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SCB203 Fall I 2009

Dr. Angela Gee


Study guide (Lab 1-3)

Be able to define and describe the following terms:

Principles of Particle Movement:


Selective (differential) permeability
Diffusion
Osmosis
- isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic solution
Filtration
Kinetic Energy
Brownian Movement
Recall how the diffusion, osmosis and filtration experiments demonstrated those concepts.

Microscope:
Compound microscope
Light controls: (numbers refer to diagram handed out in lab)
On/off (#6)
Brightness control (#5)
Iris diaphragm lever (#13)
Other parts:
- Base, arm, power cord
- Stage (#16) and knobs for X & Y stage adjustment (#9 & 10)
- Course (#8) and fine (#7) adjustment knob
- Nose piece (#18)
Lens
1) Objectives (#17): Red (scanning), Yellow (low), Blue (high), White (oil)
2) Ocular (#1)
What you see:
Total Magnification = objective power x ocular power (ie. using scanning = 5 x 10 = 50x)
Resolution
Field of vision
Know the procedure for focusing a specimen.
Know how to make a wet mount.
Know how to carry and put away the microscope.

Metric System
2 reasons to use metric system: covers wide range, base of 10
Basic units: Length (meter), Mass (gram), Volume (Liter)
Prefixes (symbols and relationships): nano, milli, centi, deci, unit, kilo, Mega
Convert between units
Estimate measurements
Vital capacity experiment: reasons for our data (error in measurement and environment factors)
The Cell:
3 main parts:
1) Plasma membrane
Protective barrier and selectively permeable
Active transport vs. passive transport (ie. diffusion, osmosis, filtration)
Microvili
2) Cytoplasm : cytosol, organelles (nucleus, ribosomes, rough and smooth endoplasmic
reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, centrioles, cytoskeletal elements)
3) Nucleus : control center, chromatin, nucleolus
Compare structure and function of red blood cells, sperm cells, muscle cells and cheek cells.

Mitosis:
Cell Life Cycle: Interphase and Cell division
Know the key events occurring at each phase, and the relative lengths of each phase.
Be able to identify these stages in a picture (see pg. 46-47, 51).
Importance of mitosis
Interphase: chromatin, centrioles, asters
Mitosis: 4 phases
1) prophase: chromosomes, chromatids, centromere, centrioles, mitotic spindle
2) metaphase: plate
3) anaphase
4) telophase
Cytokinesis: cleavage furrow

Tissues:
Be able to identify the following tissue types, give the function, and name an example of where it
is found. For pictures, see pgs. 70-83 and 89-90 in lab manual. For additional pictures,
see pgs. 3-9 (plates 1-20) & 12-13 (plates 28, 31, 32) in “Brief Atlas of Human Body”.
4 types:
1. Epithelium
Classification by
1) Layers: Simple vs. stratified
2) Shape: Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar
Special categories: pseudostratified columnar, transitional
2. Connective
Consist of ground substance, fibers, cells
4 classes:
1) connective tissue proper: loose (areolar, adipose) and dense (regular, irregular)
2) cartilage: hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
3) bone
4) blood
3. Nervous: neuroglial, neurons
4. Muscle
3 types: 1) skeletal
2) cardiac
3) smooth

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