GDCTG - Sept 2007

September 2007
GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND TECHNICAL GUIDELINES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION ..… ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 1-1
1.1 PURPOSE OF DOCUMENT ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 1-1
1.2 APPLICABILITY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 1-1
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. 1-1
1.4 DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN TEXT ….. ….. ….. ….. 1-1
2 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-1
2.1 CODES, STANDARDS, AND MANUALS ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-1
2.1.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-1
2.1.2 CRITERIA SOURCES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-1
2.2 DRAFTING STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-8
2.2.1 MEDIA ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-9
2.2.2 PROCEDURES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-18
2.2.3 PACKAGING ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-22
2.3 STANDARD DRAWING SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-23
2.4 STANDARD FORMS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-58
2.5 DESIGN ANALYSIS REPORT (DAR) ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-66
3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS

3.1 SITE CONDITIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-1
3.1.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-1
3.1.2 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY ….. ….. ….. 3-1
3.1.3 TOPOGRAPHY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-3
3.1.4 SOIL CONDITIONS AND GEOLOGY ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-3
3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-3
3.3 CIVIL DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-4
3.3.1 GOVERNING CODES AND STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. 3-4
3.3.2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-4
3.4 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-21
3.4.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-21
3.4.2 CODES AND STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-21
3.4.3 DESIGN BASIS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-21
3.4.4 DESIGN GUIDELINES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-21
3.4.5 DESIGN CRITERIA ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-23
3.5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-26
3.5.2 ADDITIONAL CRITERIA ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-30
3.5.3 CALCULATIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-31
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September 2007
SECTION PAGE
3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS (CONT'D)
3.6 MECHANICAL DESIGN – PLUMBING ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-33
3.6.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-33
3.7 MECHANICAL DESIGN - UTILITY & PROCESS PIPING ….. ….. 3-41
3.7.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-41
3.8 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-43
3.9 MECHANICAL DESIGN - HEATING, VENTILATING,

AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-45
3.9.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-45
3.9.3 EXTERNAL/INTERNAL DESIGN CONDITIONS ….. ….. 3-46
3.9.4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-47
3.10 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-53
3.10.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-53
3.11 ELECTRICAL DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-58
3.11.2 DESIGN CONDITIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-58
3.11.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-58
3.11.4 SYSTEM PARAMETERS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-65
3.11.5 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-68
3.11.6 DESCRIPTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ….. ….. 3-71
3.11.7 DRAWING SEQUENCE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-75
3.11.8 RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICAL LOAD ESTIMATING ….. ….. 3-75
3.12 TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-81

3.12.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-81
3.12.2 EQUIPMENT SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION ….. ….. 3-81
3.12.3 DESIGN DETAILS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-81
3.12.4 DESIGN CRITERIA ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-82
3.13 LANDSCAPE DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-98
3.13.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-98
3.13.2 LANDSCAPE PLANTING ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-98
3.13.3 IRRIGATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-102
3.14 INTERFACE DOCUMENTATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-106

3.14.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-106
3.14.2 SCOPE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-106
3.14.3 INTERFACE DOCUMENTATION ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-107
3.14.4 INTERFACE CONSIDERATION ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-107
3.14.5 CHANGES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-107
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September 2007
SECTION PAGE
3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS (CONT'D)
3.15 PROCEDURE TO SHOW NEW WORK ON EXISTING AS-BUILT DRAWINGS 3-108
3.16 SURVEY CONTROL AND DOCUMENTATION ….. ….. ….. 3-109

3.16.1 SITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT ….. ….. ….. 3-109
3.16.2 SURVEY CONTROL AND DATUM ….. ….. ….. 3-109
3.16.3 SURVEY CONTROL ESTABLISHED BY CONTRACTOR ….. 3-109
4 TECHNICAL CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
4.1 GENERAL ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 4-1
4.1.1 STANDARD SECTIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 4-1
4.1.2 GRAMMATICAL QUALITY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 4-1
4.1.3 REFERENCES TO STANDARDS AND/OR OTHER PUBLICATIONS 4-1
4.2 PROPRIETARY ITEMS AND TRADE/ BRAND NAMES ….. ….. 4-2
4.3. FORM AND TYPING ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 4-2
4.4 DRAWING COMPATIBILITY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 4-2
5 CONSTRUCTION BID PACKAGE
5.1 SCOPE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 5-1
5.2 PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS ….. ….. ….. 5-1
5.3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 5-1

5.3.1 ROYAL COMMISSION-FURNISHED PROPERTY ….. ….. 5-1
5.3.2 LIST OF DRAWINGS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 5-2
5.3.3 ASSEMBLY OF DOCUMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 5-2
5.3.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND INDEXES ….. ….. ….. 5-2
6 PROCURED EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
6.1 INTRODUCTION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-1
6.2 FORMAT ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-1
6.2.1 SCOPE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-1
6.2.2 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ….. ….. ….. 6-1
6.2.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-1
6.2.4 DESIGN AND FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. 6-2
6.2.5 ELECTRIC MOTORS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-2
6.2.6 PAINTING AND PROTECTIVE COATING ….. ….. ….. 6-2
6.2.7 INSPECTIONS AND TESTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-3
6.2.8 SELLER RESPONSIBILITY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-3
6.2.9 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-3
6.2.10 SHOP DRAWINGS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-3
6.2.11 NAMEPLATES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-4
6.2.12 EQUIPMENT NOISE CONTROL ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-4
6.2.13 GUARANTEES ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-4
6.2.14 DESIGN CRITERIA SHEET ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-4
6.2.15 DATA SHEETS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 6-4
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September 2007
SECTION PAGE
7 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION BUDGETS, CONSTRUCTION COST

ESTIMATES AND BILLS OF QUANTITIES
7.1 GENERAL. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-1
7.2 DEFINITIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-1
7.3 FORMAT ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-3
7.4 CONTENT ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-4
7.5 COST ESTIMATE CONFIDENTIALITY ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-6
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
2-1 TYPICAL DRAWING TITLE BLOCK ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-10
2-2 PLACEMENT OF NORTH ARROW ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-14
2-3 SAMPLE FACILITY KEY PLAN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-15
2-4 SAMPLE GRIDLINE SYSTEM ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-16
2-5 PROPRIETARY OWNERSHIP STATEMENT ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-16
2-6 DRAWING REFERENCE METHOD ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-17
2-7 REVISION IDENTIFICATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-21
2-8 TITLE BLOCK REVISION IDENTIFICATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-21
2-9 CIVIL SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-24
2-10 ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-26
2-11 MECHANICAL PIPING SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-28
2-12 MECHANICAL SINGLE LINE SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-30
2-13 MECHANICAL DOUBLE LINE SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-36
2-14 FIRE PROTECTION SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-40
2-15 ELECTRICAL PLAN SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-42
2-16 ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-49
2-17 TELECOM PLAN SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-53
2-18 CATV PLAN SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-54
2-19 BASIC WELD SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-55
2-20 LANDSCAPE PLANTING SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-56
2-21 IRRIGATION SYMBOLS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-57
2-22 EARTHWORK CALCULATIONS RESERVOIR METHOD (METRIC) ….. 2-59
2-23 EARTHWORK QUANTITY (AVERAGE END AREAS) (METRIC) ….. ….. 2-60
2-24 ROOM FINISH SCHEDULE & COLOR SCHEDULE ….. ….. ….. 2-61
2-25 FIXTURE CONNECTION SCHEDULE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-62
2-26 PUMP HEAD TABLE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-63
2-27 ILLUMINATION CALCULATION TABLE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-64
2-28 LIGHTING PANEL SCHEDULE ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-65
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September 2007
FIGURE PAGE
3-1 INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY CURVE OF RAINFALL ….. ….. 3-2

3-2 TYPICAL INTERSECTION CHANNELIZATION ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-5
3-3 RELATION OF PEAK DISCHARGE TO FIXTURE UNITS ….. ….. ….. 3-14
3-4 TOILET FIXTURE ORIENTATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-25
3-5 DEMAND CURVE FOR VARYING HOUSE SIZES ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-77
3-6 VERTICAL DATUM CHART ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-110
7-1 SAMPLE CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATE FORM ….. ….. ….. 7-7
7-2 SAMPLE COST ESTIMATE WORKSHEET ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-8
7-3 SAMPLE COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY FORM (DIRECT COST) ….. ….. 7-9
7-4 SAMPLE COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY FORM –
(GENERAL REQUIREMENTS & INDIRECT COSTS) ….. ….. ….. 7-10
7-5 SAMPLE CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATE FORM - OVERALL SUMMARY 7-11
7-6 SAMPLE ESTIMATE QUANTITY WORKSHEET ….. ….. ….. ….. 7-12
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
2-1 DISCIPLINE CODE. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 2-11
3-1 LINE SIZING CRITERIA ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-41
3.11.8.1 PRIVATE LOT LIVING AREA CALCULATIONS ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-78
3.11.8.2 DEMAND CALCULATION FORMULAS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-79
3.11.8.3 LAND USE CODES AND DESCRIPTION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-80
LIST OF EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT PAGE
1 PATTERN OF BEND, CABLE DUCT SECTION (R = 2.5 M) ….. ….. 3-86

7 CCC / TEC / CATV LOCATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-92
8 TYPICAL INTERFACE POINT CONNECTION AND NETWORK
TO CROSS CONNECT CABINET ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-93
9 INTERFACE POINT AND NEIGHBORHOOD DISTRIBUTION ….. ….. 3-94
10 SUGGESTED DETAIL AT PAVED AREAS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-95
11 HANDHOLE-MANHOLE ROUTING ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-96
12 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF MAIN DUCT BANK BY-PASSING A HANDHOLE 3-97
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September 2007
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF DOCUMENT
General Design Criteria and Technical Guidelines provide general requirements applicable in
the development of design and the preparation of contract documents for the Royal Commission
for Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah.
1.2 APPLICABILITY
Not all sections and subsections contained herein are applicable to each project. Applicability
will be determined by individual project requirements.
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS
The general requirements herein have been organized by design discipline for ease of
reference and review. Construction drawings shall be similarly organized while the developed
construction specifications shall follow the Construction Specification Institute (CSI) format.
1.4 DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN TEXT
References to the Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah (MYAS) Master Plan, soils investigation data, and
other documents are contained herein. These documents furnish supplemental information and
are available for inspection and/or issue from the Royal Commission.
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September 2007
SECTION 2
APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS
2.1 CODES, STANDARDS, AND MANUALS
2.1.1 GENERAL
The applicable international codes, standards and regulations, and manuals of Madinat
Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah (MYAS), shall apply to the design and construction of all facilities
comprising the infrastructure and community for Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah. Because the
Kingdom is in the process of developing many of these codes and standards, certain
design or construction work may not yet be governed by Saudi Arabian regulations. In the
absence of such regulations, the applicable standards and building & life Safety Codes
listed in section 2.1.2 shall apply. A current list of Saudi Arabian standards, and the
standards themselves, may be obtained from the Saudi Arabian Standards Organization
in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A).
2.1.2 CRITERIA SOURCES

The following organizations that publish codes, standards, and manuals are referenced
herein. The latest edition of these documents at the time of contract award shall apply.
AA Aluminum Association, Inc.
900 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20006
AABC Associated Air Balance Council
1133 15th Street N.W., Washington, DC 20005
AAMA Architectural Aluminum Manufacturers Association
2700 River Road, Suite 118,
Des Plaines, IL 60018
AAN American Association of Nurserymen, Inc.
230 Southern Building; Washington, DC 20005
AASHTO American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials
444 North Capitol St., N.W., Suite 249
Washington, DC 20001
ABPA Acoustical and Board Products Association
205 West Touhy Avenue; Park Ridge, IL 60068
ACI American Concrete Institute
Box 19150 Redford Station; Detroit, MI 48219
ACIL American Council of Independent Laboratories, Inc.
1725 K Street, NW; Washington, DC 20006
ACPA American Concrete Pipe Association
8320 Old Courthouse Rd.
Vienna, VA. 22180
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September 2007
AGA American Gas Association

8501 East Pleasant Valley Road;
Cleveland, OH 44131
AI The Asphalt Institute

Asphalt Institute Building;
College Park, MD 20740
AIA American Institute of Architects

1735 New York Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction

400 North Michigan Avenue; Chicago, IL 60611
AISI American Iron and Steel Institute

1000 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036
AITC American Institute of Timber Construction

11818 S.E. Mill Plain Blvd.;
Vancouver, WA 98684
AMCA Air Movement and Conditioning Association, Inc.

30 W. University Dr.
Arlington Heights, IL. 60004
ANSI American National Standards Institute, Dept. 671

1430 Broadway; New York, NV 10018
AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chemists

Box 540, Benjamin Franklin Station
APA American Plywood Association

P.O. Box 11700, Tacoma, WA 98411
API American Petroleum Institute

1220 L Street, Northwest; Washington D.C. 20005
ARI Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
1501 Wilson Blvd., Suite 600
Arlington, VA 22209
ASAHC American Society of Architectural

Hardware Consultants
See Door and Hardware Institute
ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers
1801 Alexander Bell Drive
Reston, Virginia 20191-4400
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September 2007
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating

and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
1791 Tullie Circle, NE
Atlanta, GA 30329
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

345 East 47th Street; New York, NY 10017
ASTM Amercian Society for Testing and Materials

1916 Race Street; Philadelphia, PA 19103
AWI Architectural Woodwork Institute

2310 S. Walter Reed Dr., Arlington, VA 22206
AWPA American Wood Preservers' Association

7735 Old Georgetown Rd., Suite 4444,
Bethesda, MD 20014
AWPB American Wood Preservers Bureau

2772 S. Randolph Street; Arlington, VA 22206
AWPI American Wood Preservers Institute

1651 Old Meadow Road; McLean, VA 22101
AWS American Welding Society, Inc.

550 N.W. Lecteune Road; P.O. Box 351040;
Miami, FL 33135
AWWA American Water Works Association

6666 W. Quincy Avenue; Denver, CO 80235
BHMA Builders Hardware Manufacturers

Association, Inc.
60 East 42nd Street; New York, NY 10165
BIA Brick Institute of America

1750 Old Meadow Road; McLean, VA 22102
BS British Standard Institution
CSI Construction Specifications Institute, Inc.

601 Madison Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
CDA Copper Development Association, Inc.
405 Lexington Avenue; New York, NY 10017
CE Corps of Engineers (U.S. Dept. of the Army)

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September 2007
CIM Chlorine Institute Manual
The Chlorine Institute, Inc.
342 Madison Ave, New York, N.Y. 10173
CRSI Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute

933 Plum Grove Road; Schaumberg, IL 60195
CS Commercial Standards of NBS (U.S. Dept. of

Commerce) - See NIST
DHI Door and Hardware Institute

7711 Old Springhouse Rd.; McLean, VA 22102
EIA Electronics Industries Association
FGMA Flat Glass Marketing Association

1325 Topeka Avenue; Topeka, KS 66612
FM Factory Mutual Engineering Corp.

1151 Boston-Providence Turnpike; Norwood,
MA 02062
FSSM Food Services Sanitation Manual

U.S. Dept of Health, Education and Welfare
Washington, D.C.
GA Gypsum Association
1603 Orrington Avenue; Evanston, IL 60201
HI Hydronics Institute
35 Russo Place, Berkely Heights, NJ 07922
HI Hydrolic Institute
712 Lakewood Center North
14600 Detroit Avenue
Cleveland OH 44107
HMI Hoists Manufacturers Institute
1326 Freeport Road
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania 15238
HPMA Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers Association
P. O. Box 2789; Reston, VA 22090
ICC International Code Council
4051 West Flossmoor Road
Country Club Hills, IL, 60478-5795. Tel : 1-800-214-4321
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September 2007
ICEA Insulated Cable Engineers Association
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

345 E. 47th. St.
New York, NY 10017
IES Illuminating Engineering Society
Same as IEEE.
ISA Instrument Society of America

P.O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
IPCEA Insulated Power Cable Engineers Association

192 Washington Street
Belmont, MA 02178
LIA Lead Industries Association

292 Madison Avenue; New York NY 10017
MS Munsell Color
Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen Corporation
2441 North Calvert Street, Baltimore,
Maryland 21218
MIA Marble Institute of America

33505 State Street, Farmington, MI 48024
MLSFA Metal Lath/Steel Framing Association

221 North LaSalle Street; Chicago, IL 60601
MMA Monorail Manufacturers Assn.,
326 Freeport Road
Pittsburgh, PA 15238
MOT Ministry of Transportation

General Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
MSS Manufacturers Standardizations Society of

Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, VA 22180
NAAMM National Association of Architectural Metal Manufacturers
600 South Federal Street; Suite 400;
Chicago, IL 60605
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
Box 1499, Houston, TX 77001
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September 2007
NBGQA National Building Granite Quarries Association

c/o H.E. Fletcher Co., West Chelmsford, MA 01863
NBHA National Builders' Hardware Association

See Door & Hardware Institute
NBS National Bureau of Standards (U.S. Dept. of

Commerce) - See NIST
NCMA National Concrete Masonry Association

P.O. Box 781, Herndon, VA 22070
NCPWB National Certified Pipe Welding Bureau

5530 Wisconsin Ave; Suite 750
Washington, DC
NEC National Electrical Code
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association

2101 L Street, NW Suite 300;
NESC National Electrical Safety Code
NFPA National Fire Protection Association

National Electrical Code Committee
Batterymarch Park
Quincy, MA 02269
NFPA National Forest Products Association

1619 Massachusetts Avenue, NW; Washington, DC 20036
NHLA National Hardwood Lumber Association

59 East Van Buren Street; Chicago, IL 60605
NIST National Institute for Standards and Technology
Route 270 and Quince Orchard Road
Gaithersbury, MD 20899
NPA National Particleboard Association
2306 Perkins Place; Silver Spring, MD 20910
NRMCA National Ready Mixed Concrete Association
900 Spring Street; Silver Spring, MD 20910
NSF National Sanitation Foundation

NSF Building, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
NWMA National Woodwork Manufacturers
Association, Inc. - See NWWDA
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September 2007
NWWDA National Wood Window and Door Association

1400 E Touhy Avenue
Suite G-54, Des Plaines, IL 60018
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Association
OSHA Code and Standards
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
PCA Portland Cement Association

5420 Old Orchard Road
Skokie, Illinois 60077
PCI Prestressed Concrete Institute
201 N. Wells Street, Chicago, IL 60606
PI Perlite Institute
45 W. 45th. St.
New York, NY 10036
PS Product Standard of NBS (U.S. Dept. of Commerce)
Government Printing Office; Washington, DC 20402
RIS Redwood Inspection Service (Grading Rules)
627 Montgomery; San Francisco, CA 94111
RCAC Royal Commission Architectural Code
Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu
RCEC Royal Commission Electrical Code
RCMC Royal Commission Mechanical Code
RCPC Royal Commission Plumbing Code
RCSC Royal Commission Structural Code
RCPHC Royal Commission Public Health Code
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
400 Commonwealth Dr.
Warrendale, PA 15096
SASO Saudi Arabian Standard Organization
P. O. Box 3437, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
SDI Steel Deck Institute

135 Addison Avenue; Elmhurst, IL 60126
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September 2007
SDI Steel Door Institute
14600 Detroit Avenue;
Suite 712 Lakewood Center N.
Cleveland, OH 44107
SIGMA Sealed Insulating Glass Manufacturers Association
1629 K Street, NW; Washington, DC 20006
SJI Steel Joist Institute
1703 Parham Road; Richmond, VA 23229
SMACNA Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning Contractors'
National Association, Inc.
P.O. Box 70, Merrifield, VA 22116
SPIB Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (Grading rules)
P. O. Box 846; Pensacola, FL 32594
SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council
4400 5th Avenue; Pittsburgh, PA 15213
SWI Steel Window Institute
1230 Keith Building; Cleveland, OH 44115
TCA Tile Council of America
P. O. Box 326; Princeton, NJ 08542
UL Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
333 Pfingsten Road; Northbrook, IL 60062
UPC Uniform Plumbing Code
USAB United States Access Board
Americans with Disabilities Act and Architectural
Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines
1331 F Street, N. W. Suite 1000
Washington D. C. 2004 - 1111
WCLIB West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (Grading Rules)
P. O. Box 23145; Portland, OR 97223
WWPA Western Wood Products Association (Grading Rules)

1500 Yeon Building; Portland, OR 97204
Federal specifications of the United States of America shall not be used. Where
commercial standards and specifications are not applicable, use generic descriptions.
2.2 DRAFTING STANDARDS

All drawings shall meet the requirements of the latest version of the Royal Commission
CAD Standards (Micro Station Version 7/J).
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September 2007
2.2.1 MEDIA
Original drawings shall be prepared on Mylar polyester film, 0.8 mm (3 mil) minimum
thickness, with matte surface on both sides. Pencil or ink may be used on the film.
Drawings reproduced to provide background shall also be Mylar polyester film, matte-
finished on both sides. Ammonia-developed Mylar and plastic-coated paper reproducibles
are not acceptable.
A. Drawing Sheet Size
All contract drawings shall be made on standard A1 sheets, 594 x 841 mm.
Study drawings and sketches shall be prepared on metric standard size drawing
sheets.
B. Title Block and Drawing Identification
The standard drawing title block shall be located at the lower right hand corner of
the drawing. See Figure 2-1.
Obvious blanks shall be filled in as indicated. Other blanks shall be filled in as

follows.
1. Contract No. (Contract No.): This will be issued by the Royal Commission
at time of contract award.
2. Work Breakdown Structure No. (WBS No.): This shall be indicated, if
issued, by the Royal Commission.
3. Revision No. (Rev. No.): During the design phase, the Contractor may
indicate the review submittal stage in the Revision No. with a letter, starting
with A for the conceptual submittal, and B, C, D, etc. for subsequent
submittals. The submittal stage should also be stated in the Revision
Block.
During the Bidding Phase the design Contractor shall not indicate a
revision at "Rev. No." and shall note in the first open line of the Revisions
block "Issued for Bidding" and dated with the date of issue for the Request
for Proposal (RFP).
Revision level at Construction shall be indicated by a number zero for the
initial issue of the drawig for construction, and Revisions Block noted
"Issued for Construction" and all "Clouding" removed from the drawings.
4. Drawing No.: A drawing identification number is made up of the following
elements:
Contractor’s Code No. Discipline Drawing Size Serial No.
01035 EE A1 053
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September 2007
5. Drawing Number Breakdown
a. Contractor's Code Number: Contractor's code number will be issued

by the Royal Commission.
b. Discipline: The discipline is identified by a two letter code according

to a standard list of abbreviations. See Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 - Discipline Code
Discipline Discipline Code
Architecture AR
Civil CE
Electrical EE
Environmental EN
Fire Protection FP
Food Service FS
General Engineering GE
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning HV
Industrial Engineering IE
Instrumentation IN
Interface Drawings IF
Interior Design ID
Landscape LS
Mechanical Engineering ME
Piping Design PD
Planning PL
Plumbing PG
Process Piping PP
Structural Engineering SE
Telecommunications TC
c. Drawing Size. Drawing size is identified by letter plus number

coding, according to the standard International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) system, as follows:
A1 594 x 841 mm - Preferred Standard

A2 420 x 594 mm - Work sheets,
A3 297 x 420 mm Sketches,
A4 210 x 297 mm etc.
Unless otherwise approved drawings shall be size A1.
d. Serial Number. Sheet serial number shall be a three digit number

starting with 001 for each discipline. The numbering shall be
continuous for each discipline.
01035 EE A1 053
01035 ME A1 053
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September 2007
where the EE indicates an Electrical drawing; and the ME, a

Mechanical drawing.
6. Scale: Each drawing shall note the scale used for that drawing. A graphic
scale shall be provided to establish a relative scale for drawings to be
reduced.
7. Drawing number should be the same for all drawings identified also by
sheet number.
Each sheet in a set of drawings shall be numbered and titled.
C. Drawing Layout
Plans, sections, and details shall be laid out on the sheet in such a manner that
the portion on the right side of the sheet above the title block is reserved for
indicating notes, key plan, schedules, revisions and other miscellaneous
requirements.
D. North Arrow:
Normally, the north arrow shall be placed in the upper left corner of each plan
drawing, as shown in Figure 2-2. Drawings (except plans and profiles of roads
and utilities) shall be oriented so that the north arrow points up (preferred) or to the
left.
Drawings may be oriented to an arbitrary reference north. If so, each drawing

(such as plot plan or site location) shall indicate the north arrow with the word
"REF" inserted therein, Hunting Grid north, and orientation to Makkah. ("Hunting
Grid" is defined in Survey Control and Documentation subsection.) Any other
orientation shall be subject to approval.
E. Key Plans and Gridline System
Figure 2-3 shows a sample facility key plan that shall be used to shown the sheet
numbers of particular portions of a large facility that cannot be shown on one
sheet. The hatched area on the key plan shall indicate the corresponding area
shown on that particular sheet.
Key plans, when used for facilities, shall be located in the lower right portion of the
drawing above the title block unless directed otherwise. Orientation on each plan
shall be identical to that shown on the key plan.
Figure 2-4 shows a sample gridline system for use in dimensioning and locating
areas and items.
Gridline systems, when used, shall show numbers reading from left to right in the
horizontal direction of the area and letters reading from top to bottom in the vertical
direction. The system must be laid out so that no two points will have the
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September 2007
same coordinates. Intermediate gridlines shall be identified by decimal; e.g.,
gridline 7.3 is 3/10 of the distance between gridlines 7 and 8, gridline B.6 is 6/10 of
the distance between gridline B and C.
F. Drawing Ownership
The ownership statement, Figure 2-5, shall be included on each Royal

Commission contract drawing and shall be provided by the Contractor. The
statement may be printed on the mylar tracing or on a decal to be applied to the
tracing. The statement should be located to the left of the title block just above the
bottom border. Upon completion of the design all original drawings become the
property of the Royal Commission and shall be submitted at the Final Submission.
G. Drawing Reference Method
Figure 2-6 show the method to be used for indicating elevations, sections and
details on all contract drawings.
If symmetry exists in plan, elevation, or section, this may be noted and only one-
half of the construction need be shown. Minor differences in construction may be
shown by noting "symmetrical about the centerline unless otherwise noted" and
identifying those details that are not symmetrical.
Details shown on each sheet shall be identified by numbers and shall be in

sequence for that drawing. Elevations and sections shall be identified by letters.
Identification numbers and letters on one sheet shall not be in continuous
sequence beyond that sheet.
The detail should not be rotated, reversed, or opposite hand from the base
drawing. When a detail is not identical in orientation due to revised location or
multiple locations, use details notes to define the deviations; e.g. "opposite hand"
or "rotated 90 degrees clockwise."
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September 2007
2.2.2 PROCEDURES
A. Scales
Metric scales and the metric system shall be used on all drawings. The following
metric scales are recommended for general usage on drawings; however, they are
not meant to be mandatory. Should another scale be more appropriate in a
particular instance, it may be used.
Drawing Scale
Topographic mapping and site plans 1:500 and 1:1,000
Facility plans and elevations 1:50 preferred,

1:100, and 1:200
Sections and details 1:2, 1:5, 1:10,

1:20, and 1:50
B. Notes and Material Callouts
Notes shall be presented in clear and concise English. A note is not adequate if it
does not convey the exact design intent. All notes shall be listed on the right hand
side of the drawing.
C. Units of Measure
All units of measure are to be in accordance with The International System of Units
(SI).
D. Background Indications
Backgrounds shall be thin or screened, single-line outline indications showing

equipment, structures, or supports which are the prime responsibility or other
disciplines, but which must be shown to indicate locations and clearances.
Background indications shall be drawn with a minimum number of lines to legibly
show the item. All equipment and other background indications shall be shown in
their true scale and indicated with a thick, single-line outline. Special features will
be indicated only when required for clearances or to support other items.
E. Equipment Designation
Each item of equipment shall be identified by an equipment number.
When identifying equipment on plans, the equipment designation shall appear

along the centerline (within the equipment background when there is adequate
room).
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September 2007
F. Welding Symbols
All welds shall be noted by welding symbols in conformance with AWS-A2.4.

Basic weld symbols are shown on page 2-54.
G. Abbreviations
For the sake of clarity, all terms shall generally be spelled out; however, it will
occasionally become necessary to use abbreviations. When this is the case, a
legend shall be provided based on the American National Standards Institute's list
of abbreviations.
H. Schedules
Formats for equipment, materials, and other schedules shall be as included herein.
I. Match Lines
Match lines shall be in identical locations for all discipline drawings covering the
same area. Avoid placing match lines on gridlines or column lines and through
congested areas. Drawings shall not extend beyond the match lines. Match lines
also shall be shown on the key drawings. Coordinates shall be shown for gridlines
and match lines.
J. Standard Drawings
Standard drawings and standard detail sheets may be used. However, details that
do not apply to the specific facility shall be removed, or indicated as not applicable.
K. Revision
Drawings issued for review, approval, construction, or revision, shall be identified

by a letter or number as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.B.3.
In addition to the identifying letter or number, each revision shall be dated and
shall include a brief description of the revision and the initials of the checker. The
information for each revision shall remain on the drawing. Such terms as "general
revision" or "as shown" are inadequate for a description and shall not be used.
Each revision location shall be identified with a 10-mm equilateral triangle, with the
revision number in it, near the item revised. A cloud shall enclose the revised area
and the revision triangle. Extreme care shall be used in drawing the cloud to
clearly indicate the extent of the revision (for the illustration in Figure 2-7, the
dimension was not added but was changed). One cloud and triangle shall be used
to identify several closely grouped changes.
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September 2007
When the next revision is made, all existing clouds and triangles shall be removed.
New triangles and clouds shall be added for the new changes in accordance with
the procedure outlined above.
If revisions are too numerous to describe in the revision block or too numerous to
practically identify with clouds, describe the change under a revision note in the
body of the drawing and refer to the note in the revision block.
L. Reference Drawings
Reference drawings shall refer to all drawings from other contract/drawing

packages referred to and/or used in the preparation of the design drawing. Other
design drawings from the same package are typically listed in the project drawing
list and shall not be considered nor included in the “Reference Drawing” list.
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September 2007
2.2.3 PACKAGING
A. Sequence of Drawings
The first sheet of each volume in a project shall be a cover sheet indicating project
title and contract number, volume title, and R.C. logo.
In general, the second sheet (and limited subsequent sheets) shall provide a site
plan, key map, vicinity map, and table of contents. The table of contents shall list
sequentially the indexes for the civil drawings, each facility's drawings, and the
standard detail drawings (if any). A drawing index shall precede the civil drawings
and each facility package. The index of drawings in a particular volume shall not
be included in any other volume of drawings.
Control shall be maintained in packaging contract drawings by providing an easy

reference to all drawings within a discipline of work. The drawing package shall be
divided into facility or system packages. The divisions proposed herein will
provide flexibility for the later assignment of additional drawings.
The following list shows the order and assemblage of a typical drawing package.
Other packages shall follow a similar sequence.
1. Cover sheet
2. Table of contents
3. Site index (including specific details)

Civil drawings CE-001 through CE-999
Electrical /Telecom Drawings EE-001 through EE-999
4. Facility index (including specific details)

Architectural drawings AR-001 through AR-999
Structural drawings SE-001 through SE-999
Mechanical drawings ME-001 through ME-999
Plumbing drawings PG-001 through PG-999
HVAC drawings HV-001 through HV-999
Fire Protection Drawings FP-001 through FP-999
Process piping drawings PP-001 through PP-999
Electrical drawings EE-001 through EE-999
Instrumentation drawings IN-001 through IN-999
Telecommunications drawings TC-001 through TC-999
5. Repeat format for each individual facility starting with 201, 301, etc.
B. Grouping Drawings
A multiple facility design shall (except for civil drawings) be grouped in the design
drawing package in such a manner that a single facility may be withdrawn by
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September 2007
deleting or removing a consecutive block of sheets. Conversely, it shall be

possible to easily add a facility to a drawing package.
2.3 STANDARD DRAWING SYMBOLS
The following symbols shall be used on all contract drawings, as applicable.
LIST OF STANDARD DRAWING SYMBOLS
Figure 2-9 Civil Symbols

Figure 2-10 Architectural Symbols
Figure 2-11 Mechanical Piping Symbols
Figure 2-12 Mechanical Single Line Symbols
Figure 2-13 Mechanical Double Line Symbols
Figure 2-14 Fire Protection Symbols
Figure 2-15 Electrical Plan Symbols
Figure 2-16 Electrical Symbols Single Line Diagram
Figure 2-17 Telecom Plan Symbols
Figure 2-18 CATV Plan Symbols
Figure 2-19 Basic Weld Symbols
Figure 2-20 Landscape Planting Symbols
Figure 2-21 Irrigation Symbols
The graphic symbols used by each discipline shall be shown in a legend on one drawing
of the discipline set.
Material symbols often reduce legibility and, therefore, shall be used only when required
to avoid confusion. Material symbols for large areas shall be drawn only at corners,
edges, and cutouts to reduce congestion. Shading on the back of the drawing will not be
permitted. Material symbols shall be drawn on the front of the sheet and defined in a
legend.
All drawing symbols planned for use that differ from or supplement those included
hereinafter shall be submitted for approval.
2-23
September 2007
2.4 STANDARD FORMS
Shown herein are forms typical of those necessary for design submittals. The list is not intended
to be complete, but rather to indicate the general format and level of detail required.
The forms are of a type commonly used in engineering analysis and calculations and use of
similar forms is recommended. Regardless of the format used, the calculations will be acceptable
in any convenient set of units, but all results shall be converted and shown on the design
drawings.
LIST OF STANDARD DRAWING FORMS
PAGE
Figure 2-22 Earthwork calculations reservoir method (metric) (1 page) 2-59
Figure 2-23 Earthwork quantity average and area (metric) (1 page) 2-60
Figure 2-24 Room finish schedule (1 page) 2-61
Figure 2-25 Fixture Connection Schedule (1 page) 2-62
Figure 2-26 Pump head Table (1 page) 2-63
Figure 2-27 Illumination calculations Table (1 page) 2-64
Figure 2-28 Lighting panel schedule (1 page) 2-65
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September 2007
2.5 DESIGN ANALYSIS REPORT (DAR)
A. General
The design analysis report shall be a written explanation of the project design
process, included as a part of each design submission. It is intended as a guide
for design development and as a record of all significant actions affecting the
function, schedule, and cost of the project. Written material may be illustrated by
calculations, diagrams, and sketches to convey design concepts.
B. Media and Format
The design analysis report shall be presented on size A4 paper (210 x 297 mm)
except that multiples of this sheet size may be used when required for graphs or
other special illustration forms. All sheets shall be of reproducible quality. The
material may be typewritten, handwritten or a combination thereof, provided it is
legible.
C. Organization
The several parts and sheets of the design analysis report shall be given a
sequential binding number and bound under a cover indicating the name of the
facility and project number, if applicable. The title page shall carry the designation
of the submission being made, such as concept design, intermediate(s), and final
design submission. The completed design analysis presented with the final
drawings and specifications shall carry the designation "Final Design Analysis" on
the title page.
D. Code Compliance
The design shall conform to minimum code requirements. Analysis shall be based
on the latest edition of the specified codes (IBC, NFPA etc.) at the time the
contract is awarded. It shall include occupancy classification, occupant load,
construction type, allowable building area, exits and other applicable code
requirements. It shall also indicate all deviations from the code, including the
reason and extent of such deviations. The final analysis and applicable code
requirements with reference shall be included in DAR as well as in Drawings.
E. Basis of Design
The basis of design shall include a comprehensive statement on concept

development and specific criteria to be used in the design of the project. A brief
description and outline of civil, architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical
systems proposed for the project shall be included.
F. Design Calculations
Design calculations are a part of the design analysis. When calculations are
voluminous, they shall be bound separately from the narrative part of the design
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September 2007
analysis report, and shall incorporate a title page and index for each volume. The
source of loading conditions, supplementary sketches, graphs, formulas, and
references shall be identified. Assumptions and conclusions shall be explained.
Calculation sheets shall carry the project title, contract number, the initials of the
persons preparing and checking the calculations, and the dates the work was
performed. No portion of the calculations shall be computed and checked by the
same person. Calculations may be prepared in any convenient system of units,
but all results shall be converted to and shown in Standard International (SI) units.
G. Automatic Data Processing Systems (ADPS)
When an ADPS is used to perform calculations, the design analysis shall include
descriptions of the computer programs used and copies of the ADPS input data
and output summaries. The description shall also include,
1. The design method, including assumptions, theories, and formulas used.
2. Any applicable diagrams adequately identified.
3. All necessary explanations of the computer printout format, symbols, and

abbreviations.
4. Adequate and consistent notations.
Each set of computer printouts shall be preceded by an index. If several sets of

computations are submitted, they shall be accompanied by a general table of contents in
addition to the individual indexes.
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September 2007
SECTION 3
GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS
3.1 SITE CONDITIONS
3.1.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
The site is located at latitude 24°00'N, longitude 38°10'E.
3.1.2 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
The area has an equatorial desert climate tempered by its location on the Red Sea coast.
A. Winds
The wind condition at Yanbu is dominated by a local sea and land breeze system
that is driven by diurnal heating and cooling of the land. The predominant sea
breeze is from the northwest during the afternoon, continuing until late evening.
The morning land breeze blows from the east southeast. Winds are strongest in
the months of February and August when the system is combined with tradewind
monsoon weather. For design purposes a maximum wind velocity of 120 km/h
shall be assumed. Sand and dust storms occur occasionally, typical of a desert
environment.
B. Precipitation
Precipitation at Yanbu tends to be orographic. The coastal areas, therefore,

receive considerably less rainfall than the mountains. The mountains,
approximately 32 km to the northeast, occasionally produce considerable surface
runoff in the local wadis. Heavy rain has been known to occur, usually between
November and March, causing flooding in low-lying areas. An "Intensity-Duration-
Frequency Curve" for area rain fall is indicated in Figure 3-1. More detailed data
are available from the Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration
(MEPA), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
C. Air Temperature
Air Temperatures are as follows:
Condition °C
Range of monthly maximums 35.1 to 48.6

Monthly mean daily maximums 27.5 to 35.9
Monthly mean daily minimum 12.3 to 26.0
Range of monthly minimums 6.0 to 12.0
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September 2007
D. Relative Humidity
The relative humidity varies from 6% minimum to 100% maximum.
3.1.3 TOPOGRAPHY
The site is relatively flat, rising only 10 m from the shoreline to the regional highway, which
is the northeast boundary of the City development.
3.1.4 SOIL CONDITIONS AND GEOLOGY
On the surface, the site is characterized by gravelly alluvial fans interlaced by a

distributary system of wadis. The majority of the site area has dense to very dense gravel
and sand, covered by up to 1 m of dense silty sands or stiff sandy silts. Wadis are
generally dry year round but are subject to flooding from heavy rainfall runoff.
Soils at the site are generally corrosive due to high salt and sulfate content, as is the
ground water found at relatively shallow depths.
Generalized subsurface characteristics of MYAS are available in reports entitled "General

Survey of the Surface and Subsurface Conditions for Industrial Complex at Yanbu," dated
March 1977, and "Subsurface Surveys for Industrial Complex at Yanbu," dated August
1976. Specific investigations have been carried out for several projects throughout the
city development program and reports are available.
3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS
The Environmental Protection Standards, Royal Commission, Directorate General for

Yanbu Project, contains regulations and standards, as well as policy statements regarding
environmental impact specific to development and operations in Madinat Yanbu Al-
Sinaiyah. These regulations and standards are to be used in conjunction with the Saudi
Arabian Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration (MEPA) Document No.
1401-01 Environmental Protection Standards.
The Environmental Protection Standards are specific to Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah. The
Royal Commission, by mutual agreement with the MEPA, acts on behalf of MEPA in
monitoring and enforcing environmental standards within MYAS.
The Environmental Protection Standards may be revised and updated as the MEPA
documents are revised, and as more specific requirements arise for Madinat Yanbu Al-
Sinaiyah.
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September 2007
3.3 CIVIL DESIGN
3.3.1 GOVERNING CODES AND STANDARDS
The design and paving systems shall be in accordance with requirements of the American
Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Ministry of Transportation
(MOT), the Asphalt Institute, and the Portland Cement Association. Water supply and
distribution systems shall be designed in accordance with American Water Works
Association and National Fire Protection Association requirements. Sanitary sewers shall
conform to the design requirements of Report No. 37 of the American Society of Civil
Engineers' Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice.
3.3.2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Roads and Streets
1. Grades. Road and street grades shall not be less than 0.2% or exceed 3%.
Ramp grades to buildings or structures and access drives to storage or
parking areas shall not exceed 5%. Ramp grades at access driveways to
individual dwelling shall not exceed 8%.
2. Cross Slope: Pavement cross slope should be adequate to provide proper

drainage. Normally, cross slopes range from 1.5 to 2 percent for high-type
pavements and 3 percent for low-type pavements.
High-type pavements are those that retain smooth riding qualities and good
non-skid properties in all weather with little maintenance. Low-type
pavements are those with treated earth surfaces and those with loose
aggregate surfaces. .
3. Intersection Channelization Layout. The design layout shall conform to

traffic flow requirements. Typical functional layouts are indicated in Figure
3-2. Roads or streets designated for storm drains shall require special,
open- channel, invert-pavement design considerations.
4. Curb Returns.
a. Primary - Primary intersections use a 36-12-36 three centered

curve.
b. Primary - Secondary intersections use a 15.0 m simple radius.
c. Secondary - Secondary intersections use a 10.0 m curb radius.
d. Secondary - Tertiary intersections use a 8.5 m curb radius.
e. Tertiary - Tertiary intersections use a 7.5 m curb radius.
f. Parking lots use a 5.0m minimum radii at service road connections.
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September 2007
5. Sight Distance. The sight distance criteria are indicated in the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia Highway Design Standards, available from the Ministry of
Transportation.
6. Street Signs. Street signs and other traffic control devices shall be
designed in conformance with the Saudi Arabian Standards for Road
Safety Features issued by the Ministry of Transportation (MOT), Manual of
Uniform Traffic Control Devices by the United States Department of
Transportation (ANSI D 6.1) and/or standards approved by the Royal
Commission, and shall be in both Arabic and English.
7. Driveways. Driveway entrances for residential and commercial units shall

be reinforced concrete construction. Remote area service drives, however,
may be paved with bituminous concrete. Concrete drive expansion joint
spacing shall not exceed 18m. Expansion joints shall be provided along
curbs and adjacent to buildings or structures.
8. Walkways. Walkways shall be of concrete construction. Standard broom

and float finish shall be required, except where special architectural
requirements are indicated. (Expansion joint spacing shall not exceed 9.00
m). Weakened plane joint spacing shall not exceed 3 m. Expansion joints
shall be provided along curbs and adjacent to buildings or structures where
a walk will occupy the entire space between curbs and buildings or
structures.
9. Curbs and Gutters. Curbs and gutters shall be the integral concrete type
except for tertiary roads, industrial parking and paved areas. Expansion
joint spacing shall not exceed 18 m. Joints adjacent to concrete pavement
shall match pavement joints. Weakened plane joint spacing shall not
exceed 6 m. Optional use of extruded curb machines shall be provided.
10. Pavement Marking. Marking colors shall be white and yellow as required
for the application. Border (edge) stripes shall be solid yellow; center lines
shall be white.
11. Pavement Design. Pavement shall be of the following types.
a. Asphalt:
(1) Primary, secondary & tertiary roads.
(2) Public parking areas
(3) Commercial and industrial service areas.
b. Concrete:
(1) Residential area driveways and approaches to garages,

service and parking areas.
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September 2007
(2) Pedestrian walkways.
c. Concrete or Pavers:
(1) Residential courtyards
(2) Public area parkways, courtyards and plazas.
d. In community areas subject to vehicular traffic (private auto parking

convenience, service trucks and fire fighting equipment) shall be
designed for AASHTO H-20 loading. For areas outside the
community use latest MOT wheel loads of 3-AXLE 600 KN (61.2T)
TRUCK PER LANE and/or a hypothetical single axle load per lane
of 320 KN (32.62 T).
(1) Flexible Pavement: Use hot plant mix asphalt. All parking
and service area paving shall have fuel-resistant surface
sealer.
(2) Rigid Pavement:
(a) All rigid pavement shall be reinforced concrete using

Type V portland cement conforming to the
requirements of ASTM C-150. All pavement shall be
underlain with minimum 0.2 mm thick polyethylene
sheet vapor barrier.
(b) Expansion joints shall be provided between paving

and buildings and structures, and at about 18.00 m
centers in paving. Control joints shall be spaced at
about 6 m centers in paving.
(c) All paving subject to vehicular traffic shall be

minimum 150 mm thick. Pedestrian walkways
protected from vehicular traffic or encroachment
shall be minimum 125 mm thick.
B. Storm Drainage Design
1. Design Frequency.
a. Closed Conduits
(1) 50 Year Storm - for design of a storm drain that will be

located in a natural water course or wadi.
(2) 25 Year Storm - for design of a storm drain for a sub-

division.
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September 2007
(3) 10 Year Storm - for all other storm drain design.
b. Open Channels
(1) 50 Year Storm - for design of channels on a natural water

course or wadi.
(2) 25 Year Storm - for design of a road- side channels used for
diverting or removing surface water from the highway right
of way.
(3) 10 Year Storm - for all other open channel design with
sufficient free board to contain a storm of 50 year frequency.
2. Determination of Storm Surface Runoff.
a. For catchment area less than 8 square kilometers, use the rational
method.
b. For catchment area larger than 8 square kilometers, use the

hydrograph method.
c. Rational Formula:
Q = 0.28 (CIA) Where:

Q = Runoff in m3/Sec.
I = Critical rainfall intensity in mm/Hr.
A = Drainage catchment area in square
kilometers.
C = Weighted runoff coefficient
(1) Runoff Coefficients
The coefficient used in the rational formula is based on the

weighted average. The range of coefficients classified with
respect to the general character of the tributary area are as
follows:
Runoff
Description of Area Coefficient
(a) Business
Downtown 0.70 to 0.95
Neighborhood 0.50 to 0.70
(b) Residential
Single Family 0.30 to 0.50
Multi-units, Detached 0.40 to 0.60
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September 2007
Multi Units Attached 0.60 to 0.75

Flat, 30% Impervious 0.40
Moderately Steep, 50%
Impervious 0.65
(c) Residential (Suburban)

Apartment 0.50 to 0.70
Industrial
- Light 0.50 to 0.80
- Heavy 0.60 to 0.90
(d) Parks, Cemeteries 0.10 to 0.25
(e) Playgrounds 0.20 to 0.35
(f) Unimproved 0.10 to 0.30
(g) Pavement
- Asphaltic and Concrete 0.70 to 0.95
- Brick 0.70 to 0.85
(h) Roofs 0.75 to 0.95
(i) Lawns, Sandy Soil

- Flat 2% 0.05 to 0.10
- Average 2 to 7% 0.10 to 0.15
- Steep 7% 0.15 to 0.20
(j) Lawns, Heavy Soil

- Flat 2% 0.13 to 0.17
- Average, 2 to 7% 0.18 to 0.22
- Steep 7% 0.25 to 0.35
(2) The above coefficients of runoff are in accordance with the

ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 37
and Page No. 212 of Hydrology for Engineers by Linsley.
(3) For different types of areas, develop a composite runoff

coefficient based on the percentage of the different types of
surfaces in the drainage area.
d. Time of Concentration
(1) The time of concentration consists of the inlet time plus the
time of concentration of flow in the open channel or in the
conduit from the most remote inlet to the point under
consideration.
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September 2007
(2) The time of concentration shall be calculated according to

the California Culverts Practices, California Highway and
Public Works:
0.385
Tc = 60 0.8675 L2
(H/L)
Where:
Tc = Time of concentration in minutes

L = Length in Kilometers
H/L = Slope in Meters/Kilometer
e. Design of the Drainage System
The drainage system shall be designed for uniform flow. The

velocity shall be calculated based on the Manning's formula as
follows:
V = 1 R2/3 S1/2
n
Q = AV = 1 AR2/3 S1/2
n
Where:
Q = Discharge in M3/Sec.
V = Velocity in M/Sec.
A = Cross sectional area of flow in M2
R = Hydraulic radius A/P in M
P = Wetted perimeter in M
S = Slope of the energy gradient M/M
n = Roughness coefficient
The surface roughness is represented by the size and shape of the

grains of the material forming the wetted perimeter and producing a
retarding effect on the flow. This is represented by the roughness
coefficient "n". Its magnitude depends on the surface condition or
vegetation.
Value of "n" in the Manning Equation
Type of Material "n" Value
(1) Pipe and Boxes

Asbestos 0.011
Concrete Pipe 0.012
Concrete Box Sections 0.012
Concrete Cast in Place 0.014
3-10
September 2007
(2) Street and Channels

Asphalt Pavement 0.015
Concrete Pavement 0.015
(3) Uniform Channels

Cobbles Flush Grouted 0.020
Sand Fine, Silt 0.020
Average Sand and Gravel 0.025
Gravel - Course 0.030
Gravel - Course with Boulders 0.035
Rip Rap Medium Weight 0.035
(4) Natural Wadis
With Light Vegetation 0.040

With Moderate Brush and Boulders 0.045
With Heavy Brush and Boulders 0.070
f. Permissible Velocities in Unlined Channels
Channel Material Allowable

Velocities
in M/Sec
Fine Sand-Non-Colloidal 0.46

Sandy Loam, Non-Colloidal 0.53
Silt Loam, Non-Colloidal 0.61
Alluvial Silts, Non-Colloidal 0.61
Ordinary Firm Loam 0.76
Fine Gravel 0.76
Stiff Clay Very Colloidal 1.14
Graded Silt to Cobbles 1.22
Course Gravel 1.22
Cobbles 1.52
g. Quantities of Water to be Intercepted in Roadways:
Water must be removed from road surface to provide favorable

conditions for vehicles and pedestrians. For various design storm
frequency, water shall be removed as follows:
(1) 10-Year Storm - maintain one unflooded traffic lane.
(2) 25-Year Storm - maintain one half of one unflooded traffic

lane.
(3) 50-Year Storm - prevent water from ponding beyond the

property limit.
3-11
September 2007
h. Design of Closed Conduits:
Closed conduits are normally designed for the condition of flowing

full. On steep grades, part full may occur and the conduit must be
designed accordingly. Construction slopes flatter than the hydraulic
slope will cause the conduit to flow under pressure for the design Q.
In this case, consideration shall be given to increase the size of the
conduit.
3. General Storm Drain Design Criteria
The drainage system shall be designed in conformance with the applicable

system criteria outlined below:
a. Surface Drainage:
Surface drainage shall require maximum use of sheet flow with

collection or diversion ditches. Some streets in the community and
town center areas shall be designated to carry surface run-off.
Runoff from adjacent areas shall be diverted, as required to
minimize storm damage to the project site.
b. Culverts:
Culverts shall be provided as required for drainage under roads.

Culverts shall be designed with a minimum inside diameter of 500
mm. Concrete end walls shall be provided on all culverts with
downstream channel scour protection.
c. Storm Drain Lines:
Storm drain lines shall be designed with a minimum inside diameter

of 500 mm for mainlines and 300 mm for branch lines less than 10
meters long.
d. Storm Drain Manholes:
Storm drain manholes shall be designed for straight through flow.

Manholes shall have removable cast iron covers capable of
supporting a total load of 7272 kg. Grate type covers shall be used
when manholes are used as required. Manholes shall be provided
at changes in direction and at changes in pipe size. Manholes shall
be spaced as follows:
(1) Conduit 750 mm in diameter or less 90 m.o.c.
(2) 750 mm to 1200 mm in diameter 120 m.o.c.
(3) Reinforced concrete box conduit 150 m.o.c.
3-12
September 2007
e. Subdrains:
Subdrains shall be designed with perforated pipe in collection areas

and closed pipes on effluent lines. All pipe joints shall be closed.
f. Minimum Cover:
The minimum cover over PVC/GRP the storm drain line shall be
1.20 meter. For RCP shall be designed per MOT wheel loading.
C. Sewerage System Design
1. Quantity of Flow:
Average Per Capita Sewage Flows
Sources Liters/Day
Residential Area 340

Industrial Area (Non Residents) 95
Hospitals (Per Bed) 760
Schools 130
Hotels 570
Stores, Offices, and Small Business 95
Shopping Centers 220
Mosque 80
2. Peak Flow Factor:
5
PF = Where P = Population in Thousand
P0.167
3. Fixture Unit Values:
For small flows from individual buildings, group of buildings or residential

houses, the concept of average sewage flow has little significance.
Maximum flow shall be determined by the number and type of plumbing
fixtures installed. Fixture unit values are tabulated below and peak flow is
determined from Figure 3-3.
3-13
September 2007
Fixture Unit Per Fixture or Group
Fixture Unit
Fixture Type Value
1 Bathroom group consisting of tank operated water

closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower stall 6
Bathtub (with or without overhead shower) 2
Bidet 3
Combined sink-and-tray 3
Combined sink-and-tray with food disposal unit 4
Drinking fountain 1/2
Dishwasher domestic 2
Floor drain 1
Kitchen sink, domestic 2
Kitchen sink, domestic with food waste grinder 3
Lavatory 2
Shower stall, domestic 2
Showers (group) per head 3
Sink flushing rim (with valve) 8
Sink service (trap standard) 3
Urinal, pedestal, syphon jet, blowout 8
Urinal, wall type 4
Urinal, trough (each two feet section) 2
Wash sink (circular or multiple) each set of faucets 2
Water closet tank-operated 4
Water closet valve-operated 8
4. Hydraulic Analysis:
a. Manning's formula shall be used in the design of the sewer system.
Q = A x 1 R2/3 S1/2
n
Where: Q= Discharge in M3/Sec.
V= Velocity in Meters/Sec.
n= Roughness Coefficient
R= Hydraulic Radius A/P in Meters
A= Cross-Sectional Area of flow in M2
P= Wetted Perimeter In Meters
S= Hydraulic slope
b. Values of "n" to be used with Manning's equation.
Surface "n" Value
Vitrified Clay Pipe 0.013

Plastic Pipe (PVC) 0.012
Glass Reinforced Plastic Pipe (GRP) 0.012
3-15
September 2007
5. Minimum Pipe Slopes:
MINIMUM PIPE SLOPES FOR SEWER MAINS BASED ON MANNING'S

FORMULA "n" - 0.012, V = 0.70 M/Sec., Class III PVC Pipe)
Pipe Size in mm Slope m/m
160 0.0100
180 0.0050
200 0.0042
225 0.0036
250 0.0032
280 0.0027
315 0.0023
355 0.0020
400 0.0017
450 0.0015
500 0.0013
560 0.0011
630 0.0009
710 and Larger 0.0008
c. General Sewer Line Design Criteria:
(1) House laterals shall have a minimum pipe diameter of 160

mm to be laid to a minimum slope of 1%.
(2) Sewer mains shall have a minimum pipe diameter of 200

mm. All sewer lines 250 mm or smaller in diameter shall be
designed not more than half full at peak flow. Sewer lines
larger than 250 mm in diameter shall be designed not more
than 3/4 full at peak flow.
(3) All sewer lines shall be designed to provide a minimum

velocity of 0.70 M/Sec. at peak flow condition.
(4) Manholes shall be installed at the beginning and ends of a

sewer lines and at all changes in pipe directions, slope or
change in pipe sizes. Along straight runs, manholes shall be
spaced not greater than 100 meter for pipe sizes 200 mm to
400 mm and 150 meters for larger pipes. The minimum
inside diameter of manhole shall be 1.20 meters. Whenever
a sewer enters a manhole, at an elevation 450 mm or more
above the manhole floor, a drop type manhole shall be
used.
(5) Cleanouts (C.O.) may be used in lieu of manholes at the

head end of a sewer line and along sewer laterals which are
collectors for building sewers. The maximum spacing from
3-16
September 2007
C.O. to C.O. shall not exceed 30.00 meters and the spacing
from C.O. to manhole shall not exceed 70 meters.
(6) Minimum cover over sewer line shall not be less than 1.20
meter and shall be designed to sustain the superimposed
standard MOT wheel loading over the sewer line.
(7) Pump Stations:
Pump stations shall be designed to provide adequate

capacity to handle the sewage quantity at peak flow. Pump
station shall have a minimum of three submersible type
pumps, two duty and one standby. All structural elements of
the pump station shall be of reinforced concrete, adequately
waterproofed.
(8) Infiltration:
The infiltration of groundwater into sewer line shall not

exceed 400 liters/cm of pipe diameter per kilometer per day.
(9) Materials:
Piping shall be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or fiberglass (GRP)

for diameters up to 300 mm. Larger pipe over 300 mm shall
be GRP. Manholes shall be fiberglass or reinforced
concrete with fiberglass lining or approved protective
coatings. Manhole covers shall be 600 mm diameter cast
iron designed for a minimum total load of 7272 kg. All
sewers shall have rubber gasket joints.
(10) Sewer Force Mains:
(a) Force mains will be generally 200 mm in diameter or

larger. For small pump stations, 160 mm may be
used. For short force mains for small ejector, a 110
mm pipe may be used.
(b) For calculating friction losses in force mains, use the

Hazen Williams equation with C = 110 for GRP or
plastic pipes.
(c) The desired force main velocities are from 1.00 to

1.5 M/Sec. to prevent deposition of solids at
minimum flow.
3-17
September 2007
D. Potable Water Distribution System:
1. Potable water distribution system shall be designed in conformance with

the applicable criteria outlined below:
2. Water Consumptions:
Average Potable Water Per Capita Consumptions
Source Liters/Day
Residential Area 380

Industrial Area (Non Residents) 105
Hospital (Per Bed) 845
Schools 145
Hotels 630
Stores, Offices, and Small Business 105
Shopping Centers 245
Mosque 100
3. Design Flows:
a. The water supply and distribution network shall be designed to

satisfy the maximum of the following demands:
(1) Peak hour demand

(2) Maximum daily demand plus fire flow.
4. Flow Factors:
The maximum demand to be used in the analysis of the water network

shall be determined using the average daily demand multiplied by a peak
flow factor as follows:
Flow Condition Peaking Factor
a. Peak Daily Demand 3.00

b. Maximum Hourly Demand 2.80
c. Maximum Daily Demand 2.50
5. Fire Flow Requirements:
Fire Flow shall be determined on the greatest of the following demands:
a. In accordance with the NFPA Codes.

b. As specified by Project criteria
c. Industrial Zone = 400 m3/hr. with two (2) hydrants in operation
d. Residential Zone = 200 m3/hr. with one (1) hydrant in operation
3-18
September 2007
6. Hydraulic Analysis:
a. The hydraulic analysis of the water distribution network shall be

performed by computer analysis using appropriate industry
standard software. The analysis of flow in the pipe network shall
assume an appropriate 'C' value depending on the pipe material to
be used in the Hazen-Williams formula. Hand calculations using the
Hard-cross method are also acceptable. A minimum residual
pressure in the main of 14 meters of head maintained during fire-
flow analysis. The maximum velocity in the system at maximum
flow shall not exceed 2.00 meters per second.
b. Hazen-Williams Formula:
0.63
⎛ d⎞
V = 0.85 C ⎜ ⎟ S 0.54
o
⎝2⎠
1.852
⎡V⎤ ⎡ 1 ⎤
h f = 6.85 L ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ d1.17 ⎥
⎣C⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1.852
10.7 ⎛ Q ⎞
So = ⎜ ⎟
d 4.87 ⎝ C ⎠
Where:
V = Velocity in meters per second
C = Roughness coefficient of pipe
d = Pipe inside diameters in meter
L = Pipe length in meters
h f = Hydraulic headlosses in pipeline in meters
So = Hydraulic slope
Q = Flow rate cubic meter per second
c. Hazen-Williams roughness coefficient 'C' value for various pipe

materials.
Description of Pipe Value of 'C'
Extremely smooth and straight pipe 140

Cast iron pipe
New 130
5 Years Old 120
10 Years Old 110
20 Years Old 90-100
30 Years Old 75-90
Concrete or cement lined 120-140
Welded steel, as for cast iron pipe 5 Years Older
Plastic Pipe 150
Asbestos Cement Pipe 120-140
3-19
September 2007
7. General Water System Design Criteria
a. Sizing the Water Distribution System Network: Water main

supplying fire hydrants shall not be less than 200 mm and
shall be a loop distribution system. For additional technical
requirements, see Section 3.7.2.
b. Fire Hydrants: Fire hydrants shall be UL approved. Hydrant

branch line from the water main shall be a minimum of 160
mm pipe diameter. Hydrants shall be avoided on dead end
water mains. For technical requirements for fire hydrants,
see Section 3.8.
c. Loop Distribution Piping: Piping in distribution system shall

be interconnected to provide a complete loop. Dead ends
shall be avoided as far as possible. Water from the main
distribution grid shall enter individual loop from at least two
points.
d. Horizontal and Vertical Pipeline Separation: A horizontal

separation of 2.00 meters and a vertical separation of 0.50
meter shall be maintained between water and sewer lines,
with the sewer line below the water line. A horizontal
separation of 3.00 meters shall be maintained where a
minimum of 0.50 meter vertical separation cannot be
achieved. At cross overs, where the vertical separation
cannot be maintained, the sewer line shall be encased in
concrete for a minimum length of 3.00 meters on each side
of the water line.
e. Minimum Pipeline Cover: Pipeline shall be placed

underground and designed to support the superimposed
standard MOT wheel loading over the water line.
f. Code and Standard: The fire protection piping system shall

comply with all the applicable requirements of the National
Fire Protection Association, fire underwriter and the local fire
department.
3-20
September 2007
3.4 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
3.4.1 GENERAL
All building Design shall conform to these General Criteria, except as superseded by
specific project requirement and those requirements established in the Madinat Yanbu Al-
Sinaiyah Urban Design Study. In the event of conflict between the documents, the Urban
Design Study shall prevail.
3.4.2 CODES AND STANDARDS
A. All Architectural Design shall incorporate the requirements of the International

Building Code (IBC), National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and other
specific criteria pertinent to the project.
B. Facilities with food services, public swimming pools and other projects that would
impact public health shall comply with the requirements of the Royal Commission
Public Health Code.
3.4.3 DESIGN BASIS
Designs shall combine innovative expression of current international architectural

standards of practice with traditional Islamic features and patterns.
The indigenous socio-cultural patterns that have promoted Islamic traditions include:
A. Privacy
Heightened privacy factors with particular emphasis on the segregation of

male/female allocated spaces and facilities.
B. Entertainment
Sub-dividing of the building (residence) to provide acceptable inter-relationships

while maintaining established social criteria with regard to the 'Guest' and the
containment of the active family area(s).
C. Religion
Other than in the Mosque, the provision within diverse buildings of places devoted
to daily prayers and religious instructions.
3.4.4 DESIGN GUIDELINES
A. Form, Disposition, and Performance
Site conditions are climatically harsh with generally level terrain exposed to high
temperatures, high humidity levels and wind-borne sand.
3-21
September 2007
The building's form, orientation and external fabrication shall be designed primarily
to:
1. Diffuse/baffle direct sunlight and reduce glare.
2. Reduce solar gain and maintain comfort levels by air conditioning.
3. Exclude wind-borne dust and insects.
4. Resist 'flash flooding' and exclude rainfall of an intensity and duration

expected of a 50 year storm (refer to Figure 3-1).
5. Incorporate selected materials, elements and components to minimize

maintenance.
6. Arrange and relate areas to provide formation of sheltered spaces within

and immediately external to the building(s).
B. Natural Ventilation
Openable window units shall be provided to permit natural ventilation as a

preference or, in event of mechanical break-down.
C. Windows and Screenings
Daylight Factor: Calculation shall be made of window sizing and siting with
recessions and/or applied screenings to reduce direct light intake. Oversizing of
glass area shall be avoided and east/west outlook minimized to the essential.
Glass Type: Residential - Single clear pane and/or tinted pane shall be utilized
throughout. Public Facilities, Institutional and Commercial - Single tinted pane may
be utilized in addition to single clear pane.
The installation of double glazed units shall be restricted to large area glazing
where potential heat gain is considered a significant design factor in calculation of
air conditioning loadings.
D. Maintenance
Selected materials and equipment with proven performance and low-to-negligible

maintenance factors shall be promoted as design selection. Sophisticated systems
with inherent high maintenance cost factors shall be avoided.
E. Provision for People with Disabilities
Provisions for barrier free access for people with disabilities shall be included in all
parking and public building areas in compliance with the International Building
Code (IBC), Americans with Disabilities Act and Architectural Barriers Act
Accessibility Guidelines and ANSI A117.1 standards.
3-22
September 2007
F. Graphics, Signs, and Identifying Devices
Graphics, signs, and identifying devices shall be in both Arabic and English.
Arabic shall appear above and/or to the right of the English. The Arabic shall be
50% larger than the comparable English (Arabic "aleph" compared with English
letter "E").
3.4.5 DESIGN CRITERIA
A. Building Materials
The selection and use of material and manufactured goods from Saudi-owned
companies is obligatory. Specifying materials of a proprietary nature shall be
minimized and subject to verification of availability.
1. Exterior. Material selection may include, but not be limited to, masonry or
concrete blockwork, cast-in-place or precast concrete, insulated metal side-
wall cladding systems, glass fibre reinforced concrete and plastics.
Finishes may include: Exposed aggregate, bush hammered, etched or

sand blasted concrete, cement plaster render, ceramics, timber and
exterior paint systems. Reduced textures should be selected to offset
potential staining and dust adhesion.
Exterior floors, walls, and roof systems shall achieve thermal transmittance
factors not exceeding:
Floor and wall: 0.57 W/m2-K(0.1. Btu/Hr-Ft2-°F.)
Roof: 0.28 W/m2-K(0.05. Btu/Hr-Ft2-°F.)
In walls vapor barrier shall be on the warm side of the insulation.
All exterior metal work shall be non-corrosive or have an approved anti-

corrosive treatment.
2. Interior. Material selection shall be limited only to Saudi owned companies.

Suitability, durability, maintainability and replaceability shall be prime
factors in the material selection process.
B. Toilets and Bathing Facilities
1. Water Closet Orientation. All water closets shall be floor mounted, unless
otherwise indicated, and the axis of fixtures shall be faced away from
Makkah. In public buildings that positioning shall be a minimum of 15
degrees either side of the Makkah axis, (reference Figure 3-4), and in
Mosques, positioning of fixtures must be 90 degrees from that axis.
3-23
September 2007
2. Other Fixtures.
a. A hand-held perineal spray hose with wall mounted hanging hook

and, tip flow control shall be installed at all water closets to the right
of the user.
b. A bidet and combination shower-tub shall be provided in residences

and facilities with private baths; i.e. hotels, hospitals etc.
c. Bathing facilities for domestic labor shall consist of showers only.
d. In all multiple bathing facilities, showers shall be combined with

dressing cubicles. There shall be no gang showers.
e. Ablution Area: Near the toilet room, provide a separate area where
ablution may be done. Provide one ablution seat and faucet for
every 25 building occupants. The flow of water from the ablution
faucets shall be restricted on troughs or channels to keep the
access aisles dry.
3. Number of toilet fixtures. Water closets for varying occupancies shall

comply with the International Building Code and International Plumbing
Code. Water closets shall be 60% western style and 40% eastern style
unless otherwise indicated.
a. Western Water Closet: Western Water Closets shall be floor

mounted tank type, unless otherwise indicated, complete with
elongated siphon jet action bowl. Trim shall be chromium plated
brass. Toilet seats in public facilities shall be open front type, solid
white plastic with high rise seat hinges.
Tank shall be adjustable for maximum 14 litre flow and shall be

mounted on the upper back of the water closet.
4. Service Sink: Clean-up (mop) sinks shall be provided in all toilet rooms in
commercial and public facilities.
5. Floor Drainage. Floor drains shall be provided in toilet rooms, kitchens,

laundries, mechanical equipment rooms and other areas with a source of
water where regular wash-down is required. Such floor areas shall be
sloped to trap-sealed floor drains.
3-24
September 2007
3.5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN
All structures shall be designed in accordance with the latest provisions of codes/
standards and contract stipulations listed below:
1. International Building Code (IBC) *
2. Uniform Building Code (UBC) *
3. Contract Documents and Drawings particular to the Contract.
In the event of a conflict in provisions of the above listed documents, each succeeding
document shall assume precedence over the one(s) listed before it.
A. Design Loads
1. Vertical Loads:
a. Dead Loads: Dead loads shall include fixed equipment in addition to

self weights of all permanent structural and non-structural
components of the building.
b. Live Loads: Live loads shall be as specified in codes/standards

listed under 3.5.1, above.
2. Horizontal Loads:
a. Wind: Wind load design shall conform to UBC *. Wind velocity

shall be as stated in paragraph 3.1.2 (A) of these criteria. Wind
exposure shall be category “C”.
b. Seismic: Seismic loads shall be calculated according to the UBC *.

Seismic zone shall be “1”.
c. Vibrating Structures: Aerodynamically excitable structures (e.g.;

stacks and other tall slender structures) shall be analyzed for
resonant vibration from wind excitation and the results, if significant,
shall be incorporated in the design.
3. Thermal Loads: The range of yearly maximum and minimum temperatures

considered for design shall be as stated in paragraph 3.1.2.C of these
criteria. These shall be treated vis-à-vis ambient temperature of the
structure’s erection. Thermal expansion and contraction of the structure
shall be accordingly computed. The most severe condition shall be
considered/allowed for.
* IBC cannot be currently used for seismic design of structural systems since maximum considered earthquake spectral
response accelerations at short period (Ss) and at 1-second period (S1) are not available for the Yanbu region. UBC shall
be used for complete design of structural systems until IBC spectral response parameters become available at which time
UBC shall be completely abandoned and IBC completely adopted.
3-26
September 2007
4. Special Loads: Mechanical equipment loads and unusual or special loads

as specified in the codes/standards and contract provisions indicated under
3.5.1, herein, shall be considered.
5. Interior Wall Loads: Interior walls shall be designed to resist all loads they
are subjected to. The cumulative total of these loads shall not be less than
0.24 kN/m2, applied normal/perpendicular (out of plane) to the wall. This
load need not be considered in combination with the overall structure being
subjected to wind or seismic load.
6. Vehicular Loads: Design of facilities incidental to roads such as bridges,

culverts and retaining walls shall conform to guidelines stipulated in latest
version of Highway Design Manual of the Ministry of Transportation (MOT).
B. Structural Concrete Design and Construction
General design on the subject shall be carried out in accordance with

codes/standards specified under section 3.5.1. Special structures not covered
thereby shall be designed in accordance with specific project criteria and/or
universally recognized classical engineering theory/practices.
Spacing of expansion joints shall be at 50 meters maximum. If such spacing must

be exceeded, a comprehensive thermal analysis shall be submitted showing
admissibility of the provision. A request for waiver of this requirement shall
accompany the submission.
Concrete classes shall be designated by the Royal Commission designation codes

which consists of the letter “Y” followed by a two digit numeral indicating the 28-
day compressive strength of the finished concrete in megapascals (MPa). This
provision is indicated in the Royal Commission Guideline Specifications Section
03300.
In accordance with Royal Commission Guideline Specifications Section 03300,

Type I Portland-Pozzolan cement shall be used for all concrete works in contact
with soil and including concrete works to a height of one meter above finished
grade; all other concrete shall be Type I plain. This requirement shall also apply to
waterfront concrete structures in contact with seawater or subject to seawater
spray. Type V cement shall be used for lean or blinding concrete only.
All reinforced concrete surfaces in contact with soil shall be dampness proofed or
waterproofed. For waterproofing and dampness proofing requirements refer to
Royal Commission Guideline Specifications Section 03300.
Reinforcing bars shall be deformed, and shall conform to ASTM A615. Reinforcing
detailing shall be carried out in accordance with ACI 315.
3-27
September 2007
Unless cathodic protection is provided, epoxy coated concrete reinforcement,

coated in accordance with provision of ASTM A775, shall be used for all reinforced
concrete works in contact with soil with the exception of slab on grade, and to a
height of one meter above finished grade. The splice with uncoated steel shall
start above this one meter height.
Concrete floor slabs on grade shall conform to the requirements of ACI 302. A 0.2
mm thick polyethylene sheet shall be provided as vapor barrier below the slab. A
150 mm thick granular fill shall be placed below the vapor barrier. The top of
(rough) concrete slab shall be a minimum of 150 mm above adjacent finished
grade.
Bottom of all concrete foundations shall be placed at a minimum depth of 300 mm

below finish grade.
Design of concrete containment structures shall conform to ACI 350 series.
C. Structural Masonry Design and Construction

Design of masonry structures shall conform to ACI 530.
Structures of masonry construction shall be so designed and proportioned that the

masonry is not in contact with the soil.
Design of masonry walls shall be based on the use of Grade N concrete masonry
units conforming to ASTM C90 for load bearing walls, and ASTM C129 for non
load bearing walls. Mortar used shall be type S conforming to ASTM C270. Grout
used shall conform to ASTM C476. Prior approval shall be acquired if a change in
the material used is indicative. All load bearing walls shall be designed as
reinforced masonry walls.
Minimum compressive strength of concrete masonry units shall be 10.5 MPa [1500
psi]. Minimum compressive strength of grout shall be 13.8 MPa [2000 psi].
Allowable working stresses specified shall be those which assume non-

requirement of special inspection. Prior approval shall be acquired if a change in
this stipulation is indicative.
Control joints shall be spaced at 10 m, maximum. Rubber or polyvinyl chloride

control joint keys, which have the capacity to expand and contract, are
recommended for control joints. Bond beams shall be continuous across control
joints, with dummy joints aligned with control joints. Maximum spacing of
expansion joints shall be 30 m.
3-28
September 2007
Where bond beams are required by design, all cells of the last course of masonry
below the bond beam shall be filled with grout. Grout shall be retained by use of
metal lath strips laid over cells in the joint below this course and interrupted at cells
containing vertical reinforcement. The wall vertical reinforcement shall be
doweled into the bond beam, if there is no roof slab beyond, via a 90 degrees
hook. If there is a roof slab beyond, the wall reinforcement shall continue through
the bond beam and shall be doweled into the roof slab.
All load bearing masonry walls and masonry shear walls shall be reinforced with
vertical and horizontal reinforcement. The sum of the areas of horizontal and
vertical reinforcement shall be at least 0.002 times the gross cross sectional area
of the wall and the minimum areas of reinforcement in either direction shall be not
less than 0.0007 times the gross cross sectional area of the wall.
All masonry walls shall have positive anchors to those floors, roofs or columns
which provide them their lateral support. Such anchors shall provide a direct
structural connection capable of sustaining the horizontal forces specified herein or
a force of 3 kN per linear meter, whichever is greater.
D. Structural Steel Design and Construction

All design, detailing, fabrication and erection of structural steel shall be carried out
in accordance with AISC, Manual of Steel Construction, and as noted herein.
High strength steel bolted and/or shop fabricated welded connections shall be
used. All field assembled connections shall be high strength bolted connections
only. Riveted connections shall not be used.
All beam to beam and beam to column connections shall be shop welded and field
bolted. Beam to column moment connections shall be detailed and shown on
drawings.
Steel surfaces exposed to weather shall be galvanized or provided with equivalent

protection against corrosion.
Design of light gauge structural members shall conform to AISI specification for the
Design of Light Gauge Cold Formed Steel Structural Members.
Steel structures shall be so configured that the steel elements are not in contact
with soil.
Minimum thickness of rolled shapes (beams, channels, angles, tees and structural
tubing) and built up members, with the exception of cold formed steel members,
shall be 6 mm.
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September 2007
Connections carrying calculated stresses; except for lacing, sag bars and girts;
shall be designed to support a minimum force of 27 kN.
Back to back assembled, structural steel members shall not be used.
All welds shall be continuous. The minimum fillet weld size shall be 6 mm.
Welding procedures shall be planned to minimize shrinkage stresses that could
result in cracking and laminar tearing. Where full length fillet welds are required on
both sides of a part or structural member, the ends of such welds shall, where
practical, be returned. Seal welds shall be required to moisture seal connections
and shall be in addition to strength welds.
All bolted connections shall comprise a minimum of two 16 mm diameter high

strength ASTM A325 bolts. Connection angle size, where not stated, shall be
selected by the fabricator, but shall not be less than 6 mm in thickness.
Connections for handrails, ladders, toe plates and stairs shall be made with ASTM
A307, Grade A bolts.
3.5.2 ADDITIONAL CRITERIA
Contract documents shall not include details normally developed by the construction
contractor or subcontractor; e. g., temporary formwork, bar-bending schedules and
structural steel shop drawings. The contract documents shall include, but shall not be
limited to, the following data.
A. Reinforced and/or Prestressed Concrete
1. Minimum size of reinforcing steel, with the exception of welded wire fabric,
shall be 10 mm diameter.
2. All reinforcing steel sizes and details required to produce bar bending shop
drawings and reinforcement placing drawings.
3. Concrete details indicating all dimensions to produce the required concrete

shapes.
4. All anchoring and other prestressed concrete details and sequences of

prestressing.
5. The reinforcing arrangement at congested locations, such as column-girder-

beam intersections.
6. Construction details, including construction, expansion and control joints.
B. Reinforced Masonry
1. Minimum size of reinforcing steel shall be 10 mm diameter.
2. All reinforcing steel sizes and details required to produce bar bending shop
drawings and reinforcement placing drawings.
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September 2007
3. Construction details, including wall anchor/supports, expansion and

contraction joints.
4. Lintels and bond beam details and schedules.
C. Structural Steel
1. All details required to produce shop drawings without any additional design.
2. Connection details.
3. The size and length of all welds and the type of electrodes to be used.
4. Camber of trusses, beams and girders.
3.5.3 CALCULATIONS
A. Format and Content
All structural design calculation details shall be preceded by presentation outlining

definition/detail of the structural system used. It shall be followed by a narrative of
the methodology, assumptions, formulation and/or software used to
analyze/design the system. Pointers and references shall be included in the
narrative indicating (sub) section/location, within the compilation of calculations,
where the described details occur.
The calculations shall be presented in a professional manner. These shall be

grouped in accordance with the subject to which they pertain, such as roof design,
floor design, foundation design, earthquake analysis, etc. See paragraph 2.5 F
and G of Section 2 of these criteria for detailed requirements in this regard.
B. Computer Programs
If computer programs are used, the following shall be provided:
1. Description of the software used. The program users guide shall be made
available upon request.
2. Explanation of non standard terminology used in the software.
3. Idealization of the structure and/or an explanation on mathematical

modeling of the structure. Rationale and the basis of assumptions used,
e.g., boundary conditions, system approximations, seismic “base” of the
structure, shall be outlined.
4. Model showing node numbers, member numbers, support conditions and

loading idealization shall be elaborated.
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September 2007
5. Input file and load analysis showing how nodal and member loads are
calculated.
6. Output summary showing the member forces, joint displacement,

deflection/drift ratios and support reactions. The governing forces and
stresses shall be identified/highlighted in the output.
7. Design conclusion or the summary of adopted design results, e.g., in

reinforced concrete beam design, the width and depth of the section, size
and number of longitudinal rebar, size and spacing of stirrups and location
of cut off bars.
C. Checking of Calculations
All calculations prepared by the A/E which are part of the Contract Package or
support the information given in the Contract Packages shall be checked for
completeness, accuracy, numerical and structural geometry correctness,
resolution(s) of interfaces and any other details affecting quality, constructability
and realization of the end product. Checking is distinct from review and shall be
performed on all documents, regardless of whether the document is selected for
internal review or external review. Checking is part of the regular design process
and shall be performed by individuals with equal or superior professional
experience and competence compared to the originator of the document.
Completion of checking shall be recorded on the document.
Special attention shall be paid to the identification of interfaces and interferences,

to their coordination/resolution from constructability standpoint and sequencing of
construction. Any details considered noteworthy and pertinent shall be
highlighted/detailed.
D. Special Mentions
All out of the ordinary equations, graphs, tables, excerpts and callouts used in the
calculations shall be referenced and provided with support documentation.
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September 2007
3.6 MECHANICAL DESIGN - PLUMBING
3.6.1 GENERAL
The plumbing design shall include all plumbing inside buildings and to 1.5 m outside of the
buildings.
The plumbing design shall comply with the International Plumbing Code (IPC), Uniform
Plumbing Code (UPC) and these criteria, and specific project criteria. Where provisions of
IPC and UPC differ, the more stringent provisions shall govern.
A. General Plumbing Criteria
Comprehensive calculations shall be performed by using Plumbing Design

Programs that are acceptable and/or recognized by plumbing industry to
substantiate all design.
All plumbing design calculations shall utilize formats acceptable to the Royal
Commission. As a minimum, the data/information as shown on Appendix PG-1,
PG-2, PG-3 and PG-4 must be included as applicable.
Headers supplying flush valve fixtures shall run full size to the last fixture.
A shutoff valve shall be provided for each bank of two or more fixtures, and where
required for proper control of the system. Shutoff valves shall be provided at
building entrances for piping connections to all equipment and controls. Where
valves are located in concealed spaces, metal access panels of suitable size shall
be furnished.
Unless flanges are indicated, a union shall be installed on one side of all screwed
shutoff valves, equipment connections, and elsewhere as indicated or required for
ease of installation and servicing. Under no circumstances shall unions be
installed in inaccessible locations.
The minimum branch pipe size shall be 15 mm (½ in.) nominal.
Where groups of two or more plumbing fixtures are provided, water hammer
arrestors shall be installed on both hot and cold water lines.
B. Plumbing Fixtures
All plumbing fixtures and fittings shall be of the water conservation type, with a
maximum flow as follows:
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September 2007
Fixture Maximum Flow
Water closets 14 litres (3.7 gal) per flushing

Faucets 0.15 litres/sec (2 gpm)
Showers 0.2 litres/sec (3 gpm)
In general, self-closing faucets shall be used in public facilities.
All water closets shall be equipped with flexible hoses terminating with a self
closing valve. A vacuum breaker back flow preventer shall also be provided in the
hose supply line.
C. Materials
The plumbing specifications shall identify all types of materials, fixtures, and
equipment to be used, and shall set forth explicit and concise methods of
construction and installations.
D. Solar Water Heating Systems
When required by specific project requirement, solar water heating systems shall
be provided in buildings except where isolated lavatories and sinks are provided;
(for example, guard houses and warehouses).
A solar water heating system shall include roof-mounted solar collectors, pumps,
piping and accessories, insulated storage tank(s) and control devices. A roof-
mounted uninsulated tank is not considered a solar collector.
Calculations shall be provided to justify equipment selection. An electric water

heater (separate from the storage tank) shall be provided as a part of the system.
Solar collector panels shall be oriented due south and installed at an angle of 32°
with the horizontal.
E. Water Metering
Design of potable water service shall include provisions for installation of metering
equipment at each facility. Meter installation shall be located adjacent to the
service disconnection or regulator valve of the facility. Meters further than the
1.5m is under civil site work.
F. Sanitary Drainage (Inside Building)
The sanitary drainage system shall be designed to guard against fouling, deposit
of solid, clogging, and with adequate cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be
readily cleaned.
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September 2007
The system shall be designed to provide an adequate circulation of air in all pipes
with no danger of siphoning or forcing of trap seals under conditions of normal use.
Drainage piping shall be designed so as to afford scouring action in the piping

system. A velocity of 2 ft/s (0.61 m/s) is recommended as the minimum necessary
to produce scouring action in the piping conveying sewage.
Horizontal drainage piping shall be installed in practical alignment at a uniform

downstream slope. For inside building horizontal drainage piping, the pipe slope
shall be at least 2% (20mm/m) toward the direction of sewage flow.
G. Chemical/Waste
Waste containing acids or other chemicals which can adversely affect the piping
system shall be subjected to treatment prior to being discharged into the sanitary
drainage system.
All acids waste requires neutralization to a pH 7.5 before it is permitted to be

discharged in any public sewer.
Each basin shall be designed to allow sufficient contact time for the chemical
reaction to accomplish complete neutralization based on the maximum probable
flow rate.
Treatment basin shall be outside of the building and shall consist of acid-resistant
neutralization basin, limestone or marble chips fill the interior of the tank, and
discharge pH sensor.
H. Storm Drainage
All roofs, paved areas, courts, and courtyard shall be drained into a separate storm
sewer system.
The storm drainage piping system shall be independent of any other piping
systems. Storm water shall not be drained into sewer intended for sanitary
drainage.
The locations and sizing of roof drains shall be coordinated with structural design
and pitch of the roof.
Where parapet walls or other construction extend above the roof and creates
areas where storm water would become trapped if the primary roof drainage
system failed to provide sufficient drainage, an independent secondary roof
drainage system consisting of roof drains, leaders or standpipe shall be provided.
Secondary roof drainage system shall be sized in accordance with International
Plumbing Code and this General Design Criteria.
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September 2007
I. Medical Gases and Vacuum Systems
The design of medical gases system shall conform to NFPA 99 – Standard for
Health Care Facility and NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code, International Plumbing
Code (IPC), American Society of Plumbing Engineers (ASPE) and Uniform
Plumbing Code (UPC). The purpose of these established criteria is to minimize
the hazards of fire, explosion, and electricity in health care facilities providing
services to human beings.
Each medical gas station shall provide a minimum flow rate for the proper
functioning of connected equipment under design and emergency conditions.
Vacuum pumps shall be sized to evacuate the required volume of free air from a
vacuum of 19 Hg. Pumps shall be provided in duplicate; each shall be capable of
satisfying the demands of the system.
Units shall operate alternately and shall run simultaneously when a single unit
cannot maintain the minimum vacuum of 19 Hg in the receiver.
The medical air compressors shall draw air from a source of clean air, located
where no contamination anticipated from exhaust, vents, medical surgical vacuum
system discharges, or odorous gas.
Medical compressed air shall be clean, oil free, and relatively dry.
Testing shall be in strict accordance with NFPA 99.
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September 2007
Appendix PG-1
Sheet ________ of ________
Rev Date By Checker Job Number

Domestic Cold Water
Demand Summary
Number Units Per Fixture

Fixture Fixture Units Remarks
Required Public Private
Water closet
Urinal
Lavatory
Wash fountain
Shower
Service sink
Mop sink
Lab sink
Cup Sink
Kitchen Sink
Electric water
cooler
Hose bibb
Total Fixture Units =_____________ Liters per second (LPS)
Miscellaneous Equipment Makeup =_____________ LPS
Total =_____________ LPS
________ LPS = _____ mm building supply main
________ m per second velocity and pa friction loss
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September 2007
Appendix PG-2
Sheet ________ of ________

Domestic Hot Water
Demand Summary
Units
Number Fixture LPH at Total
Fixture per Remarks
Required units 50oC LPH
Fixture
Lavatory
Wash fountain
Shower
Service sink
Mop sink
Kitchen Sink
Lab Sink
Cup sink
Bath Tub
TOTAL = (LPS)
__________ LPH X ________ Demand Factor = __________ LPH
__________ LPH X ________ Storage Factor = __________ Litters
Legend:
LPS = Liters per second
LPH = Liters per hour
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September 2007
Appendix PG-3
Sheet ________ of ________

Sanitary Sewer Load
Summary
Number Units per Fixture

Fixture Remarks
Required Fixture Units
Lavatory
Wash fountain
Shower
Service sink
Mop sink
Kitchen Sink
Lab Sink
Cup sink
Water Closet
Floor Sink
Electric Water Cooler
Floor Drain
Eyewash/Shower
Total Fixture Units .= __________ mm Building Sewer
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September 2007
Appendix PG-4
Sheet ________ of ________

Potable Water System Pressure Drop
Calculation
Cold Water Hot Water

Item Component Pressure Loss Flush
Flush Valve 46oC 60oC 82oC
Tank
1 Street Main Pressure
Minimum_______ pa
Maximum _______pa
2 Meter size _______ m for
___________ LPS flow
3 Meter loss(pa)
4 Static loss or gain (pa)
5 Residual pressure required (pa)
6 Softener loss (pa)
7 Filter or strainer loss (pa)
8 60o mixing valve loss (pa)
9 46o mixing valve loss

10 Pressure regulating station
11 Backflow preventer ( main line) loss (pa)

Backflow preventer (equipment) loss
12 (pa)
13 Subtotal losses (Item 3 to 12) (pa)

Yard piping losses ______ m of
14 ___________ mm line
15 Total losses (Item 13 and 14)(pa)
16 Water pressure (minimum) (pa) (Item 1)

Pressure available for friction (Item 16
17 minus 15) (pa)
18 Actual length of system (m)

Developed length _____ percent of item
19 18 (m)
Average pressure drop (pa/100 m) Item
20 17 divided by 19 times 100
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September 2007
3.7 MECHNICAL DESIGN - UTILITY AND PROCESS PIPING
3.7.1 GENERAL
Utility and process piping design shall include piping and instrumentation diagrams
(P&IDs) and piping design drawings. P&IDs shall be schematic, showing piping material
designations, line numbers and sizes, valves, piping specialties, controls, and
instruments. All piping design layouts shall be based on approved P&IDs.
A. Formulas for Piping Design
1. Pressure drop through piping shall be calculated using the Darcy equation.
Friction factors may be obtained by using the C.F. Colebrook function or
the L.F. Moody charts. The Hazen-Williams formula shall be used for
cement or cement-lined pipe, and the Manning Formula shall be used for
gravity-flow slurry lines.
2. All piping shall be analyzed for hydraulic pressure caused by sudden

blockage of a flowing fluid. The pressure capability of the pipe shall
exceed the surge pressure added to the steady-state pressure.
3. The recommended values of pressure drop and velocity for line sizing are
shown in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1 - Line Sizing Criteria
Normal Velocity (m/sec)

Friction Drop Normal Maximum
Service (kPa/100 m) Maximum Limit
Pump suctiona, subcooled 4.5 - 22.5b 1.22c 2.13c
Pump suctiona, boiling 1.2 - 5.0b 1.22c 2.13c
Pump discharge, generala 22.5 - 90 3.0 6.0
d
Headers 11.75 3.0 6.0d

Branches 45.1 3.0 6.0d
Gases and vapors, general
Less than atmos. (vacuum) 1.2 - 5.7e 61 – 76 50% sonicf
Upto 0.7 MPa 5.7 - 11.75e 46 – 60 50% sonicf
0.7 MPa to 7 MPa 11.75 - 27e 30 - 46 50% sonicf
Steam
Saturated, less than
0.35 MPa 1% of abs. press 20 d 30 d, g
0.35 MPa to 1.7 MPa 13.7 - 29.4e 30 d 50 d, g
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September 2007
a
Average flowrates should not be used with positive displacement pumps. If suction
piping is complex, 0.3 m/sec should be used and a check for recommendations made
with pump supplier.
b
NPSH requirement is the major criterion for sizing pump suction lines.
c
Vessel suction nozzle size is often set by velocity limits to prevent vortexing. Line
must be run at least 1.5 m vertical from nozzle at nozzle size, before reducing the size
of the line.
d
Effect of hydraulic surges should be checked before using these maximums.
e
These values are for headers within plant limits; short branch lines may be sized for
two to three times greater friction loss.
f
Sonic or acoustic velocity, m/s = gkZRT/MW where
g = 9.8 m/s2
k = cp/cv
Z = compressibility factor
R = 847.8/MW
T = absolute temperature ºK (ºC + 273)
MW = molecular weight
g
These velocities will usually be applied only to short branches. Their use for headers
will result in very high friction loss.
B. Pump Head Calculations
1. The pump head calculation worksheet, included in Subsection 2.4, may be

used to summarize the pressure drops and to calculate the required pump
rated differential head.
2. When pumps are specified, a rated flow 10% over normal capacity shall be
used. In the pump differential head calculation, the following applies:
2
⎡ Q rated m 3 hr ⎤
ΔPrated = ΔPnormal ⎢ 3 ⎥
⎣ Q normal m hr ⎦
Normal capacity is defined as the continuous maximum flow required for a

system.
C. Piping Design
1. Design Pressure. In general, the design pressure shall be the maximum

continuous operating pressure, but not less than 100 kPa (15 psig). Short
term variations in pressure may be considered where a relief valve is
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September 2007
provided and the overpressure will not exceed the pressure rating by more
than 10 percent.
2. Design Temperature. The design temperature shall be 14°C (25°F) above

the maximum continuous operating temperature as defined by process
requirements.
3. Equipment Compatibility. Design pressure and temperature should be

consistent with equipment in the same service.
D. Piping Design Specifications
Piping design specification shall include, but shall not be limited to, piping
materials, pipe fabrication and installation, pipe testing, coating, wrapping and
protection, painting, cleaning, and inspection.
3.8 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN
Every system or portion thereof required to be connected to a fire protection system shall
be designed complete with drawings, calculations and specifications, to comply with the
requirements of the International Fire Code and National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA) standards and recommended practices.
All equipment shall be Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Inc. listed and/or Factory Mutual
approved except that listing and labeling by similar agencies of the country where the item
is manufactured will be acceptable, subject to approval by the Royal Commission.
Comprehensive calculations shall be performed using Fire Protection Design and
Engineering Programs that are acceptable and/or recognized by NFPA Standards to
substantiate all design.
A. General: As part of fire protection design, the Designer shall determine the
appropriate fire protection system to be used based on a comprehensive
evaluation/analysis of latest editions of the International Building Code (IBC) and
Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) requirements.
B. Water-Based Protection
If water-based protection is required, the designer shall determine the type of

automatic sprinkler system (i.e. wet pipe system, dry pipe system, preaction
system, deluge system, combined dry pipe and preaction systems) and the
classification of each system as to the hazard of occupancy or the required
density.
Those facilities that are to have water-spray, monitor, foam-water sprinkler, foam-
water spray, and foam monitor protection shall be determined. The densities,
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September 2007
water demand, foam demand, foam type, foam storage, and other relevant data for
each protection system shall be specified.
For systems requiring detectors for actuation, the type, spacing, and locations of
detectors shall be specified.
C. Sprinklers
The design of sprinkler systems shall specifically meet, as a minimum, the

requirements of NFPA 13 for the occupancies covered by this standard.
D. Hose Stations
Requirements for hose stations shall include determination of which, if any, are to
have foam generation capability. Selection of water hose stations shall be based
on consideration of the user/pressure relationship and provision of adequate water
pressure for the systems and shall meet the requirements of NFPA 14 where
applicable.
E. Fire Hydrants
Fire hydrants shall be dry barrel type, opening against the pressure and closing
with the pressure.
They shall have one 4 1/2 inch pumper connection with two 2 1/2 inch outlets for
hose connection. They shall be designed for 1035 kPa (150 psi) working pressure.
All working parts shall be bronze. Weather and pressure seals shall be
incorporated. The pumper and hose connections shall have American National
screw threads according to NFPA Standard dated 1963, The 2 1/2 inch outlet
shall have 7.5 threads per inch. The operating stem nut at the top of the hydrant
cap (dome) shall be a pentagon shape and measure 1 1/2 inches from point to
opposite flat. The direction to open shall be counter clockwise. A minimum 150
mm auxiliary gate valve shall be provided on the hydrant branch. The hydrants
shall be painted with one primer coat of red-lead or other corrosion-resistant paint
and two coats of weather resistant enamel paint of International Red color
(MUNSELL REF: 7, 5R, BS REF: 0.005), as may be available within the Kingdom.
Fire hydrant spacing shall comply with the NFPA requirements. As a general rule
the spacing in the closely built areas shall not exceed 150m.
F. Non-water-Based Protection
The designer shall determine which facilities are to be protected by one of the
carbon dioxide, dry chemical and clean agent i.e. HFC-227ea (FM200 & FE-227),
FC-3-1-10 (PFC-410), HFC-23 (FE-13) and R-595 Blend (NAF S-III) and etc. In
areas constantly attended, e.g. data processing and communication centers, the
agent shall be HFC-227ea, FC-3-1-10 and HFC-23. Areas normally unattended
but periodically serviced by one or two persons (e.g. flammable oil-insulated
transformer vaults) may be protected by FM 200, FE-227, PC-410 or carbon
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September 2007
dioxide, provided that time delays and alarms are built into the system for
personnel protection and safety.
G. Fire Extinguishers
Requirements for portable fire extinguishers shall include determination of whether

portable units shall be hung from a bracket or in hose cabinets. Agents shall be
water, purple "K" dry chemical and CO2.
H. Fire Detection
The designer shall determine those buildings or portions thereof which are to have
automatic fire alarm systems or individual detectors. Buildings or portions thereof
not protected by automatic extinguishing systems shall, as a minimum, be
equipped with automatic fire detection systems. The fire detection system shall be
of ionization type smoke detector with or without photo electric provision as
necessitated by its application. These systems, as well as all types of
extinguishing systems shall, where required, transmit alarms to a remote,
constantly attended station. Buildings protected by automatic extinguishing
systems shall also be provided with smoke detection systems as required.
I. Fire Alarm Boxes
Interior manual fire alarm boxes shall include an audible alarm.
J. Fire Pump System
Fire pump systems shall be in complete compliance with NFPA 20.
3.9 MECHANICAL DESIGN – HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR

CONDITIONING (HVAC)
3.9.1 GENERAL
A. This criteria provides the mandatory minimum requirements for HVAC system
designs.
B. In the design of all HVAC systems and equipment, full compliance to local and
international codes and standards is required. Energy conservation, durability, and
ease of maintenance shall be emphasized consistent with required performance
characteristics and at the same time delivering a cost-effective system to maintain
throughout its useful life.
C. Other objectives to be reflected in HVAC system designs are: flexibility and

adaptability to accommodate future modifications or expansions, mitigation of
equipment corrosion, occupant comfort, acceptable indoor air quality and
acceptable noise level.
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September 2007
The design of HVAC systems shall conform to the recommended practices in the
ASHRAE Handbooks, International Mechanical Code (IMC), Uniform Mechanical Code
(UMC) and the applicable codes and standards listed in Section 2, and these general
criteria except as superseded or modified by specific project criteria or requirement.
3.9.3 EXTERNAL / INTERNAL DESIGN CONDITIONS
The following outdoor / indoor design conditions shall be used when computing the
heating and cooling load requirements for the HVAC systems:
A. External (Outdoor)
Summer
Dry Bulb 43oC (109oF)
Wet Bulb 29oC (84oF)
Daily Range 14oC (25oF)
Winter
Dry Bulb 11o C (52oF)
Notes: 1. For additional local meteorological weather data, refer to

ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, latest edition.
2. Summer design conditions for sensible heat load calculations

shall be based on the 0.4% dry bulb temperature with its
mean coincident wet bulb temperature.
3. Design conditions for the summer ventilation load and all

dehumidification load calculations shall be based on 0.4%
dew point with its mean coincident dry bulb temperature.
4. Winter design conditions shall be based on the 99.6% column

dry bulb temperature
B. Internal (Indoor)
1. The indoor design temperatures and relative humidity requirements for

various specific applications including those that require special conditions
by virtue of functions performed shall be as defined in ASHRAE
Applications Handbook.
2. Where space conditions are not defined in the project criteria or not listed
on the ASHRAE Applications Handbook, use the following general comfort
conditions representative for offices:
Summer Dry Bulb 24oC+/-1oC, 45% - 55 % RH

(75oF+/- 2oF)
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September 2007
Winter Dry Bulb 22oC (72oF)
C. Ventilation
1. Ventilation requirements for various specific applications shall be in

accordance with the latest ASHRAE Standard 62 and ASHRAE
Handbooks.
.
2. Where ventilation rates are not defined in the project criteria or not listed on
the ASHRAE 62 Standards, the minimum fresh air per person for general
occupancy facilities (offices, classrooms) shall be 26 cubic meters per hour
(15 CFM).
3. Unless otherwise specified, all ventilation systems shall be mechanically

operated.
D. Derating Equipment
Capacity of all air cooled refrigeration equipment such as condensing units,

packaged units and chillers shall be de-rated (reduced) based on 46oC (115oF)
ambient temperatures.
A. Air-Conditioning System Design and Calculations
1. General: Designs may be prepared utilizing computer programs. For

computer-developed design data prepared during the development of the
design, the source of each item of data shall be referenced. In the
absence of exact information, all assumptions shall be identified. Economy
cycles shall not be used to minimize high dust loading on filter systems.
Reheat systems shall not be used except in areas where humidity control is
required.
2. Energy Simulation Program: Where Central Plant is to be considered as a

viable system, Energy Simulation Programs shall be utilized as the basis
for sizing/recommending such system. Approval of the program(s) by the
Royal Commission shall be obtained. In addition, input parameters to
attain lower equipment and systems energy consumptions, such as the use
of thermal storage tanks shall be considered.
3. Air Conditioning Load Calculations: Zone load and building block load
calculations shall be prepared for sizing major equipment of HVAC
systems. Projects specified as proto-type shall have as minimum four (4)
sets of calculations using different orientations to determine the true
maximum cooling loads.
4. Air Distribution System Calculations: An air balance and air conditioning

load summary shall be provided for each air conditioning system. The
summary shall include the following detail information for each system:
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September 2007
outside air quantity, return air quantity, exhaust air quantity, pressurization
(exfiltration) air quantity, supply air quantity, static pressure drops, latent
cooling load, sensible cooling load, total cooling and heating loads, and
psychrometric charts showing air conditioning process. The minimum
information required for the HVAC load and Air Distribution Summary shall
be as shown on Appendix HVAC-1. The rest of the data shall either be
included on the drawings or calculations as appropriate. Pressure drops in
the air distribution system shall be calculated. Use Appendices HVAC-2
and HVAC-3 as guides. Air flow rates shall be shown on the plan
drawings, for each air distribution device.
5. Air-Conditioning System Water Pipe Friction Loss Calculations: The friction

loss through pipes shall be calculated based on Hydraulic Institute
standards. Use Appendix HVAC-4 as guide for the calculations. The
minimum steel pipe size shall be 20 mm (3/4 in.) nominal, and the
minimum copper pipe size shall be 15 mm (1/2 in.) nominal.
6. Refrigeration Piping System: Velocity risers, sized to maintain oil return to

the compressor crankcase when operating with minimum load, shall be
used for systems requiring compressor capacity modulation.
7. Low velocity air distribution system shall be utilized on all ducted systems
unless otherwise required by specific project criteria. Duct velocity shall be
limited to 7.6 m/s (1500 fpm) for branch ducts and 10.2 m/s (2000 fpm) for
main ducts, but in no case shall the pressure drop exceed 0.82 Pa/m (0.1
inch water gage/100 feet).
B. Air-Conditioning System Equipment Selection
1. General: "Packaged" equipment shall be used to the greatest extent

possible if appropriate for the application/facility, and based on the
guidelines set in items 2 and 3 below in order to simplify the specifying,
purchasing, installation, and maintenance of equipment. Equipment
selected shall include provisions for minimum cycling of equipment on part-
load operation.
Redundant air conditioning shall be provided in all facilities. Redundancy

does not necessarily mean duplication of all system components.
All floor-mounted HVAC equipment shall be mounted on 100 mm (4-in.)

minimum raised concrete housekeeping pads. All mechanical systems
shall be provided with vibration isolators and seismic restrainers.
Restrainers shall be suitable for installation in Seismic Zone 1, based on
International Building Code (IBC) and Uniform Building Code (UBC)
requirements.
All equipment motor power rating shall be selected on the basis of the
required brake power plus drive losses without any overload. All motors
shall be selected with a service factor conforming to National Electrical
3-48
September 2007
Manufacturing Association standards. Motors shall not be selected to
operate in the service factor capacity range.
All pump motors selected shall operate at 1,800 rpm or lower.
Special attention and evaluations shall be given to the mechanical

equipment noise control as required for acoustic isolation treatment.
2. Residential facilities shall in general utilize the following type of air

conditioning systems:
a. Single family single unit residences (housing villas, townhouses) up

to 26 kw of refrigeration (90,000 Btu/hr) shall use thru-the-wall or
split type air conditioning units. Above 26 kw of refrigeration, use
self contained packaged air conditioning units with ducted air
distribution.
b. Multi-unit residences (dormitories):
(1) Up to 500 m2 total combined floor area shall utilize thru-the-

wall air conditioning units.
(2) More than 500 m2 total combined floor area shall utilize air
cooled water chiller with fan-coil units in each unit.
c. Multi-unit residences (apartments):
(1) Up to 6 units with maximum floor area of 200 m2 per unit

shall utilize thru-the-wall air conditioning.
(2) More than 6 units shall utilize fan- coil units in each
apartment with a central chilled water system.
3. All non-residential facilities shall utilize air conditioning systems as follows:
a. Facilities with refrigeration load up to 26 kw (90,000 Btu/hr) shall

utilize thru-the-wall air conditioning units.
b. Facilities with refrigeration load of 26 kw to 176 kw (600,000 Btu/hr)

shall utilize a direct expansion coil system with ducted air
distribution.
c. Facilities with refrigeration load above 176 kw shall utilize air cooled
water chillers with air handling units with ducted air distribution
and/or fan coil units. Use of fan coil units shall be confined to
smaller areas where satisfactory air distribution can readily be
achieved.
3-49
September 2007
4. Centrifugal Fans: Fans of the airfoil type are generally preferred, although
fans of the backward-inclined type are acceptable. In smaller sizes, only
the forward curved type is available. Fans shall be selected typically in the
middle and most stable portion of the capacity range. Each fan shall be
selected based on the recommended outlet velocity range indicated in the
ASHRAE Handbook. Direct drive is preferred for power roof and power wall
ventilators for improved reliability and reduced maintenance.
5. Water Coils: Chilled water coils shall be sized at 170 m/min (550 fpm)
maximum face velocity for comfort cooling applications and 150 m/min (500
fpm) for complex and critical systems. Hot water coils shall be sized at 230
m/min (750 fpm) maximum face velocity. Coil fins shall have a spacing of
not more than 4.5 fins/cm (12 fins/ in.).
6. Air Filters: Filters supplied as an integral section of the air handling unit are
preferred to a section that is built up in the field. Face velocity shall not
exceed 150 m/min (500 fpm) for any filters. Where outside air is introduced
into an air handling unit, for other than residential application, inertial sand
filters with mechanical bleed shall be provided as required in the outside air
duct prior to mixing with return air for systems of 235 LPS (500 CFM) and
above. Systems requiring less than 235 LPS outside air may use sand trap
louvers with fillers.
7. Air Handling Units: Central station package- type air handling units shall be
complete with filters, coils, and fan sections. Air handling units should be
located at floor level with adequate clearance for maintenance, testing, and
equipment removal. Air handling units located above ceilings or
mechanical equipment, or suspended more than 1.8 (6 ft) above the floor,
are undesirable and should be avoided where possible. Fans, coils, and
air filters of the units shall be as described in the preceding sections.
Layout of rooms housing air handling units shall allow for adequate space
to service valves, motors, coils and control panels and for removal and
replacement of filters.
8. Refrigeration Machines: Air-conditioning refrigeration compressors shall be

of reciprocating, scroll or screw type. Generally, compressors having a
capacity greater than 450 kw (130 refrigeration tons) shall be of the
centrifugal type. Individual reciprocating compressors shall not exceed 350
kw (100 tons) capacity.
All refrigeration equipment shall be electric motor driven.
Redundancy of refrigeration equipment shall be provided in the following

manner:
a. Direct Expansion Systems.
(1) Where a single refrigeration machine is proposed, a

minimum of two independent compressor/condenser circuits
shall be provided.
3-50
September 2007
(2) Where two refrigeration machines are proposed, each shall
be sized for 50% of the system load.
(3) Where standby requirements are specified by project

criteria, chilled water systems or two self contained package
air conditioning units, each sized for 100% of the system
load, shall be used.
b. Chilled Water Systems
(1) Where a single reciprocating refrigeration machine is

proposed, two independent compressor/condenser circuits
shall be provided. Two chilled water pumps (one standby)
shall be selected to match the chiller.
(2) Where 2 refrigeration machines are proposed each shall be

sized for 50% of the system load. Two chilled water pumps
shall be provided, each selected to match and discharge
piped individually to the respective chiller.
(3) Where 50% standby requirements are specified by project

criteria, three (3) chillers, each selected for 50% of system
load shall be provided. Three chilled water pumps shall be
provided, each selected to match, and discharge piped
individually to the respective chiller. At designer’s discretion
more than three (3) chillers may be used.
(4) Where 100% standby requirements are specified by project

criteria, a minimum of two chillers shall be provided. Each
chiller water pump shall be selected to match, and discharge
piped individually to the respective chiller.
C. Vibration Isolation and Noise Control Requirements
1. Vibration Isolation and noise: Special attention shall be given to vibration to

ensure that there is no transmission of vibration or structure-borne noise to
the building and occupied spaces. Vibration isolation shall be provided for
all equipment, ductwork, and piping. No rigid connections between rotating
or oscillating equipment or piping and the building shall be permitted.
Vibration isolators shall be selected in accordance with the weight
distribution and the manufacturer's recommendations to produce uniform
deflection.
2. Noise Control: Fans, air devices, and sound attenuators shall be selected
which do not generate within the occupied space, noise control curve
ranges and decibel ranges in excess of the recommendations of ASHRAE
Handbooks.
3-51
September 2007
D. Air and Water Balance Requirements
The heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems shall be designed to facilitate
ease of balancing both by (1) selecting supply fans for 5% over required air, to
allow for leakage and for maximum operating efficiency based on system pressure
drop calculations; and (2) providing means of balancing the air and water flows.
All necessary air balancing dampers shall be shown on the drawings, in addition to
any general requirements in the specifications. Test fittings, access holes, and
access doors shall be provided where needed for balancing, as well as provisions
for measuring and balancing water flows.
E. Toilet Room Ventilation
All toilet rooms, wash rooms, shower rooms and janitors rooms shall be provided
with mechanical ventilation unless directed otherwise by specific project criteria. In
consideration to energy conservation, make up or supply air to these areas may
use a combination of primary (conditioned) air and secondary (transfer) air from
adjacent areas. The minimum primary air shall not be less than the amount
required based on the cooling load.
F. Hoods and Kitchen Ventilation
1. Commercial-type shall be designed and installed in compliance with

International Mechanical Code, NFPA 96 and Uniform Mechanical Code.
2. Residential type - all exhaust shall discharge to the outside. Recirculating

type hood is not permitted.
G. Duct Insulation
1. Unless otherwise noted on specific project requirements, supply and return

air ducts exposed to the weather shall be internally insulated in lieu of
external duct wrap type insulation. The ducts shall be adequately
weatherproofed and protected against corrosion.
2. Ducts other than those exposed to the weather shall be insulated as per
specific project requirement.
H. Duct Work
The recommended minimum rectangular duct dimension shall be 150 mm.

Smaller dimensions may be used only as required due to physical restrictions.
3-52
September 2007
3.10 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT DESIGN
3.10.1 GENERAL
In addition to all fixed mechanical equipment, systems covered in this section include
miscellaneous building equipment not covered under Sections 3.6, Plumbing Design; 3.8,
Fire Protection Design; and 3.9, HVAC Design.
A. Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, and Moving Walks
Elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, and moving walks shall be designed in

accordance with the International Building Code and with ANSI A17.1.
B. Cranes and Monorails
Cranes and monorails shall be designed in accordance with CMAA Specification

No. 70 or 74, Specifications for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes; the Monorail
Manufacturers Association Specifications for Under- hung Cranes and Monorail
Systems; and the Standard Specifications for Electric Wire Rope Hoists, HMI 100.
C. Diesel Fuel Oils - Automotive & Other Use
All applications of automotive diesel engines shall take into account the latest
specification of the locally produced and available fuel oil.
D. Compressed Air Systems
Compressed air systems shall be designed for operation at an ambient air

temperature of 50°C unless otherwise specified.
The compressed air system shall include the following:
Compressor, motor, air receiver, intercooler, aftercooler, automatic drain valves,

air inlet filter, belt and guard, valves, piping and instrumentation required for
reliable and automatic run/shop operation. The air compressor shall be a two
stage reciprocating compressor with oil free cylinders.
3-53
September 2007
Appendix HVAC-1
Sheet ________ of ________
Rev. Date By Checker

HVAC Load and Air System Job Number
Distribution
Summary
Room Cooling (kW) Heating ∆T Air changes Supply Air Return Air Exhaust
No. Name Sensible Latent (kW) Cooling Heating per Hour (CMH) (CMH) Air (CMH)
Legend:
CMH = Cubic Meter per Hour kW = kilowatt
3-54
Duct Section
Fitting
Duct
Element drop Calculation
Airflow
Duct System Pressure-
(CMH)
System
Duct Size
(equivalent
Rev.
round)
Velocity
(m/s)
Date
Velocity
pressure
(Pa)
3-55
By
Duct Length
Appendix HVAC-2
(m)
Summary of
fitting loss
coefficients
Duct
Checker
Pressure
drop per
meter (Pa)
Elevation ___________ Meter
Total
pressure
Design Temperature ___________ oC
drop (Pa)
Section
Job Number
Pressure
drop (Pa)
Sheet ________ of ________
September 2007
September 2007
Appendix HVAC-3
Sheet ________ of ________
Rev. Date By Checker Job Number

Duct Fitting Loss
Coefficient Summary
System
Duct Fitting
Type of fitting ASHRAE fitting No. Parameters Loss Coefficient
Section No.
3-56
September 2007
Appendix HVAC-4
Sheet ________ of ________
Rev. Date By Checker Job Number

Piping System
Friction-Loss
Calculation
System Pipe Material C Value
Total
Pipe length Fitting Pipe Size Liters per Velocity (meter Friction loss Equivalent Total Head
Item Equivalent
(meter) Quantity (mm) second (L/s) per second) (per meter) length (meter) loss (meter)
length (meter)
3-57
September 2007
3.11 ELECTRICAL DESIGN
The electrical design shall comply with the latest edition of National Electrical Code and
the latest edition of the standards and codes stated in Section 2.1.2.
3.11.2 DESIGN CONDITIONS
All equipment and materials shall be selected and rated for use at the following site
conditions.
Design temperature (duct bank) 40°C maximum

Summer outdoor design temperature 50°C maximum
Surface temperature (direct sun exposure) 80°C maximum
Indoor Air Conditioned Spaces 30°C maximum
Relative humidity 100% maximum
Blowing sand size 0.5 to 50 microns
Atmosphere Salt Spray
3.11.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
A. All alternating electrical power in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah shall be 60 Hertz.

380/220 Volt service shall be 3 phase, 4 wire. 380kV, 115kV, 34.5kV and 13.8kV
Volt service shall be 3 phase, 3 wire plus one ground wire.
The service voltage for industrial and other large consumers shall be determined
by the load level at the point of delivery as follows:
Above 200 MVA 380 kV, 3 phase

30 MVA* to 200 MVA 115 kV, 3 phase
5 MVA to 30 MVA* (To 45 MVA at RC option) 34.5 kV, 3 phase
250 kVA to 5 MVA* 13.8 kV, 3-phase**
(Coordinate low end of range with RC meter standards)
Light industrial loads up to 250 kVA line starting limited to 380/220 V, 3 phase,
motors with locked rotor kVA of 500 or less 4 wires
Public facilities and residential housing 380/220 V, 3-phase,
4 wires
Note: The 220/127 V service voltage will only be provided in areas where
distribution transformer secondary is available.
* When large motors or similar concentrated loads are included as part of the total load, the service
voltage shall be selected so that in no event will motor starting currents or transient switching currents
cause a reduction in service voltage in excess of 1-1/2%.
** 13.8kV service voltage will be provided at areas where 13.8kV distribution capacity is available.
3-58
September 2007
Voltage drop shall be limited as follows:
Maximum Allowable
System Voltage Drop
Service/Branch Feeders 2%
Branch circuits 3%
The design shall include a minimum of 20% spare capacity in each motor control
center, switchboard, and panelboard, in addition to any allowances for currently
known or anticipated expansion.
B. MYAS 115 KV Customer Service And Connection Technical Guidelines And

Information
1. Customer Substation And Service Configuration And Operation.
a. Provide two full capacity underground cable circuit feeders. Electrical

Service Provider (MARAFIQ) ownership includes and ends at high
voltage cable terminators.
b. Provide circuit breaker isolation for each feeder and provide tie circuit
breaker between feeders.
c. Indoor or enclosed switchgear is required due to the high

contamination rate of outdoor insulation in the Yanbu coastal
environment.
d. Feeders shall be normally paralleled at both ends and the design of

protection and control schemes shall be compatible with this type of
operation.
e. Operate plant distribution buses (transformers) normally unparalleled

to reduce motor contributions to 115 kV system faults. When
customer has a strong requirement to parallel downstream distribution
buses, short circuit studies and system operation analyses shall be
submitted to RC and MARAFIQ for consideration.
f. Operation and maintenance of customer circuit breakers and

switchgear are not the responsibility of MARAFIQ and will be
controlled by MARAFIQ if necessary according to the operation policy
of MYAS grid.
g. Emergency generators shall not be paralleled with the main supply

from MARAFIQ. Automatic transfer schemes for Emergency
Generators shall be break before make.
2. Load Shedding
a. A customer load shedding scheme for industrial plant internal loads is
mandatory in accordance with Paragraph 3.b below.
3-59
September 2007
b. The MARAFIQ load shedding system will trip MARAFIQ line breakers
at MARAFIQ substation when required if customer load shedding is
not implemented or functional.
3. MYAS Guidelines For Customer Load Shedding Schemes
a. Objectives
(1) Automatically shed at least 35 to 50 percent of plant peak load

in 3 or 4 steps using underfrequency (UF) relays.
(2) Shed at least 25 percent of peak load in the first two (2) steps.
(3) Implement an independent load shedding scheme that is fully

coordinated with the MARAFIQ load shedding system. Load
shedding equipment should be self contained in separate
cabinets or panels to facilitate easy access by MARAFIQ.
b. Load Blocks (Approximate %)
Step 1 : 10% @ * Hz
Step 2 : 15% @ * Hz
Step 3 : 15% @ * Hz
Step 4 : 10% @ * Hz
*Final load block percentage and UF relay settings will be provided

by MARAFIQ.
c. UF Relay Features: Use ABB relay type FC95 same as existing RC

relays. RC and MARAFIQ approval is required for alternative relays.
d. UF Relay Application Considerations
(1) The load shedding scheme should be equipped with

interposing and auxiliary devices to provide flexibility in
selection of breakers to be tripped in each stage or step.
(2) Potential for UF relays shall be supplied from two separate

buses with automatic switchover.
(3) Install test switches and jacks to permit functional test of

relays and trip circuits without tripping breakers.
(4) UF relay test set and test equipment suitable for the relay and
installation shall be made available.
e. Load Restoration: Restore load only after communication with

MARAFIQ dispatcher.
3-60
September 2007
4. Relaying
a. Customer feeder line protection schemes and hardware shall match

existing "like" schemes.
b. MARAFIQ ownership of pilot protection scheme equipment will include

terminal equipment mounted in separate cabinets or panels in
customer’s substation. MARAFIQ will maintain pilot protection
equipment. Customer shall maintain all other relaying at the
customer’s substation including feeder line protection backup relaying.
c. Instrument transformers for pilot protection schemes at customer’s

substation shall match instrument transformers at MARAFIQ
substation and shall serve only the pilot relays independent of other
relays.
d. Feeder line automatic reclosing shall not be used.
5. Metering: Revenue metering will be provided at MARAFIQ substation.

Customer billing will be calculated from these meter readings.
6. Communication Channels: A communication cable shall be installed with

each 115 kV circuit to provide communication channels for pilot relaying
schemes and, where applicable, cable circuit alarms. Communication
cable shall be in accordance with MARAFIQ specifications and standards.
7. Power Factor Correction: Minimum power factor is 0.90. Customer's

substation design must provide for capacitors on plant distribution buses
when required.
8. Transformer Requirements
a. Minimum transformer impedance is ten (10) percent at transformer

ONAN rating. Higher impedance is encouraged when this can be
tolerated by plant loads.
b. 115 kV windings shall be delta connected.
9. Motor Starting: Maximum allowable voltage dip at MARAFIQ 115 kV

substation due to customer motor starting is 2.0 percent.
10. Fault Current/Impedance Data: Fault current and impedance data At

MARAFIQ bus will be supplied by RC/MARAFIQ when requested.
11. Non-Linear (Harmonic) Load Issues:
a. When the customer's load is non-linear, he shall perform analyses and

evaluations to show that power system voltage distortion does not
exceed recommended values in IEEE-519, Recommended Practices
and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems.
3-61
September 2007
b. The customer shall also determine whether or not power system

resonance due to harmonic load currents is likely to occur and take
steps as necessary to avoid resonance problems.
C. MYAS 34.5 KV Customer Service And Connection Technical Guidelines And

Information
1. Customer Substation And Service Configuration And Operation.
a. Provide two full capacity underground cable circuit feeders. Royal

Commission (RC) or MARAFIQ ownership includes and ends at high
voltage cable terminators.
b. Provide circuit breaker isolation for each feeder and provide tie circuit
breaker between feeders. Operate tie circuit breaker normally open.
c. Indoor or enclosed switchgear is required due to the high

contamination rate of outdoor insulation in the Yanbu coastal
environment.
d. Feeders shall not be normally paralleled at either end and the design
of protection and control schemes shall be compatible with this type of
operation.
e. Operate plant distribution buses (transformers) unparalleled since the

34.5 kV feeder source transformers are not paralleled at the MARAFIQ
substation. Paralleling of plant distribution buses for a few seconds
during switching for load transfer may be permitted based on
MARAFIQ approval of customer's transfer control scheme.
f. Customer switchgear interrupting ratings shall be based on both

feeders paralleled at the MARAFIQ substation as a minimum.
g. Operation and maintenance of customer circuit breakers and

switchgear are not the responsibility of RC or MARAFIQ and will not
be controlled by MARAFIQ.
h. Emergency generators shall not be paralleled with the main supply
from MARAFIQ. Automatic transfer schemes for emergency
generators shall be break before make.
2. Load Shedding
a. A customer load shedding scheme for industrial plant internal loads is

mandatory in accordance with Paragraph 3.b below.
b. The MARAFIQ load shedding system will trip MARAFIQ line breakers
at MARAFIQ substation when required if customer load shedding is
not implemented or functional.
3-62
September 2007
3. MYAS Guidelines For Customer Load Shedding Schemes
a. Objectives
1. Automatically shed at least 35 to 50 percent of plant peak load

in 3 or 4 steps using underfrequency (UF) relays.
2. Shed at least 25 percent of peak load in the first two (2) steps.
3. Implement an independent load shedding scheme that is fully

coordinated with the MARAFIQ load shedding system. Load
shedding equipment should be self contained in separate
cabinets or panels to facilitate easy access by MARAFIQ.
b. Load Blocks (Approximate %)
Step 1 : 10% @ * Hz
Step 2 : 15% @ * Hz
Step 3 : 15% @ * Hz
Step 4 : 10% @ * Hz
*Final load block percentage and UF relay settings will be provided

by RC and MARAFIQ.
c. UF Relay Features: Use ABB relay type FC95 same as existing

MARAFIQ relays. MARAFIQ approval is required for
alternative relays.
d. UF Relay Application Considerations
(1) The load shedding scheme should be equipped with

interposing and auxiliary devices to provide flexibility in
selection of breakers to be tripped in each stage or step.
(2) Potential for UF relays shall be supplied from two separate

buses with automatic switchover.
(3) Install test switches and jacks to permit functional test of

relays and trip circuits without tripping breakers.
(4) UF relay test set and test equipment suitable for the relay and
installation shall be made available.
e. Load Restoration: Restore load only after communication with

MARAFIQ dispatcher.
4. Relaying
a. Customer feeder line protection schemes and hardware shall match

existing "like" schemes.
3-63
September 2007
b. Customer shall maintain all relays and relaying schemes in Customer's

substation including any relaying for 34.5 kV feeder protection.
c. Feeder line automatic reclosing shall not be used.
5. Metering: Revenue metering will be provided at MARAFIQ substation or at

RC/MARAFIQ 34.5 kV Ring Main Unit. Customer billing will be calculated
from these meter readings.
6. Power Factor Correction: Minimum power factor is 0.90. Customer's

substation design must provide for capacitors on plant distribution buses
when required.
7. Transformer Requirements
a. Minimum transformer impedance is ten (10) percent at transformer

ONAN rating. Higher impedance is encouraged when this can be
tolerated by plant loads.
b. 34.5 kV windings shall be delta connected.
8. Motor Starting: Maximum allowable voltage dip at RC 34.5 kV substation due

to customer motor starting is 3.0 percent.
9. Fault Current/Impedance Data: Fault current and impedance data at

MARAFIQ bus will be supplied by RC/MARAFIQ when requested. The 34.5
kV system is resistance grounded.
10. Non-Linear (Harmonic) Load Issues
a. When the customer's load is non-linear, he shall perform analyses and

evaluations to show that power system voltage distortion does not
exceed recommended values in IEEE-519, Recommended Practices
and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems.
b. The customer shall also determine whether or not power system

resonance due to harmonic load currents is likely to occur and take
steps as necessary to avoid resonance problems.
D. Residential/Community Area Primary Distribution
Primary power distribution shall be 13.8 kV throughout the community. 13.8 kV

power is supplied from substations utilizing primary selective redundant radial
feeders consisting of 15 kV, 300 mm2 triplexed cable.
The Ring Main Unit (RMU) designed to have pad mounted switches with fused
taps or SF6/vaccum circuit breaker with suitable protection device are provided to
facilitate the use of 13.8 kV sub-loops within the haiis and haras. For the 15 kV
equipments a, 70, 95 or 120 mm2 triplexed cable is used for sub-loops.
3-64
September 2007
Except in simple installation configurations, ampacity ratings of cables installed in

duct banks must be determined by computer calculation using software such as
ETAP. Calculations must model installation conditions using 40 ºC earth
temperature and 200 K·cm/W earth thermal resistivity. Lower earth thermal
resistivity values can be used for areas near the sea coast if supported by soil
tests. As a general guideline, 300 mm2 main loop cables installed in duct banks
filled with cables might be expected to carry from 5 to 6.5 MVA. However, the
capacity might also be less than 5 MVA, depending on installation conditions.
Calculations must be done for specific installation conditions to determine cable
ampacity.
All primary cables in community area shall be installed in concrete encased duct
banks. The duct banks shall consist of 160 mm diameter PVC ducts for 300 mm2
cable. The duct banks shall conform to the applicable Royal Commission
Standard Drawing details. Duct banks shall have a vertical and horizontal
separation from other utilities of at least 200 mm. A bare copper ground wire shall
be included in each duct bank and sized per RC Electrical Standard Drawings.
E. SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION
The 380/220V system cables shall feed the facility directly or feed individual
buildings from a circuit breaker at the low voltage panel. All cables shall be sized
to meet the requirements of the demand loads.
Low voltage system ducts and cables shall conform to the Royal Commission
Standard Drawing details. The horizontal and vertical separation of the low
voltage system from other utilities shall be 0.3M except for communication lines
which shall be 1.0M.
F. STREET AND AREA LIGHTING DISTRIBUTION
Street and area lighting shall be supplied from 13.8kV - 380Y/220V, 150 kVA
distribution transformers.
The 380/220V street lighting supply shall consist of a three phase 4 wire plus
ground 600V direct burial cable from the distribution transformer to street lighting
pillars and then to the street lighting poles. The cable shall be direct burial
multicore 10mm2 copper conductor minimum.
Street and area lighting shall conform to RC Standards drawings.
3.11.4 SYSTEM PARAMETERS
Unless otherwise specified in the associated RC Standard, the equipment/material shall

be designed to operate suitably under the typical system parameters tabulated, as
applicable:
3-65
September 2007
A. The normal system Voltage and special system shall be as tabulated below:
Normal System Voltage

Nominal Highest Operating
System Voltage Voltage (rms)
34.5 kV 38 kV
13.8 kV 15.2 kV
380/220 V 400/231 V
Note: The equipment shall be rated for the highest voltage values. Fault
calculations and analysis shall be based on the highest voltage.
B. All equipments should be designed for system frequency of 60Hz.
C. Creepage Distance:
1. Outdoor Installations: All outdoor bushings/insulators shall have a

minimum creepage/leakage distance 50mm/kV based on nominal voltage,
line to line.
2. Indoor Installations: The minimum creepage/leakage distance for indoor

installations shall be as follows:
12 mm/kV For enclosed insulators such as those installed inside

metal-clad switchgear or cabinet.
25 mm/kV For exposed insulators such as wall mounted bus supports,
wall bushings etc.
3. Insulation Levels: The Basic Insulation Level (BIL) and Power Frequency
withstand voltage for medium system voltages are as tabulated below:
Altitude above mean sea level

System Nominal Voltage
(kV rms)
Up to 1000 Meters Above 1000 Meters
BIL (kV peak) 170 200
34.5 Power Frequency
Withstand 70 80
Voltage (kV rms)
BIL (kV peak) 95 110
13.8 Power Frequency
Withstand 38 50
Voltage (kV rms)
Note: The dry/wet power frequency withstands voltages are: Dry for one
(1) minute and wet for ten (10) seconds.
The Basic Insulation Level (BIL) and Power Frequency withstand voltage
for low system voltages are as tabulated below:
3-66
September 2007
Power Frequency Withstand

System Nominal Voltage BIL (kV Voltage (kV rms)
(V) Peak) Equipment Panel Wiring
380/220 V and 220/127 V 6 3 2

where existing
Notes:
a. External Insulation refers to the insulation of equipment exposed to

the open air which will be influenced by atmospheric conditions,
such as pollution and humidity. External insulation is further
categorized into two categories.
(1) Outdoor insulation which is totally susceptible to

atmospheric radiation pollution, humidity, sandstorms and
such other vagaries of nature.
(2) Indoor insulation which is installed inside a building or

outside a building but inside an enclosed box such as cable
box, terminal box, etc. where it is not directly subjected to
outdoor atmospheric extremities.
(3) IPxx, protection index shall be as specified in the respective

materials Specification.
b. Internal insulation refers to the insulation of equipment immersed in

a dielectric medium such as insulating fluid, or totally encapsulated
in a solid dielectric, and not exposed to atmospheric conditions.
D. Short Circuit Levels: The minimum short circuit level for one second unless
otherwise specified in the relevant specification shall be as follows:
34.5 kV : 25 kA
13.8 kV : 21 kA
380 V : 20 kA
220 V : 25 kA
E. Neutral Arrangement: Unless otherwise specified in the associated RC Standards,

the neutral shall be solidly grounded for system low voltages and solidly grounded
or low resistance for system medium voltages.
F. All equipment/material and accessories shall be designed for satisfactory

operation/performance based on the above service conditions, unless otherwise
specified in associated RC specification
3-67
September 2007
G. All outdoor equipment enclosures/materials shall be harsh weatherproof and all

metal parts be corrosion and/or abrasion resistant, and the degree or protection
shall be IPxx or equivalent NEMA standard as specified in the respective materials
specification.
3.11.5 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS
A. Electrical Service: Generally, the service feeders for residential units shall be run
from the secondary circuit breakers of the low voltage panel in the Substation
package or unit substation. Feeders for schools, commercial, and light industrial
facilities shall be extended from the Substation package or unit substation to a
switchboard within the facility. Metering shall be on transformer low voltage
distribution panel.
For light industrial areas developed by investors who also provide/own/maintain

the Substation package or unit substation, the 13.8 kV service will be extended to
a Metered Ring Main Unit (MRMU) equipment at area fence.
Notes:
1. Package Substation combines distribution transformer, MV switchgear and
Low voltage distribution panel in a single transportable unit ready for operation
on being fixed in position on concrete foundation pads.
2. Unit Substation combines distribution transformer and Low voltage distribution

panel in a single transportable unit ready for operation on being fixed in
position on concrete foundation pads. The MV switchgear is not an integral
part of the substation.
B. Emergency Power System: Emergency lighting shall be either local-battery or

central-battery equipment. The selection for each building to be based on
economics (initial cost plus maintenance) and practicality. Industrial-type lighting
fixtures (fluorescent or incandescent) shall be used in warehouses, pumphouses,
and other unfinished areas. In finished offices and similar areas, the emergency
lighting shall employ some of the general lighting fixtures, with automatic transfer
from normal to emergency operation. Emergency security and safety lighting shall
also be provided in exterior working and storage areas. Emergency circuits shall
be physically separated from normal circuits.
Emergency power shall be provided for communications, fire protection, and other
critical loads. Each requirement for emergency power shall be checked to
determine the maximum tolerable interruption or deviation in voltage and
frequency for each portion of the load. The emergency power shall be provided by
a static rectifier-inverter and storage battery uninterruptible power system, diesel
engine generators, or a combination, as required to meet the constraints of each
load. The selection in each case shall be based on the characteristics of the load
and the economics, safety, and security consequences of an unplanned outage
and the probability of failure of the normal power supply.
C. Nonresidential Building Electrical Systems: Unless otherwise stated, power service

for nonresidential buildings will generally be at 380/220 V from the secondary
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distribution system, unless the size of the building and nature of the loads would
make service at 13.8 kV more practical and economical. Generally, the interface
between the building service and the exterior power distribution system shall be
coordinated with serving utility or local authority.
A main distribution switchboard shall be located as close to the point of service

entrance as practicable. Circuit breaker panelboards shall be located to provide
switching and distribution centers for branch circuits. Motor control centers rather
than individual motor controllers shall be used where applicable.
Receptables, conduit, and lighting fixtures in hazardous areas shall comply with
the US National Electrical Code requirements for hazardous areas.
Illumination levels for lighting shall be in accordance with IES recommendations for
the areas. The minimum lighting levels and types of fixtures shall be as shown
below.
Area Lux Fixture Type
Offices 500 Fluorescent with low-brightness

Acrylic prismatic lens
Machinery rooms (where not 430 Fluorescent or incandescent,

specifically indicated on the drawing) industrial type
All light fixtures shall operate at 220 V, except that where this is not feasible, 127 V
may be acceptable. High-power-factor ballasts shall be used with all discharge
lamps.
Local switches shall be provided for the lighting in offices, pumphouses, and other
specific areas. All other areas shall be switched from the panel-boards, unless
specifically directed otherwise. General purpose receptacles shall be provided in
all areas. In such areas as warehouses, pumphouses, storerooms, mechanical
equipment rooms, and corridors, receptacles shall be spaced (as far as is
practical) so that any point in the area can be reached with a 7.5m appliance cord
(for cleaning, small tools, and other uses). In office areas, wall receptacles shall
be located so that any point along the walls may be reached with a 1.8 m cord. In
addition, a probable furniture layout shall be established, and wall or floor
receptacles shall be provided that reach each desk without cords that cross aisles
or walking areas. Special receptacles shall be located, as needed, for items such
as copy machines and portable tools.
D. Residential Building Electrical Systems: Power service to single-family dwellings

and dwelling units of apartment buildings shall be 380/220 V, 3-phase, 4 wire.
. Each dwelling unit shall be provided with a circuit breaker panelboard, a main
circuit breaker, and sufficient branch circuit breakers to meet all requirements of
the NFPA 70 plus a minimum of two spare 20A, single-pole circuit breakers and
space for two more. All wiring within each dwelling unit shall be fed from the
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September 2007
panelboard in that unit, except for central alarm and communications wiring, if
used, and thermostat and control wiring for central air-conditioning systems.
All lighting and convenience outlets in dwelling units shall be rated at 220 V.
General purpose receptacles shall have at least NEMA 6-20 R configuration.
Special receptacles for ranges and clothes dryers shall be rated 250 V single
phase, with ampere ratings in accord with the SASO abd IEC Code. Receptacles
with Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) protection shall be provided where
required by the SASO and IEC Code.
All conduit and wiring shall be concealed in walls, ceilings, or floors. All outlet
boxes shall be installed flush with the walls, ceilings, or floors. PVC wires and
conduits shall not be used where fire hazards may be present. Indoor exposed
conduits shall be metallic and wires shall have thermosetting insulation such as
cross link polyethylene.
E. Fire Alarm System: A fire alarm system shall be provided as required. For
additional requirements, refer to Fire Protection Design Criteria, Section 3.8, and
International Building Code (IBC). Smoke detector and fire alarm circuits shall not
be combined with other equipment or device circuits.
F. Lightning Protection: Lightning protection shall be provided by grounding structural

steel, lightning rods (air terminals), and other means as recommended by the
NFPA or equivalent authority.
Generally lightning protection shall be provided for the following:
1. Minarets and mosques 10 meters or over in height.
2. Flagpoles and chimneys or other such structures 10 meters or over in

height.
3. Chimneys, vents, flagpoles, or other appurtenances that project 2 meters

or more above a 2 story building.
4. All buildings 3 stories or more in height.
G. Grounding: A grounding system shall be provided. All facilities shall be securely

connected, with minimum practicable resistance, to the common ground system.
The maximum resistance to ground of a single electrode shall not exceed 25
ohms, when measured by standard ground resistance measurement techniques.
For substations and generating stations the earth resistance shall not exceed 1
ohm.
An engineering analysis shall be made of the ground systems and materials in

conjunction with the cathodic protection system, to determine if copper rods and
ground wires are sacrificial to building steel and, if so, to calculate the amount of
extra thickness required to compensate for the accelerated corrosion of the
copper.
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September 2007
If separate grounding is required for instrumentation systems, the resistance of this

ground shall not exceed 1 ohm.
Equipment grounding conductors shall be carried in all raceways. The equipment

grounding conductors shall have green-colored insulation. Raceway and cable
sheaths are prohibited for use as equipment grounding conductors. Raceways and
cable sheaths shall be bonded to the insulated wire equipment grounding
conductor at each box, enclosure, and protective and utilization device. Grounding
shall conform to the US National Electrical Code requirements.
H. Electrical Meters: Metering equipment shall be provided in the service entrance

equipment of each facility in accordance with MYAS Metering Standards.
I. Irrigation Control Systems: Refer to RC Standard Drawings..
3.11.6 DESCRIPTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
A. General: The equipment and materials shall be specified in sufficient detail to

ensure that they will meet the requirements of the design in all respects. Where
possible, reference shall be made to specific requirements of widely recognized
standards. Certification or listing of a recognized testing laboratory shall be
required as evidence of compliance.
All electrical equipment shall be "Site Rated" (rated for site ambient conditions).
All bus bars shall be braced to withstand, and all protective devices shall be
capable to interrupt the available symmetrical RMS short circuit current.
B. Distribution Transformers: Distribution Transformers shall be the 3-phase, oil-filled,

compact compartmental type that are self-cooled, tamper resistant, weather
protected, and suitable to be mounted in a pre-fabricated kiosk/enclosure. The
transformer tank, specifically designed for underground distribution systems.
The high-voltage terminations shall be dead front and arranged for loop feed. The
transformers shall be equipped with all appropriate gauges and rated for 40°C
average and 50°C maximum ambient temperature. Primary taps shall be two 2
1/2% above and two 2 1/2% below nominal voltage. Primary rating shall be delta
connected 13.8 kV. Secondary rating shall be 380/220 volts wye. HV B.I.L. shall
be 95 kV. (Maximum transformer rating shall be 1500 kVA) .
The distribution transformer shall be designed to be connected to M.V. Ring Main

Unit (RMU) from the 13.8 kV side and to a low voltage panel from 380Y/220V side.
All connection terminals shall be dead front type.
The residential distribution transformers shall be sized by applying a 77% diversity

factor on the total demand loads of the residences served. See Table 3.11.8.2 for
demand calculations and other diversity factors. Calculate residential loads in
accordance with Section 3.11.8. Transformers for public and commercial facilities
shall be sized in accordance with the calculated demands. All transformers shall
utilize a 100% load factor.
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September 2007
C. Package Substation and Unit Substation: Package Substation or Unit Substation

shall be housed in separate buildings or in pre-fabricated kiosk/enclosure. The
metal-clad switchgear shall contain drawout-type air circuit breakers and/or fused
disconnect switches. The equipment shall include all necessary current and
potential transformers, meters, relays, instruments, and fuses. All bus bars and
terminations shall be copper. A ground bus shall be provided.
Substation transformers shall be oil-filled or dry type, air-cooled, and totally

enclosed with provisions for future forced-air cooling. These transformers shall be
equipped with all normal gauges and pressure and temperature sensors. Oil
insulated transformers, installed inside a facility, shall be installed in a vault in
accordance with the US National Electrical Code. Transformers shall have the
highest standard impedance normally available, be shielded from direct solar
radiation and rated for the ambient temperature. Substation transformers with
380V secondaries shall not be rated at more than 1,500 kVA.
D. Switchgear: Switchgear shall be totally enclosed, metal-clad, and designed for the
environment in which it is to be used. Outdoor switchgear shall be ventilated,
weatherproof, and dust-tight or be installed in a separate building or enclosure. All
bus bars and terminations shall be made of copper. A copper ground bus shall be
provided. Circuit breakers shall have adjustable or interchangeable, and ambient
calibrated trips. Space heaters, convenience outlet or local light shall be provided
when required for outdoor equipment.
E. Local Distribution Transformers: Transformers 220 V and below rated up to 300

kVA shall be dry type. Also, dust-tight and weatherproof if used outdoors.
F. Motor Control Equipment: Motor control centers shall be free-standing, modular,

totally enclosed, metal-clad equipment, not less than 500 mm deep. Bus bars and
other current- carrying parts shall be copper. Each motor control module shall
consist of a fused switch or circuit breaker and starter, factory-assembled and
connected. All power and control interconnections within the motor control centers
shall be factory wired (NEMA Class IIB), so that only the connections from the
motor control center to the motors and to external control devices need be made in
the field. Motor control centers used in field installations shall be NEMA Type 1,
gasketed in air conditioned pre-assembled walk-in enclosure or shall be installed
in a separate building. Bus bars shall be braced to withstand the available
symmetrical RMS short circuit current (minimum 42,000) amperes RMS
symmetrical. A ground bus shall be provided. Space heaters, convenience outlets,
and local lighting shall be provided where required.
Individual motor controls shall be used only in locations where the number and
size of motors to be controlled would make a control center impractical or
uneconomical. In such cases, the controls shall be neatly and securely mounted
as an assembly. If an assembly includes two or more controls, the assembly shall
also include a main disconnect switch and feeder wireway. Motor control
assemblies installed outdoors shall be weatherproof, dust-tight and shall include a
roof or sunshade to protect the equipment from direct exposure to the sun.
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Three-phase motor starters shall be equipped with overload protection in all three
phases. Individual 120V control transformers shall be provided for each motor
starter, both in motor control centers and in assemblies of individual motor
controls.
G. Motors: Motors of less than 0.37 kW (1/2 hp) shall be rated for use on a 220V
single phase supply. Motors from 0.37 kW to 375 kW (500 hp) shall be rated for
use on a 220 V or 380 V, 3-phase supply.
Motors 400 kW and larger shall be rated 13.8kV, 3-phase. Motors located outdoors
shall be totally enclosed and fan cooled. All other motors, except in hazardous
areas, shall be standard drip-proof. The conditions of use and criticality shall be
investigated for all large motors, to consider the advisability of providing space
heaters and/or temperature detecting devices embedded in the motor windings
and on the motor bearings. If temperature detecting devices are used, they shall
be connected to motor shutdown or alarm circuits, or both. Abnormal conditions or
overloads on fire pump motors shall operate alarms only, and not cause a
shutdown. When required, slide rails shall be furnished with motors. All motors
shall have a ground lug.
H. Raceways: Buried conduits and service ducts shall be high impact direct burial
rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) NEMA TC6 Type EB rated for 90oC conductors and
be encased in concrete. Separation between ducts shall be 50 mm. The
encasement shall be structural concrete when run under heavy traffic areas.
Service ductbanks shall be coordinated with ductbanks to which they will be
joined. Provision shall be made to ensure the mechanical integrity and
watertightness of ductbanks at joints.
Conduit run exposed outdoors shall be aluminum or galvanized rigid steel.

Conduit runs embedded in floor slabs, vertical risers and elbows of underground
ducts and conduit runs exposed indoors where subject to mechanical damage
shall be galvanized rigid steel. Indoor conduit concealed in walls or ceiling,
exposed and above 2.4m, or located where not subject to damage, may be
electrical metallic tubing (EMT).
Aluminum conduit for indoor/outdoor installation shall be manufactured from

copper free (maximum 0.4% copper content) aluminum alloy in conformance with
ANSI standard C80-5. Aluminum conduit shall be used where there is a specific
need for corrosion protection and nonmagnetic conduit.
Flexible galvanized steel conduit may be used only in short lengths for connection
from a junction box to recessed lay-in-type fixtures, final connections to motors or
other equipment subject to vibration, or in locations where the use of rigid conduit
or EMT is completely impractical, and then only with prior approval. Flexible
conduit used outdoors or in wet locations shall be PVC jacketed galvanized steel
liquid-tight conduit.
Cable trays shall be galvanized steel or aluminum open ladder type. Under floor
duct systems, surface metal raceways and wireways may be utilized where
permitted by the latest National Electric Code (NEC).
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September 2007
I. Wire and Cables: All conductors shall be copper, specified in standard metric
(mm2) sizes. The cable shall be designed and manufactured to Insulated Cable
Engineers Association standards, or Royal Commission approved equivalent.
Cable for use at 13.8 kV shall be rated 15 kV, consisting of three single
conductors, triplexed, cross-linked polyethylene insulated, shielded, and PVC
jacketed.
Cable for use at 600 V or less shall be single- conductor when in raceway and
multi-conductor when direct burial and shall consist of 0.6/1 kV material which is
flame retardant, moisture and heat resistant, cross-linked synthetic polymer or
thermoplastic insulated, with a temperature rating of not less than 85°C. PVC
insulated wire shall not be used.
Feeder and branch circuit wiring shall consist of 0.6/1 kV rated copper conductors
in conduit, with a temperature rating of not less than 85°C. The minimum
conductor sizes shall be 4 mm2 for lighting and power, and 1.5 mm2 for control
circuits, supervisory controls, fire alarms, and intercommunications. Cable for use
in cable tray systems shall meet the requirements of the US National Electrical
Code.
Wire and cable shall be factory color coded by integral pigmentation with a
separate color for each phase and neutral conductor. The color code in the
following table shall be used consistently throughout the electrical system.
For conductor sizes where factory integral pigmentation is not a standard and
would require special mill runs, the use of colored plastic tape will be permitted.
When tape is used for phase identification it shall be applied in manholes, boxes,
panels, switchboards and other enclosures.
CABLE COLOR CODE TABLE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
Conductor 380/220V
Phase A Brown
Phase B Orange
Phase C Yellow
Neutral White
Ground Green
Each feeder and branch circuit conductor shall be identified with a permanent tag
or pressure- sensitive label in all panels, pull boxes, cable trays, wiring gutters and
other enclosures, clearly identifying the power source and circuit number.
J. Lighting Fixtures: Lighting fixtures shall be the standard products of established

manufacturers. The fixtures shall have a history of use under adverse conditions
and shall require a minimum of maintenance.
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Lighting fixture types and lamp types and sizes shall be standardized to minimize
stocking of replacement parts and lamps. Insofar as is practical, the same fixture
type and lamp size shall be used for similar applications wherever they occur.
Fluorescent fixtures shall be equipped with one, two, three or four lamps and high-
power-factor, Class P ballasts. High-intensity discharge fixtures shall be equipped
with constant-wattage, high-power-factor ballasts.
K. Lighting Panelboards: Panelboards shall be the circuit-breaker type, with

automatic trip-free breakers, rated not less than 15A. Multipole circuit breakers
shall be common-trip, single-handle, factory-assembled units. Single-pole breakers
with handle ties shall not be used. Circuit breakers shall be suitable for operation
at 40°C or shall be ambient temperature compensated and rated for interrupting
the available symmetrical RMS fault current at a minimum of 10,000 amperes.
Unless otherwise specified, full capacity insulated neutral bus shall be provided in
each panelboard.
3.11.7 DRAWING SEQUENCE
Electrical design drawings shall be presented in the following sequence:
1. Index of drawings
2. Symbols, abbreviations and general notes
3. Electrical site plan (power and exterior lighting)
4. Single-line diagrams
5. Building power, grounding, and lightning protection plans
6. Cable schedule
7. Building lighting plans
8. Panel schedules
9. Schedules: lighting fixtures and equipment
10. Fire alarm, public address, telephone riser diagrams
11. Fire alarm, public address, telephone plans
12. Control, schematics and other diagrams
13. Installation, details, sections and elevations
14. Master equipment list (if required)
3.11.8 RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICAL LOAD ESTIMATING
Private residence electrical load estimates begin with estimating the electrical
demand for each individual housing unit, i.e., villa, town house or apartment.
Estimating methods described in the following guidelines use VA/m2 demand
factors to calculate total demand for a housing unit.
When the actual living area (ALA) of a housing unit is known, use Figure 3-5 to
find the VA/m2. This table shows VA/m2 values for housing units up to 1000 m2.
The demand for housing units larger than 1000 m2 can be calculated using
formulas in Tables 3.11.8.1 and 3.11.8.2.
For new subdivisions, when the ALA of housing units is not known, it must be
estimated from lot sizes by applying restrictions from zoning codes with regard to
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September 2007
allowable or useable building space for individual lots. If the entire allowable
building space of a particular lot were to be used, the resulting housing unit would
have a maximum living area (MLA). However, empirical data for MYAS residential
areas has shown that housing units with MLA are extremely rare. The same data
has shown that realistic estimates for expected sizes of housing units can be
estimated by applying appropriate factors to calculated MLA values to produce
estimated living area (ELA) values. See Table 3.11.8.1 for ELA calculation
formulas. ELA values are then used with Figure 3-5 to estimate electrical demand.
Use formulas in Table 3.11.8.2 to calculate diversified demand at distribution

transformers in residential areas.
Use formulas in Table 3.11.8.2 to calculate diversified demand for residential loads
at main circuit or substation levels.
Formulas and factors used in Table 3.11.8.1, Table 3.11.8.2, Table 3.11.8.3 and
Figure 3.-5 are derived in Engineering Report No. E-002 entitled ‘COMMUNITY
AREA SIX HAIIS REPORT ON INFRASTRUCTURE ANALYSIS &
TELECOMMUNICATION”, dated March 1992.
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September 2007
Table 3.11.8.1
PRIVATE LOT LIVING AREA CALCULATIONS
Zoning Code MLA Calculation Method ELA Calculation Method

(Note 1)
R1
a) 500 m 2 to 799 m 2 Lots: All lot sizes:
⎛ Lot Area ⎞ ELA = 450 + (Lot Area –725) (0.5)

MLA = (2) ( 26 −10 ) ⎜ −4⎟
⎝ 26 ⎠
⎛ Lot Area ⎞
= 32 ⎜ −4⎟
⎝ 26 ⎠
= (1.23) (Lot Area) – 128

b) 800 m 2 to 1849 m 2 Lots:
⎛ Lot Area ⎞
MLA = (2) ( 30 −10 ) ⎜ −6⎟
⎝ 30 ⎠
⎛ Lot Area ⎞
= 40 ⎜ −6⎟
⎝ 30 ⎠
= (1.33) (Lot Area) – 240
c) 1850 m 2and Larger Lots:
MLA = (1.2) (Lot Area)
⎛ Lot Area ⎞
R2 MLA = (2) ( 25 −10 ) ⎜ ⎟ ELA = 0.75 MLA
⎝ 25 ⎠
= (1.2) (Lot Area)
R3 MLA = (1.5) (Lot Area) ELA = 0.67 MLA
M (Same as R1) (Same as R1)
I (Same as R1) (Same as R1)
Note 1: See Table 3.11.7.3 for Land Use Codes.
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September 2007
Table 3.11.8.2
DEMAND CALCULATION FORMULAS
KVA DEMANDS AT RESIDENCE (DEM)
Lots zoned M, I, R1 less than 2000 m2 and R2 less than 600 m2
DEM = (ELA) (VA x 10-3), VA value from Figure 3-5 composite curve.
or:
DEM = [ELA] [0.12028 – (1.2172 x 10-4) (ELA) + (6.5 x 10-8) (ELA2)]
R1 lots larger than 2000 m2
DEM = (ELA) (0.9)(0.7)
R2 lots larger than 600 m2 and all R3 lots
DEM = (ELA) (0.9)
KVA DEMAND AT DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER (XDEM)
XDEM = DEM/1.3
KVA DEMAND AT SUBSTATION OR MAIN CIRCUIT (SDEM)
SDEM = XDEM/1.15
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September 2007
Table 3.11.8.3
LAND USE CODES AND DESCRIPTION
Description Code Description Code
1. Bikeway B 28 Primary Boy’s School PB

2. Commercial Center C 29 Primary Girl’s School PG
(Retail) 30 Playlot PL
3. Commercial C-4 31 Playlot/Playspace PL/Psp
4. Central Investigation CI 32 Post Office Branch POB
5. Car Parking CP 33 Swimming Pool POOL
6. Commercial Reserve CR 34 Parking Reserve PR
7. Drainage D 35 Public Square PS
8. Fire Station FIRE 36 Playspace PS
9. Health/Dental Center HC 37 Playspace/Playout PSP/PL
10 Imam I 38 Public Area PUB
11 Intermediate Boy’s IB 39 Pedestrian/Bikeway P/B
School 40 Pedestrian/Bikeway/ P/B/D
12 Intermediate Girls IG Drainage
School 41 Pedestrian/Drainage P/D
13 Juma Mosque JM 42 Detached Villas R1
14 Kickabout K 43 Town Houses R2
15 Kindergarten KG 44 Apartments R3
16 Local Center (Retail) LC 45 Right of Way ROW
17 Local Community LCC 46 Secondary Boy’s School SB
Center 47 Sports Center SC
18 Local Mosque LM 48 Sports Ground SG
19 Local Park LP 49 Secondary Girl’s School SGS
20 Lift Station LS 50 Special School SP
21 Muezzin M 51 Sanitary Pump Station SPS
22 Major Sports Ground MSG 52 Traffic Accident Station TAS
23 Neighborhood NC 53 Telecommunications TO
Center (Retail) Office
24. Neighborhood NCC
Community Center
25 Narcotics Investigation NI
26 Neighborhood Park NP
27 Pedestrian P
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September 2007
3.12 TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGN
3.12.1 GENERAL
The Contractor shall provide the project requirements for the telecommunications
(telecom) system, complete with plans, layouts and details of equipment locations, and
design and installation of conduits, raceways, and accessories.
3.12.2 EQUIPMENT SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION
The contractor will furnish and install console(s), equipment, cable, wire and accessories
as required by the project design.
3.12.3 DESIGN DETAILS
The Design Contractor shall obtain descriptive data for telecom equipment from the Royal
Commission for use in design and layout of the system. System details to be considered
include the following:
A. Telephone sets, including type: wall mounted, desktop, hands free, decorative, etc.
B. Extension telephone sets, same selections as above.
C. Emergency telephones
D. Telephone hot lines
E. Dedicated lines
F. Key systems
G. Electronic private automatic branch exchange (EPABX).
H. Cable television (CATV)
I. Closed circuit television (CCTV)
J. Cable terminal requirements
K. Location and dimensions of rooms, closets and floor areas for telecom equipment
installation, satellite terminals and operator consoles.
L. Raceways.
1. Materials
Raceways may be of galvanized steel or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material;

the term includes rigid metal conduit, rigid non-metallic conduit,
intermediate metal conduit, liquidtight flexible metal conduit, flexible
metallic tubing, flexible metal conduit, electrical metallic tubing, flexible
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September 2007
metal conduit, electrical metallic tubing, underfloor raceways, cellular
concrete floor raceways, cellular metal floor raceways, surface raceways,
and wireways. PVC conduits or insulated wire shall not be used where fire
hazards may be present.
2. Installation
The Contractor shall design the raceway system as an integral part of the
building(s). The raceway system shall be continuous from the EPABX
outlet boxes. Raceway systems shall be separate runs for telephone, cable
television and closed circuit television systems.
M. Exterior Duct System
1. Material shall be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conduit, Series 3 wall thickness.

In accordance with K.S.A. standards and encased in concrete as shown on
the MYAS Standard Drawings.
2. Installation. A minimum of two 50 mm diameter conduits shall be run from

a nearby telecom manhole or interface point (as specified by the Royal
Commission) to the EPABX or TTC location in the building. Conduit runs
shall be at minimum 0.80 m below finished grade.
3.12.4 DESIGN CRITERIA
The Telecommunication Network shall be designed in accordance with criteria presented

in the A/E GUIDELINE TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK OUTSIDE PLANT JULY
1987. The design contractor shall design a telecommunication conduit network to include
manholes, handholes, and accessories. Include in the design continuous ducts to
facilities, housing, buildings, or predetermined interface points. Include in the design task
conduits designed for traffic control and emergency and pay telephones if required. An
increment of ducts for CATV shall be part of the design consideration. Establishment of
conduit corridors and other utility locations are the responsibility of the design contractor
within the parameters of these guidelines.
A. Manhole Spacing
1. The construction of the cable duct system shall be based upon the design
cable tensile strength and the frictional resistance. Distance between
manholes shall be determined accordingly.
2. Calculation of cable tractive force shall be designed for both possible pull-in
directions. Approved pull-in length for cable to manholes shall not exceed
270 meters in any straight run.
3. Bends in any duct run with a radius between 2.5 meters and 80 meters
reduce feasible pull-in length, this must be taken into account (Limit: 2-90°
bends to a straight conduit section). To minimize cost, determine the
optimal location of each manhole for each duct route. Accomplish this by
use of the attached graphs for pattern of bent, cable duct sections, Exhibits
1 through 6.
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September 2007
B. Serving Area Design
1. Serving area shall be determined by the design contractor's use of the

Serving Area Concept (SAC). Each serving area will be served with a
cross-connect cabinet (CCC)/Telephone Electronic Cabinet (TEC) of a
standard size; standard size is 1200 pairs for cable connections with 400
pairs for feed (in) and 800 pairs for distribution (out).
2. CCC/TEC shall be provided under separate contract; only the location of

the cabinet and ducting is included as part of the design work.
3. Adjacent to the CCC/TEC, design locations for CATV power cabinets.
4. Ducting for the telephone and CATV cables and power source for the
CATV amplification at the area of the CCC/TEC shall be as indicated on
Exhibit 9.
5. The method of determining the approximate location of the CCC/TEC shall

be based on the estimated ultimate line requirements and the limitation
size of the CCC/TEC; i.e., 800 pairs per B.(1). These factors shall
incorporate distribution to the following building types:
a. Apartments - 2 lines
b. Townhouses - 2 lines
c. Villas - 3 lines
d. Public Buildings -*
e. Schools -*
f. Industrial Facilities -*
* Use of standard ratio of PBX stations/ trunk pairs plus fire alarm,
security, etc.
6. Exact location of the CCC/TEC must be shown, and reflect consideration of

traffic hazards toward workmen and parking for construction tasks at the
CCC/TEC. The site selected shall not be a detriment to the appearance of
the neighborhood. Landscaping or a decorative enclosure should be
consistent with the architectural character of the design. Refer to Exhibit 7
for typical preferred CCC/TEC scheme location.
7. Conduit distribution design shall commence at the interface point as

indicated by the Royal Commission. Refer to Exhibit 8 for a typical
interface point installation.
8. Conduit ductbank, manholes, handholes, and accessories shall be in

accordance with MYAS Standards and Saudi Telephone Company (STC)
standards for main ducts and sub-ducts.
3-83
September 2007
C. Conduit Sizing
1. The conduit system shall be designed and sized to accommodate the

ultimate number of telephone and CATV cables. The rule-of-thumb in
conduit design shall include additional ducts for municipal and maintenance
use. Filler ducts shall be included for the construction of standard
configuration.
2. At manholes from which CCC/TEC and CATV cables shall be connected,

design 8 x 50 mm PVC to the CCC/TEC cabinets and 1 x 50 mm PVC to
the CATV cabinets.
3. Commence at CATV cabinet by extending a 1 x 50 mm PVC conduit to the

low voltage power source (127V AC.) Refer to Exhibit 9 for a typical
scheme.
4. Each manhole shall have a 1 x 50 mm PVC stub- out to extend to an area

designated by the design contractor. Termination points shall be identified
on "As-Built Drawings". Refer to Exhibit 10.
D. Duct Bank Design and Extensions
1. Basic conduit sizes and quantities of ducts in any bank within a

neighborhood (SAC) shall be as follows:
a. Manhole to Manhole/Handhole - 4 x 110 mm; increased where

express ducts extend through and are required to provide feeder
pairs to subsequent CCC/TEC. The largest cable permitted in a
neighborhood project from a main feeder will be 1200 pairs,
allowing up to 4 CCC/TEC in a route; 400 pairs feeder per
CCC/TEC in a serving area.
b. Handhole to handhole - 4 x 110 mm.
c. Handhole to each resident site - 2 x 50 mm.
d. Handhole to large building site (industrial, commercial, or public

facility) - 2 x 50 mm. REF: 3.12.3(N)
e. Apartment complex - 2 x 50 mm
Refer to Exhibits 11 and 12.
2. The number of ducts from a chamber to building sites shall be limited to 4

conduits each for telephone and CATV.
3. All ducts shall be mandril tested.
4. All ducts shall have a pulling-in nylon cord left in place.
3-84
September 2007
5. Duct Bending Radii Limitations:
a. 110 mm - 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 meters
b. 50 mm - 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 meters
6. A manhole identification number system shall be provided by the Royal

Commission.
7. An alphanumeric conduit identification system shall be part of the design

task and be in accordance with Standard Drawing RC-T-1.
3-85
September 2007
3.13 LANDSCAPE DESIGN
3.13.1 GENERAL
In order to maintain design uniformity throughout the community, landscape design shall
be guided by:
1. Parks, Recreation & Landscape Guidelines - Vol I The Master Plan Report
.
2. Parks, Recreation & Landscape Guidelines - Vol II Landscape Design Manual.
which provide design criteria and guidelines for the landscaping of both public and private
areas; provide specific requirements and recommendations regarding soil improvement
and irrigation systems; identify geographic areas and recommend plant selection for
specific land use within each area; and provide a maintenance program.
3.13.2 LANDSCAPE PLANTING
A. Plant Materials
1. Trees planted in linear or other geometric formations shall be specified to

be matched, and planted plumb and true in complete alignment with the
adjacent trees. If natural, more informal growing of trees are detailed in the
design, then care shall be taken to specify various heights, multi-trunks,
and low branching characteristics. Trees planted in paving shall have their
clearance specified in the plant schedule from the ground to the first branch
and shall be planted plumb, straight, and true in the exact center of the
paving cut out.
2. Palm heights shall be specified as the amount of clear trunk from the
ground to the base of the first frond. As for trees, matched Palms or multi-
trunk Palms shall be specified depending upon the design intent. When
specified as multi-trunks, the clear trunk height of each trunk shall be given.
3. Specification of sizes & spacing of plants shall be made so that the

installation yields a fully covered planting area upon maturity.
4. Full Plant specifications including height, spread, caliper, number of canes,

stems or trunks, container size, and pertinent remarks shall be given as
applicable for each plant, and shall be shown on the plant schedule (See
Section 3.13.2.C, Landscape Plant Schedule).
5. Minimum requirements of Plant Materials to be specified in construction bid

documents are summarized as follows:
3-98
September 2007
a. Ground Cover - well-rooted cuttings grown in flats or
young plants in 10 cm pots.
b. Small shrubs, - well rooted & branched young

(up to 1.5 M plants in 4 liter containers, once
O.C. spacing) transplanted
c. Medium & - well rooted & branched plants in

Large Shrubs 19 liter containers, twice transplanted
d. Tree whips, trees planted - 1.75 m Hgt., 1.3 cm Caliper in

well ahead of residential 19 liter container
occupancy/ general use
e. Large trees, street/area - 3.0 m Hgt., 3.2 cm Caliper, with

trees where residential 30 cm root ball, well branched with
occupancy/ general use sturdy structure
in immediate vicinity.
6. All planting materials shall be certified free of pest and diseases.
B Standard Planting Requirements
This section identifies required typical notes and details for landscape planting
construction documents in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah (MYAS).
1. Preparation of plant pits, beds, and installation of all plants shall be in

accordance with the standard details and as described in the
specifications. Situations requiring exceptions shall be fully detailed and
documented by the landscape designer prior to the Preliminary Design
submittal and shall be approved by the Royal Commission prior to design
completion.
2. All areas to be planted shall be tested for percolation and where the
penetration rate is less than 25 mm per hour, additional drainage holes
shall be augured and filled with sand until the percolation rate exceeds 25
mm per hour.
3. Planting soil in tree and shrub areas shall always have a finish grade 50
mm below adjacent finish grades paving. Planting soil in lawn areas shall
always have a finish grade 25 mm below adjacent finish grades.
4. The quality and size of all plants shall be fully specified. The Royal
Commission may reject non-conforming plant materials at any time during
the construction contract period.
5. All plants shall be from approved MYAS plant list, or suitable to hot arid
environment with irrigation.
6. The construction contractor will be required to acclimate all specified

species under field conditions in the MYAS climate and environment.
3-99
September 2007
7. All planting procedures and operations shall be rigidly enforced in

accordance with the specifications.
8. All special situations, conditions and requirements for installation or

maintenance pertaining to the intended design effect shall be clearly
detailed and noted on the drawings by the landscape designer.
9. Turf areas (grass) shall be designed in accordance with existing MYAS

policy and shall be constructed according to the specifications. Where
suitable and approved, hydromulching may be specified, but shall be
accomplished by personnel experienced in this technology.
10. The following criteria for shrubs and groundcovers shall guide the
placement of plants to maximize aesthetic effect and minimize
maintenance.
a. The minimum width planting area able to accept a shrub or

groundcover shall be 1 times the on-center spacing.
b. The minimum setback of shrubs and groundcovers from the face
of buildings to free standing walls shall be the on-center spacing.
c. The minimum setback of shrubs and groundcovers from sidewalk

edges shall be equal to the on-center spacing.
d. The minimum setback of shrubs and groundcovers from curb

edges shall be 1 times the on-center spacing.
e. No shrubs or groundcovers shall be planted in primary road

medians, where the planting area is less than two meters wide.
11. Interior landscaping in controlled environments shall generally utilize

hydroponic irrigation technology with careful consideration and evaluation
of interior space requirements, circulation patterns, light levels and HVAC
system effects. Interior tree specimens shall be grown in a 50%/50%
medium of sand and organic matter.
C. Landscape Plant Schedules:
1. Every landscape planting package (plans) shall include a lead drawing(s)

containing a Master Plant Schedule as follows:
3-100
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2. Each Planting Plan shall include the following information pertaining to
that specific drawing location.
A - Location Plan
B - Plant List with Quantities
C - Plant Specification (height, caliper… etc.)
D - Notes
Quantity Abbreviation Botanical Name
3.13.3 IRRIGATION
A. Irrigation Design Criteria
The following criteria shall be taken into consideration and incorporated into the
design of the irrigation systems.
1. Deep watering devices utilizing drip or bubbler systems as approved shall

be installed for all street trees and other trees surrounded by paving to
discourage surface rooting.
2. As a general rule, water conserving and full value species shall not be
mixed on one remote control valve. However, water conserving and full
value species may be irrigated on the same remote control valve with
appropriate adjustments in operational outlets to account for required
irrigation regimes for the individual species in the proposed plant mix.
3. Due to the possibility of non-proportional irrigation rate adjustments

during growth and at maturity, trees shall not be mixed with other
plantings on the same remote control valve zone. Shrubs and ground
cover may be irrigated on the same zone.
4. Multi outlet drip emitters shall be used for irrigating shrubs and ground
cover only.
5. A minimum of two bubblers shall be used per tree.
6. In general non-potable water, Treated Sewage Effluent (TSE) shall be

used for irrigation. For areas such as mosques, schools, hospitals and
lawns potable water shall be used for irrigation with the prior approval
from R.C.
3-102
7. Tertiary distribution design in large mass planting areas shall incorporate
header mains and branches of short length where practicable in lieu of
lengthy, convoluted, single distribution lines.
8. Where tertiary distribution design incorporates several branches, the

remote control valve shall be located as close to the mid point of the
branching as is practicable to balance the distribution.
9. Irrigation system design(s) shall incorporate maximum adjustment

flexibility at the timing controller to reduce in-field maintenance
requirements and adjustment, maximum effectiveness, and efficiency of
water application.
The following objectives shall be exhibited in all systems:
a. Suitability for use with MYAS treated sanitary effluent (TSE).
b. Maximum efficiency of water use (no ponding of irrigation water).

Flood irrigation is not acceptable.
c. Salt dispersal from the soil through leaching by downward

movement of soil water.
d. Minimizing water loss and upward salt movement by minimizing

surface evaporation.
e. Flexibility in use to encourage slow or rapid growth, deep or

shallow roots, response to high or low demand planting as
appropriate to aesthetic and site related conditions.
f. Cost effectiveness in terms of capital investment, efficiency, life

expectancy and maintenance requirements.
g. Operation and maintenance requirements.
B. Irrigation Calculation Data
Calculations are to be divided into three groups.
1. Irrigation Demand Calculations
2. Hydraulic Calculations
3. Controller Calculations
In the design analysis submittals, the contractor shall show the relationships
between these three and demonstrate how they substantiate each other.
3-103
1. Irrigation Demand Calculations
The following irrigation rates shall be used for demand calculations:
WATER
FULL VALVE (FV)* CONSERVING (WC)*
PLANTINGS PLANTINGS
Trees 100 litres/tree/day 60 litres/tree/day
Shrubs & 10 litres/m2/day 6 litres/m2/day
Grd. cover Lawn 15 litres/m2/day --
* Refer to MYAS Standard Plant List for FV and WC species.
These are average figures for peak demand under worst summer
conditions. They also include a 15% leaching factor. Shrubs include
groundcovers and vines. Large shrubs planted individually shall be
treated as trees. Otherwise, all shrubs and groundcovers will be planted
in beds that will be mass excavated. The irrigation demand for these
shrubs and groundcovers will be based on the square meter area of bed
excavated.
Irrigation demand calculations shall be supplied complete and in the
following format:
TSE
Total Area allocation ................. m3/day

For each Remote Control Valve:
No. trees at 100 liters/tree/day =
m2 shrubs at 10 liters/m2/day =
Subtotal = liters/day ÷ 1000 =
m /day
POTABLE
Total Area allocation ................. m3/day
For each Remote Control Valve:
m2 lawn at 15 liters/m2/day =
Subtotal = liters/day – 1000 =
…m/day
3-104
A summary calculation sheet shall identify all individual remote control
valves, the demand quantity (subtotal) for each valve, and shall show the
accumulative valve demands compared to the total area allocation.
2. Hydraulic Calculations
Hydraulic calculations for secondary irrigation mains from the primary

distribution mains to the solenoid remote control valves shall be provided
in a format approved by the Royal Commission.
a. Pipe size calculations for secondary irrigation mains shall include

piping layout, locations, and quantity of flow through each Remote
Control Valve (RCV). The maximum flow from a combination of
the RCV used as the basis of the design shall be clearly indicated.
Secondary irrigation mains shall be designed as a loop system.
Hydraulic calculations for tertiary irrigation lines from the solenoid remote
control valve to the end of the distribution system shall contain the
following information for every valve.
a. Remote Control Valve (RCV) identity numbers.
b. Total quantity of sprinklers, emitters (or bubblers) and flow rate for
each.
c. Pressure loss in system, flow rates, and length of longest run (for
branched distribution).
d. RCV pressure setting and available pressure at the RCV inlet.
e. RCV size, flow rate, duration of valve operation, and total water
volume through valve.
f. Piping diagrams for each tertiary irrigation line showing pipe sizes
length, outlet spacing, and outlet discharge rate.
3. Controller Calculations
Controller clock settings shall be given, demonstrating how each valve

will efficiently supply the correct amount of water to the plants at
installation and maturity. Notes shall be made regarding the adjustments
required to constantly maintain efficient water application.
Additionally, controller capacity shall be maintained to provide leaching on

a two week interval (if required) for each and every valve on the
controller.
Efficiency is defined as applying the minimum water required to satisfy

every plant type without overwatering any other plant type.
3-105
C. Irrigation Schedules
The following schedules and diagrams shall be a part of every irrigation design:
1. Controller schedule settings for initial and mature plantings.
2. Primary wire sizing schematic diagram from power sources to field control
module.
3. Field control module and wire size schedule.
4. Single line schematic diagram from field control module to remote control
valves.
5. Irrigation Component Schedule including plan symbol, description of

component, manufacturer name and part number, detail reference and
specification reference.
D. Irrigation Cable System
The irrigation system controller shall be suitable for operation on 127 Vac normal
power input. The remote control valve shall be capable of operating on 24 Vac.
Minimum copper conductor cable size for primary feeder and secondary irrigation
control cable shall be 4 mm2 and 2.5 mm2, respectively.
Irrigation cables shall be installed direct-buried in accordance with Royal

Commission standard drawing and specification. Secondary irrigation cable shall
be bundled to irrigation water pipes. Under paved areas, cables shall be
installed in conduits.
3.14 INTERFACE DOCUMENTATION
3.14.1 GENERAL
The interface documentation requirements defined herein shall be implemented by all

interfacing design agencies throughout the development of Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah.
The principal objectives of this document are to: (1) establish a uniform and consistent
format of interface identification, (2) provide a means for tracking and controlling
interfaces, and (3) provide for the orderly and timely flow of information among
interfacing design agencies.
3.14.2 SCOPE
The interfaces addressed herein are limited to the external interfaces with other design
agencies.
3-106
3.14.3 INTERFACE DOCUMENTATION
An interface document shall be included with each required submission. This document
shall separately address each interface identified in specific project requirements as well
as all other interfaces that may result during the design phase. This document shall
depict in detail all physical and functional characteristics to: (1) completely define the
interfaces that are being established by this design to be extended and/or used by
others and (2) define how this design conforms to the interfaces established by others
that are in places to be extended by this design.
The principal means of transmitting and documenting interface information will be

drawings. An alpha numeric numbering system, keyed to each discipline, shall be used
to specify and identify each interface point. All interface drawings shall be identified by
drawing number prefix "IF". However, to fully define and describe an interface,
supplementary written technical data or instructions may be necessary. The interface
document shall provide a composite drawing indicating all interfacing contracts and their
related drawing numbers. Elevations of interfaces shall also be shown. The interface
document shall stand alone and shall only include information that is pertinent in defining
or satisfying an interface.
Interface drawings shall be standard A1 size and shall include a plan view (scale 1:200)
and profile (scale 1:200 horizontal; 1:50 vertical) of the interface. All existing utilities and
utilities to be installed must be differentiated. A sample format is available on request
from the Royal Commission.
3.14.4 INTERFACE CONSIDERATIONS
The following paragraphs define considerations in establishing, describing, and depicting

interfaces.
A. Functional Characteristics: Functional characteristics shall include, but not be

limited to, such items as loads, flow rates, pressures, phasing, and percent
regulation.
B. Physical Characteristics: Physical characteristics shall include, but not be limited

to, such items as location, space requirements, size, material, and routing.
C. Interference: Interferences can be either physical (e.g., a waterline running into a

sewerline) or functional (e.g., radio stations operating on the same frequency). It
is the responsibility of the designer to lay out and design his elements or systems
on a noninterference basis with other project elements or systems.
3.14.5 CHANGES
All changes to an established interface must have prior approval from the Royal
Commission.
3-107
3.15 PROCEDURE TO SHOW NEW WORK ON EXISTING AS-BUIILT DRAWINGS
In many cases, there are existing common systems and equipment that are to be shared
or interfaced by the contractor’s new work and the contractor may need to show either
some or all of his work on the existing original “As-Built” drawings. The following criteria
shall be followed.
Case 1 – When only an interface to be shown on existing As-Built drawing
1. When an interface is required with an existing “As-Built” drawing and the

contractor’s main work has to be shown on a new drawing prepared by him
under the current contract, the contractor shall show an interface point on the
existing “As-Built” drawing and show appropriate reference to the new contract
drawing number.
2. The contractor shall show a new Revision in the “Revision Box” of the existing
“As-Built” drawing that will indicate that the drawing has been revised under the
new contract. The drawing number of the existing “As-Built” drawing shall, of
course, remain unchanged and the drawing will be returned to the existing
contract for filing after a mylar copy has been made for inclusion in the set of
design drawings for the new contract.
3. Both the existing “As-Built” drawing and the new drawing shall provide
appropriate cross references as necessary.
Case 2 - When contractor’s new work to be shown on existing As-Built drawing

1. The contractor shall obtain the existing “As-Built” drawing from the Royal
Commission files. The contractor must retain the existing title block, the existing
drawing number and the existing contract number.
2. A new revision in the Revision Box” will indicate that the drawing has been
revised/modified under the new contract.
3. The drawing will provide appropriate reference to new contract drawings, as

applicable.
4. The existing “As-Built” drawing must be returned to Royal Commission to be filed

under the existing contract after a mylar copy has been made for inclusion in the
set of design drawings for the new contract.
5. The contractor’s new drawing list under the current contract shall include the
revised “As-Built” drawing number from the existing contract.
In many cases, the existing “As-Built” drawings are in very poor shape and barely
legible. A new drawing may be required to replace the existing “As-Built” drawing. The
procedure to replace an existing “signed (by RCM) and stamped As-Built” drawing
may not always be same in all cases and may require a differential treatment as noted
below. The matter should be brought to the attention of the Authorized Representative
(PE or RCM) for proper resolution.
3-108
• In some cases, a note and a reference in the existing “As-Built” drawing to indicate
that the drawing has been replaced (or voided) with a new drawing under the current
contract will suffice. A new drawing number will be assigned to the replacement
drawing and the existing “As-Built” drawing will be returned to be filed with the
existing contract
• But in other cases, the existing drawing number will be retained on the replaced
drawing and filed with the existing contract. The contractor’s new drawing list under
the new contract will include the replaced drawing from the existing contract.
• In any case, drawing sets in the new contracts must be complete with copies of
affected drawings from As-Built files. The integrity of As-Built drawing files, including
drawing numbering, must be preserved. Cross referencing and information
documentation on affected As-Built drawings and affected drawings in new project
drawing files must provide adequate direction for quick and easy assimilation of total
system and/or facility design records.
3.16 SURVEY CONTROL AND DOCUMENTATION
3.16.1 SITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
A. All coordinates and elevations shall be based on Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah

(MYAS) grid and elevation datum.
B. The coordinate system used is a plane rectangular in meters, based on a local

arbitrary grid established by Hunting Surveys Ltd. in 1977.
3.16.2 SURVEY CONTROL AND DATUM
Horizontal and vertical survey data on primary survey monuments on or adjacent to work
site, generally not exceeding 1 km intervals, will be furnished by the Royal Commission.
Only those survey control monuments and data furnished by the Royal Commission are
to be used by the Contractor in establishing additional control points and setting out for
construction.
The Contractor shall make a formal application to the Royal Commission for data on
survey control points in their particular project area prior to construction.
3.16.3 SURVEY CONTROL ESTABLISHED BY CONTRACTOR
The description, elevation and location (co-ordinates) of all survey control points, bench
marks, and reference points established by the Contractor must be documented. Two
copies of each document shall be furnished to the Royal Commission.
Documents furnished by the Contractor can be in the form of field notes, field sketches
or standard plan type drawings.
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September 2007
SECTION 4
TECHNICAL CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
4.1 GENERAL
Construction specifications for Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah shall be based on the format of the
Royal Commission Standard Construction Guide Specifications, Divisions 1 through 16.
4.1.1 STANDARD SECTIONS
The Royal Commission will furnish standard sections to the Contractor, as requested
and selected by him, from the list of standard sections. The Contractor shall edit the
sections he receives, to add or delete specification data to suit the project requirements.
Specification sections which are not available from the Royal Commission shall be
prepared by the Contractor in the same format and depth of information as shown in the
standard sections. The furnishing of a standard guide specification section by the Royal
Commission shall not be construed as relieving the Contractor of his full responsibility for
the adequacy and correctness of the technical and related data.
The organization and order of each section into four parts entitled General, Products,
Execution and Measurement and Payment shall be followed whenever the length and
subject matter require each of the parts.
The numbering of sections shall correspond to the numbering system listed in the
Construction Specifications Institute's Manual of Practice.
4.1.2 GRAMMATICAL QUALITY
Ambiguities, uncertainties, and generalities shall be avoided. Construction contractors'

options for type and quality of an item or material shall be minimized, and, if possible,
eliminated.
The correct usage of words such as "shall," "will," "should," and "may" is of prime
importance. "Shall" shall be used whenever a specification expresses a provision that is
binding, and "will" to express a declaration of purpose on the part of the Royal
Commission. It may be necessary to use "will" in cases where simple futurity is required
(e.g., "power for the motor will be supplied by the ship"). "Should" and "may" shall be
used whenever nonmandatory provisions must be expressed.
4.1.3 REFERENCES TO STANDARDS AND/OR OTHER PUBLICATIONS
References to standards and/or other publications, as listed in Section 2, Paragraph

2.1.2 or otherwise approved, pertaining to construction, materials, or tests may be
specified in the construction specifications.
4-1
September 2007
4.2 PROPRIETARY ITEMS AND TRADE/BRAND NAMES
The Contractor shall investigate the availability of Saudi Arabian-manufactured products for use
in the Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah construction program, and where they exist these products
shall be incorporated into the design and specified.
The technical specifications shall otherwise be written as performance-type specifications to

allow maximum competition in bidding. If use of trade names or brand names is deemed
necessary in the interest of the Royal Commission, the particular physical and functional (or
other) characteristics of the item that are deemed essential shall be clearly identified and
described in the appropriate technical section. Trade names with catalog numbers, or equal,
may be used as an example of material or equipment meeting the specified requirements.
Copies of the manufacturer's literature shall be submitted for review for all such equipment or
material and shall be made a part of the construction submittal for use as a reference to
evaluate submissions under the "or equal" clause.
4.3 FORM AND TYPING
The specifications shall be typed on 8 1/2 inch by 11 inch 89 gram white bond paper, using Arial
font, Regular, size 12. Double-space typing shall be used for review submissions, and single-
space typing for the final specifications master. A minimum margin of 1 inch (25 mm) shall be
maintained on left, right, top and bottom sides.
4.4 DRAWING COMPATIBILITY
Drawings and specifications shall complement each other. In general, drawings shall show the
size, form, and extent of construction, and specifications shall establish the quality of materials,
equipment, and workmanship. Duplication of information shall be avoided.
4-2
September 2007
SECTION 5
CONSTRUCTION BID PACKAGE
5.1 SCOPE
Documents to be prepared for each construction bid package shall consist of commercial
documents and technical specifications.
Commercial documents shall be divided into the following eight parts:
Part 1 – A/E Detailed Cost Estimate
Part 2 – Summary Breakdown of Work by Percentage / Value of Total Project
Part 3 – FOP Section 2 – Schedule of Prices and Quantities
Part 4 – FOP Section 3.L - List of Minimum Construction Plants and Equipment for use on
this project
Part 5 – List of Long Term Warranties (to insert in the Special Conditions)
Part 6 – Document D – Special Specifications, including Specification Data
Part 7 – Document E – List of Drawings
Part 8 – Document F – Schedule of Prices and Quantities, Tables P-1, P-2
The Special Specifications shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Sections 4
or 6 herein, as applicable.
5.2 PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS
Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 shall be completed, modified, or supplemented as required by the

construction contract.
5.3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
5.3.1 ROYAL COMMISSION-FURNISHED PROPERTY
Royal Commission-furnished property is material or equipment furnished he construction

contractor without cost. If such property requires early procurement, the specifications
for each item shall be prepared for approval by the Royal Commission in accordance
with the requirements of Section 6 herein. Approved items will be purchased by the
Royal Commission and furnished to the construction contractor for installation. A list of
all Royal Commission-furnished property, if any, shall be inserted in the Special
Specification.
5-1
September 2007
5.3.2 LIST OF DRAWINGS
The list of drawings (Document E) shall include all contract drawings with the exact title
of each drawing stated, together with the sequential number, revision number, and date
and the statement “Issued for Construction” therein.
5.3.3 ASSEMBLY OF DOCUMENTS
All construction bid documents other than drawings shall be assembled (loose leaf) in
one or more volumes of convenient thickness. Parts 1 through 8 shall be indexed in
Volume I of the documents. The Schedule of Prices and Quantities must be provided in
loose leaf hard copy and in MS Excel format on CD. The formulas must be entered on
the MS Excel copy to extend the pricing and total the overall proposal price. The
columns must be unlocked on the MS Excel copy. Another document must be provided
in both loose leaf hard copy and MS Word format on CD.
The technical sections shall be assembled in numerical sequence as a continuation of

Volume I, or assembled (loose leaf) together in Volume 2 and subsequent volumes, if
required.
5.3.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND INDEXES
A complete table of contents shall be provided for each set of construction bid
documents. This table shall follow the title page of each volume, identifying all parts, the
volume in which they appear, their subsections, and the page number on which the
subsections begin. Under Special Specifications, only the section numbers and title
need be listed.
5-2
September 2007
SECTION 6
PROCURED EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
The following is presented as a guideline to an acceptable specification format and should not
be construed as being restrictive. Other English language equipment specification formats may
be used provided they contain as a minimum all items addressed herein.
6.2 FORMAT
The format, as follows, is for equipment procurement specifications and includes certain
standard paragraphs considered necessary to the overall structure of the specifications.
6.2.1 SCOPE
This specification covers (Note: Insert descriptive name of equipment), furnished

complete, as indicated in the design criteria and data sheets, which form a part of this
specification.
6.2.2 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS
A. Reference publications, listed below, form a part of this specification. The

applicable issue shall be the one in effect at the time of award of contract. (Note:
List all standards and documents requiring compliance to ensure minimum
standards of construction, materials, and performance for this equipment. List
only those standards that apply.)
B. In the event of a conflict between this specification and any specification or

document referenced herein, this specification shall govern.
C. This specification is based on the standards and publications referenced herein.

The Seller may, upon the approval of the Purchaser, use other standards and
publications, the use of which will result in equipment of comparable or better
quality than that specified. The Seller shall submit, with the quotation, a copy of
the applicable sections of the other standards in the English language for review
by the Purchaser. Deviations which in the opinion of the Purchaser are minor will
not preclude approval of the proposed alternate standard or publication.
6.2.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A. The design, materials and construction of this equipment shall meet or exceed all
operating requirements specified in the design criteria of this specification.
1. Design Capacity. The normal performance capability of the proposed

equipment shall meet the requirements of the design criteria.
6-1
September 2007
2. Maximum Capacity. The Seller shall state the maximum capacity of the
proposed equipment.
B. All vendor data shall be expressed in the metric system (e.g., drawings,
instructions and maintenance manuals, and instrument and gauge markings).
The Seller may include the engineering units he customarily uses on drawings
and in documents provided the metric units are also shown.
6.2.4 DESIGN AND FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS
The design, materials, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Seller's standard
practice for the intended service, unless the requirements listed below and in the data
sheets preclude their use. If these requirements limit the feasibility or suitability of the
equipment, the Seller must so advise the Purchaser.
(Note: In these subsections, present those criteria that are required by the specific
application of the equipment. Guards, couplings, accessories, operational efficiency, and
capacities are a few of the potential entries. The following subsection topics are
examples only and can be added to or deleted from as the requirements dictate.)
A. Structural details
B. Mechanical details
C. Electrical details
D. Welding procedures
E. Materials of construction
F. Instrumentation and control requirements
6.2.5 ELECTRIC MOTORS
The supply of motor starters shall be designated as furnished by the Seller or by the
Purchaser (in which case, the requirement shall be placed on the construction
contractor). Electric motors shall comply with the MYAS Construction Guide
Specification Section 16150.
6.2.6 PAINTING AND PROTECTIVE COATING
Surfaces normally painted shall be cleaned, primed, and finished with topcoats of the
Manufacturer's standard paint. Other surfaces subject to corrosion in transit or storage
shall be coated with a corrosion preventive that is removable with a commercial
petroleum solvent. All machined surfaces subject to damage, and equipment openings
such as pipe connections, shall be protected with wooden or plastic covers, plugs, or
caps.
6-2
September 2007
6.2.7 INSPECTIONS AND TESTS
Testing and performance demonstration of the equipment shall include:
A. Quality control during manufacture
B. Shop assembly of total equipment item or partial assembly to prove match up

and function of drives, controls, or components
C. Inspection of packaging for shipment
D. Inspection of equipment on receipt at jobsite
E. Supervision of installation
F. Acceptance test and startup
6.2.8 SELLER RESPONSIBILITY
The limits of responsibility of the Seller for each type of equipment shall be determined
and defined. The value and complexity of each item will influence this requirement, from
"FOB Point of Manufacture" for simple items, to "Deliver, Erect, Startup, and Test" for
more complicated equipment.
6.2.9 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT
A. Packaging and shipping instructions shall be as specified in the purchase order.
B. The number of subassemblies shall be kept to a minimum. Disassembled units

shall be marked for easy reassembly and crated for protection against exposure
or damage in transit or storage, with crates identified. Uncrating, inspection, and
installation instructions shall be included with each crate. Desiccant shall be
provided as required.
C. Special erection jigs or tools and fragile, vulnerable, loose, or small parts shall be
crated separately with necessary identification and instruction included.
6.2.10 SHOP DRAWINGS
A. Shop drawings or sketches shall be included in Seller bid packages, as required.
B. The Seller shall include all sizes and operational envelopes in proposal drawings
or sketches, for the proposed equipment.
C. The Seller shall also submit all drawings containing operation and maintenance
instructions. These shall be reproducible drawings showing all critical
dimensions, clearances, and procedures necessary for equipment reassembly
(as applicable) upon completion of maintenance work.
6-3
September 2007
6.2.11 NAMEPLATES
Each item of equipment shall have a standard nameplate, securely affixed in a

conspicuous location; showing the name and address of the manufacturer, serial and
model number, date of manufacture, job equipment number and any other information
that the Contractor may consider necessary to complete the identification of the item.
Nameplate lettering shall be in the Arabic and English language on a noncorrosive metal
plate.
6.2.12 EQUIPMENT NOISE CONTROL
Equipment furnished under this specification must comply with the noise control
requirements of Subsection 3.2.
6.2.13 GUARANTEES
Units shall be guaranteed by the Seller against all deficiencies in performance and
defects in design, materials, and workmanship for a period of 1 year after plant startup
but not less than 18 months after shipment; with any corrections, adjustments,
replacements, or repairs being made promptly, at no cost to the purchaser. Performance
shall be guaranteed to comply with the design criteria.
6.2.14 DESIGN CRITERIA SHEET
Design criteria sheets shall be prepared for each equipment item covered by the
specification. Identical items can be combined on the same sheet with separate tag or
identifying numbers listed. The criteria sheet shall present in summary form the
operating environments, functional and design requirements, and reference drawings
and specifications for each piece of equipment.
6.2.15 DATA SHEETS
Data sheets shall be prepared for each equipment item covered by the specifications.
Identical items may be included in the same data sheet with separate tag or identifying
numbers listed. The data sheets shall be completed by the Seller as part of his
proposal.
6-4
September 2007
SECTION 7
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION BUDGETS, CONSTRUCTION COST

ESTIMATES AND BILLS OF QUANTITIES
Project construction budget and construction cost estimates shall be prepared as set forth
below to ensure uniformity of presentation and ease of reviewing. They will also be used as the
primary tool for analyzing costs and controlling subsequent design decisions so that the project
can be constructed within the project budget.
7.1 GENERAL
A. A project construction budget estimate shall be submitted with the program

analysis submittal and shall be based on the best cost data available for the level
of detail used. Once approved by the Royal Commission it will form the
construction budget for this project.
B. Construction cost estimates for each proposed construction bid package (see
Section 5) shall be submitted with each design submittal up to and including the
pre-final design submittal. A final cost estimate, to be submitted with the final
design submission, will be required whenever the Royal Commission review
comments for the pre-final design submission indicate that changes and/or
corrections other than minor revisions are necessary. The requirement for final
construction cost estimate(s) shall be determined solely by the Royal
Commission.
C. Bills of Quantities shall be prepared and submitted as specified in the contract.

The Bills of Quantities shall be subdivided into elements in accordance with
Construction Specifications Institute, 16 division format and as directed by the
Royal Commission.
D. If the Royal Commission review of any estimate submitted indicates non-

compliance with the requirements of this Section 7, the estimate shall be revised
and resubmitted at no additional cost to the Royal Commission.
E. Substantial increases or decreases in total costs between each estimate

submitted and the previous estimate shall be analyzed and explained as a part of
the submittal.
F. The estimate shall be prepared in the English language and shall be clearly
printed, typewritten or in computer printout form. Paper size shall be 216mm x
280mm.
7.2 DEFINITIONS
Specific terms and descriptions used in this Section 7 are as follows:
7-1
September 2007
A. Line Items - An item described and priced on an "Estimate Worksheet" (Figure 7-

2).
B. Manual Labor - Skilled and unskilled field labor up to and including foreman.
C. Non-Manual Labor - Management, construction supervision above foreman level,

engineering, surveying, clerical and administrative personnel.
D. Small Tools - Individual hand or powered tools which have an initial cost of less
than SR 2,000 each.
E. Construction Equipment - All plant, vehicles and equipment required in the

execution of the work but excluding small tools.
F. Temporary Facilities - Offices, workshops, maintenance facilities, safety

construction, temporary utilities, etc., which are used in the course of the
construction work and subsequently removed from the jobsite.
G. Materials - Construction materials and permanent equipment installed or

furnished for the permanent facility.
H. Consumables - Various and sundry purchased items which are required in the
execution of the work and are either consumed or have no appreciable salvage
value.
I. Direct Costs - Direct Costs consist of the construction costs which can be directly
allocated to each specific line item of work. Direct Costs are divided into the
components listed below:
1. Manual Labor
2. Construction Equipment
3. Materials and Consumables
4. Sub-contract work
J. General Requirements and Indirect Costs - General requirements and Indirect

Costs consist of the construction contractor's costs which can not be allocated to
the direct costs. General Requirements and Indirect costs are divided into the
components listed below:
1. Manual Labor
2. Construction Equipment
3. Materials and Consumables
4. Sub-contract work
7-2
September 2007
5. All non-manual labor
6. Temporary Facilities
7. Mobilization and demobilization costs.
8. Other costs such as the costs of bonds, performance guarantees, taxes

and insurances (excluding payroll burdens), home office costs, finance
costs, etc.
K. Risk and Profit - Risk and Profit is the amount added to the construction
contractor's costs (the sum of the direct costs and the general requirements and
indirect costs), and shall include profit and when applicable, allowances for risk
peculiar to the particular project.
L. Reimbursable Costs - Costs for which the construction contractor will be directly
reimbursed in accordance with the construction contract documents.
M. Bid Item - An individual priced item listed in the construction contract "Form of
Proposal".
7.3 FORMAT
This paragraph refers to utilization of recommended construction cost estimate sample forms
(Figure 7-1 through 7-6). If other estimating forms are proposed for use, they shall be submitted
for prior Royal Commission approval. Each construction cost estimate shall be organized into
three parts: 1) Direct costs for each bid item, 2) General Requirements and Indirect Costs for an
entire construction bid package, and 3) Risk and profit for an entire construction bid package.
(See Table 7.4.C).
A. Direct Costs - Direct Costs estimates for each bid item shall be prepared for each
applicable section of the specifications (usually the CSI format) and summarized
by specification division using the "Estimate Worksheet", Figure 7-2. The
specification division totals are then carried forward to the "Cost Estimate
Summary - Direct Cost" sheet, Figure 7-3. The total direct costs for each bid
item are the carried forward to the Direct Cost column of the "Overall Summary",
Figure 7-5. The amount estimated for cost reimbursable items shall be according
to the terms and conditions stated in the construction contract documents. Any
non-reimbursable portions of the direct costs associated with this category shall
be transferred to the fixed cost category.
B. General Requirements and Indirect Costs - The General Requirements and

Indirect Cost estimate shall be prepared using the "Estimate Worksheet", Figure
7-2 for at least each item listed on the "General Requirements and Indirect Cost
Summary" Figure 7-4. The total General Requirements and Indirect Costs shall
then be forwarded to the "Overall Summary", Figure 7-5, in the General
Requirement and Indirect Cost Column at the total line. General Requirement
and Indiect Costs can then be distributed to each bid item based on the
estimator's judgement.
7-3
September 2007
C. Risk and Profit - The total Risk and Profit mark-up shall be entered at the total
line in the appropriate column of the "Overall Summary", Figure 7-5. The
amounts to be used for risk and profit shall be determined on an individual job
basis and distributed to each bid item in a manner similar to 7.3.B above.
7.4 CONTENT
The construction cost estimate(s) shall contain all the line items required to adequately define
the work. The number of line items will normally increase as the design work progresses. At the
various design stages, the number of line items and their descriptions shall be at a level of detail
commensurate with the design drawings and specifications submitted. The pre-final and the
final design submittal estimate(s) shall contain line items to cover every separately identifiable
part of the work.
A. Basis of Estimate - A narrative giving the basis of the estimate, assumptions

used and special information not contained elsewhere in the estimate shall be
submitted using "Construction Cost Estimate" sheet, Figure 7-1.
B. Quantity Take-Off - Quantity take-off shall be made for every line item.
Contractor shall prepare quantity take-off on "Estimate Quantity Worksheet",
Figure 7-6. All Quantity take-off sheets shall indicate the source, procedure, and
assumptions used in the take-off. All calculations shall be shown and
arithmetically checked. Quantity take-off sheets shall be submitted with each
estimate and shall be neatly and clearly prepared, summarized, and analyzed to
permit straightforward verification/ checking by the Royal Commission. The
metric system shall be used for all quantity measurement.
C. Costs - Costs shall be developed for each line item. Calculation sheets shall be
submitted showing how the costs are developed and shall be supported by
vendor/sub-contractor quotations as appropriate. These sheets shall be clearly
labeled to identify the line item(s) involved. All line item costs shall be in current
day Saudi Riyals. The minimum level of cost information required for each
design submittal shall be as tabulated on the following table:
MINIMUM LEVEL OF COST INFORMATION TABLE
1 2 3
DESIGN GEN. R'MENTS
SUBMISSION CODE DIRECT COSTS & IND. COSTS RISK AND PROFIT
Program - Level of detail to be defined at the post award stage and will be
Analysis commensurate with the nature of the project.
Conceptual A "All-in" unit Included with Included with

rate direct costs direct costs
Preliminary A "All-in" unit Included with Included with

rate direct costs direct costs
7-4
September 2007
MINIMUM LEVEL OF COST INFORMATION TABLE

(Continued)
1 2 3
DESIGN GEN. R'MENTS
SUBMISSION CODE DIRECT COSTS & IND. COSTS RISK AND PROFIT
Intermediate C Labor m/hours, Percentage of Percentage

labor costs, direct costs
equipment,
material and
sub-contract
costs.
Pre-final D Labor m/hours, labor, man- percentage

labor costs, hours, labor applied to
& equipment, costs, equpt. sum of Cols.
material and material, sub- 1 and 2.
Final E sub-contract contract and
costs other costs
Cost elements to be included in the cost components listed in paragraphs 7.2.I

and 7.2.J shall be as follows:
1. Manual Labor - Man-hour unit costs used on the estimate worksheet,

Figure 7-2 shall include wages, payroll burdens, housing and subsistence
and small tools.
2. Non-Manual Labor - Unit costs used on the estimated work sheet, Figure
7-2, shall include wages/salaries, payroll burdens and housing and
subsistence.
3. Construction Equipment - Costs used in developing construction

equipment cost shall include operating costs, maintenance and repair
costs, and equipment amortization cost. Equipment Operators shall be
included in manual labor. for specialized or short term requirements, third
party rental rates may be used.
4. Materials - Cost of materials and consumables delivered to the jobsite.
5. Sub-Contract - Total Sub-contractor's price to General Contractor. Sub-

contract prices shall be backed up by cost estimates which comply with
all requirements of paragraphs 7.3 and 7.4 of this Section.
Unsubstantiated lump sum prices are not acceptable.
7-5
September 2007
6. Temporary Facilities - Costs for manual labor, construction equipment,

materials and sub- contracts.
7. Other costs - (Paragraph 7.2.J.8) - Contractor's net costs.
8. Mobilization - Labor mobilization costs, delivery and erection of

construction equipment, initial costs of temporary facilities and any other
requirements peculiar to the specific project.
7.5 COST ESTIMATE CONFIDENTIALITY
All cost estimates for construction projects are procurement- sensitive and shall be treated as
confidential information. The responsibility for this control rests with the Contractor. Such steps
shall be taken as necessary to ensure that cost information is controlled and that it is not
provided to personnel outside the Contractor's office, with the exception of authorized personnel
designated by the Royal Commission.
7-6
Sep+embe.
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September 2007

GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND TECHNICAL GUIDELINES

3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS

3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS (CONT'D)

3.9 MECHANICAL DESIGN - HEATING, VENTILATING,

3.12 TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGN ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-81

3.14 INTERFACE DOCUMENTATION ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 3-106

3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS (CONT'D)

3.15 PROCEDURE TO SHOW NEW WORK ON EXISTING AS-BUILT DRAWINGS 3-108

3.16 SURVEY CONTROL AND DOCUMENTATION ….. ….. ….. 3-109

4 TECHNICAL CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

5 CONSTRUCTION BID PACKAGE

5.2 PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS ….. ….. ….. 5-1

5.3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. 5-1

6 PROCURED EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

7 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION BUDGETS, CONSTRUCTION COST

3-1 INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY CURVE OF RAINFALL ….. ….. 3-2

1 PATTERN OF BEND, CABLE DUCT SECTION (R = 2.5 M) ….. ….. 3-86

1.1 PURPOSE OF DOCUMENT

1.3 ORGANIZATION OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS

1.4 DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN TEXT

2.1 CODES, STANDARDS, AND MANUALS

2.1.2 CRITERIA SOURCES

AGA American Gas Association

AI The Asphalt Institute

AIA American Institute of Architects

AISC American Institute of Steel Construction

AISI American Iron and Steel Institute

AITC American Institute of Timber Construction

AMCA Air Movement and Conditioning Association, Inc.

ANSI American National Standards Institute, Dept. 671

AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chemists

APA American Plywood Association

API American Petroleum Institute

ASAHC American Society of Architectural

ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM Amercian Society for Testing and Materials

AWI Architectural Woodwork Institute

AWPA American Wood Preservers' Association

AWPB American Wood Preservers Bureau

AWPI American Wood Preservers Institute

AWS American Welding Society, Inc.

AWWA American Water Works Association

BHMA Builders Hardware Manufacturers

BIA Brick Institute of America

BS British Standard Institution

CSI Construction Specifications Institute, Inc.

CE Corps of Engineers (U.S. Dept. of the Army)

CRSI Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute

CS Commercial Standards of NBS (U.S. Dept. of

DHI Door and Hardware Institute

EIA Electronics Industries Association

FGMA Flat Glass Marketing Association

FM Factory Mutual Engineering Corp.

FSSM Food Services Sanitation Manual

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

ISA Instrument Society of America

IPCEA Insulated Power Cable Engineers Association

LIA Lead Industries Association

MIA Marble Institute of America

MLSFA Metal Lath/Steel Framing Association