, geswinc
grip, gripe, grdp hare, hara
gripe, gegripan, gn'pan harlot, miltestre
groan, granian harm, hearm, bealu
groaning, grdnung harp, hearpe
groom, guma harp, v., hearpian
grope, grdpian harper, hearpere
ground, grund, flor, folde harping, hearpung
groundsel, grundeswelge harrow, s., herewe, herwe (?)
grove, bearu harrow, v., ettan
grow, weaxan, grovvan (grow up\ ;
harry, hergian
dweaxan ; (grow over), beweaxan harrying, hergung, hergaS
growth, waestm hart, heorot
grudge, of |>anca, inca harvest, rip, riptima, haerfest
guard, v., behealdan, healdan, war- haste, ofost with haste, ofstlice
;

ian hasten, eTstan, onettan, fundian ;

guardian, weard fysan (reflex.}

guardianship, weard hastily, recene, ricene
guest, gist, flettsittende hat, haet, haett
guidance, gewissung hate, hatung, hete
guide, gewissian, wisian hate, v., hatian, IdSian, feon
guild, gild hateful, IdS, IdSlic
guilt, gylt, scyld hater, hata
guilty, scyldig, forscyldigod hatred, anda, m'S
gut, gutt haughty, oferwlenced, ofermod
have, habban
H haven, haefen
hawk, hafoc
habit, gewuna, |>eaw hay, hfg, hdg
had, haefde hazel, h;esel
hail, hagol he, \\, se
hailstorm, hagolfa.ru head, hedfod, hafola
3 2 2
 HEADLAND HOSTILE

headland, naess hilt, hilt (often in pi.)

headless, heaTodleds him, dat., him ; ace., hine
head-man (leader), hedfodmann hinder, gelettan, w. ace. ofpers. and
heal, hselan gen. of thing; hremman (hin- ;

health, gesuridfullnis, haelo der from or in), dmirran, w. gen.

healthy, hdl, onsund, gesund, ge- of thing
sundfull, hdlwende hip (dog-rose), heope, hiope
heap, hea"p hip (thigh), hype
hearing, gehfrnis hire, hyrian, dhyrian
hearken, he"rcnian, hyrcnian his (own), sfn
heart, heorte, mod, hyge ; sefa, historian, J>eodwita, wyrdwritere
ferhS (poet.) historical, gewyrdelic
hearth, heorS history, stser
heat, haete, haetu hither, hider
heat, v., onhsetan hoard, hord
heath, hseS hoard, v. hordian
heathen, hseSen hoarfrost, hrim
heathendom, hseSenscipe hoarse, hds
heave, hebban hoary, hdr
heaven, heofon, heofone hold, healdan
heaven, kingdom of, heofonnce hold out (endure), J^olian
heavenly, heofonlic hole, hoi
heavy, hefig, swdr hollow, hwealf
hedge, haga holly, holegn
heed, giman, w.gen.; he'dan, w.gen. holy, hdlig
heel, hoh, hela home, hdm, card, cy"8, cySSu ;
at
height, he"hSu, hedhnis, hednnis home, aet him
^^//, hell, hellewite home-coming, hdmcyme
hell-fire, hellbryne homewards, hdmweard, hdm-
hell-gate, helldor weardes
helmet, helm honest, getreowe
help, help, fultum, frofor, dr, dugu?J, honestly, getre6wlice
rsed honey, hunig
, v., helpan, w. dat. or gen.; honour, dr, drweor?!nis, maeS, weorS-
fylstan,w. dat.; gelsestan, iv.dat.; mynt, wurSmynt, weorSscipe,
forstandan, w. dat.; gefultumian wurSscipe
helve, helf honour, v., a>ian, weorSian, wurS-
hemp, hanep, haenep ian, drweorSian, maeSigian
hen, henne honour, worthy of, drweorS
hence, heonan honourable, drweorSfull, weorSfull,
henceforth, heonan for5 wurSfull
her, ace. case, hi ; dat., hire honourably, weortJlice, wurSlice, dr-
herdsman, swdn, hirde weorSlice
here, hdr hood, hod
heretic, gedwolmann hoof, h6f
heritage, laT, irfe, irfeweardnis hook, hoc
hesitate, wandian, ildan hook (fish-hook), angel
hew, hedwan {hew down), dhedw-
; hop, hoppian
an hope, hopa, hyht
hidden, dime, digol hope, v., hopian, gehyhtan
hide, v., gehydan, beh^dan, helan hopeless of, orw^ne, w. gen.
hide (skin), hyd, fell horn, horn
hie, higian horse, mearg, mearh
hors, eoh ;

high, heah, hedlic (poet.), wicg (poet.)

hill, beorg, dun, hlsew, hlinc, munt, host (vast number), unrim, ungerim
hyll hostage, gisel
hill-side, hliS hostile, 1,-lS, ftg, hetol, wrdS, unhold
20
 HOSTILITY INTERCEDE FOR

hostility, faehS, wiSersac, unfriO imprudence, unwisdom

hot, hit impure, unsifre, wammfull
hotly, hdte in, in, prep.; on, prep. ; inn, adv.
hound, hund in exchange for, wiS, w. dat.
hour, tid in front of, togednes, w. dat.
house, bus, inn, botl in order that, to Saem Saet
household, hired in, to get, feolgan
householder, bonda, husbonda incense, re*cels
how, hu inch, ynce
however, hvvasSre, SedhhwaeSere, incite, dweccan, stihtan, onbryrdan,
swdSeah onbaernan
hue, hiw, bleoh incline, biigan, gebugan ; (intrans.),
^#*?, bright of, hiwbeorht onliitan
human, mennisc incline oneself (bow down], hildan,
humble, edftm6d reflex.
hitmble, v., geedSme'dan incomparably, unwitSmetenlice
humbly, edSmodlice increase, weaxan ; (trans.), geican
humiliate, gehinan, forbigan increase, s., edca
hundred, hund, hundteontig incredible, ungelffedlic, ungelffend-
hunger, hungor lic
/*#/, huntian incredibly, ungefneglice
hunter, hunta indeed, witodlice, eornestlice, huru
hunting, huntaS indescribable, undsecgendlic
husband, ceorl, wer indignation, niS
husbandry, tilung, teolung infirm, untrum
hustings, hasting infirmity, untrumnis, untrymnis
hymn, lofsang inflame, onselan, onbaernan, onhaet-
an
inhabit, warian
injure, wirdan, wyrdan, sceSSan,
7,ic derian
ice, is injurious, deriendlic
icicle, celegicel, fsgicel injury, hearm, dam, IdC, tedna,
idle, fdel byrst
idleness, idelnis injustice, unriht
idol, de6folgild, hearg inn, inn
idolater, deofolgilda, haetfengilda inner, innera
idolatry, haetfengild innermost, innemest
if,&f innocence, bilewitnis
ignominious, hednlic, huxlic innocent, bilewit, unscaeSSig, un-
ignominiously, bismerlice scyldig, unforworht
ignorance, nytennis innocently, bilewitlice
ignorant, nyten insignificance, wdcnis
/// (sick), mettrum, untrum, seoc inside, innan
///, to make, geuntrumian inspect, gehdwian
/'//, adv., yfele, yfle inspiration, onbryrdnis
illness, untrumnis, mettrumnis institute, gestaslan, staalan, settan
illuminate, onlfhtan instruct, tascan
ill-use,gehinan, misbeodan, tucian instruction, Idreowddm
image, onlfcnis insult, v., bismerian, bismrian,
immediately, recene, ricene scendan
immense, ormaete insult, s., hosp, hocor, bismer, teona
impel, fysan intelligence, andgit, gewitt
impending, onsaege intelligent, andgitfull
improper, ungerisenlic intend, gemyntan, }>encan, hogian
improve (become better], godian ; intense, ormaete
(make better), bdtan intercede for, )>ingian, '. dat.
 INTERCEPT LEAD

intercept, offaran kiss, s., coss

internal, inweard kitchen, cycene
interpret, gereccan kith, cyS
interpreter, wealhstdd knave ; see boy
into, int6, in, on, inn on knead, cnedan
intolerable, unaberendlic knee, cneow
invite, gelaSian knife, seax
involuntarily, ungewealdes knight j see boy
inward, inweard knit, cnyttan
inwardly, inweardlice knock, cnucian
iron, iren knock against, hnftan
iron, adj., fren, fsern knoll, cnoll
is, is knot, cnotta
island, (gland, icgaft, igeoS know, cnawan, gecnaVan, cunnan,
/'/, hit gecunnan, witan / know, ic
;

ivy, ifig wdt / know not, ic ndt

;

know, not to, nytan

J know assuredly, tocndwan
knowledge, craeft
jaw, ceafl
jeweller, gimmwyrhta
known, cut?, gecndwen
known, to make, cySan
join, gefdgan
journey, sift,siSfast, faer, faru
journey, v., siftian
joy, bliss, bliSnis, wynn, hyht, mirgft,
labour, geswinc
dredm, gliw, willa
lack, onsin
joyfully, wynnum, hyhtlice
ladder, hlaeder
joyless, wynnleds hladan
lade,
judge, de"ma, de"mend
lady, hla^fdige
judge, v., gede"man
dom lair, leger
judgment,
lake, lagu, mere
just, riht
lamb, lamb
justice, gerihte
lame, lama
K lament, heofian, gnornian, rdrian
lamentation, heofung, gnornung
keel; see ship lamp, leohtfast
keen (bold), ce'ne land, land ; (native), e^el
keep, healdan, behealdan ; cdpan language, sprsec, gereord, ge>e6de
kernel, cyrnel lank, hlanc
kettle, cetel, cytel lap, bearm
key, cseg larboard, baacbord
kill, cwellan, dcwellan, dcwilman, lark, Idwerce
ddidan, afillan, bewegan, forweg- last, ytemest, latest
an, forspillan, hedwan, geheaw- last (to endure}, laestan
an late, adv., late, siS
kin, cynn Latin, Iseden
kind, hold laugh, hlihhan
kind (nature), gecynd laughter, hleahtor
kindly, cirlice law, gerihte, gesetnis, lagu ; (of
kindness, mannjwa^rnis God), 3e
kindred, cynren lawfully, lahlice
king, cyning, drihten,dryhten,weald- lay, lecgan
end frea (poet.}
; lay down, dlecgan
kingdom, cynedom, cynerice, rice lay low (make to sink), gesa=gan
kinsman, mgeg lay waste, dwdstan,
kinswoman, mage layman, lay, Icewed
kiss, cyssan lead, Isedan
 LEAD LYING
lead (metal], ledd lineage, strenge
leader, heretoga, folctoga, healdend, linen, s., 1m ^'., linen
;

hedfodmann, raeswa (poet.} // (ring), hlence

leaf, leaf lion, leo
leaky, hlece /z/>, lippa
lean, adj., hlaene list (edge of cloth}, list

lean, v., hlaenan listen, gehlystan

leap, hledpan lithe, Kfte
leap up, dhledpan /////^, lytel
learn, leornian learn by enquiry,
; little,adv., lyt, lythwon
gefrignan, gedxian little one, lytling
learned, gelsered, wis live, libban
learner, leornere livelihood, bigleofa
learning, leornung, Idr liver, lifer
least, laest lo! Id!
leather, leSer load, v., hladan, gehlaestan
leave, Isefan ; (behind), laetan loaf, hlaf
leave, s., ledf loam, Mm
lee (shelter), hleow /^a, laen
leech (physician), laece loathe, IdSian, hatian
leek, ledc loathsome, Ids
legion, werod lobster, lopystre
lend, Khan, laenan /<?^, v., liican
Lent (spring), lencten lock of hair, locc
less, laessa, adj.; laes, adv. lodge, innian
-less (suffix), -lea's lofty, stedp, uplic
lessen, trans, and intrans., gelyt- long, lang
lian long, adv., langlice
lest, Sy" laes Se long ago, gefirn
let, laetan, forlsetan ; let us, uton, long-lasting, langsum
iv. inf. look, locian, wlitan
letter, aerendgewrit loose (loosen], forlaetan, dli'san, on-
letters (writings'), stafas, pi. windan, onlatan
lewd (ignorant], laewed loquacity, oferspraec
lick, liccian lord, hldford, helm, onwealda ;
lid, hlid hearra, fred (poet}', (the Lord],
lie (tell lies], leogan dryhten
lie (lie down], licgan, gelicgan ; (lie lordly, dryhtlic
in wait for], saetan lore, Idr
lief,Ie6f lose, ledsan, forleosan, beleosan,
life, Iff, gdst, blsed, feorh, ealdor, w. instr.
sdwul loss, lyre
life-days, lifdagas (pi.} lost, to be, losian
lifeless, ealdorleds, sdwulleas, or- lot, hlot
siwle loud, hlud
lift,hebban, dhebban loudly, hlude
light, s., Ie6ht louse, lus
light (of weight], leoht lout (to bow down), lutan
light (of brightness], leoht love, lufe, lufu, myne, liss
lighten (make lighter], gelihtan love, v., lufian
like, gelic, w. dat. ; onlfc lover, freond
likeness, onlicnis, gelicnis low (as a cow},
hlowan
likewise, swd same lukewarm, wlaec
limb, lim, liS, gesceap lurk, liitian
lime (for mortar], lim lust, lust
litne-tree, lind -ly, -lie, -lice
(for -lie, -lice)
linden-tree or wood, lind lying (act nf}, leger
 MAD MIRACLE

meal (repast), gereordung, mael

M meal (flour), melu
mad, w6d meal, to take a, sneedan
madness, wodnis mean (insignificant), wdc, w^clic ;

magistrate, ealdormann (disgraceful), hean

maiden, masgden, maeden mean (to intend), msenan
mail, coat of, herebyrne, herenett, meanwhile, betwux Sisum
heresirce, liSusirce measure, gemet
main maegen
(strength), measure, v., metan
majority, heafodgerim meat, mete
make, macian, scippan, wyrcan mediation, Jingung
maker, wyrhta mediator, forespreca
male, wsepnedmann medicine, lijecedom
male-child, hysecild meditate, )>encan
malefactor, wearg meed (reward), mdd
mallow, mealwe meet, gemdtan
malt, mealt meeting, gemot
man, mann, manna, ceorl, guma, melody, swdg, swinsung, hleoSor
wer, secg, scealc, magu, esne ; melt,meltan
also, eorl, rinc, aefteling (poet.) member, lim
manhood (state of being a man), memorable, pancwirSe
menniscnis memory, myne, gemynd
manifold, manigfeald men, men also firas, niSas,
; ilde
mankind, manncyn (all poet.) ;
see man
manner, wise mend, gebe"tan
manners (morality), J>edwas, pi. merciful, milde, mildheort
many, manig fela, w. gen.
; mercy, mildheortnis, milts, milts-
mar (to spoil), merran ung, dr
march, steppan mere (lake), mere, lago
mare, mere merit, earnung, gewyrht
mark, mircels (ornament),
;
rnsel mermaid, merewif
mark out, gemearcian merry, merg, blfSe
marriage, gifta (pi.) ; ae message, gebodscipe, aerende
marrow, mearh messenger,boda, aarendraca, dr,byd-
marry, wifian geaewnian, w. dat.
; el
marsh, mersc methinks, md >yncS
marten, mearft mid, adj., midde
martyr, martyr middle, middel
martyr, v., gemartyrian midge, mycg
martyrdom, martyrdom midnight, middeniht
marvel, wundor might, miht, meaht
marvellous, wundorlic mighty, mihtig, Jearlmod
mass (Lat. missd), ma^sse mass- ; mild, milde, smylte
priest, maessepreost mile, mil, milgemearc
massive, gret milk, meolc
mast (of ship), masst, segelgird mill, mylen
mate (companion), gemaca mind, mod, ge>anc, sefa, modsefa,
maternal, modorlic gewittloca, gehyge, hyge, hreSer;
matins, uhtsang ferhS (poet.)
mature, to become, gen'pian mindful, gemyndig, gemun
maw, maga mine, mm
may (to be able), mugan ; pres. ic mingle, mengan
masg; pret. ic mihte; (may be ministration, >egnung, >enung
allowed), motan ; pres. ic mot, minster, mynster
pret. ic moste mint (plant), minte
me, me", mec mint (for money), mynet
mead 'drink), medn, meodu miracle, tacen
 MIRKY NEITHER

mirky, myrce, ]>e6stre movement, power of ,

f^Se
mirth, mirgfl mow, mdwan
mischief, anda, yfel, unraed much, unlytel ; micle, TV. compara-
misdeed, misdaed tives
miser, gitsere multitude, menigu, heap, worn ;

misery, wracu, wrasc, irmftu (host) duguS

misfortune, ungelimp, ungesaelS, laS munificence, gumcyst
mishap, ungelimp murder, morS, morSor, mortJdaed,
mist, mist, genip cwalu, siege, mannsliht
mistletoe, mistelta'n murderer, bana, cwellere, morSor-
misty, grow, genipan wyrhta, mannslaga
mixed, geblanden murmur, murcnian ; (murmur at},
moderate (small), msete, medmicel bemurcian
moderate, v., gemetgian must, I, ic sceal ; cf. ic m6ste
moderation, gemetgung mutter, clumian
moisture, waeta, stedm my, min
mole (a spot], mal myrrh, myrre
moment, in a, bearhtme mystery, run
monastery, mynster
monastic, mynsterlic, munuclic N
monastic orders, munuchad
Monday, monan-dseg nail, naegel
money, feoh, feo, sceatt nail, v., naeglian
money-changer, mynetere naked, nacod
moneyless, feohleas name, nama
monger (chapman}, mangere name, v., genamian, genemnan ;

monk, munuc, mynstermann (call by name), hdtan

monster, aglaaca, elwiht nap (to slumber), hnaeppian
month, monaC narrate, reccan, dwritan
mood; mind
see narrative, racu, spell, gesetnis
moon, mona narrow, nearu, enge, smael
moor, mor narrowly, nearulice
morality, sidu nation, ]>eod, J>e6dscipe, leodscipe,
more, mdra adv.,; md ;
much maegS, dryht, dryhtfolc
more, micle swiftor native, landbuende
morning, morgen, morgentfd ; (ear- native land, cy$, cy^JSu, ^Sel
ly) uhte nature, gecynd
morsel, snaed naught, ndwiht
mortal, deddlic nave (of a wheel), nafu
moss, meos near, nedh, ne"h ; gehende, w. dat.
most, maest; most of all, eallra nearly, wel
swiSost nearly every, gewelhwilc
moth, moSSe neat (cattle}, nedt
mother, modor necessary, nfdbe>earf
motion, si'S necessity, nfd, nfd]>earf
mould (earth), molde neck, heals, sweora ; hnecca
mound, hlaed, hlaew need, nfd, nfd>earf, >earf
mountain, beorg, munt need, v., J>urfan, w. gen.
mountain-stream, firgen-stre^m. need, I, ic )>earf, a/, gen.
\Firgen only occurs in com- needle, na=dl
pounds.] needy (in want), )>earfende
mourn, meornan, gnornan neglect, forlaetan, forgfman
mourning, gnornung neigh, hnaegan
mouse, mus neighbourhood, neaVist, nedwest
mouth, mu$ ;(of a river], muSa neither, nlhwaeSer, n^hwaeSer, n w-
move, styrian, dstyrian, hreran ;
Cer ; neither.,. nor, nd\vt5er ne...
(intrant.}, waeian ne

CAMPBELL
COLLECTION
 NESS OVER
ness (headland}, naess occupy (a country}, gesittan, geri'd-
nest, nest an
net, nett ocean, brim, holm, geofon, gdrsecg
netherj see downwards odour, stenc
nettle, netele, netle of, of
never, naefre off, of
new, niwe offer, gebeddan; (offer sacrifice},
next, adv., set ne'hstan offrian
nigh, nedh offering, Idc
night, niht office, ambiht
night, by, nihtes officer, gereYa
nightingale, nihtegale offspring, ofspring
nightly, nihtlic often, oft, gelome, gelomlice, ge-
nine, nigon neahhe
ninety, hundnigontig oh! edld
ninth, nigoSa oil, die
no, nd, nese; no one, ndn, nsenig >/</, eald, unorne gamol
; (poet.}
nobility, aeSelu old age, ildu
, s., asSeling on, on, uppon, ofer
<?, aeftele, >ry$lic, torht, torhtmod, once, dne siSe ; at once, recene,
indryhten ricene
nobly, weorSlice, wurSlice one, dn (indef. pron.}, man
;

noise, gebraec, breahtm one of six, sixa sum

noise, to make a, hlydan <?/j/, dnga -not only, nd &et dn
none (no one], ndn onslaught, guSrses, beadurses
noon, non onwards, gegnum
north, norS, norSdsel 0/#, -z/., openian, ont^nan, onlucan ;

north, from the, norftan (forcibly], toslftan

north of, be norSan, w. dat. open, open
northern, norSern openly, openlice
northward, norSeweard, norSweard, opinion, dom
norSweardes opportunity, rum
nose, nosu opposite to, wiS, w. <//.
not, nd, ne; neither... nor, ne...ne; opposition, wiftersasc
~not at all, nawiht, nealles, oppress, gehefgian, ge>ryscan
ndlaes, mid ndnum fingum ; or, oSSe
not only, nd Saet da orator, >yle
nothing, ndwiht order, endebyrdnis
nourish, fe'dan ornament, hyrst, gere"ne, wraett ;

now, nu ; now that, nu (pi.}, fraetwa

nowhere, ndhwaer ornamental, wraettlic
nun, nunne, mynecen other, 6Ser
nut, hnutu otherwise, elles
otter, otor

O otter, belonging to an, yteren

ought, v., dhte
oak, dc our, ure
oats, dte out, ut, lite
oar, dr <?/ <y, lit of
oath, dS outer, litera, uttera
obedience, gehirsumnis outlaw, utlah
0&y, gehirsumian, w. afe/.y folgian, outlawed, fdg
fyligan outside, ut, utan, utane, lite
obstinacy, fweorhnis outside, adj., uteweard, utanweard
obtain, begitan, geraecan outside of, witJutan, w. dat.; buton
occasion, cirr, ssel, mael oven, ofen
occupied, pp., dbysgod over, ofer
26
 OVERCOME POETRY

overcome, ofercuman, oferwinnan, peril, >earf, fier

oferswfSan
overlaid (with gold], begoten
overrun (a country), gefaran,
gan
overthrow, ofweorpan
overturn, onwendan
owl, ule
own, v., agan
own, adj., agen, swses
ox, oxa
pain, weorc, sarnis, oncyS, angsum-
nis
painful, angsum
paint (draw}, amsetan, atifran
pale, bide
pallor, blacung
palm-twig, palmtwig
pan, panne
parents, ildran
park, pearruc
part, dsel
partly, be sumum daele
partner, hlytta
pass (one's life), adreogan
passage, ofeffsereld
passion, hatheortnis
passionate, hdtheort
Path, pasS, stfg, gelad
patience, gefyld
patient, ge>yldig
patriarch, heahfaeder
pavilion, geteld, traaf
pay, gildan
Pay for, gebdtan
payment, sceatt
peace, griS, freod, frift, sibb
peaceful, sibbsum, gesibbsum
peace-oath, friSaft
pebble, papolstan
peel, screadian
penetrate, ]>urh)>yrelian, J>urhwadan
penny, pening, penig
People, >eod, cneoris, folc
PL
people, belonging to the, folcisc
pepper, pepor
perceive, ongitan, gefre"dan
perfect, fullfremed
perfect, v., fullfremman
perform, fremian, w. ace., fremman,
aefnan, raefnan, gelsestan,
begin
perhaps, huru
period, first, stund, ildu
perish, fonveorSan, forsi'Sian, losian
ofer- perjured, forsworen, forlogen
perjurer, manswara
perjury, aSbryce
permission, ledf, ge>afung
persecute, ehtan, oferfolgian
persecution, ehtnis, hete
persecutor, ehtere, hata, cirichata
person, mann
persuade, tyhtan
perverse, wohlic, ]>weorh, wiSer-
weard
perversity, {>weorhnis
pestilence, steorfa
philosopher, liSwita
physician, laace
piece, stycce
pierce, >yrlian, stingan, >urhdrifan
pierced, >yrel
piercing, J>yrelung
piety, sefaestnis
pine, v., pinan
pious, aefasst, godfyrht
pirate, wicing, saemann, seerinc,
brimmann, brimlfSend
pit, pytt, seaS
pitch, pic
pitcher, ore
pith, piSa
pity, v., ofhreowan, miltsian, arian
pity, milts, miltsung, ar
place, v., stellan, asettan, gelogian
place, steall, stede, stow
plain, wang, mearc
plant, s., plant, wyrt
plant, v., plantian
play, plega
play, v., plegian, lican
pleasant, wynnlic, wynnsum, he6re,
getaese
please, lician, gelfcian, w. dat.
pleased with, oflyst, w. gen.
pledge, wedd
plight (danger), pliht
leoda,
; plot, v., sinvan
plough, v., erian
pluck, pluccian
plunder, v., berfpan, w. gen.; rfpan,
reafian
plunder, hviS, reafung
plunderer, reafere
poem, sang
de6gan, Poet, sc6p
poetry, leoSsang (art
; of), sang-
craeft
 POINT QUELL
point, ord promise, gehat
poison, tor, dttor, unlybba promise, v., behatan
poisonous, atorbaere, setren, aettren proof (sign), b^hS
pomp, prass property, agen, seht, feoh, feo, ar
poor, earm, unspe'dig, wanspe'dig, prophecy, witegung
hean prophesy, wftegian
poor, to be, waedlian prophet, witega, wftga
poor man, waadla, Jearfa prophetess, witegestre
pope, ppa proportion, ondefn, andefn
Port, port prosper, spowan, impers. w. dat.
possess, agan, gedgan, healdan, ge- prosperity, edd, sasl
wealdan, romigan (w. gen.) prosperous, eadig
possessions, sehta (pi), gestre6n protect, gebeorgan, mundbyrdan,
possessor, weard werian, gescildan, friSian, griSian
post, post protection, griS, gescildnis, mund,
pound, pund mundbyrd
pour out, geotan, dgeotan protector, helm, mundbora, vveriend,
poverty, waedl, irmSu gehola
power, miht, meaht, geweald, on- proud, modlic, mddig, ofermod,
weald, crasft wlanc, hedlic
priit,
powerful, rice, craeftig proverb, bigspell
praise, herung, lof Proverbs, book of, bigspellboc
praise, v., herian, dfran, dyran provide, tilian, w. gen. of thing and
pray, gebiddan, reflex, dat. ofperson
pray for, biddan, w. ace. of pers. provided that, witJ SeSm
and gen. of thing provisions, nest; (for a journey],
prayer, be"n, gebed wegnest
preach, bodian, TV. dat. prudence, snotornis
preaching, bodung prudent, gleaw, gledwhydig, ferhS-
precious, deore, d^re gledw, snotor
predict, foresecgan psalm, sealm
prepare, gearcian, gearwian, girwan, psalmist, sealmscop, sealmwyrhta
ongirwan psalter, sealtere
present, adj., and weard public, sebere
preserve, nerian publicly, openlice
press (throng), J>ringan pull, teon, bregdan
press hard, genearwian punish, wrecan, J>rdfian
pretend, licettan punishment, wfte, wracu, morSor
prevail, ricsian, rfxian purchase, s., ceap
prevent, forwirnan purchase (obtain), gewrixlian
price, weortJ, wurS pure, unwemme, claane, hlutor, hliitt-
prick, prician or, sifre
pride, pry"te, mod, modignis, hyge, purify, claensian, gefaelsian
gilp, basic, gal, gaelsa, galscipe, purity, claannis
oferhygd, oferm^de, ofermetto, purple, adj., paellen
ofermod push, sciifan, dsciifan, bescufan
priest, preost, sacerd put on, on don
prince, asSeling, ealdor, brego ; also put to sleep, dswebban
fengel, >engel, bealdor, leod, peod-
en (poet.)
prison, cweartern, cluster
Q
prisoner, rsepling quake, cwacian
proceed, fdran quarrel, v., fli'tan
proclaim, acy"San quarter (direction), ende
produce, forSbringan, tydran quean, cwe'n
progeny, tuddor, tudor, tedm queen, cw^n
progress, forSgang quell, cwellan
28
 QUENCH RESOUND

quench (fire}, acwencan recovery (from trouble}, wirpe

question, v., befrignan red, redd
quick, arod, snell; (living, alive), redeem, lisan, dlfsan
cwic reed, hreod
quicken (vivify), geh'ffaestan reek (vapour}, rdc
quickly, hraSe, hraedlice, snude, ard- re-establish, geedstaSelian
lice, timlice reflect, smedgan, smean bej'encan,
;

quiet, s., stillnis reflex.

quoth, cwaeS refuse, forsacan, sceorian
refute, alecgan
R region, landscipe
reign, ricsian, rixian
race (kin), cynn, mennisc (lineage), ; reindeer, hrdn
strenge (progeny), tedm
; reject, dcweSan
race (as in mill-race), raes rejoice, faegnian, gefeohan, gebliss-
raid, rdd ian
rain, regen related, gesibb
rain, shower of, regenscur relationship, sibb
rain, v., rinan relative, s., sibbling
raise, hebban ; (raise up\ dhebban relax, intr., t6sliipan
rake, s., raca, race release, lisan, dli'san
ram, ramm, romm ; (pattering- relinquish, ofgifan, oflsetan
ram}, ramm remain, restan, lifan, belifan, set-
rampart, weall standan
rank, s., aeftelu, gebyrd, hdd, ge- remains, Mf
fyngtto, ge>yncS remedy, bot
rank, of high, weorS, wirtJ remember, gemyngian ; gemunan
rank, adj., ranc (poet.}
ransom, dlisan remind, gemyngian
rare, seldctiS, sellic remove, dfirran
rash, wanh^dig rend, hrendan
rather (sooner), hraSor ; he would render, dgifan
rather, him leofre wses renew, geniwian, geedniwian
ravage, hergian, forhergian, ofer- reparation, b6t
hergian, (San repent, hreowsian, behredwsian,
ravaging, forhergung da=db^tan repent of (be sorry
;

raven, hraefn for), ofyyncan, impers., w. dat.

raw, hredw ofpers. and gen. of thing
ray of light, leoma, scima repents, it, hreoweS
reach, gersecan repentance, hreowsung, daedbot
read, raedan, drsdan represent, getdcnian
reading, raedung reproach, aetwftan, w. dat. ofpers.
ready, gearc, gearo, fiis ; ready to reproach, s., edwit
depart, siSes fus reproval, >redgung, >redung, ^edp-
reap, ripan ung, }>redtung
reaper, rfpere reprove, >rdfian, fr^apian, J;redt-
rear, draeran ian, >redgan, >ren
receive, onfdn, w. gen., ace., or request, b^n
instr.; underf6n (food], picgan
; requital, witJerledn
reck, r^can, meornan requite, gildan, forgildan, geledn-
reckless, r^celeds ian
reckon, recenian, tellan rescue, hreddan, dhreddan
reconcile, gesdman resist, forstandan wiSsettan,
; it).

record, gemynd dat., wiSstandan, w. dat.

recover (rescue), hreddan resolute, dnrsed
recover (from disease}, gewirpan, resolution, dnraednis
gewyrpan resound, hlimman
29
 RESPITE SAFE

respite, first robbery, rearlac, stalu, strudung

rest, rest robe, reaf, hrsegl, girla, wsed, ge-
rest, v., restan wsede
restless, unstille, waefre rock, clud, stein
restore, eft agifan rocky, cliidig
restrain oneself, stfran, re/I. rod, gird
resurrection, serist roe, rd
retainer, mann, maguj>egn, hfred- roll, wealwian, wealcan ; intrans.
mann, hiremann, geselda, dryht- windan
guma rood, rod
retainers, body of, folgoS, dryht, roof, hrof
duguS rook, hroc
retreat, wiSertrod room, rum
return, eftsiS roomy, rum
return, v., cirran, reflex.; gehwirfan, roost (hen-roost], hrost
intrans. root, wyrt, wyrtruma
reveal, onhlidan, geopenian root up, awyrtwalian
revelation, onwrigennis rope, rap, sal
revenge, wracu rose, rose
reverence, maaS r0/, rotian
revile, leahtrian rough, hreoh, hreo, unsm^Se
reward, me"d, lean, edledn, wiSer- round about, ymbutan
lean row, s. (order], raw
reward, i>., gelednian row, v., rowan row round, be-
;

rhyme, rim rowan

rib, ribb royal, cynelic ; royalfamily, cyne-
rich, rice, eddig, spddig, welig cynn
riches, wela (often in pi. welan) ; rue, hreowan
spe"d, blsed ruin, v., amirran
rid, hreddan ruined, forloren
riddle, rsedels rule, ncsian, rixian, wealdan, raedan
ride, ridan rule (dominion}, onweald (of con-
;

rider, ridda duct), regol

ridge, hrycg ruler, raedend, wealdend
right (hand or side], swiSre rules, breach of, regolbryce
right, riht, adj. and sb. rules,according to, regollice
righteous, rihtwis, rihtlic, rihtwislic ruminate, eodorcan
righteousness, rihtwisnis run, hleapan, irnan, beirnan, aern-
rightly, rihte, rihtlice an ;
run aground (of ships],
rim, rima cisittan
rime, hrim run away, asthleapan
rind, rind rune, run
ring, bring, beag rush, raes
ripe, ripe rush, v., raesan
ripe, to become, geripian rust, rust
rise, risan rise high,
;
hlifian ; ruth, hreowS
rise as dust, stincan rise up, ;

upastigan ; (raise oneself},.rv-

an, reflex.
rising (of the sun), upgang sack, sacc, saecc
risk, gene"San, w. instrum. sacrifice, lac
river, ea, 6, stream sacrifice, v., offrian, blotan
river-bank, eastaeS sad, sar, sarig, sarlic, geomor, breo\v,
road, weg, strset ; see raid hreo, unrot, dreorig
roar, rarian saddle, sadol
rod, reafian sadness, dreorignis, unrotnis
robber, reafere safe (unbetrayed], unswicen
 SAFETY SHEAR

safety, gebeorg seldom, seldon

sagacious, gescdchvfs self, self
sagaciously, gescddwislice cipan, c^-pan, becedpian
sell, sellan,

sagacity, gescadwisnis send, sendan, asendan send for, ;

sail, segel ofsendan ; sendforth, onsendan,

sail, v., seglian laetan
sailor, lidmann, flota, flotmann sense, andgit
saint, halga, sanct separate, syndrig
sake, intinga ;for his sake, for his separate, v., totwseman separate ;

ffingum ; and see strife from, getwaefan, w. gen.

sallow, salu sepulchre, Hcrest, moldaern
salmon, leax serf, )>rael
salt, s. and adj., sealt sermon, Idrspell
salute, hdlettan serpent, wyrm
salve anoint], sealfian
(to servant, ]>egen, j^eow, ]>e6\va, cnapa,
same, self; the same, ilca; and see ambihtscealc
similarly servant (female), Si'nen, Seowen
sanctuary, place of, friSstow, hdlig- serve, >r6wian, ]>e6wan; J>egnian,
nis w. dat.
sand, sand service, >e6wotdom, J>egenscipe,)>eg-
sap, saep nung, ]>^nung
Saturday, sasternesdaeg servile, cirlisc
save, nerian, dhreddan, gebeorgan serving-man, >egnungmann
saviour, haelend, nergend servitude, }>e6wot, J>eowd6m
saw (a saying), sagu, cwide set, settan ;
set down, settan ;
set
say, secgan, cweSan, gecweffan forth (write), gesettan ; (to place),
saying, cwide, sagu dstellan
scarcely, unedtte, earfoSlice settle (people), gesettan ; (intrans.),
scathe, sceSftan sittan
scatter abroad, stre*dan seven, seofon
science, lar sevenfold, seofonfeald
scrape, scafan seventh, seofoSa
scribe, bocere seventy, hundseofontig
scripture, gewrit severe, swiS, swMic, stiS, stiSlic,
sea, sse,mere, mereflod, flot, holm J>earl, hefig, strang
sea-bird, brimfugol severely, >earle, >earllice, straeclice,
seal (animal], seolh, seol uns6fte
seam, sedtn sew, siwian
sear (to wither up], forsedrian shade, scua
seat, st61, setl shadow, scadu, sceadu, scua
second, offer shaft, sceaft (handle), helf
;

secret, dime, dfgol shake, scacan, sceacan, dscacan,

secretly, dfgollice cweccan, dcweccan ; (wag), wag-
secular, woruldcund ian
secure (fasten), befaestan shake off" (sleep), t6b redan
secure, fasst shall, I, ic sceal
security, fasstnung, waer shame, scamu
sedge, secg shamefully, bismerlice
sedition, stric shank, sceanc, sceanca, scanca
seduce, forspanan shape, scippan
see, geseon, scedwian (perceive),
; share, scearu
ongitan see over, oferseon
;
sharp, scearp, scearplic, heard
seed, ssed sharpness, scearpnis
seek, se*can, feccan shave, scafan
seem, )>yncan, impers., w. dat. she, heo (cf. seo)
seethe, seoffan sheaf, scedf
seize, fon, befon, niman, gelaecan shear, sceran
 SHEATH SLIPPERY

sheath, sceaS sight, gesihS

shed, geotan ; shed tears, ageotan ; sign, tdcen, beacen
(separate}, sceadan signification, getacnung
shedding of blood, gyte signify, getdcnian, secgan
sheep, sceap silent, to be, swigian ; sometimes w.
sheep-fold, sce"pen gen.
sheer; see bright silk, seolc
sheet, sceat sill, syll
shell, scell silly (cf. A.S. gescelig, happy]
shelter, hle6, sceat silver, seolfor; made of, silfren
shepherd, hirde similarly, swa same
shew, e"wan, eowan, aeteowan, ge- simple, bilewit
tacnian simplicity, bilewitnis
shield, scild, bord (poet.}, lind,
; simply, bilewitlice
rand sin, v., syngian, agyltan, scyldgian
shield (protect}, ymbbeorgan sin, synn, scyld, gylt
shilling, scilling since, siSSan, Saes iSe, nii
shin-bone, scinban sincere, inweard
shine, scinan, blican, lixan sinful, synfull, forsyngod
ship, scip, ceol, sesc, lid, mereheng- sing, singan, galan, asmgan, agalan
est single, anlipe
ships, to provide with, gescipian sink, sigan, dsfgan ; (causal), senc-
shire, scir an
shoal (offish}, scolu sinner, gyltend
shoe, sco sister, sweostor, swustor ; pi. ge-
shoot, sceotan ;
shoot through, sweostor
Jmrhsceotan sit, sittan
shooter, sceotend six, six
shooting, scyte sixth, sixta
shore, staeS, ofer, strand sixty, sixtig
short, sceort size, micelnis
shot (arrow}, gesceot skilful, fr6d
shot (reckoning}, gesceot skilfully, listum
should, I, ic sceolde, ic scolde skill, craeft, list, searu
shoulder, eaxl, sculdor skin, fell
shove, scufan, asctifan sky, swegel ; (poet.}, rodor
shower, sciir (of rain}, regenscur
; slack, sleac
shred, screadian slander, hoi
shrew-mouse, screawa slaughter, siege, sleaht, wael, wa?l-
shrift, scrift sleaht, waelsliht, fill ; slaughter,
shrine, scrfn greedy for, waelgifre
shrink up, forscrincan slave, >eow
shrive, scrifan slay, slean, ofslean, fillan
shroud, scrud slaying, sliht
shun, onscunian sleep, sleep, swefen, swefn
shut, scyttan sleep, slaepan, onslaapan, swefan,
shuttle (cf. A.S. scyttel, a bolt, bar) hnaeppian ;fiut to sleep, asweb-
sick, seoc, mettrum ban
sicken, gesiclian sleeplessness, slsepleast
side, side, healf; on this side of, slide, slidan(Somner}
beheonan, w. dat.; on all sides, slight, gehwaede
Eeghwanon ; -from all sides, ge- slightly, hwonlice
hwanon slime, slim
sieve, sife sling, liSere
sift, siftan slink, slincan
sigh, sican slip off, awindan
sighing, sfcetung slippery, slipor
 SLIT- STARE

slit, slitan south part,

sloe, sla(Lye) southward, adj., suSeweard
slope, hlinian southwards, suS
sloth, dsolcennis sovereignty, ealdord6m
slow, slaw, last, saene sow, sawan, sprengan
slumber, slumerian (Lye) sower, sdwere
small, smael, msete, medmicel space, r^met; (of time\ faac, first
smear, smerian spacious, rum, ginn
smirk, smercian spare, sparian
smite, smitan spark, spearca
smith, smift sparrow, spearwa
smithy, smiSfte speak, sprecan, specan, cweSan,
smock, smocc maelan, maSelian, hleoSrian
s'moke, v., smeocan spear, spere, gar, franca, daroS,
smoke, prosm, re"c waelsteng; (poet.\ aesc; spear-
smooth, sme"$e point, ord
snail, snaegl spear-shaft, asscholt
snake, snaca, nsedre special, synderlic
snatch, gegrfpan specially, synderlice
sneak (to creep], snican speech, spraec, maal, cwide, cwide-
snow, sndw gidd
so, swa ;
so much, to Sasm, to fces speechless, cwideleas
soap, sape speed (success], sp^d
sock, socc spellj see narrative
sodden, soden ; see seetJte spend, forspendan
soft, softe, hnesc spew, spiwan
soften, geliSian, gehnescian, onwaec- spillj see destroy
an spin, spinnan
softly, softe, hnesclice spindle, spindel
softness, hnescnis spirit, gst
same, sum, nathwilc; some one, sum spiritual, gcistlic
something, hwaethwegu spit, spittan, spyttan
sometimes, hwflum, J^ragum splendid, wrasttlic
somewhat, hwaet, hwon, hwdne splendidly, wraettlice
son, sunu, masg, maga, magu sponsor, godsibb
song, sang, gidd, leo<5 sport, v., laxan
soon, sona, hraedlic, lungre.; as spread abroad, intrans., aspringan
soon as, sona swd spring (Lent), lencten
sooth (true, truth}, sd5 spring, springan
sooth, in, to so5e spring forth, onspringan
sore, sar, adj. and sb. spring up, aspringan
sorely, sdre sprinkle, sprengan
sorrow, sorg, s4r sprinkle over, geondsprengan
sorrow, -u., sorgian spurn, spurnan (Somner), spornettan
sorrowful, sorgfull square, feowerscite
sorry, sarig stab, >^dan ;
stab to death, ofsting-
soul,sdwul an
sound, s., son, hleoSor, sweg, staff, staef
bearhtm stain, wamm
sound (healthy), gesund, onsund stained, fdg, fdh
sound (unhurt), gesund, gesundfull stake, staca, stocc, steng
sound of the sea, sund stall (for cattle), steall, sce*pen
soundness (health), onsundnis stand, standan (up),
;
astandan ;

sour, siir (still], dSstandan

south, from the, suOan star, steorra, tungol
south wiS suSan, w.
of, ace. starboard, steorbord
southern, suOerne stare, starian

33
 STARK SWALLOW
stark (severe, rough), stearc strew, stredwian
starve; see die strife, strfS, gewinn, sacu
state (condition), had strike, slean ; (off}, ofasledn ; (down},
stature, waestm geslean
stay (remain}, wunian strip of, bestrfpan, w. gen.
stead, stael, stede stroke, sweng, dynt
steadfast, stedefaest stroke, v., strkcian
steal, stelan strong, strang, stranglic, strenglic,
steal along (move noiselessly), be- stiS, trum, swf5, dyhtig, J>yhtig,
stelan >ry3lic ; (poet.}, eacen
steam, stedm subject, v., underj>eodan
steed, stdda subjection, underj^eodnis
steel, stfl succeed (prosper}, spowan, impers.
steep, step w. dat.
steeple, stdpel, sty"pel success, forSgang, spdd
steer, stiran successor, aeftergenga
stem (trunk}, stemn such, swilc, Silc
stench, stenc such a one, swilc
step, steppan stick... as, swilc... hwilc

sterility, unwaestm suck, sucan

stern, adj., stirne, stirnmdd suckle, gesycan
stick, stocc suddenly, fasringa, faerlice
stiff, stiS suffer (endure}, >olian; (feel pain],
stile, stfgel ]>rowian, cwilmian; (allow}, ge-
still, adj., stille ; adv., git, nu git, >dfian
Sa git, forS stiffering, ]?rowung
stillness, stillnis suffice, genyhtsumian
sting, stingan suffices, it, geneah
stink, stincan, reocan sitfficiency, genyhtsumnis
stir, styrian, hrdran sufficient, genyhtsum
stirrup, stigrap suit, v., gedafenian
stock (stick], stocc suitable, gerisenlic, gelimplic, ddflic
stone, stan sully, besylian
stone, made of, stsenen sulphur, swefl
stone to death, oftorfian sulphurous, sweflen
stone-wall, stanweall summer, sumor
stony, stseniht summon, bannan, gelangian, gelaS-
stool j see seat ian, ofsendan, stefnian
storm, storm, unweder, hrftJ sun, sunne
storm, v., styrman sunbeam, sunnbedm
story, spell, stabr Sunday, sunnandaeg
stout-hearted, swfSm6d sunderj see apart
straight on, on gerihte sundry, syndrig
strand, strand sup, siipan
strand beebbian
(a ship}, supply (stock), onsteall (material},
;

strange, fremde, elfremede, aelfrem- feorm

ede, sellic; (unrelated to}, un- support, aberan
gesibb surface, brerd (of the earth}, scedt
;

straw, stredw surge, brimwilm, ytJ

stream, stredm surround, begdn, behringan, be-
street, straet windan (ride round), beridan
; ;

strength, strengu, maegen, J>rySu, (a town), utan besittan

J>rymm, eafoS survey, sceawian
strengthen, trymian, trymman surveying, sceawung
strengthening, trymmung sustenance, bigwist, bigleofa, fostor
stretch, streccan, J>enian; astreccan swain, swdn
(reflex.} swallow (bird}, swealwe, swalewe
34
 SWALLOW THOUGHTFUL
swallow, swelgan, w. instrum. terrible, gryrelic, atol
swan, swan territory, e"$el
swarm, swearm terror, gryre, broga, <5ga
swarthy, sweart test, cunnian, gecunnian, dfandian
swear, aswerian testimony, gewitnis
sweat, swat than, Sonne, w. comparatives
sweep away, forswapan thane, J>egen
sweet, swe"te thank, v., Jancian
sweetness, swe'tnis thanks, >anc ; (thanks to God},
swell, swellan Codes ]>ances
swell greatly, toswellan that, Saet, Saette, Se ;
in order that,
swift, swift for 6am Saet
swim, swimman thatch, s., paec
swimming, sund thaw, fawan
swine, swin the, se (m.\ seo (/.), Soet (.)
swinge (beat], swingan the. . .the (with comparatives], swl. . .

swoon, swima swd.

sword, sweord, swurd, seax, me'ce, the greater, 8^ mara (correlatively)
heoru, heoruwsepen, bill, hilde- thee, %, Sec
bill, wigbill ; (poet.}, brand, beadu- theft, >ifS
leoma their, hira
sword-stroke, sweordgeswing them, hi, hig (ace.} ;
him (dat.)
then, Sonne, Sa, Saar
thence, Sanon; (from that cause},
Saes
table, beod, bord there, Saer
tail, steort, taegl therefore, y, for 8^, for Sdm
take, niman, fon, gefeccan away,; these, Sis
animan aetbregdan, w. dat.j
; they, hi, hig
(a city}, abrecan ; (asfood], >icgan they were..$3S.t waeron...
tale (story), getasl thick, >icce
tame, tarn thief, >eof, sceaSa
taper (candle), taper thigh, >eoh
tar, teru thin, >ynne
tart (acrid}, teart thine, Sin
teach, t?ecan, Iseran thing, >ing, wiht, wuht
teacher, ldre<5w think, >encan, hycgan, gemyntan ;

teamj see progeny of, J>encan ; about, hogian

tear, s., tear third, Jiridda
tear, v. teran, slftan ; asunder, thirst, v., >yrstan
t6teran thirst, J;urst
tease, tsesan thirty, }>ritig, |>rittig
teem, ti'man thirtyfold, J?ritigfeald
tell, secgan, dsecgan, gec)'$an ; see this, Ses
reckon thistle, J)istel
temperance, forhaefednis thither, Sider, Siderweardes, Sider-
tempest, gewider weard, Saar
temple, tempel thong, Jnvang
tempt, fandian thorn, >orn
temptation, costung those, Sd
tempting, fandung thou, Sii
ten, tin, tyn though, Seah, S^h; though...yet,
tender, tydre
tent, geteld, teld, biirgeteld, traef thought, ge>6ht, J?anc, gej>anc, mod-
tenth, te6Sa gepoht, modge>anc, innge>anc,
term of military service, stefn, gehygd
stemn thoughtful, >ancol, >ancolmod
35
 THOUSAND TRUSTY

thousand, Jmsend /<?/, topp, copp

thousands, in, J>usendmselum touch, hrepian, hrfnan
thrall, )>rael tough, toh
thrash, ]>erscan torment, wite, susl, tintreg
thread, J>ra=d torment, v., wftnian, tintregian
threat, beot towards, toweard, ongedn, ong^n ;
threaten, fredgan, redn, J>redtian togednes, w. dat.; wiS, w. dat.,
threatening, )>redgung, )>redung ace., or gen.; towards heaven,
three, )>reo, J>rf, fry wiS Saes heofones weard
thresh, ferscan tower, stipel
thrice, friwa town, tun
thrill; see pierce track, spor, gang, lst, swaaS, swaftu
throat, >rotu track, to make a, spyrian
throne, stol, setl, cynesetl, frymm- traitor, waerloga
setl transform, forscippan
throng, gefrang, menigu transitory, hwilwende, hwflwendlic,
throng, v., J>ringan laene
through, >urh translate, wendan, dwendan, drecc-
throughout, Jmrh, geond an
throw, weorpan, wurpan, beweorp- translater, wealhstod
an ; away, dweorpan [)>rdwan = trappings, geraade, hyrst
travel, faran, dfaran
thumb, >uma traverse, geondfaran, geondhweorf-
thunder, Jmnor an, geondldcan, oferfaran, ofer-
Thursday, Jmnresdaeg gdn, Jmrhfaran, ]>urhirnan, tredan,.
thus, Sus metan
treacherous, lytig, swicol, fdcenfull
tile, tigele treacherous, to be, swician
/z'//, 77., tilian treachery, ungetreowS, facen, searu,
timber; see building searucraeft
time, tid, tima, hwil, mael, stund, tread, tredan
frag; (occasion), sael, cirr; treason, hlaTordswice
//OT^ (space of), fee -from time treasure, goldhord, hard, hordfet,
to time, stundum ; (how many sine, matSum, mddm
times), sift ; at no time, ndhwser treaty, waer
time, wrong (unsuitable season), tree,treow, bedra
untima tremble, bifian
tin, tinn trespass, forwyrcan, reflex. T dgyltaa
tinder, tynder trial, fandung
tired) m^Se, wdrig tribe, maegft, cneoris
to, to tribute, gafol, sceatt, nidgild
/^a^, tdde trick, vvrenc
to-day, to daeg trim (strengthen), trymman
^^, td trinity, >rfnis
together, on
togaedere, aeigaedere, troop, fSa, flocc, gemang, hedp r
geador, aetsomne, endemes, sam- hloS, gefylce, geti-um, getruma,
od sweot, >redt, werod, worn ; by
toil, earfoS, geswinc troops, floccmaelum
/^//, winnan trouble, s., gedr^fednis, bysgu, ge-
token, tdcen, tdca winn, wed
^//, toll troubled, gedrefed
tomb, byrgen trough, trog, troh
soSfest, treowe, riht
tongs, tange (//. tangan) true, soft, ;

tongue, tunge (faithful), trywe

^o, to truly, soSlice
tool, tol trust (in), treowian, trawian, w. dat.
trusty, gecost
 TRUTH VILIFY

truth, soft, soSfaestnis, treowft unlawful, unalifed

try, fandian, afandian rtnless,nemne, nefne, buton
tub, cyfu unlike, ungelic
Tuesday, Tiwes daeg unlock, onliican
tumult, gebland, gewinn unmindful, ungemyndig
tun, tunne unopposed, unbefohten
tunic, tunece unreasoning, ungewittig
turbid, to become, drusian unrighteousness, unrihtwisnis
turf, turf unsold, unbeboht
turn, wendan, awendan, cirran, unstable, tealt
gehwirfan, gehweorfan ; (become), unsuitable, ungerisenlic
wendan ; intrans., windan unsuitably, ungerisenlice
turn, itij wrixendlice until, 6ft, usu. w. ace.
tusk, tusc, totJ 69
until, conj., 6fS Sset,
twain, twegen (masc.) unworthily, unweorSlice
twelfth, twelfta up, up ; adv., uppe
twelve, twelf upon, onufan, w. dat., onuppan,
twenty, twentig w. dat.; uppon, w. dat. and ace.
twice, tuwa upwards, up
twig, twig us, us
twin, getwisa ; twins, getwinne use, notu, nytt
twine, twin use, v., briican, w. gen.; neotan,
twinkle, twinclian w.gen.; use up (consume),genot-
twist, windan, >rawan ian
twit, astwftan, edwitan used to, to be, willan
two, twegen, masc., twa, fern, and useful, nyttwirSe
neut. useless, unnytt, idel
type, get^cnung usual, gewunelic
utility, nytt

U uttermost, ^temest

udder, uder
unallowed, unalifed
unanimous, anmod vaguely, unfaestlice
unanimously, anmodlice vain, idel ; in vain, on idelnisse
unawares, on ungearwe vale (open broad valley), slaed
unbaptized, ungefullod valley, denu, dael
unbelief, ungeleaffulnis valour, dryhtscipe
unbelieving, ungeleaffull, geleafleds vane, fana
unburnt, unforbasrned vapour, stedm, >rosm
uncle, earn variegated, fdh, fdg
unconsciously, ungewisses various, mislic, mistlic, missenlic,
uncouth; see unknown syndrig
uncover, onwreon, onwriSan ; (un- vat, faet
wind], unwindan venerable, dnveorS
undefended, firdleas venture on,
undefiled, ungewemmed, unwemme verily, soSlice
under, under, w. dat. and ace. verse, fers
understand, ongitan, oncnawan, for- vertebra, bdnhring
standan, understandan very, swiSe, for, full, Dearie ; very
understanding, gewitt old, oreald
unhappiness, ungesaeltJ vessel, fast, faetels, cyfu, cylle
unhappy, ungesaelig vice, uncyst, unsidu, un)eaw
unhealthy, wanhal victorious, sigefasst, sigoreddig
unite (draw together), gednlaecan victory, sige, sigor, hre"3
unity, annis vigorously, stranglice
unknown, unciitJ vilify, hirwan, bismerian
 VILLAGE WELKIN

village, tun, castel de, lindwigend, randwiga, rand-

vineyard, wingeard wfgend, folcwiga, hagusteald-
violate, tobrecan monn, sweordfreca, waslwulf ;
violence, nid (poet.), byrnwiga, byrnwfgend,
violent, hetelic, hetol, hsest rinc, haele, haeleS, beorn, eorl,
violently, hetelice >egen, secg
virgin, masgden, mseden, maegS, war-song, hildeleoS, guSleoS
faemne ;
me6wle
(poet.), wary, waer
virginity, maegShad was, wass
virtue, cyst, mgegen, arfaastnis wash, fweahan, J)wein, ajnvean,
virtuous, cystig, arfaest wacsan
visible, gesine wasp, waeps, wesp
visit, se"can ; nedsan, TV. gen. waste, w^ste
visitation, neosung waste, to lay, w^stan, aw^stan
vital, liflic watch, s., weard
vixen, fyxen watch, wseccan intrans.,
;
wac-
voice, stefn, stemn, gereord ian ; over, eahtian
voluntarily, selfwilles watchful, wasccende
water, waeter, lagu
W wave, waeg, waSum, ^3
wax, s., weax
wade, wadan wax (to grow), weaxan
wag, wagian way, weg
waggon, waegn way, to clear a, geryman
wailing, Jjotertmg wayfaring, wegfarende
wainj see waggon we, we"
wait, andbidian ; for, onbidan ; weak, wdc, untrum, wanhal, un-
bidan, w. gen.; upon, folgian mihtig
wake, wacan weak, to become, wacian
walk, wealcan weaken, gelifan
wall, weall, wah weakness, uncraeft, untrumnis ;
wallow, wealwian weakness of mind, wacmodnis
wall-stone, weallstdn weal ; see wealth
walrus, horshwasl wealth, wela (often in pi. welan).
wan, warm wealthy, welig
wander, scri'San, wandrian wean, wenian
"wandering, adj., waefre weapon, waepen
wane, wanian wear, werian
wanton, galmod, galferhS weary, we"rig, me"Se
wantonness, gaelsa weasel, wesle
war, wig, winn, gewinn, giiS, hild, weather, weder
heaSu,sacu,orlege,unfritJ ;
(poet.), weave, wefan
beadu web, webb
ward, weard wed; see pledge
war-expedition, heresift wedge, wecg
war-horn, guShorn Wednesday, Wodnesdaeg
warily, waerlice weed, weod
warm, wearm weeds (garments), wseda, pi.
warn, gewearnian week, wicu, wucu
warning, wearnung ween, we" nan
warning, to take, warnian, reflex. weep, we"pan, re6tan, greotan, graet
warrior, guma, cempa, wiga, wig- an
end, oretta, dreng, freca, hyse, weeping, wop
garberend, sceotend, guSfreca, weevil, wifel
guSrinc, heafturinc herewaefta,
; weigh, waegan
hildedeor, hilderinc, waepenwiga, weird; see fate
beadurinc, firdrinc, lindhaebben- welkin (sky), wolcen
 WELL WITHIN

well, s., willa w/y, hwy, hwaet

well, wel, tela wicked, lySre, manfull, fracod, in-
Welsh, Welsc widd, arleas
wen, wenn wickedly, arleaslice, manfullice
wend; see turn wickedness, yfel, yfelnis, man
went, code wide, wid, sid, ginn
were, wseron widely, wide, side
west, west widely known, widcuS
west, from the, westan widen, geryman
west of, be westan, w. dat. widow, widuwe, wuduwe
west quarter, westdael wield (a weapon), wealdan
westwards, westlang, westweard, wife, gebedde, wif
west wight, wiht
west wind, westanwind wild, wilde
wet, wset wilderness, we*sten
wet, v., waetan wile, wile
wether, weSer will, s., willa, gewill ; of one's own
whale, hwael will, selfwilles; against his will,
whale-fisher, hwaelhunta his un>ances
whale-fishery, hwaelhuntaS willingly, georne, geornlice, lustlice
what, hwaet, hwilc willingness, willsumnis
wheat, hwaete willow, wilig
wheel, hweol win, gewinnan (by fighting), ge-
;

wheeze, hwsesan feohtan

whelk, weoic wind, s., wind
whelp, hwelp wind, windan
when, hwanne, hwaenne, Caer, t6 windy, windig
Saes Se (when that), S
; Sa, mid wine, win
Sam Se, mid Sy wing, feSer
when... then, Sonne...Sonne, Sa...Sd wink, wincian
whence, hwanon winnow, windwian
where, hwaer, hwar, Sser winsome (pleasant), wynnsum
wherefore, for hwy winter, winter
wherever, swd hwider sw wire, wfr
/^/, hwettan wisdom, wfsdom, snotornis
whether, hwaeSer wise, wis, witig, snotor, frod, raed-
whether.. .or, sam...sam faest, hyge Cancel
whey, hwaeg wise, (way), wise
s.

which, hwilc wise man, wita, witega, witga

which of the two, hwaeSer wish, willa
whichever, swat hwaeSer swa wish, v., willan, wyscan ; for, hog-
while, Sen den ian, w. gen., gelystan, impers.
while, s., hwil w. ace. ofpers. and gen. of thing
whilst, Sd hwfle Se wish, not to* nyllan
whine, hwinan wit, s., gewitt
whirlpool, wasl wit (to know), witan
whisper, hwisprian witch, wicce
whistle, hwistlian with, mid
whit, wiht wither, forweornian, forseoSan
white, hwft, bide withhold, forhealdan gestiran, w.
;

u'/iither, hwider, hwaer, Sasr dat. of pers. and gen. of thing;

whithersoever, swd hwider swd ofteon, w. instrum. ; wirnan, wyrn-
w/w, Se, se tfe, se hwa ?
; an, w. gen. (and also w. dat. of
whoever, swd hwilc swd person)
whole, hal, onsund within, oninnan, w. dat., wiSinnan,
whoop, hwopan w. dat.; adv. (also as prep. w.
whose, hwas dat.), innan, binnan

39
 WITHOUT ZEAL

without, wiSutan, w. dat.; buton, wretched, earm, earmlic, wraecfull

w. dat. wretchedly, earmlice
witness, gewitnis, gewita wright (worker], wyrhta
woad, wd.d wring, wringan
woe, wd (exclamation] wrist, wrist
woe, wed. write, wrftan 1

woe, sign of, wedtdcen writer, writere

woe, tidings of, weaspell writhe, wriSan
wolf, wulf writing, gewrit
woman, wff, wifmann (poet.}, ides
; wrong, unriht, wrang, unrihtlic,
womb, innoS (belly), wamb
; wrangwis
wander, wundor wrong, s., unriht
wonder at, v., wundrian, w. gen. wroth,
wonderful, wundorlic wrought (did work], worhte
wont, to be, gewunian
wonted, gewunelic
woo, wogian
wood, treow (forest}, wudu,
; holt, yard (court}, geard
holtwudu, weald yard (measure}, gerd
wool, wull yarn, gearn
word, word
work, weorc yea, ged
work, v., wyrcan year, gedr, ge"r ; (in reckoning time},
worker, wyrhta winter
world, middangeard, woruld ;
cir- yearn, gernan
cuit of the, ymbhwirft yeast, gist
worldly, woruldlic yell, gylian
worm, wyrm, maSa yellow, geolo
worse, to become, wirsian yelp, gelpan
worse, wirsa yes, gese, gise
worship, s., weorSung, wurSung yesternight, gistran niht
worship, weorSian, wurSian yet, Sedh, Seh, ffedhhwaeftere, ge"n ;

worst, wirst (w. neg.}, git

wort, wyrt yew, iw
worth, s., weorS, wurS ; dugutJ yield, sellan ; up, linnan, w. in-
worth, to be, dugan strum. [gildan = to pay]
worthy, weorS, wirS yake, geoc
wot, I, ic wdt yolk, geolca
would, I, ic wolde yore, of, gedra
wound, wund, dolg (poet.}, benn
; yore, days of, firndagas, gedrdagasj
wound, forwundian, gesdrgian former years, firngear
wounded, dolgwund, wund you, eow
woven, gebrodeu young, geong, unweaxen
wreak, wrecan your, eower
wreath, wra^S youth, geoguS ; {young man}, hyse
wren, wrsenna
wrench, wrencan
wrest, wrffistan
wretch, poor, earming zeal, anda, el.len, ellenwodnis

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

 AN

ENGLISH-ANGLO-SAXON
VOCABULARY.

COMPILED BY

THE REV. WALTER W. SKEAT, ALA.

KLKINV.TON AM) IJOSWORTH PROFESSOR OF ANGLO-SAXON.

PRINTED FOR PRIVATE DISTRIBUTION ONLY.

(Eambrtogt :

AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

1879
 CQ ro

CO

Skeat, W.W. PE
279
An English-Anglo-Saxon
vocabulary.

PO'
OF '

Tc>