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Society of Petroleum Engineers

SPE 25592

Horizontal Drilling in Saudi Arabian Oil Fields: Case Histories


KA AI-Buraik and J.M. Pasnak, Saudi Aramco
SPE Members

Copyright 1993, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Inc.

This paper was prepared for presentation at the SPE Middle East 011 Technical Conference & Exhibition held in Bahrain, 3-6 April 1993.

This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE Program Committee following review of Information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper,
as presented, have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect
any position of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, its officers, or members. Papers presented at SPE meetings are subject to publication review by Editorial Committees of the Society
of Petroleum Engineers., Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. -mustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment
of where and by whom the paper is presented. Write Librarian, SPE, P.O. Box 833836, Richardson, TX 75083-3636, U.S.A., Telex, 163245 SPEUT.

ABSTRACT: three sandstone oil reservoirs are being


developed with horizontal wells. The wells
A total of thirteen wells have been are long radius, because of the long
drilled in the carbonate reservoirs and lateral displacements required.
eight wells in the sandstone res~rvoirs.
Currently there are eight wells in Throughout this paper ..sandstone and
progress. carbonate horizontal wells will be
covered. A typical or a generalized
These wells represent the first horizontal horizontal well of each type will be
wells drilled in Saudi Arabia. This paper presented. The main differences between
will present generalized case histories each type will be highlighted.
for both carbonate and sandstone
horizontal wells. It will also discuss
well plans, drilling fluids, casing,
cementing liner, coring, logging, and HORIZONTAL WELL OVERVIEW:
completions. In addition, problems
encountered during drilling will be This section will summarize the objective
discussed. of horizontal drilling in each field,
completion zones and production test
results, if available. The developed
fields are:
INTRODUCTION:
SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS:
Saudi Arabia's horizontal drilling started
in 1990 with two wells completed in the The Main Sand and stringer reservoirs
carbonate reservoirs (offshore). These two (shaley sands) are targeted in these
wells proved the success and cost fields. Horizontal wells are targeted for
effectiveness of horizontal wells in this the upper portion of the Main Sand and
area. Stringers, both on the crest (for recovery
under the gas cap) and on the flanks of
In 1992 an ambitious horizontal drilling the structure ( for recovery near water
campaign was started. Three carbonate and leg). The objective of the horizontal

609
2 Horizontal Drilling in Saudi Arabian oil Fields; Case Histories SPE 25592

drilling are to prevent gas conning and/or Nudge: The purpose of this nudge is to
higher production rates. None of the take the well path away from the existing
completed wells has been produced, as of wells to avoid magnetic interference
December, 1992. They are waiting on flow and/or wellbore collisions. The depth of
line hookups. nudge varies from well to well. In a six
well platform, the first two wells are
nudged at +/- 2000 ft (610 m), and the
CARBONATE RESERVOIRS: rest are nudged at shallower depths. Angle
is built to 5° at 1° -2°/100 ft (30.5 m).
Offshore Field: The first horizontal wells Once the required horizontal displacement
drilled in Saudi Arabia have been in the is achieved the angle is dropped to
offshore carbonate field. Several vertical at similar rates.
horizontal oil producers have been drilled
and completed since the first completion First Build Section: Wells are typically
in January, 1991. The horizontal kicked off in the 17 in. ( 432 mm) hole
production from the tight carbonate section and the build rates vary from
reservoir has demonstrated a three fold 2.5° to 3.5°/l00 ft (30.5 m). Kick off
increase in production rate compared to depth also varies as a function of the
surrounding conventional wells. The horizontal displacement. The angle is
production from the permeable reservoir built to 25° - 40° and the 13-3/8 in. (340
has also demonstrated a similar increase mm) casing is run and cemented.
with the application here as being conning
control and attic oil recovery. A First Tangent section: Length and angle of
horizontal water injector was also drilled the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) hole tangent
to increase the rate and sweep efficiency. sections vary from 500 ft. (152 m) to 1500
ft (457 m) and 25° to 40° respectively.
Tangent sections are adjusted to provide
Onshore Field: Here the applications have profile correction while drilling.
been mainly directed to more effective
reservoir pressure maintenance. Horizontal Second Build section: The second build is
injectors have been drilled to improve oil commenced in the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) hole.
production, sweep efficiency and achieve a The build rate varies from 3° to 6°/100 ft
high injection rate. A three to four fold (30.5 m). Normally this build section
increase in injection rate compared to continues in the 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) hole
conventional wells has been measured. A section until target inclination is
horizontal salt water disposal well has achieved.
been drilled to reduce disposal costs and
increase disposal rate. Horizontal section: The horizontal section
is drilled in the 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) hole.
Length and angle of this section varies
from 1500 ft. (457 m) to 2000 ft (731.5 m)
CASING PROGRAMS: and 89° to 91°, respectively.
Casing programs differ from field to
field. A typical casing program for each
field is shown in tables #1, 2 and 3. CARBONATE RESERVOIRS:

The carbonate wells have been drilled


using the long radius technique. Designed
WELL PLANS: build rates are typically 2° to 5°/100 ft
(30.5 m). Figure #2 shows the actual and
All of the wells were new drills and long planned trajectories for one of the
radius. Following are well plans for drilled wells.
sandstone and carbonate fields:
A summary of the individual carbonate
SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS: field well plans are discussed below.
The well plans for the three sandstone Offshore Field: These wells have been
offshore fields are similar. A typical drilled from either offshore platforms or
offshore well plan is shown in Figure #1 from drilling pads near shore. Due to the
and discussed below. Figure #1 also shows surface location constraints, these wells
the planned and actual trajectories for a have typically been kicked off at
typical well. shallower depths than the onshore wells.

610
SPE 25592 K. A. AL-Buraik & J. M. Pasnak 3

The kick off point is typically in the 17 SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS: A generalized


in. (432 rom) hole below the 18-5/8 in. drilling fluid program for the sandstone
(473 rom) casing shoe. Inclination is built reservoirs is as follows:
to 15° - 45° depending on the lateral reach
required for the target entry point. The 28 in. (711 IBID) and/or 24 in. (610 IBID)
tangent section is drilled to the 13-3/8 holes ( 200 ft (61 m) - 2000 ft (610 m»:
in. (340 rom) casing point. drilled with spud mud to stabilize the
upper hole formations. This section
The 12-1/4 in. (311 rom) hole section normally drilled with 100% circulation.
contains the second build and azimuth
correction if necessary to land the 17 in. (432 IBID) hole ( 1500 ft (457 m) -
horizontal section in the desired 5500 ft (1676 m»: Two of the sandstone
direction. An azimuth correction is fields are drilled with the well flowing
necessary if the target entry and total water. The third field is drilled with 69
depth coordinates do not form a straight pcf (9.21 ppg) - 71 pcf (9.48 ppg) water
line with the surface coordinates. In some base mud and 100% circulation.
cases the injectors are drilled along
formation strike to optimize reservoir 12/1/4 in. (311 IBID) hole (4500 ft (1372 m)
sweep efficiency. Some of the producers - 7800 ft (2377 m), 37 - 76°): is drilled
are drilled parallel to the flood front with invert emulsion mud to stabilize the
for the same purpose. The 9-5/8 in. (244.5 unstable shales. During drilling the first
rom) casing point is typically 20 ft (6.1 well in one of the fields the upper
m) 40 ft (12.2 m) above the target portion was drilled with 95 pcf (12.7
formation at an inclination of 75° - 80°. ppg), to mechanically stabilize the shale.
Mud weight was dropped to 76 pcf (10.1
The 8-1/2 in. (216 rom) hole section ppg) across the lower portion, because of
contains the final build to the target stuck pipe and low penetration rate. The
entry point at an inclination of 87° - 90° subsequent wells, in the sandstone fields,
and the well drilled to TD. Horizontal were drilled with 68 pcf (9.1 ppg) - 75
sections drilled have averaged 2400 ft pcf (10 ppg) mud. This section is drilled
(732 M) with the longest one being with 100% circulation.
recorded at 3200 ft (975.4 m).
8-1/2 in. (216 IBID) hole (6000 ft (1829 m)
- 10,200 ft (3109 m), 75° - 91°): For the
Onshore Fields: These fields have the same reason mentioned above this hole is
advantage that surface locations are not drilled with 68 pcf (9.1 ppg) - 80 pcf
restricted to platforms or drilling pads. (10.7 ppg) invert emulsion mud.
This allows a deeper kick off point, less
directional drilling and lower costs. Perforating fluid: Wells are perforated
These wells are typically drilled overbalanced. To minimize formation damage
vertically to the 13-3/8 in.(340 rom) the hole is displaced with 70 pcf (9.3
casing point. The 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) hole ppg) - 75 pcf (10 ppg) clean brine with
section contains the kick off point and is surfactant before perforation. If partial
drilled with either a smooth curve or a loss of circulation in the high
short tangent section to the 9-5/8 in. permeability sands is a concern after
(244.5 mm) casing point. perforation, a 150 sec/quarter funnel
viscosity brine is spotted across the
The inclination of the 9-5/8 in. (244.5 horizontal section prior to perforating.
mm) casing is typically 80°. The 8-1/2 in.
(216 mm) horizontal section is typically CARBONATE RESERVOIRS: Drilling fluid
2000 ft (610 m) 2500 ft (762 m) in programs for the carbonate reservoirs are
length and 87° 90° inclination. The summarized below.
maximum inclination recorded was 96.8°.
Offshore Field: Drilling mud used in the
28 in. (711 mm), 22 in. (559 mm) and 17
DRILLING FLUID PROGRAM: in. (432 mm) hole sections were
conventional sea water based gel/polymer
Drilling fluids were designed to eliminate muds. The 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) and 8-1/2
problems usually associated with drilling in. (216 mm) holes were drilled with a
highly deviated wells. Wellbore stability, none damaging brine polymer and lubricant
cutting transport, lubricity and formation mud. Sized CaC03 powder was used where a
damage control were all considered. bridging agent was required to assist in
filtrate loss. Lab studies indicated a
return permeability of 92% for the mud
611
4 Horizontal Drilling in Saudi Arabian oil Fields; Case Histories SPE 25592

chosen in the 8-1/2 in. (216 rom) hole Where:


section. Up to 0.5% lubricant was added to MAX Torq : Maximum allowable torque during
improve the lubricity of the mud where conditioning or cementing.
high levels of torque and drag were DP Torq Drill pipe torque.
anticipated. opt Torq Optimum connection torque.
0.8 Safety factor.
Onshore Fields: The top hole sections are
drilled with conventional fresh water gel The liner then will be rotated as long as
drilling fluids. The 12-1/4 in. (311 rom), the surface readout torque does not exceed
8-1/2 in. (216 rom) and 6-1/8 in. (156 rom) the MAX TORQ. During operations, the
hole sections are drilled with low solids torque gauge must be observed closely to
non-damaging polymer muds. prevent overtorquing liner connections
during reciprocation. This technique has
been applied in a couple of wells with
100% success in rotating and reciprocating
RUNNING AND CEMENTING THE LINER: liner during conditioning and cementing.

All of the sandstone horizontal wells were CENTRALIZATION: A "Lateral Force"


completed with 7 in. (178 rom) cemented centralization program is used to space
liner. This type of completion was chosen centralizers. Spiral rigid aluminum body
because of the poorly consolidated nature centralizers (SRC) are used in the hole
of the sands. Other types of completions sections with inclination higher than 60°.
such as pre-packed screens, and slotted Range II pipe (30 ft, 9.1 m) is
liners were evaluated and may be tried in centralized with one free floating SRC per
the futur,e. joint. For better mud displacement right
hand and left hand SRC' s are alternated
LINER BANIGER: Hydraulic set liner hangers during installation.
with modified setting tools are used. The
setting 'tool transmits torque to the CEMENT USED: Class 'G ' , 118 (lb/ft 3 ) cement
hanger body through a spline during was used. Cement was designed to achieve
cementing. After the cement is in place, a fluid loss less than 100 (cm3 / 30 min),
the hanger is set and a pin is sheared zero percent free water and no settling
allowing disengagement of the spline with (at 45° inclination). In most of the liner
the hang,er body. The hanger is then jobs cemented, a good U-tube was observed
released by rotating to the right. The and no liner top squeeze jobs were done.
setting tool has a four foot stroke once
the pin is sheared, ensuring that the
action will be observed at the surface.
CORING:
TORQUE TESTS: Conducted with the reaming
assembly and again with the liner, these At the beginning of the horizontal
tests will set the torque and drag limits drilling campaign, several horizontal
for liner rotation and reciprocation. The wells were planned to be cored. But due to
first test is conducted when the reaming wellbore stability problems, the coring
assembly is at the total depth. Torque is program has been postponed.
measured '",ith the assembly rotating at 15
rpm, up--stroke and down-stroke. The The first horizontal well drilled through
purpose of this test is to estimate open the shaley sand was cored. The coring
hole torque and friction. started at 7676 ft (2340 m) at inclination
of 90.5°. Two 60 ft (18.3 m) cores were
The second test is conducted while running cut at a coring rate of 60 ft/hour and
the liner. The test is conducted as recovery was 100% and 83%, respectively.
follows: run in hole with the liner and
stop with liner shoe at the liner hanger The design of the coring assembly
depth. Reciprocate liner with 20 ft (6.1 considered directional control, hole
m) 25 ft (7.6) on down-stroke while cleaning, and BHA centralization. The
rotating at 10 - 15 rpm. Determine maximum coring assembly was 8-15/32 in. (215
torque on up-stroke. Repeat same rom,OD) X 4.0 in. (102 rom, ID) X 60 ft
procedures for down-stroke and static (18.3 m) core barrel. The barrel
condition (rotation only). Calculate incorporated two 30 ft (9.1 m) aluminum
maximum torque for the three conditions inner tubes. The core barrel was fully
using the following equation: stabilized with four open integral blades
stabilizer, to avoid any drop or build
MAX TORQ :: ( DP TORQ + OPT TORQ) X O. 8
612
SPE 25592 K. A. AL-Buraik & J. M. Pasnak 5

tendencies. The core barrel was driven requirements are evaluated on a well by.
with a high torque low speed motor. well basis.

FORMATION EVALUATION: COMPLETION PROGRAMS:


The current evaluation programs for the The completion program varies from field
different fields are as follows: to field. In general the carbonate
reservoirs are completed open hole while
SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS: The early horizontal the sandstone reservoirs are completed
wells were logged with drill pipe conveyed with a cemented liner. The completion
logs (OPCL) across the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) programs are as follows:
and 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) hole sections. Real
time MWD gamma ray and resistivity logs SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS: Completed with 7 in.
were also required. (178 mm) liner from total depth (TO) to
500 ft (152 m) lap with the 9-5/8 in. (244
Recently wellbore stability problems were mm) casing. The liner then perforated with
experienced while drilling 12-1/4 in. (311 drill pipe conveyed guns. The length of
mm) and 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) hole sections. the 7 in. (178 mm) liner ranges from 2500
Shale sloughing, borehole collapse and ft (762 m) to 3500 ft (1067 m).
stuck pipe were among the experienced
problems. These problems are time The wells are completed with 9-5/8 in.
sensitive and in an attempt to reduce the (244 mm) permanent packers. The end of
exposure time the OPCL program was tail pipe is extended inside the 7 in.
replaced with logging while drilling (LWD) (178 mm) liner, to allow coiled tubing
logs (density, porosity, GR and (CTU) easier entry to the top of the
resistivity) • liner. To accommodate the wire line
operations, the packers and profile
Real time GR and resistivity logs were run niEples are set at inclinations less than
across the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) and the 8- 54. rhis is accomplished by either
1/2 in. (216 mm) holes. The 12-1/4 in. hanging the liner hanger at an inclination
(311 mm) density and porosity logs were of 50° or by using long tailpipes (+/- 500
recorded tripping in hole with the 8-1/2 ft (152 m».
in. (216 mm) bit inside the 9-5/8 in. (244
mm) casing. The 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) Wells are completed with either 4-1/2 in.
porosity and density logs were recorded (114 mm) or 4-1/2 in. X 7 in. (178 mm) VAM
downhole and down loaded at surface when tapered strings, depending on the expected
tripped out. production rate.

The transmitted real time gamma ray and CARBONATE RESERVOIRS: Producers and
resistivity were used for directional injectors are typically completed open
control and formation tops picking. hole as the carbonate reservoirs are well
consolidated. An injection well was
CARBONATE RESERVOIRS: A suite of logging completed recently with a short 7 in. (178
while drilling sensors and drill pipe mm) liner run below the 9-5/8 in. (244 mm)
conveyed logs were run on an experimental shoe to cover a high permeability streak
basis in Saudi Aramcos first horizontal near the top of the reservoir.
well. The LWD sensors included compensated
dual resistivity (COR), compensated Producers are completed with conventional
density neutron (CON), and gamma ray (GR) permanent packers and 4-1/2 in. (114 mm)
which were run in real time and recorded VAM tubing. In one case the packer
mode during the drilling of the 12-1/4 in. tailpipe was extended below the 9-5/8 in.
(311 mm) and 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) hole (244 mm) casing shoe to cover a washed out
sections. The OPCLs were run through the interval above the target reservoir. This
8-1/2 in (216 mm) horizontal without will allow easier CTU operations and open
incident. Comparison of the LWO and OPCL hole production logging.
showed good correlation.

The basic GR/resistivity sensors are run


in the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm) and 8-1/2 in. PERFORATIONS:
(216 mm) hole sections for depth
correlation while drilling. LWO and OPCL All of the wells completed in the

613
6 HClrizontal Drilling in Saudi Arabian Oil Fields; Case Histories SPE 25592

sandstone fields were perforated with 4- of the wells was plugged and abandoned
1/2 in. (114 mm) drill pipe conveyed because of this problem. The casing
perforating guns (DPC). The average length setting depth was modified for all of the
of the perforated intervals ranges from subsequent wells. The 9-5/8 in. (244 mm)
560 ft (171 m) to 1500 ft (457 m) and the casing is set on top of the main sand, to
perforatio,n density is 4 5 SPF. The cover all of the shale stringers.
perforation is done in one trip and the
wireline GR-CCL are used for depth Several stuck liners and casings were
correlation. The location of DPC experienced in the 9-5/8 in. (244 mm)
perforating guns is controlled by using casing and the 7 in. (178 mm) liner,
radioactive tags. Radioactive tags are because most of the 12-1/4 in. (311 mm)
placed in the working string at an and the 8-1/2 in. (216 mm) holes were
inclinations that are accessible by WL motor drilled. Since then most of the
logging tools. The WL GR is correlated to motor drilled holes are reamed with a
the LWD GR and the pipe is moved stiff, non drilling assembly prior to
accordingly. The perforating is done running casing or liner. Applying this
overbalanced, because of the complication practice, the occurrence of stuck pipe
in killing the well prior to pulling out decreased. The reaming assembly is
with guns. composed of bullnose, near bit reamer, two
drill collar or heavy weight drill pipe,
roller reamer, heavy weight, jars and rest
of the string.
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED: CARBONATE RESERVOIRS: Major drilling
problems encountered were twist off of
SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS: The major problems bottom hole assembly (BHA), stuck pipe,
encountered during drilling the first few short bit life on motor runs, and extra
wells in the sandstone reservoirs were tripping for BHA changes or motor/MWD
borehole collapse and mechanical failure.
instability of the shale. These problems
are mostly caused by shale mechanical
instability and shale exposure time.
CONCLUSIONS:
Wellbore stability studies conducted
indicated that shale mechanical 1. Preplanning and a team approach is
instability was behind the problems necessary for successful horizontal
encountered. Early results also indicated drilling campaign.
that some of the shale intervals must be
drilled with a minimum mud density of 92 2. Based on the success of the first
pcf (12.3 ppg) in order to keep the two horizontal wells drilled in the
borehole open. offshore carbonate reservoirs, an
ambitious horizontal drilling
Shales are usually time sensitive and campaign is in progress in sandstone
there are several factors affecting shale and carbonate reservoirs.
exposure time. Among these factors are
long drilling time (short bit runs & low
ROP) and casing setting depth. An ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
ambitious bit trial test program was
conducted including motor and PDC bits. Appreciation is given to the Saudi Arabia
Usage of these bits will increase rate of Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral
penetration (ROP), bit life and ultimately Resources and to Saudi Aramco for
decrease drilling time. Bottom hole permission to publish this paper. Special
assemblies (BHA) are designed to handle thanks are expressed to W. H. Turki for
range of build rate, tangent & build his valuable recommendations.
section and are capable of building and
holding in rotary mode. This approach
decreased number of trips for BHA REFERENCES:
adjustment trips drastically. The 9-5/8
in. (244 mm) casing setting depth for the 1. AL-Buraik, K. A.: "Application Of Long
first few horizontal wells drilled was on Radius Horizontal Drilling In Saudi
the top of shale sand sequence formation. Arabia; A case History" Presented at the
The shale below the shoe was exposed for 1992 OAPEC/IFP Horizontal drilling
the entire time required to drill the 8- Workshop, Paris, June 23-25.
1/2 in. (216 mm) hole. Unfortunately one

614
SPE 25592 K. A. AL-Buraik & J. M. Pasnak 7

Table #1: A typical casing program for the Sandstone horizontal wells

.....
"Pl:lsiIlg Specification APP:roxillulte Setting Remarks
.... ...... Depth '(MD}, ft· •
36 in. 0.625 in. WT BE X-60 150-250 Conductor casing
24 in. 176# X-42 LS 700 intermediate casing *
18-5/8 in. 115 lb/ft K-55 BTC 1100 -2500 intermediate casing
13-3/8 in. 68 lb/ft J-55 BTC 4500 - 5500 intermediate casing
9-5/8 in. 43.5/47 lb/ft L-80 LTC 6000 - 7800 above target reservoir
7 in. 26 lb/ft J-55 VAM 8600 -10,200 TO - 500 ft lap with 9-
5/8 in. CSG

* Run in one field only.

Table #2: A typical casing program for the offshore carbonate horizontal wells

.....
,".,",'" .- . ""-'.

··qaEtillgspecificatiqn. ApP:ro](imate Setting Depth Remarks


.'. ..•.•• (MD) .. ft

32 in., 1 in. WT 250 Conductor Casing


24 in., 176 lb/ft, X-42, 1100 intermediate casing
LS
18-5/8 in., 115 lb/ft, 3900 intermediate casing
K-55 BTC
13-3/8 in. 72 lb/ft S-95 7100 intermediate casing
BTC
9-5/8 in. 43.4/47 lb/ft 9600 above target reservoir
L-80 LTC

Table #3: A typical casing program for the onshore carbonate horizontal wells

IIc~as·i······~·:~····r·····~····~·P
·t~F·····i.··ficat.i,.oll< ...• • • . .>< APPJ:'c)xiI1lCll~ .Setti.119 Remarks.
11>-> • • .• .•. . . ... • ' '.''. "". .•.•. . • . .•. <.... ., '., "",··.pept){ (MD).. . it>
36 in. 0.625 in. WT BE X-60 100 Conductor casing
24 in. 176 lb/ft X-42 LS 800 intermediate casing
18-5/8 in. 115 lb/ft K-55 BTC 3000 intermediate casing
13-3/8 in. 68 lb/ft J-55 BTC 5000 intermediate casing
9-5/8 in. 40/43.5 lb/ft L-80 LTC 8000 above target reservoir

615
8 HORIZONTAL DRILLING IN SAUDI ARABIAN OIL FIELDS; CASE HISTORIES SPE 25592

5
o 4
\
3
\

2
\
:I:
~
z~
1

0
\
~8-S'" COO @:,,«,
"
:;t:
~ -1
~
2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - , - - - - - - - -, --2

. . . - NUDGED WELL AWAY FROM -3


OFFSET V~RTICAL WELL
-4
,-...
0 -5
0
0 -5 -4 -3 , -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
~
WEST-EAST
><: (FTX 1000)
r--
~ ~ ACTUAL - - PIJAN
'-"
:I: 4- f-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
r--
~
~
0 ~3-3/8' CSG @ 5296' TOTAL DEPTH:'10139' MD, 6867' TVD
31 DEG .DEVIATION
HORIZONTAL LENGTH: 1785'
MAXIMUM ANGLE: 90.2 DEG

6- I-- - - - - - - - -
"\ ., - -9-5/8' CS~- @ n70' "& 75" ~G
(INTO TOP OF MAIN SAND) .
- - - , - - -

"- ......
...... ~
MAIN SAND RESERVOIR ~

I I I I I
8 I

I
I

I
r
I
I

I
I

I
I

-1 o 1 2 3 4 5
LATERAL DISPLACEMENT (FT X 1000)
- ACTUAL -- PLAN

FIGURE #1
COMPARISON PLOT OF ACTUAL VS PLANNED TRAJECTORY

616
SPE 25592 K. A. AL·BURAIK & J. M. PASNAK 9

o ,
4

2:

~
0
l'
Z
2- f-- . .
'I
, ,
-. - . . · r

i5 '
-0,
~~
II ~ -1'
0
en
-2 ~
1\
- I-- . . .
·1
I~ . . . -
18-5/8'

·
C~G @ 3800'

· ·
-3:

-4
. ,
\ I"

II -5,
~5 -4 -3 ' -2 -1 0 1 2 '3 4 5
~
WEST· EAST
(FTX WOO)
, -;- ACTUAL: -- PLAN
- f-- - , . 1\. . · · · . , . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . .

", 13·3/8' CSG @ 7727'


49 DEG DEVIATION
TOTAL D~PTH: 12603' Mp, 8761' TVD
HORIZON:rAL LENGTH: 2240'
":'~ MAXIMUM ANGLE: 94.9 PEG
~
,
~
~'

~
. - ,
8 - - - - - · - · - . - . -
,
. . . . . .
9-5/S' CSG @ 10131' & 6S DEG
. . " . . -

~ (TOP O~ TARGET RESE~VOIR)


,
TIGHT CARBO~ATE RESERVOIR: -

I I I I I I
10 I I I
I
.I
I
I
I
I
I

-1 o 1 2 3 4 5 6
LATERAL DISPLACEMENT (FT X 1000)
- ACTUAL -- PLAN

FIGURE #2
COMPARISON PLOT OF ACTUAL VS PLANNED TRAJECTORY

617

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