Techniques: Techniques:
1. Combines facts with 1. Offers facts, reasons, and
emotions to convince the evidence to show the author
reader that the author is has valid points
“right” 2. Logic-based
2. Emotion-based 3. Acknowledges the opposing
3. Ignores counter claims claims
4. Presents only ideas that 4. May compare ideas to
help establish a position establish a position
5. Only presents only one 5. Presents multiple sides but it
side: the author’s side is clear which is the author’s
side
6. Makes claims without 6. Always provides evidence
evidence with claims